HP 39g+ User Manual Download Page 171

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Variables and memory management

12-3

5. Enter a name for the variable.

6. Press

to store the result.

The results of a calculation can also be stored directly to
a variable. For example:

To recall a value

To recall a variable’s value, type the name of the variable
and press

To use variables in
calculations

You can use variables in calculations. The calculator
substitutes the variable’s value in the calculation:

Summary of Contents for 39g+

Page 1: ...hp 39g graphing calculator user s guide H Edition 2 Part Number F2224 90001 ...

Page 2: ...SE HEWLETT PACKARD CO SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY ERRORS OR FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH THE FURNISHING PERFORMANCE OR USE OF THIS MANUAL OR THE EXAMPLES CONTAINED HEREIN Copyright 1994 1995 1999 2000 2003 Hewlett Packard Development Company L P Reproduction adaptation or translation of this manual is prohibited without prior written permission of Hewlett Packard Comp...

Page 3: ...s 1 25 Complex numbers 1 29 Catalogs and editors 1 30 2 Aplets and their views Aplet views 2 1 About the Symbolic view 2 1 Defining an expression Symbolic view 2 1 Evaluating expressions 2 3 About the Plot view 2 5 Setting up the plot Plot view setup 2 5 Exploring the graph 2 7 Other views for scaling and splitting the graph 2 14 About the numeric view 2 16 Setting up the table Numeric view setup ...

Page 4: ...the Sequence aplet 6 1 7 Solve aplet About the Solve aplet 7 1 Getting started with the Solve aplet 7 2 Use an initial guess 7 5 Interpreting results 7 6 Plotting to find guesses 7 7 Using variables in equations 7 10 8 Statistics aplet About the Statistics aplet 8 1 Getting started with the Statistics aplet 8 1 Entering and editing statistical data 8 6 Defining a regression model 8 12 Computed sta...

Page 5: ... Interval 9 17 One Sample T Interval 9 18 Two Sample T Interval 9 19 10 Using the Finance Solver Calculating Amortizations 10 7 11 Using mathematical functions Math functions 11 1 The MATH menu 11 1 Math functions by category 11 2 Keyboard functions 11 3 Calculus functions 11 6 Complex number functions 11 7 Constants 11 8 Hyperbolic trigonometry 11 8 List functions 11 9 Loop functions 11 9 Matrix ...

Page 6: ...s 13 4 Matrix arithmetic 13 6 Solving systems of linear equations 13 8 Matrix functions and commands 13 9 Argument conventions 13 10 Matrix functions 13 10 Examples 13 13 14 Lists Displaying and editing lists 14 4 Deleting lists 14 6 Transmitting lists 14 6 List functions 14 6 Finding statistical values for list elements 14 9 15 Notes and sketches Introduction 15 1 Aplet note view 15 1 Aplet sketc...

Page 7: ...commands 16 25 Stat One and Stat Two commands 16 28 Stat Two commands 16 29 Storing and retrieving variables in programs 16 30 Plot view variables 16 30 Symbolic view variables 16 37 Numeric view variables 16 39 Note variables 16 42 Sketch variables 16 42 17 Extending aplets Creating new aplets based on existing aplets 17 1 Using a customized aplet 17 3 Resetting an aplet 17 3 Annotating an aplet ...

Page 8: ... R 4 Variables R 6 Home variables R 6 Function aplet variables R 7 Parametric aplet variables R 8 Polar aplet variables R 9 Sequence aplet variables R 10 Solve aplet variables R 11 Statistics aplet variables R 12 MATH menu categories R 13 Math functions R 13 Program constants R 15 Program commands R 16 Status messages R 17 Limiting Warranty Service W 3 Regulatory information W 5 Index ...

Page 9: ...at http www hp com calculators Manual conventions The following conventions are used in this manual to represent the keys that you press and the menu options that you choose to perform the described operations Key presses are represented as follows etc Shift keys that is the key functions that you access by pressing the key first are represented as follows CLEAR MODES ACOS etc Numbers and letters ...

Page 10: ... of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and Hewlett Packard Company shall not be liable for any errors or for incidental or consequential damage in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this manual and the examples herein Copyright 2003 Hewlette Packard Development Company L P The programs that control your hp 39g are copyrighted and all rights are reserved Reproduc...

Page 11: ...r several minutes of inactivity All stored and displayed information is saved If you see the annunciator or the Low Bat message then the calculator needs fresh batteries HOME is the calculator s home view and is common to all aplets If you want to perform calculations or you want to quit the current activity such as an aplet a program or an editor press All mathematical functions are available in ...

Page 12: ...ow key on the calculator keyboard Edit line The line of current entry History The HOME display shows up to four lines of history the most recent input and output Older lines scroll off the top of the display but are retained in memory Title The name of the current aplet is displayed at the top of the HOME view RAD GRD DEG specify whether Radians Grads or Degrees angle mode is set for HOME The T an...

Page 13: ...mation The keyboard Menu keys Annunciator Description Shift in effect for next keystroke To cancel press again α Alpha in effect for next keystroke To cancel press again Low battery power Busy Data is being transferred via infrared or cable Menu Key Labels Menu Keys Cursor Aplet Control Alpha Key Shift Key Enter Keys Key Keys ...

Page 14: ... 16 Displays the Plot view for the current aplet See Plot view on page 1 17 Displays the Numeric view for the current aplet See Numeric view on page 1 17 Displays the HOME view See HOME is the calculator s home view and is common to all aplets If you want to perform calculations or you want to quit the current activity such as an aplet a program or an editor press All mathematical functions are av...

Page 15: ...on In calculations acts like When or is present as a menu key acts the same as pressing or Enters a negative number To enter 25 press 25 Note this is not the same operation that the subtract button performs Enters the independent variable by inserting X T θ or N into the edit line depending on the current active aplet Deletes the character under the cursor Acts as a backspace key if the cursor is ...

Page 16: ...on Press the key to access the operations printed in blue above the keys For instance to access the Modes screen press then press MODES is labeled in blue above the key You do not need to hold down when you press HOME This action is depicted in this manual as press MODES To cancel a shift press again The alphabetic keys are also shifted keystrokes For instance to type Z press Z The letters are pri...

Page 17: ...metic like and trigonometric like functions Press to complete the operation 256 displays 16 MATH menu Press to open the MATH menu The MATH menu is a comprehensive list of math functions that do not appear on the keyboard It also includes categories for all other functions and constants The functions are grouped by category ranging in alphabetical order from Calculus to Trigonometry The arrow keys ...

Page 18: ...ing alpha character Program commands Pressing CMDS displays the list of Program Commands See Programming commands on page 16 13 Inactive keys If you press a key that does not operate in the current context a warning symbol like this appears There is no beep Menus A menu offers you a choice of items Menus are displayed in one or two columns The arrow in the display means more items below The arrow ...

Page 19: ... the Matrix category in press the Alpha M key To go up a page you can press To go down a page press To cancel a menu Press for CANCEL or This cancels the current operation Input forms An input form shows several fields of information for you to examine and specify After highlighting the field to edit you can enter or edit a number or expression You can also select options from a list Some input fo...

Page 20: ...d in both HOME and current aplet To further configure an aplet you use the SETUP keys and Press MODES to access the HOME MODES input form Setting Options Angle Measure Angle values are Degrees 360 degrees in a circle Radians 2π radians in a circle Grads 400 grads in a circle The angle mode you set is the angle setting used in both HOME and the current aplet This is done to ensure that trigonometri...

Page 21: ...isplays result with an exponent that is a multiple of 3 and the specified number of significant digits beyond the first one Example 123 456E7 becomes 1 23E9 in Engineering 2 format Fraction Displays results as fractions based on the specified number of decimal places Examples 123 456789 becomes 123 in Fraction 2 format and 333 becomes 1 3 and 0 142857 becomes 1 7 See Using fractions on page 1 25 D...

Page 22: ...ngle measure changes to degrees 4 Press to return to HOME H I N T Whenever an input form has a list of choices for a field you can press to cycle through them instead of using Aplets E lessons Aplets are the application environments where you explore different classes of mathematical operations You select the aplet that you want to work with Aplets come from a variety of sources Built in the hp 39...

Page 23: ...configuration settings for these aplets Aplet name Use this aplet to explore Function Real valued rectangular functions y in terms of x Example Inference Confidence intervals and Hypothesis tests based on the Normal and Students t distributions Parametric Parametric relations x and y in terms of t Example x cos t and y sin t Polar Polar functions r in terms of an angle θ Example Sequence Sequence ...

Page 24: ...led documentation and an accompanying student work sheet can be found at HP s web site Press select Quad Explorer and then press The Quad Explorer aplet opens in mode in which the arrow keys the and keys and the key are used to change the shape of the graph This changing shape is reflected in the equation displayed at the top right corner of the screen while the original graph is retained for comp...

Page 25: ...he equation and seeing the change in the graph or by manipulating the graph and seeing the change in the equation Press select Trig Explorer and then press to display the screen shown right In this mode the graph controls the equation Pressing the and keys transforms the graph with these transformations reflected in the equation The button labelled is a toggle between and When is chosen the point ...

Page 26: ... library menu Select the aplet and press or From within an aplet you can return to HOME any time by pressing Aplet views When you have configured an aplet to define the relation or data that you want to explore you can display it in different views Here are illustrations of the three major aplet views Symbolic Plot and Numeric the six supporting aplet views from the VIEWS menu and the two user def...

Page 27: ...ayed in tabular format See About the numeric view on page 2 16 for further information Plot Table view The VIEWS menu contains the Plot Table view Select Plot Table Splits the screen into the plot and the data table See Other views for scaling and splitting the graph on page 2 14 for futher information Plot Detail view The VIEWS menu contains the Plot Detail view Select Plot Detail Splits the scre...

Page 28: ... another calculator or to a PC A note view contains text to supplement an aplet See Notes and sketches on page 15 1 for further information Sketch view Press SKETCH to display the aplet s sketch view Displays pictures to supplement an aplet See Notes and sketches on page 15 1 for further information Aplet view configuration You use the SETUP keys and to configure the aplet For example press SETUP ...

Page 29: ...n save an aplet configuration that you have used and transfer the aplet to other hp 39g calculators See Sending and receiving aplets on page 17 4 Mathematical calculations The most commonly used math operations are available from the keyboard Access to the rest of the math functions is via the MATH menu To access programming commands press CMDS See Programming commands on page 16 13 for further in...

Page 30: ...en press Negative numbers Type to start a negative number or to insert a negative sign To raise a negative number to a power enclose it in parentheses For example 5 2 25 whereas 52 25 Scientific notation powers of 10 A number like or is written in scientific notation that is in terms of powers of ten This is simpler to work with than 50000 or 0 000000321 To enter numbers like these use EEX This is...

Page 31: ...e is displayed Invalid User Function This is because the calculator interprets A B 4 as meaning evaluate function A at the value B 4 and function A does not exist When in doubt insert the sign manually Parentheses You need to use parentheses to enclose arguments for functions such as SIN 45 You can omit the final parenthesis at the end of an edit line The calculator inserts it automatically Parent...

Page 32: ...umber the hp 39g can represent is 1 10 499 1E 499 A smaller result is displayed as zero The largest number is 9 99999999999 10499 1E499 A greater result is displayed as this number Clearing numbers clears the character under the cursor When the cursor is positioned after the last character deletes the character to the left of the cursor that is it performs the same as a backspace key CANCEL clears...

Page 33: ...e is an expression containing the ANS the calculation is repeated iteratively Example See how ANS retrieves and reuses the last result 50 and updates ANS from 50 to 75 to 100 50 25 You can use the last result as the first expression in the edit line without pressing ANS Pressing or or other operators that require a preceding argument automatically enters ANS before the operator You can reuse any o...

Page 34: ...ssing ANS copies the last result as ANS into the edit line Storing a value in a variable You can save an answer in a variable and use the variable in later calculations There are 27 variables available for storing real values These are A to Z and θ See Chapter 12 Variables and memory management for more information on variables For example 1 Perform a calculation 45 8 3 2 Store the result in the A...

Page 35: ...at all your previous inputs and results are saved until you clear them Using fractions To work with fractions in HOME you set the number format to Fractions as follows Setting Fraction mode 1 In HOME open the HOME MODES input form MODES Key Function Scrolls through the display history Copies the highlighted expression to the position of the cursor in the edit line Displays the current expression i...

Page 36: ... 39g converts a decimal value to a fraction The greater the precision value that is set the closer the fraction is to the decimal value By choosing a precision of 1 you are saying that the fraction only has to match 0 234 to at least 1 decimal place 3 13 is 0 23076 The fractions used are found using the technique of continued fractions When converting recurring decimals this can be important For e...

Page 37: ...s You use the key to separate the numerator part and the denominator part of the fraction To enter a mixed fraction for example 11 2 you enter it in the format 1 1 2 For example to perform the following calculation 3 23 4 57 8 1 Set the Number format mode to Fraction and specify a precision value of 4 Select Fraction MODES Select Fraction 4 ...

Page 38: ...hen converting a decimal to a fraction keep the following points in mind When converting a recurring decimal to a fraction set the fraction precision to about 6 and ensure that you include more than six decimal places in the recurring decimal that you enter In this example the fraction precision is set to 6 The top calculation returns the correct result The bottom one does not To convert an exact ...

Page 39: ...numbers Enter the number in either of these forms where x is the real part y is the imaginary part and i is the imaginary constant x y or x iy To enter i press or press or keys to select Constant to move to the right column of the menu to select i and Storing complex numbers There are 10 variables available for storing complex numbers Z0 to Z9 To store a complex number in a variable Enter the comp...

Page 40: ...ate or modify items and numbers for example a note or a matrix Catalog Editor Contents Aplet library Aplets Sketch editor SKETCH Sketches and diagrams See Chapter 15 Notes and sketches List LIST Lists In HOME lists are enclosed in See Chapter 14 Lists Matrix MATRIX One and two dimensional arrays In HOME arrays are enclosed in See Chapter 13 Matrices Notepad NOTEPAD Notes short text entries See Cha...

Page 41: ...o 10 different definitions for each Function Parametric Polar and Sequence aplet You can graph any of the relations in the same aplet simultaneously by selecting them Defining an expression Symbolic view Choose the aplet from the Aplet Library Press or to select an aplet The Function Parametric Polar and Sequence aplets start in the Symbolic view If the highlight is on an existing expression scrol...

Page 42: ...er an expression to define R θ The only independent variable in the expression is θ For a Sequence definition either Enter the first and second terms for U U1 or U9 or U0 Define the nth term of the sequence in terms of N or of the prior terms U N 1 and U N 2 The expressions should produce real valued sequences with integer domains Or define the nth term as a non recursive expression in terms of n ...

Page 43: ... a function in Symbolic view press If a function calls another function then resolves all references to other functions in terms of their independent variable 1 Choose the Function aplet Select Function 2 Enter the expressions in the Function aplet s Symbolic view A B F1 F2 3 Highlight F3 X 4 Press Note how the values for F1 X and F2 X are substituted into F3 X ...

Page 44: ... set of expressions Only checked expression s are evaluated in the Plot and Numeric views Enters the independent variable in the Function aplet Or you can use the key on the keyboard Enters the independent variable in the Parametric aplet Or you can use the key on the keyboard Enters the independent variable in the Polar aplet Or you can use the key on the keyboard Enters the independent variable ...

Page 45: ...number to enter type it in and press or If there is an option to choose press highlight your choice and press or As a shortcut to just highlight the field to change and press to cycle through the options If there is an option to select or deselect press to check or uncheck it 2 Press to view more settings 3 When done press to view the new plot Displays the menu for entering math operations CHARS D...

Page 46: ...plet Specifies the t values T for the graph θRNG Polar aplet Specifies the angle θ value range for the graph NRNG Sequence aplet Specifies the index N values for the graph TSTEP For Parametric plots the increment for the independent variable θSTEP For Polar plots the increment value for the independent variable SEQPLOT For Sequence aplet Stairstep or Cobweb types XTICK Horizontal spacing for tickm...

Page 47: ... The following table details the keys that you use to work with the graph CONNECT Connect the plotted points The Sequence aplet always connects them LABELS Label the axes with XRNG and YRNG values AXES Draw the axes GRID Draw grid points using XTICK and YTICK spacing Field Meaning Continued Key Meaning CLEAR Erases the plot and axes Offers additional pre defined views for splitting the screen and ...

Page 48: ...ing you a view of more of the plot To move between relations If there is more than one relation displayed press or to move between relations Turns menu key labels on and off When the labels are off pressing turns them back on Pressing once displays the full row of labels Pressing a second time removes the row of labels to display only the graph Pressing a third time displays the coordinate mode Di...

Page 49: ...om in or zoom out and whether the zoom is centered about the cursor ZOOM options Press select an option and press If is not displayed press Not all options are available in all aplets Option Meaning Center Re centers the plot around the current position of the cursor without changing the scale Box Lets you draw a box to zoom in on See Other views for scaling and splitting the graph on page 2 14 In...

Page 50: ...tative piece of the plot for the supplied x axis settings For Sequence and Statistics aplets autoscaling rescales both axes The autoscale process uses the first selected function only to determine the best scale to use Decimal Rescales both axes so each pixel 0 1 units Resets default values for XRNG 6 5 to 6 5 and YRNG 3 1 to 3 2 Not in Sequence or Statistics aplets Integer Rescales horizontal axi...

Page 51: ...of Zoom In In Un zoom Un zoom Note Press to move to the bottom of the Zoom list Zoom Out Out Now un zoom X Zoom In X Zoom In Now un zoom Un zoom Returns the display to the previous zoom or if there has been only one zoom un zoom displays the graph with the original plot settings Option Meaning Continued 3 x sin 3 x sin ...

Page 52: ...x zoom The Box Zoom option lets you draw a box around the area you want to zoom in on by selecting the endpoints of one diagonal of the zoom rectangle 1 If necessary press to turn on the menu key labels 2 Press and select Box 3 Position the cursor on one corner of the rectangle Press 4 Use the cursor keys etc to drag to the opposite corner ...

Page 53: ...actors and press 4 Enter the zoom factors There is one zoom factor for the horizontal scale XZOOM and one for the vertical scale YZOOM Zooming out multiplies the scale by the factor so that a greater scale distance appears on the screen Zooming in divides the scale by the factor so that a shorter scale distance appears on the screen ...

Page 54: ...lect an option and press Option Meaning Plot Detail Splits the screen into the plot and a close up Plot Table Splits the screen into the plot and the data table Overlay Plot Plots the current expression s without erasing any pre existing plot s Auto Scale Rescales the vertical axis so that the display shows a representative piece of the plot for the supplied x axis settings For Sequence and Statis...

Page 55: ...ation display and so on moves the leftmost cursor to the screen s left edge and moves the rightmost cursor to the screen s right edge The menu key copies the right plot to the left plot 3 To un split the screen press The left side takes over the whole screen The Plot Table view gives you two simultaneous views of the plot 1 Press Select Plot Table and press The screen displays the plot on the left...

Page 56: ...he current aplet Decimal scaling Decimal scaling is the default scaling If you have changed the scaling to Trig or Integer you can change it back with Decimal Integer scaling Integer scaling compresses the axes so that each pixel is and the origin is near the screen center Trigonometric scaling Use trigonometric scaling whenever you are plotting an expression that includes trigonometric functions ...

Page 57: ... the Plot Setup into NUMSTART and NUMSTEP Effectively the menu key allows you to make the table match the pixel columns in the graph view 2 When done press to view the table of numbers Numeric view settings The following table details the fields on the Numeric Setup input form Field Meaning NUMSTART The independent variable s starting value NUMSTEP The size of the increment from one independent va...

Page 58: ...gles between two character sizes Displays the defining function expression for the highlighted column To cancel this display press Option Meaning In Decreases the intervals for the independent variable so a narrower range is shown Uses the NUMZOOM factor in Numeric Setup Out Increases the intervals for the independent variable so that a wider range is shown Uses the NUMZOOM factor in Numeric Setup...

Page 59: ...MTYPE is Automatic which fills the table with data for regular intervals of the independent X T θ or N variable With the NUMTYPE option set to Build Your Own you fill the table yourself by typing in the independent variable values you want The dependent values are then calculated and displayed Build a table 1 Start with an expression defined in Symbolic view in the aplet of your choice Note Functi...

Page 60: ... X column Key Meaning Puts the highlighted independent value X T θ or N into the edit line Pressing replaces this variable with its current value Inserts a row of zero values at the position of the highlight Replace a zero by typing the number you want and pressing Sorts the independent variable values into ascending or descending order Press and select the ascending or descending option from the ...

Page 61: ...lues you need to define two equations as follows and 1 In the Function aplet specify the functions Select Function 9 9 2 Reset the graph setup to the default settings SETUP PLOT CLEAR 3 Plot the two functions and hide the menu so that you can see all the circle 4 Reset the numeric setup to the default settings SETUP NUM CLEAR y 9 x 2 y 9 x 2 y 9 x 2 ...

Page 62: ...2 22 Aplets and their views 5 Display the functions in numeric form ...

Page 63: ...s of the Function aplet by stepping you through an example See Aplet views on page 2 1 for further information about the functionality of the Symbolic Numeric and Plot views Getting started with the Function aplet The following example involves two functions a linear function and a quadratic equation Open the Function aplet 1 Open the Function aplet Select Function The Function aplet starts in the...

Page 64: ... all lines 1 3 2 Set up the plot You can change the scales of the x and y axes graph resolution and the spacing of the axis ticks 3 Display plot settings SETUP PLOT Note For our example you can leave the plot settings at their default values since we will be using the Auto Scale feature to choose an appropriate y axis for our x axis settings If your settings do not match this example press CLEAR t...

Page 65: ...ss of your graphs In this example choose Auto Scale See VIEWS menu options on page 2 14 for a description of Auto Scale Select Auto Scale Trace a graph 7 Trace the linear function 6 times Note By default the tracer is active 8 Jump from the linear function to the quadratic function ...

Page 66: ...functions on page 3 10 for further information To find a root of the quadratic function 10 Move the cursor to the graph of the quadratic equation by pressing the or key Then move the cursor so that it is near by pressing the or key Select Root The root value is displayed at the bottom of the screen Note If there is more than one root as in our example the coordinates of the root closest to the cur...

Page 67: ...rdinates of the intersection point closest to the current cursor position are displayed To find the slope of the quadratic function 13 Find the slope of the quadratic function at the intersection point Select Slope The slope value is displayed at the bottom of the screen To find the signed area of the two functions 14 To find the area between the two functions in the range 2 x 1 first move the cur...

Page 68: ...cursor jumps to x 2 on the linear function 18 Display the numerical value of the integral Note See Shading area on page 3 11 for another method of calculating area To find the extremum of the quadratic 19 Move the cursor to the quadratic equation and find the extremum of the quadratic Select Extremum The coordinates of the extremum are displayed at the bottom of the screen x 1 ...

Page 69: ... the cursor You need to re locate the cursor to find other roots or extrema that may exist Display the numeric view 20 Display the numeric view Set up the table 21 Display the numeric setup SETUP NUM See Setting up the table Numeric view setup on page 2 17 for more information 22 Match the table settings to the pixel columns in the graph view Explore the table 23 Display the table of values ...

Page 70: ...To access the zoom options 26 Zoom in on X 10 by a factor of 4 Note NUMZOOM has a setting of 4 In To change font size 27 Display table numbers in large font To display the symbolic definition of a column 28 Display the symbolic definition for the F1 column The symbolic definition of F1 is displayed at the bottom of the screen ...

Page 71: ... on the currently selected graph The results of the FCN functions are saved in the following variables Area Extremum Isect Root Slope For example if you use the Root function to find the root of a plot you can use the result in calculations in HOME Access FCN variables The FCN variables are contained on the VARS menu To access FCN variables in HOME Select Plot FCN or to choose a variable To access...

Page 72: ...xtremum to find the maximum or minimum of the current function nearest the cursor This displays the coordinate values and moves the cursor to the extremum The resulting value is saved in a variable named EXTREMUM Slope Select Slope to find the numeric derivative at the current position of the cursor The result is saved in a variable named SLOPE Signed area Select Signed area to find the numeric in...

Page 73: ...Signed area and press 7 Press choose the function that will act as the boundary of the shaded area and press 8 Press the or key to shade in the area 9 Press to calculate the area The area measurement is displayed near the bottom of the screen To remove the shading press to re draw the plot Intersection Select Intersection to find the intersection of two graphs nearest the cursor You need to have a...

Page 74: ...he Function aplet Select Function 2 Highlight the line you want to use and enter the expression You can press to delete an existing line or CLEAR to clear all lines 2 CHARS 1 CHARS 1 AND CHARS 1 4 CHARS 1 Note You can use the menu key to assist in the entry of equations It has the same effect as pressing f x x 2 x 1 x 2 1 x 1 4 x x 1 ...

Page 75: ...tions of t They take the forms and Getting started with the Parametric aplet The following example uses the parametric equations Note This example will produce a circle For this example to work the angle measure must be set to degrees Open the Parametric aplet 1 Open the Parametric aplet Select Parametric Define the expressions 2 Define the expressions 3 3 x f t y g t x t 3 t y t 3 t cos sin ...

Page 76: ...ptions PLOT The Plot Setup input form has two fields not included in the Function aplet TRNG and TSTEP TRNG specifies the range of t values TSTEP specifies the step value between t values 5 Set the TRNG and TSTEP so that t steps from 0 to 360 in 5 steps 360 5 Plot the expression 6 Plot the expression 7 To see all the circle press twice ...

Page 77: ...g trace zoom split screen and scaling functionality available in the Function aplet See Exploring the graph on page 2 7 for further information Display the numbers 9 Display the table of values You can highlight a t value type in a replacement value and see the table jump to that value You can also zoom in or zoom out on any t value in the table You are able to explore the table using build your o...

Page 78: ......

Page 79: ...e the Function aplet the Polar aplet opens in the Symbolic view Define the expression 2 Define the polar equation 2 π 2 Specify plot settings 3 Specify the plot settings In this example we will use the default settings except for the θRNG fields SETUP PLOT CLEAR 4 π Plot the expression 4 Plot the expression r 2π θ 2 θ 2 cos cos ...

Page 80: ...e as those found in the Function aplet See Exploring the graph on page 2 7 for further information Display the numbers 6 Display the table of values for θ and R1 The Numeric view options available are the same as those found in the Function aplet See Exploring the table of numbers on page 2 18 for further information ...

Page 81: ...ination of the above The Sequence aplet allows you to create two types of graphs A Stairsteps graph plots n on the horizontal axis and Un on the vertical axis A Cobweb graph plots Un 1 on the horizontal axis and Un on the vertical axis Getting started with the Sequence aplet The following example defines and then plots an expression in the Sequence aplet Open the Sequence aplet 1 Open the Sequence...

Page 82: ...1 field and begin defining your sequence 1 1 Note You can use the and menu keys to assist in the entry of equations Specify plot settings 3 In Plot Setup first set the SEQPLOT option to Stairstep Reset the default plot settings by clearing the Plot Setup view SETUP PLOT CLEAR 8 8 Plot the sequence 4 Plot the Fibonacci sequence 5 In Plot Setup set the SEQPLOT option to Cobweb SETUP PLOT U1 1 U2 1 U...

Page 83: ...Sequence aplet 6 3 Select Cobweb Display the table 6 Display the table of values for this example ...

Page 84: ......

Page 85: ...r the unknown variable that makes the expression have a value of zero You can use the Solve aplet to solve an equation for any one of its variables When the Solve aplet is started it opens in the Solve Symbolic view In Symbolic view you specify the expression or equation to solve You can define up to ten equations or expressions named E0 to E9 Each equation can contain up to 27 real variables name...

Page 86: ...a car from 16 67 m sec 60 kph to 27 78 m sec 100 kph in a distance of 100 m The equation to solve is Open the Solve aplet 1 Open the Solve aplet Select Solve The Solve aplet starts in the symbolic view Define the equation 2 Define the equation V U 2 A D Note You can use the menu key to assist in the entry of equations Enter known variables 3 Display the Solve numeric view screen V 2 U 2 2AD ...

Page 87: ...roximately 2 47 m s2 Because the variable A in the equation is linear we know that we need not look for any other solutions Plot the equation The Plot view shows one graph for each side of the selected equation You can choose any of the variables to be the independent variable The current equation is One of these is with that is This graph will be a horizontal line The other graph will be with and...

Page 88: ...instead of using the Numeric view Solve option See Plotting to find guesses on page 7 7 for more information Solve aplet s NUM view keys The Solve aplet s NUM view keys are Key Meaning Copies the highlighted value to the edit line for editing Press when done Displays a message about the solution see Interpreting results on page 7 6 Displays other pages of variables if any Displays the symbolic def...

Page 89: ...tion In this case only the solution closest to the initial guess is returned Number format You can change the number format for the Solve aplet in the Numeric Setup view The options are the same as in HOME MODES Standard Fixed Scientific and Engineering For the latter three you also specify how many digits of accuracy you want See Mode settings on page 1 10 for more information You might find it h...

Page 90: ...annot find a point in between where the value is zero This might be because either the two points are neighbours they differ by one in the twelfth digit or the equation is not real valued between the two points Solve returns the point where the value is closer to zero If the value of the equation is a continuous real function this point is Solve s best approximation of an actual root Extremum Solv...

Page 91: ...ession evaluated at each guess For example 2 2 219330555745 1 21 31111111149 You can watch as the root finder either finds a sign reversal or converges on a local extrema or does not converge at all If there is no convergence in process you might want to cancel the operation press and start over with a different initial guess Plotting to find guesses The main reason for plotting in the Solve aplet...

Page 92: ...he equation Select Solve X V T A T 2 2 Find the solution for T time when X 30 V 2 and A 4 Enter the values for X V and A then highlight the independent variable T 30 2 4 to highlight T 3 Use the Plot view to find an initial guess for T First set appropriate X and Y ranges in the Plot Setup With equation X V x T A x T 2 2 the plot will produce two graphs one for and one for X V x T A x T 2 2 Since ...

Page 93: ...so we want to find the solution for the intersection on the right side of the y axis 6 Return to the Numeric view Note the T value is filled in with the position of the cursor from the Plot view 7 Ensure that the T value is highlighted and solve the equation Use this equation to solve for another variable such as velocity How fast must a body s initial velocity be in order for it to travel 50 m wi...

Page 94: ...p in the Numeric view for this Solve equation When you then redefine the value for T in this Solve equation that value is applied to T in all other contexts until it is changed again This sharing allows you to work on the same problem in different places such as HOME and the Solve aplet without having to update the value whenever it is recalculated H I N T As the Solve aplet uses existing variable...

Page 95: ...so compute statistics values in HOME and recall the values of specific statistics variables The values computed in the Statistics aplet are saved in variables and many of these variables are listed by the function accessible from the Statistics aplet s Numeric view screen Getting started with the Statistics aplet The following example asks you to enter and analyze the advertising and sales data in...

Page 96: ...ypes of statistical explorations one variable or two variable The 5th menu key label in the Numeric view toggles between these two options and shows the current option 2 Select You need to select because in this example we are analyzing a dataset comprising two variables advertising minutes and resulting sales Enter data 3 Enter the data into the columns 2 1 3 5 5 4 to move to the next column 1400...

Page 97: ...t one S1 5 Specify the columns that hold the data you want to analyze You could have entered your data into columns other than C1 and C2 Explore statistics 6 Find the mean advertising time MEANX and the mean sales MEANY MEANX is 3 3 minutes and MEANY is about 1796 7 Scroll down to display the value for the correlation coefficient CORR The CORR value indicates how well the linear model fits the dat...

Page 98: ... Plot the graph Draw the regression curve 10 Draw the regression curve a curve to fit the data points This draws the regression line for the best linear fit Display the equation for best linear fit 11 Return to the Symbolic view 12 Display the equation for the best linear fit to move to the FIT1 field The full FIT1 expression is shown The slope m is 425 875 The y intercept b is 376 25 ...

Page 99: ...cted sales figure if advertising were to go up to 6 minutes S to highlight Stat Two to highlight PREDY 6 14 Return to the Plot view 15 Jump to the indicated point on the regression line 6 Observe the predicted y value in the left bottom corner of the screen ...

Page 100: ...in HOME L1 C1 stores a copy of the list L1 into the data column variable C1 Statistics aplet s NUM view keys The Statistics aplet s Numeric view keys are Key Meaning Copies the highlighted item into the edit line Inserts a zero value above the highlighted cell Sorts the specified independent data column in ascending or descending order and rearranges a specified dependent or frequency data column ...

Page 101: ...5cm 180cm 1 Open the Statistics aplet Select Statistics 2 Enter the measurement data 160 165 170 175 180 Deletes the currently highlighted value CLEAR Clears the current column or all columns of data Pregss CLEAR to display a menu list then select the current column or all columns option and press cursor key Moves to the first or last row or first or last column Key Meaning Continued ...

Page 102: ...s of data from the Statistics Symbolic setup view 4 Press to close the statistics window and press key to see the data set definitions The first column indicates the associated column of data for each data set definition and the second column indicates the constant frequency or the column that holds the frequencies The keys you can use from this window are Key Meaning Copies the column variable or...

Page 103: ... expression in standard mathematical form Press when done Evaluates the variables in the highlighted column C1 etc expression Displays the menu for entering variable names or contents of variables Displays the menu for entering math operations Deletes the highlighted variable or the current character in the edit line CLEAR Resets default specifications for the data sets or clears the edit line if ...

Page 104: ...e table 5 3 8 2 1 8 Display the computed statistics The mean height is approximately 167 63cm 9 Setup a histogram plot for the data SETUP PLOT Enter set up information appropriate to your data 10 Plot a histogram of the data Save data The data that you enter is automatically saved When you are finished entering data values you can press a key for another Statistics view like or you can switch to a...

Page 105: ...t All columns Insert data Highlight the entry following the point of insertion Press then enter a number It will write over the zero that was inserted Sort data values 1 In Numeric view highlight the column you want to sort and press 2 Specify the Sort Order You can choose either Ascending or Descending 3 Specify the INDEPENDENT and DEPENDENT data columns Sorting is by the independent column For i...

Page 106: ...ment mode unless your Fit definition in Symbolic view involves a trigonometric function In this case you should specify in the mode screen whether the trigonometric units are to be interpreted in degrees radians or grads To choose the fit 1 In Numeric view make sure is set 2 Press SETUP SYMB to display the Symbolic Setup view Highlight the Fit number S1FIT to S5FIT you want to define 3 Press and s...

Page 107: ... Setup view to User Defined Computed statistics One variable Quadratic Fits to a quadratic curve y ax2 bx c Needs at least three points Cubic Fits to a cubic curve y ax3 bx2 cx d Needs at least four points Logistic Fits to a logistic curve where L is the saturation value for growth You can store a positive real value in L or if L 0 let L be computed automatically User Defined Define your own expre...

Page 108: ...value of data set PVARΣ Population variance of data set SVARΣ Sample variance of data set PSDEV Population standard deviation of data set SSDEV Sample standard deviation of data set MINΣ Minimum data value in data set Q1 First quartile median of values to left of median MEDIAN Median value of data set Q3 Third quartile median of values to right of median MAXΣ Maximum data value in data set Statist...

Page 109: ... plot 2 For one variable data select the plot type in Plot Setup SETUP PLOT Highlight STATPLOT press select either Histogram or BoxWhisker and press ΣY2 Sum of y2 values ΣXY Sum of each xy SCOV Sample covariance of independent and dependent data columns PCOV Population covariance of independent and dependent data columns CORR Correlation coefficient of the independent and dependent data columns fo...

Page 110: ...r where the cursor is starts at 0 and ends at 2 not including 2 and the frequency for this column that is the number of data elements that fall between 0 and 2 is 1 You can see information about the next bar by pressing the key Box and Whisker Plot One variable statistics The left whisker marks the minimum data value The box marks the first quartile the median where the cursor is and the third qua...

Page 111: ...he y intercept 2 2657 Correlation coefficient The correlation coefficient is stored in the CORR variable It is a measure of fit to a linear curve only Regardless of the Fit model you have chosen CORR relates to the linear model Relative Error The relative error is a measure of the error between predicted values and actual values based on the specified Fit A smaller number means a better fit The re...

Page 112: ...am bar This determines how many bars will fit in the display as well as how the data is distributed how many values each bar represents Histogram range HRNG enables you to specify the range of values for a set of histogram bars The range runs from the left edge of the leftmost bar to the right edge of the rightmost bar You can limit the range to exclude any values you suspect are outliers Plotting...

Page 113: ...re the same length In mode ensure that a paired column of frequency values is the same length as the data column that it refers to Exploring the graph The Plot view has menu keys for zooming tracing and coordinate display There are also scaling options under These options are described in Exploring the graph on page 2 7 Statistics aplet s PLOT view keys Key Meaning CLEAR Erases the plot Offers add...

Page 114: ...and the predicted value of Y In HOME Enter PREDX y value to find the predicted value for the independent variable given a hypothetical dependent value Enter PREDY x value to find the predicted value of the dependent variable given a hypothetical independent variable Turns fit mode on or off Turning on draws a curve to fit the data points according to the current regression model 2var statistics on...

Page 115: ...names from the MATH menu under the Stat Two category H I N T In cases where more than one fit curve is displayed the PREDY function uses the most recently calculated curve In order to avoid errors with this function uncheck all fits except the one that you want to work with or use the Plot View method ...

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Page 117: ...ss an input form for an Inference test by default the input form contains example data This example data is designed to return meaningful results that relate to the test It is useful for gaining an understanding of what the test does and for demonstrating the test The calculator s on line help provides a description of what the example data represents Getting started with the Inference aplet This ...

Page 118: ...rious views present Hypothesis Tests Confidence Intervals Z 1 µ the Z Test on 1 mean Z Int 1 µ the confidence interval for 1 mean based on the Normal distribution Z µ1 µ2 the Z Test on the difference of two means Z Int µ1 µ2 the confidence interval for the difference of two means based on the Normal distribution Z 1 π the Z Test on 1 proportion Z Int 1 π the confidence interval for 1 proportion ba...

Page 119: ...Z Test 1 µ 4 Select an alternative hypothesis µ µ0 Enter data 5 Enter the sample statistics and population parameters setup NUM The table below lists the fields in this view for our current Z Test 1 µ example Field name Definition µ0 Assumed population mean σ Population standard deviation Sample mean n Sample size α Alpha level for the test x ...

Page 120: ...lts 9 Display a graphic view of the test results Horizontal axes are presented for both the distribution variable and the test statistic A generic bell curve represents the probability distribution function Vertical lines mark the critical value s of the test as well as the value of the test statistic The rejection region is marked and the test numeric results are displayed between the horizontal ...

Page 121: ...ark setting in the Modes input form modes is set to Comma use instead of 3 If necessary select 1 variable statistics Do this by pressing the fifth menu key until is displayed as its menu label Calculate statistics 4 Calculate statistics The mean of 0 592 seems a little large compared to the expected value of 0 5 To see if the difference is statistically significant we will use the statistics compu...

Page 122: ...ference Select inference method and type 7 Select an inference method Select CONF INTERVAL 8 Select a distribution statistic type Select T Int 1 µ Set up the interval calculation 9 Set up the interval calculation Note The default values are derived from sample data from the on line help example Setup NUM ...

Page 123: ... Specify a 90 confidence interval in the C field to move to the C field 0 9 DisplayNumeric view 12 Display the confidence interval in the Numeric view Note The interval setting is 0 5 Display Plot view 13 Display the confidence interval in the Plot view You can see from the second text row that the mean is contained within the 90 confidence interval CI of 0 3469814 to 0 8370186 Note The graph is a...

Page 124: ...e Z Test Menu name Z Test 1 µ On the basis of statistics from a single sample the One Sample Z Test measures the strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis The null hypothesis is that the population mean equals a specified value Η0 µ µ0 You select one of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis Inputs The inputs are H1 µ1 µ2...

Page 125: ... µ2 You select one of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis Inputs The inputs are Result Description Test Z Z test statistic Prob Probability associated with the Z Test statistic Critical Z Boundary values of Z associated with the α level that you supplied Critical Boundary values of required by the α value that you supplied x x H1 µ1 µ2 H1 µ1 µ2 H1 µ1 µ2 F...

Page 126: ...esis is that the proportion of successes in the two populations is equal H0 π π0 You select one of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis σ2 Population 2 standard deviation α Significance level Field name Definition Result Description Test Z Z Test statistic Prob Probability associated with the Z Test statistic Critical Z Boundary value of Z associated with ...

Page 127: ... the proportion of successes in the two populations is equal H0 π1 π2 You select one of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis Field name Definition x Number of successes in the sample n Sample size π0 Population proportion of successes α Significance level Result Description Test P Proportion of successes in the sample Test Z Z Test statistic Prob Probabili...

Page 128: ...ypothesis is that the sample mean has some assumed value Η0 µ µ0 You select one of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis Field name Definition X1 Sample 1 mean X2 Sample 2 mean n1 Sample 1 size n2 Sample 2 size α Significance level Result Description Test π1 π2 Difference between the proportions of successes in the two samples Test Z Z Test statistic Prob P...

Page 129: ...viation n Sample size µ0 Hypothetical population mean α Significance level x Result Description Test T T Test statistic Prob Probability associated with the T Test statistic Critical T Boundary value of T associated with the α level that you supplied Critical Boundary value of required by the α value that you supplied x x ...

Page 130: ...is against the null hypothesis The null hypothesis is that the two populations means are equal H 0 µ1 µ2 You select one of the following alternative hypotheses against which to test the null hypothesis Inputs The inputs are H1 µ1 µ2 H1 µ1 µ2 H1 µ1 µ2 Field name Definition Sample 1 mean Sample 2 mean S1 Sample 1 standard deviation S2 Sample 2 standard deviation n1 Sample 1 size n2 Sample 2 size α S...

Page 131: ...ses the Normal Z distribution to calculate a confidence interval for m the true mean of a population when the true population standard deviation s is known Inputs TheT inputs are Result Description Test T T Test statistic Prob Probability associated with the T Test statistic Critical T Boundary values of T associated with the α level that you supplied Field name Definition Sample mean σ Population...

Page 132: ...eviations σ1 and σ2 are known Inputs The inputs are Results The results are Result Description Critical Z Critical value for Z µ min Lower bound for µ µ max Upper bound for µ Field name Definition Sample 1 mean Sample 2 mean n1 Sample 1 size n2 Sample 2 size σ1 Population 1 standard deviation σ2 Population 2 standard deviation C Confidence level x1 x2 Result Description Critical Z Critical value f...

Page 133: ...s The results are Two Proportion Z Interval Menu name Z INT π1 π2 This option uses the Normal Z distribution to calculate a confidence interval for the difference between the proportions of successes in two populations Inputs The inputs are Field name Definition x Sample success count n Sample size C Confidence level Result Description Critical Z Critical value for Z π Min Lower bound for π π Max ...

Page 134: ...ation standard deviation s is unknown Inputs The inputs are n1 Sample 1 size n2 Sample 2 size C Confidence level Field name Definition Continued Result Description Critical Z Critical value for Z π Min Lower bound for the difference between the proportions of successes π Max Upper bound for the difference between the proportions of successes Field name Definition Sample mean Sx Sample standard dev...

Page 135: ...2 when the population standard deviations s1and s2 are unknown Inputs The inputs are Result Description Critical T Critical value for T µ Min Lower bound for µ µ Max Upper bound for µ Field name Definition Sample 1 mean Sample 2 mean s1 Sample 1 standard deviation s2 Sample 2 standard deviation n1 Sample 1 size n2 Sample 2 size C Confidence level _Pooled Whether or not to pool the samples based on...

Page 136: ...9 20 Inference aplet Results The results are Result Description Critical T Critical value for T µ Min Lower bound for µ1 µ2 µ Max Upper bound for µ1 µ2 ...

Page 137: ...cial problems with your hp 39g calculator Background information on and applications of financial calculations are provided next Background The Finance Solver application provides you with the ability of solving time value of money TVM and amortization problems These problems can be used for calculations involving compound interest applications as well as amortization tables Compound interest is t...

Page 138: ...egments representing the compounding periods Arrows represent the cash flows which could be positive upward arrows or negative downward arrows depending on the point of view of the lender or borrower The following cash flow diagram shows a loan from a borrower s point of view On the other hand the following cash flow diagram shows a load from the lender s point of view In addition cash flow diagra...

Page 139: ...T PMT PMT PMT PMT PV 1 2 3 4 5 FV PMT PMT PMT PMT PMT N The total number of compounding periods or payments I YR The nominal annual interest rate or investment rate This rate is divided by the number of payments per year P YR to compute the nominal interest rate per compounding period which is the interest rate actually used in TVM calculations PV The present value of the initial cash flow To a le...

Page 140: ...ayment mode Beg or End as required 5 Use the arrow keys to highlight the TVM variable you wish to solve for and press the soft monu key PMT The periodic payment amount The payments are the same amount each period and the TVM calculation assumes that no payments are skipped Payments can occur at the beginning or the end of each compounding period an option you control by setting the Payment mode to...

Page 141: ...eriod Solution The following cash flow diagram illustrates the loan calculations Start the Finance Solver selecting P YR 12 and End payment option Enter the known TVM variables as shown in the diagram above Your input form should look as follows Highlighting the PMT field press the soft menu key to obtain a payment of 315 17 i e PMT 315 17 To determine the maximum loan possible if the monthly paym...

Page 142: ... as shown in the diagram above Your input form for calculating monthly payments for the 30 yr mortgage should look as follows Highlighting the PMT field press the soft menu key to obtain a payment of 948 10 i e PMT 948 10 To determine the balloon payment or future value FV for the mortgage after 10 years use N 120 highlight the FV field and press the soft menu key The resulting value is FV 127 164...

Page 143: ...e number of payments to amortize in this batch 5 Press the soft menu key to amortize a batch of payments The calculator will provide for you the amount applied to interest to principal and the remaining balance after this set of payments have been amortized Example 3 Amortization for home mortgage For the data of Example 2 above find the amortization of the loan after the first 10 years 12x10 120 ...

Page 144: ...ey to produce the results shown below To amortize a series of future payments starting at payment p 1 Calculate the balance of the loan at payment p 1 2 Store the new balance in PV using the soft menu key 3 Amortize the series of payments starting at the new PV The amortization operation reads the values from the TVM variables rounds the numbers it gets from PV and PMT to the current display mode ...

Page 145: ...H menu The MATH menu provides access to math functions and programming constants The MATH menu is organized by category For each category of functions on the left there is a list of function names on the right The highlighted category is the current category When you press you see the menu list of Math categories in the left column and the corresponding functions of the highlighted category in the...

Page 146: ...ntax that is the exact order and spelling of a function s name its delimiters punctuation and its arguments Note that the syntax for a function does not require spaces Functions common to keyboard and menus These functions are common to the keyboard and MATH menu π For a description see π on page 11 8 ARG For a description see ARG on page 11 7 For a description see on page 11 7 AND For a descripti...

Page 147: ...rns 148 413159103 Natural logarithm Also accepts complex numbers LN value Example LN 1 returns 0 For a description see COMB 5 2 returns 10 That is there are ten different ways that five things can be combined two at a time on page 11 12 For a description see Σ on page 11 10 EEX For a description see Scientific notation powers of 10 on page 1 20 For a description see on page 11 7 The multiplicative...

Page 148: ...ue Example TAN 45 returns 1 Degrees mode ASIN Arc sine sin 1x Output range is from 90 to 90 π 2 to π 2 or 100 to 100 grads Inputs and outputs depend on the current angle format Also accepts complex numbers ASIN value Example ASIN 1 returns 90 Degrees mode ACOS Arc cosine cos 1x Output range is from 0 to 180 0 to π or 0 to 200 grads Inputs and outputs depend on the current angle format Also accepts...

Page 149: ...rns 45 Degrees mode Square Also accepts complex numbers value2 Example 182 returns 324 Square root Also accepts complex numbers value Example returns 18 Negation Also accepts complex numbers value Example 1 2 returns 1 2 Power x raised to y Also accepts complex numbers value power Example 2 8 returns 256 ABS Absolute value For a complex number this is ABS value ABS x y Example ABS 1 returns 1 ABS ...

Page 150: ...s on page 11 21 variable expression Example s1 s12 3 s1 returns 2 s1 3 Integrates expression from lower to upper limits with respect to the variable of integration To find the definite integral both limits must have numeric values that is be numbers or real variables To find the indefinite integral one of the limits must be a formal variable s1 etc lower upper expression variable See Using formal ...

Page 151: ... hyperbolic functions and with some real number and keyboard functions Enter complex numbers in the form x y where x is the real part and y is the imaginary part ARG Argument Finds the angle defined by a complex number Inputs and outputs use the current angle format set in Modes ARG x y Example ARG 3 3 returns 45 Degrees mode CONJ Complex conjugate Conjugation is the negation sign reversal of the ...

Page 152: ...d as 9 99999999999 x 10499 MAXREAL MINREAL Minimum real number Internally represented as 1x10 499 MINREAL π Internally represented as 3 14159265359 π Hyperbolic trigonometry The hyperbolic trigonometry functions can also take complex numbers as arguments ACOSH Inverse hyperbolic cosine cosh 1 x ACOSH value ASINH Inverse hyperbolic sine sinh 1x ASINH value ATANH Inverse hyperbolic tangent tanh 1x A...

Page 153: ...o EXPM1 value LNP1 Natural log plus 1 ln x 1 This is more accurate than the natural logarithm function when x is close to zero LNP1 value List functions These functions work on list data See List functions on page 14 6 Loop functions The loop functions display a result after evaluating an expression a given number of times ITERATE Repeatedly for times evaluates an expression in terms of variable T...

Page 154: ...pression with respect to variable from initialvalue to finalvalue Σ variable initialvalue finalvalue expression Example Σ C 1 5 C2 returns 55 Matrix functions These functions are for matrix data stored in matrix variables See Matrix functions and commands on page 13 9 Polynomial functions Polynomials are products of constants coefficients and variables raised to powers terms POLYCOEF Polynomial co...

Page 155: ...rns the roots for the nth order polynomial with the specified n 1 coefficients POLYROOT coefficients Example For x4 2x3 25x2 26x 120 POLYROOT 1 2 25 26 120 returns 2 3 4 5 H I N T The results of POLYROOT will often not be easily seen in HOME due to the number of decimal places especially if they are complex numbers It is better to store the results of POLYROOT to a matrix For example POLYROOT 1 0 ...

Page 156: ... time RANDOM Random number between zero and 1 Produced by a pseudo random number sequence The algorithm used in the RANDOM function uses a seed number to begin its sequence To ensure that two calculators must produce different results for the RANDOM function use the RANDSEED function to seed different starting values before using RANDOM to produce the numbers RANDOM H I N T The setting of Time wil...

Page 157: ...the square of the standard deviation UTPN mean variance value UTPT Upper Tail Student s t Probability given degrees of freedom evaluated at value Returns the probability that the Student s t random variable is greater than value UTPT degrees value Real number functions Some real number functions can also take complex arguments CEILING Smallest integer greater than or equal to value CEILING value E...

Page 158: ...mal Converts a number or expression in H MMSSs format time or angle that can include fractions of a second to x x format number of hours or degrees with a decimal fraction HMS H MMSSs Example HMS 8 30 returns 8 5 HMS Decimal to hours minutes seconds Converts a number or expression in x x format number of hours or degrees with a decimal fraction to H MMSSs format time or angle up to fractions of a ...

Page 159: ...inder of value1 value2 value1 MOD value2 Example 9 MOD 4 returns 1 x percent of y that is x 100 y x y Example 20 50 returns 10 CHANGE Percent change from x to y that is 100 y x x CHANGE x y Example CHANGE 20 50 returns 150 TOTAL Percent total 100 y x What percentage of x is y TOTAL x y Example TOTAL 20 50 returns 250 RAD DEG Radians to degrees Converts value from radians to degrees RAD DEG value E...

Page 160: ...the result is 1 If negative 1 If zero result is zero For a complex number this is the unit vector in the direction of the number SIGN value SIGN x y Examples SIGN 2 returns 1 SIGN 3 4 returns 6 8 TRUNCATE Truncates value to decimal places Accepts complex numbers TRUNCATE value places Example TRUNCATE 2 3678 2 returns 2 36 XPON Exponent of value XPON value Example XPON 123 4 returns 2 Two variable ...

Page 161: ...ession where variable newexpression The result is a general solution that represents multiple solutions by including the formal variables S1 to represent any sign and n1 to represent any integer ISOLATE expression variable Examples ISOLATE 2 X 8 X returns 4 ISOLATE A B X C X returns A C B LINEAR Tests whether expression is linear for the specified variable Returns 0 false or 1 true LINEAR expressi...

Page 162: ...sion where each given variable is set to the given value Defines numeric evaluation of a symbolic expression expression variable1 value1 variable2 value2 Example 3 X 1 X 3 returns 12 Test functions The test functions are logical operators that always return either a 1 true or a 0 false Less than Returns 1 if true 0 if false value1 value2 Less than or equal to Returns 1 if true 0 if false value1 va...

Page 163: ...alue is zero otherwise returns 0 NOT value OR Returns 1 if either value1 or value2 is non zero otherwise returns 0 value1 OR value2 XOR Exclusive OR Returns 1 if either value1 or value2 but not both of them is non zero otherwise returns 0 value1 XOR value2 Trigonometry functions The trigonometry functions can also take complex numbers as arguments For SIN COS TAN ASIN ACOS and ATAN see the Keyboar...

Page 164: ...bles To perform symbolic calculations for example symbolic differentiations and integrations you need to use formal names The hp 39g has six formal names available for use in symbolic calculations These are S0 to S5 When you perform a calculation that contains a formal name the hp 39g does not carry out any substitutions You can mix formal names and real variables Evaluating A B S1 2 will evaluate...

Page 165: ...atives The hp 39g can perform symbolic differentiation on some functions There are two ways of using the hp 39g to find derivatives You can perform differentiations in HOME by using the formal variables S1 to S5 You can perform differentiations of functions of X in the Function aplet To find derivatives in HOME To find the derivative of the function in HOME use a formal variable in place of X If y...

Page 166: ... functions and define the second function as a derivative of the first function For example to differentiate 1 Access the Function aplet s Symbolic view and define F1 2 2 Define F2 X as the derivative of F 1 F1 3 Select F2 X and evaluate it 4 Press to display the result Note Use the arrow keys to view the entire function You could also just define hp 39g x 2 sin 2 x cos hp 39g F1 x x x 2 2 x cos s...

Page 167: ...Press to close the show window 4 Copy the result and evaluate Thus substituting X for S1 it can be seen that This result is derived from substituting X S1 and X 0 into the original expression found in step 1 However substituting X 0 will not always evaluate to zero and may result in an unwanted constant To see this consider 3x 2 5 x d X X S 5 3 1 0 2 hp 39g 3x 2 5 x 5x 3 x 3 3 X X d x 2 4 x x 2 5 ...

Page 168: ...11 24 Using mathematical functions The extra constant of 6 4 results from the substitution of into x 2 5 5 and should be disregarded if an indefinite integral is required x 0 ...

Page 169: ...ve entered or the results of calculations These variables are available within all aplets and within any programs Aplet variables apply only to a single aplet Aplets have specific variables allocated to them which vary from aplet to aplet You use the calculator s memory to store the following objects copies of aplets with specific configurations new aplets that you download aplet variables home va...

Page 170: ... obtain only the precision displayed not the full internal precision On the other hand the variable Ans always contains the most recent result to full precision To store a value 1 On the command line enter the value or the calculation for the result you wish to store 2 Press 3 Enter a name for the variable 4 Press To store the results of a calculation If the value you want to store is in the HOME ...

Page 171: ... of a calculation can also be stored directly to a variable For example 2 5 3 B To recall a value To recall a variable s value type the name of the variable and press A To use variables in calculations You can use variables in calculations The calculator substitutes the variable s value in the calculation 65 A ...

Page 172: ...elect a variable category and then select a variable in the category 1 Open the VARS menu 2 Use the arrow keys or press the alpha key of the first letter in the category to select a variable category For example to select the Matrix category press Note In this instance there is no need to press the ALPHA key 3 Move the highlight to the variables column 4 Use the arrow keys to select the variable t...

Page 173: ...e 6 Press to place the value or name on the command line The selected object appears on the command line Note The VARS menu can also be used to enter the names or values of variables into programs Example This example demonstrates how to use the VARS menu to add the contents of two list variables and to store the result in another list variable 1 Display the List Catalog LIST to select L1 2 Enter ...

Page 174: ...1 7 Copy it to the command line Note Because the option is highlighted the variable s name rather than its contents is copied to the command line 8 Insert the operator and select the L2 variable from the List variables 9 Store the answer in the List catalog L3 variable L3 Note You can also type list names directly from the keyboard ...

Page 175: ...part Graphic G0 to G9 See Graphic commands on page 16 20 for more information on storing graphic objects via programming commands See To store into a graphics variable on page 15 5 for more information on storing graphic object via the sketch view Library Aplet library variables can store aplets that you have created either by saving a copy of a standard aplet or downloading an aplet from another ...

Page 176: ...to select a variable category in the left column then press to access the variables in the right column 4 Use the arrow keys to select a variable in the right column 5 To copy the name of the variable onto the edit line press is the default setting Category Available names Function F0 to F9 Symbolic view See Function aplet variables on page R 7 Parametric X0 Y0 to X9 Y9 Symbolic view See Parametri...

Page 177: ...nsume large amounts of memory You can make deletions to free up memory Example 1 Start the Memory Manager A list of variable categories is displayed MEMORY Free memory is displayed in the top right corner and the body of the screen lists each category the memory it uses and the percentage of the total memory it uses 2 Select the category with which you want to work and press Memory Manager display...

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Page 179: ...mensional arrays They are composed of just one row A vector is represented with single brackets for example 1 2 3 A vector can be a real number vector or a complex number vector for example 1 2 7 3 Matrices Matrices are two dimensional arrays They are composed of more than one row and more than one column Two dimensional matrices are represented with nested brackets for example 1 2 3 4 5 6 You can...

Page 180: ...g keys The table below lists the operations of the menu keys in the Matrix Catalog as well as the use of Delete and Clear CLEAR x 3 x 0 Key Meaning Opens the highlighted matrix for editing Prompts for a matrix type then opens an empty matrix with the highlighted name Transmits the highlighted matrix to another hp 39g or a disk drive See Sending and receiving aplets on page 17 4 Receives a matrix f...

Page 181: ...ession and press The expression may not contain symbolic variable names For complex numbers enter each number in complex form that is a b where a is the real part and b is the imaginary part You must include the parentheses and the comma 5 Use the cursor keys to move to a different row or column You can change the direction of the highlight bar by pressing The menu key toggles between the followin...

Page 182: ...atrix In the Matrix catalog highlight the name of the matrix you want to edit and press Matrix edit keys The following table lists the matrix edit key operations Key Meaning Copies the highlighted element to the edit line Inserts a row of zeros above or a column of zeros to the left of the highlighted cell You are prompted to choose row or column A three way toggle for cursor advancement in the Ma...

Page 183: ...e Start and end the matrix and each row with square brackets the shifted and keys 2 Separate each element and each row with a comma Example 1 2 3 4 3 Press to enter and display the matrix The left screen below shows the matrix 2 5 729 16 2 being stored into M5 The screen on the right shows the vector 66 33 11 being stored into M6 Note that you can enter an expression like 5 2 for an element of the...

Page 184: ...d the size of the matrix results in an error message Matrix arithmetic You can use the arithmetic functions with matrix arguments Division left multiplies by the inverse of the divisor You can enter the matrices themselves or enter the names of stored matrix variables The matrices can be real or complex For the next four examples store 1 2 3 4 into M1 and 5 6 7 8 into M2 Example 1 Create the first...

Page 185: ...iply the two matrices M1 and M2 that you created for the previous example press the following keys M1 M 2 To multiply a matrix by a vector enter the matrix first then the vector The number of elements in the vector must equal the number of columns in the matrix To divide by a square matrix For division of a matrix or a vector by a square matrix the number of rows of the dividend or the number of e...

Page 186: ...command Enter INVERSE matrixname in HOME and press To negate each element You can change the sign of each element in a matrix by pressing before the matrix name Solving systems of linear equations Example Solve the following linear system 1 Open the Matrix catalog and create a vector MATRIX 2 Create the vector of the constants in the linear system 5 7 1 3 Return to the Matrix Catalog MATRIX In thi...

Page 187: ...onstants vector by the inverse of the coefficients matrix M2 x 1 M1 The result is a vector of the solutions An alternative method is to use the RREF function See RREF on page 13 12 Matrix functions and commands About functions Functions can be used in any aplet or in HOME They are listed in the MATH menu under the Matrix category They can be used in mathematical expressions primarily in HOME as we...

Page 188: ... the matrix commands available for use in programming Functions differ from commands in that a function can be used in an expression Commands cannot be used in an expression Argument conventions For row or column supply the number of the row counting from the top starting with 1 or the number of the column counting from the left starting with 1 The argument matrix can refer to either a vector or a...

Page 189: ... elements are 1 and off diagonal elements are zero IDENMAT size INVERSE Inverts a square matrix real or complex INVERSE matrix LQ LQ Factorization Factors an m n matrix into three matrices m n lowertrapezoidal n n orthogonal m m permutation LQ matrix LSQ Least Squares Displays the minimum norm least squares matrix or vector LSQ matrix1 matrix2 LU LU Decomposition Factors a square matrix into three...

Page 190: ...inds the maximum value over all rows for the sums of the absolute values of all elements in a row ROWNORM matrix RREF Reduced Row Echelon Form Changes a rectangular matrix to its reduced row echelon form RREF matrix SCHUR Schur Decomposition Factors a square matrix into two matrices If matrix is real then the result is orthogonal upper quasi triangular If matrix is complex then the result is unita...

Page 191: ...ix You can create an identity matrix with the IDENMAT function For example IDENMAT 2 creates the 2 2 identity matrix 1 0 0 1 You can also create an identity matrix using the MAKEMAT make matrix function For example entering MAKEMAT I J 4 4 creates a 4 4 matrix showing the numeral 1 for all elements except zeros on the diagonal The logical operator returns 0 when I the row number and J the column n...

Page 192: ...e reduced row echelon matrix gives the solution to the linear equation in the fourth column An advantage of using the RREF function is that it will also work with inconsistent matrices resulting from systems of equations which have no solution or infinite solutions For example the following set of equations has an infinite number of solutions The final row of zeros in the reduced row echelon form ...

Page 193: ... in HOME or in a program Retrieve the list names from the VARS menu or just type their names from the keyboard You can create edit delete send and receive named lists in the List catalog LIST You can also create and store lists named or unnnamed in HOMEg lists List variables are identical in behaviour to the columns C1 C0 in the Statistics aplet You can store a statistics column to a list or vice ...

Page 194: ... press to return to HOME List catalog keys The list catalog keys are Key Meaning Opens the highlighted list for editing Transmits the highlighted list to another hp 39g or a PC See Sending and receiving aplets on page 17 4 for further information Receives a list from another hp 39g or a PC See Sending and receiving aplets on page 17 4 for further information Clears the highlighted list CLEAR Clear...

Page 195: ...play the list Immediately after typing in the list you can store it in a variable by pressing listname The list variable names are L0 through L9 This example stores the list 25 147 8 in L1 Note You can omit the final brace when entering a list Key Meaning Copies the highlighted list item into the edit line Inserts a new value before the highlighted item Deletes the highlighted item from the list C...

Page 196: ...e element In HOME enter listname element For example if L2 is 3 4 5 6 then L2 2 returns 4 To edit a list 1 Open the List catalog LIST 2 Press or to highlight the name of the list you want to edit L1 etc and press to display the list contents 3 Press or to highlight the element you want to edit In this example edit the third element so that it has a value of 5 5 4 Press ...

Page 197: ...ist contents New elements are inserted above the highlighted position In this example an element with the value of 9 is inserted between the first and second elements in the list 3 Press to the insertion position then press and press 9 4 Press To store one element In HOME enter value listname element For example to store 148 as the second element in L1 type 148 L1 2 ...

Page 198: ...4 Press 5 Press on the receiving calculator List functions List functions are found in the MATH menu You can use them in HOME as well as in programs You can type in the name of the function or you can copy the name of the function from the List category of the MATH menu Press the alpha L character key This highlights the List category in the left column Press to move the cursor to the right column...

Page 199: ...le 5 1 2 3 returns 5 10 15 Besides the common operators that can take numbers matrices or lists as arguments there are commands that can only operate on lists CONCAT Concatenates two lists into a new list CONCAT list1 list2 Example CONCAT 1 2 3 4 returns 1 2 3 4 LIST Creates a new list composed of the first differences that is the differences between the sequential elements in list1 The new list h...

Page 200: ...uares from 23 to 27 L Select MAKELIST A A 23 27 1 ΠLIST Calculates the product of all elements in list ΠLIST list Example ΠLIST 2 3 4 returns 24 POS Returns the position of an element within a list The element can be a value a variable or an expression If there is more than one instance of the element the position of the first occurrence is returned A value of 0 is returned if there is no occurren...

Page 201: ...elements in ascending order SORT list Finding statistical values for list elements To find values such as the mean median maximum and minimum values of the elements in a list use the Statistics aplet Example In this example use the Statistics aplet to find the mean median maximum and minimum values of the elements in the list L1 1 Create L1 with values 88 90 89 65 70 and 89 88 90 89 65 70 89 L1 ...

Page 202: ...e Statistics aplet and select 1 variable mode press if necessary to display Select Statistics Note Your list values are now in column 1 C1 4 In the Symbolic view define H1 for example as C1 sample and 1 frequency 5 Go to the Numeric view to display calculated statistics See One variable on page 8 13 for the meaning of each computed statistic ...

Page 203: ...l aplets These notes can also be sent to another calculator via the Notepad Catalog Aplet note view You can attach text to an aplet in its Note view To write a note in Note view 1 In an aplet press NOTE for the Note view 2 Use the note editing keys shown in the table in the following section 3 Set Alpha lock for quick entry of letters For lowercase Alpha lock press 4 While Alpha lock is on To type...

Page 204: ...ackspaces cursor and deletes character Deletes current character Starts a new line CLEAR Erases the entire note Menu for entering variable names and contents of variables Menu for entering math operations and constants CMDS Menu for entering program commands CHARS Displays special characters To type one highlight it and press To copy a character without closing the CHARS screen press ...

Page 205: ... drawing 4 Move the cursor in any direction to the end point of the line by pressing the keys 5 Press to finish the line Key Meaning Stores the specified portion of the current sketch to a graphics variable G1 through G0 Adds a new blank page to the current sketch set Displays next sketch in the sketch set Animates if held down Opens the edit line to type a text label Displays the menu key labels ...

Page 206: ...e drawing 3 Move the cursor the distance of the radius 4 Press to draw the circle DRAW keys Key Meaning Dot on Turns pixels on as the cursor moves Dot off Turns pixels off as the cursor moves Draws a line from the cursor s starting position to the cursor s current position Press when you have finished You can draw a line at any angle Draws a box from the cursor s starting position to the cursor s ...

Page 207: ...t of up to ten sketches This allows for simple animation After making a sketch press to add a new blank page You can now make a new sketch which becomes part of the current set of sketches To view the next sketch in an existing set press Hold down for animation To remove the current page in the current sketch series press To store into a graphics variable You can define a portion of a sketch insid...

Page 208: ...raphics variable 5 Move the box to where you would like to copy the graphic then press The notepad Subject to available memory you can store as many notes as you want in the Notepad NOTEPAD These notes are independent of any aplet The Notepad catalog lists the existing entries by name It does not include notes that were created in aplets Note views but these can be imported See To import a note on...

Page 209: ...press or an aplet key to exit Notepad Your work is automatically saved Notepad Catalog keys Key Meaning Opens the selected note for editing Begins a new note and asks for a name Transmits the selected note to another hp 39g or PC Receives a note being transmitted from another hp 39g or PC Deletes the selected note CLEAR Deletes all notes in the catalog ...

Page 210: ...then highlight the name Assignments in the right column 3 Press to copy the contents of Assignments to the Function Note view Note To recall the name instead of the contents press instead of Suppose you want to copy the Note view from the current aplet into the note Assignments in the Notepad 1 In the Notepad NOTEPAD open the note Assignments 2 Press highlight Note in the left column then press an...

Page 211: ...39g program contains a sequence of numbers mathematical expressions and commands that execute automatically to perform a task These items are separated by a colon Commands that take multiple arguments have those arguments separated by a semicolon For example PIXON xposition yposition Structured Programming Inside a program you can use branching structures to control the execution flow You can take...

Page 212: ...ram run and debug a program stop a program copy a program send and receive a program delete a program or its contents customize an aplet Open Program Catalog 1 Press PROGRM The Program Catalog displays a list of program names The Program Catalog contains a built in entry called Editline Editline contains the last expression that you entered from the edit line in HOME or the last data you entered i...

Page 213: ...m name then opens an empty program Transmits the highlighted program to another hp 39g or to a disk drive Receives the highlighted program from another hp 39g or from a disk drive Runs the highlighted program or Moves to the beginning or end of the Program catalog Deletes the highlighted program CLEAR Deletes all programs in the program catalog ...

Page 214: ...m name in double quotes Don t use the symbol within your program name 3 Type your program name then press When you press the Program Editor opens 4 Enter your program When done start any other activity Your work is saved automatically Entercommands Until you become familiar with the hp 39g commands the easiest way to enter commands is to select them from the Commands menu from the Program editor Y...

Page 215: ...you want 3 Press to paste the command into the program editor Edit a program 1 Press PROGRM to open the Program catalog 2 Use the arrow keys to highlight the program you want to edit and press The hp 39g opens the Program Editor The name of your program appears in the title bar of the display You can use the following keys to edit your program ...

Page 216: ...ha lock for letter entry Press A Z to lock lower case Backspaces cursor and deletes character Deletes current character Starts a new line CLEAR Erases the entire program Displays menus for selecting variable names contents of variables math functions and program constants CMDS Displays menus for selecting program conmmands CHARS Displays all characters To type one highlight it and press To enter s...

Page 217: ... program has finished If you start the program from the Program catalog the hp39g returns you to the Program catalog when the program ends Debug a program If you run a program that contains errors the program will stop and you will see an error message To debug the program 1 Press to edit the program The insert cursor appears in the program at the point where the error occurred 2 Edit the program ...

Page 218: ...cation H I N T If you use a programming routine often save the routine under a different program name then use the above method to copy it into your programs Transmit a program You can send programs to and receive programs from other calculators just as you can send and receive aplets matrices lists and notes After aligning the calculators infrared ports open the Program catalogs on both calculato...

Page 219: ...ork with the aplet Use the SETVIEWS command to create a custom VIEWS menu which links specially written programs to the new aplet A useful method for customizing an aplet is illustrated below 1 Decide on the built in aplet that you want to customize For example you could customize the Function aplet or the Statistics aplet The customized aplet inherits all the properties of the built in aplet Save...

Page 220: ...ed programs use the following naming convention when setting up an aplet s programs Start all program names with an abbreviation of the aplet name We will use APL in this example Name programs called by menu entries in the VIEWS menu number after the entry for example APL ME1 for the program called by menu option 1 APL ME2 for the program called by menu option 2 Name the program that configures th...

Page 221: ...ets the numeric view options for the aplet and runs the program that you can use to configure the angle mode 4 Create a program called EXP ANG which the previous two programs call 5 Create a program called EXP S which runs when you start the aplet as shown This program sets the angle mode to degrees and sets up the initial function that the aplet plots Configuring the Setviews menu option programs...

Page 222: ... scale specifies that it is to be included in the new menu The empty quotes will ensure that the old name of Auto scale appears on the new menu See SETVIEWS on page 16 14 My Entry1 EXP ME1 1 Sets the second menu option This option runs program EXP ME1 then returns to view 1 Plot view My Entry2 EXP ME2 3 Sets the third menu option This option runs the program EXP ME2 then returns to view 3 the NUM ...

Page 223: ...menu Once the aplet s VIEWS menu is configured it remains that way until you run SETVIEWS again You do not need to include this program for your aplet to work but it is useful to specify that the program is attached to the aplet and transmitted when the aplet is transmitted 7 Return to the program catalog The programs that you created should appear as follows 8 You must now the program EXP SV to e...

Page 224: ...and to an aplet once The VIEWS menu changes remain unless you apply the command again Typically you develop a program that uses the SETVIEWS command only The command contains a trio of arguments for each menu option to create or program to attach Keep the following points in mind when using this command The SETVIEWS command deletes an aplet s standard Views menu options If you want to use any of t...

Page 225: ...at is displayed for the corresponding entry in the Views menu Enclose the prompt text in double quotes Associating programs with your aplet If Prompt consists of a single space then no entry appears in the view menu The program specified in the ProgramName item is associated with the aplet and transferred whenever the aplet is transmitted Typically you do this if you want to transfer the Setviews ...

Page 226: ...tions To include one of an aplet s standard VIEWS menu options in your customized menu set up the arguments trio as follows The first argument specifies the menu item name Leave the argument empty to use the standard Views menu name for the item or Enter a menu item name to replace the standard name The second argument specifies the program to run Leave the argument empty to run the standard menu ...

Page 227: ...mands work in logical groups Therefore the commands are described together rather than each independently IF THEN END Executes a sequence of commands in the true clause only if the test clause evaluates to true Its syntax is IF test clause THEN true clause END Example 1XA IF A 1 THEN MSGBOX A EQUALS 1 END 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 HOME Plot Symbolic Numeric Plot Setup Symbolic Setup Numeric Setup Vie...

Page 228: ...t clause2 THEN true clause2 END IF test clausen THEN true clausen END END When CASE is executed test clause1 is evaluated If the test is true true clause1 is executed and execution skips to END If test clause1 if false execution proceeds to test clause2 Execution with the CASE structure continues until a true clause is executed or until all the test clauses evaluate to false IFERR THEN END Many co...

Page 229: ...assume the hp 39g default settings with the Function aplet as the current aplet ARC Draws a circular arc of given radians whose centre is at x y The arc is drawn from start_angle_measurement and end_angle_measurement ARC x y radius start_angle_measurement end_angle_measurement Example ARC 0 0 2 0 360 FREEZE Draws a circle centered at 0 0 of radius 2 The FREEZE command causes the circle to remain d...

Page 230: ...urned off TLINE can be used to erase a line TLINE x1 y1 x2 y2 Example TLINE 0 0 3 3 Erases previously drawn 45 degree line from 0 0 to 3 3 or draws that line if it doesn t already exist Graphic commands The graphic commands use the graphics variables G0 through G9 or the Page variable from Sketch as graphicname arguments The position argument takes the form x y Position coordinates depend on the c...

Page 231: ...ion GROBOR graphicname1 position graphicname2 GROBXOR Using the logical XOR superimposes graphicname2 onto graphicname1 The upper left corner of graphicname2 is placed at position GROBXOR graphicname1 position graphicname2 MAKEGROB Creates graphic with given width height and hexadecimal data and stores it in graphicname MAKEGROB graphicname width height hexdata PLOT Stores the Plot view display as...

Page 232: ...tions ZEROGROB Creates a blank graphic with given width and height and stores it in graphicname ZEROGROB graphicname width height Loop commands Loop hp allow a program to execute a routine repeatedly The hp 39g has three loop structures The example programs below illustrate each of these structures incrementing the variable A from 1 to 12 DO UNTIL END Do Until End is a loop command that executes t...

Page 233: ...eter is optional If it is omitted a step value of 1 is assumed BREAK Terminates loop BREAK Matrix commands The matrix commands take variables M0 M9 as arguments ADDCOL Add Column Inserts values into a column before column_number in the specified matrix You enter the values as a vector The values must be separated by commas and the number of values must be the same as the number of rows in the matr...

Page 234: ...ng from 9 to 9 RANDMAT name rows columns REDIM Redimensions the specified matrix or vector to size For a matrix size is a list of two integers n1 n2 For a vector size is a list containing one integer n REDIM name size REPLACE Replaces portion of a matrix or vector stored in name with an object starting at position start start for a matrix is a list containing two numbers for a vector it is a singl...

Page 235: ...olumn2 SWAPROW Swap Rows Exchanges row1 and row2 in the specified matrix SWAPROW name row1 row2 Print commands These commands print to an HP infrared printer for example the HP 82240B printer PRDISPLAY Prints the contents of the display PRDISPLAY PRHISTORY Prints all objects in the history PRHISTORY PRVAR Prints name and contents of variablename PRVAR variablename You can also use the PRVAR comman...

Page 236: ...box and option1 optionn are the options listed in the choose box Example 3 X A CHOOSE A COMIC STRIPS DILBERT CALVIN HOBBES BLONDIE DISP Displays textitem in a row of the display at the line_number A text item consists of any number of expressions and quoted strings of text The expressions are evaluated and turned into strings Lines are numbered from the top of the screen 1 being the top and 7 bein...

Page 237: ...ws you to view the graphics created by the program Cancel FREEZE by pressing any key FREEZE GETKEY Waits for a key then stores the keycode rc p in name where r is row number c is column number and p is key plane number The key planes numbers are 1 for unshifted 2 for shifted 4 for alpha shifted and 5 for both alpha shifted and shifted GETKEY name INPUT Creates an input form with a title bar and on...

Page 238: ... 2 You can also use the NoteText variable to provide text arguments This can be used to insert line breaks For example press NOTE and type AREA IS The position line MSGBOX NoteText π A 2 will display the same message box as the previous example PROMPT Displays an input box with name as the title and prompts for a value for name name can only be one character in length PROMPT name WAIT Halts progra...

Page 239: ...FREQ definition value SETSAMPLE Sets datasetname sample according to column Datasetname can be H1 H5 and column can be CO C9 SETSAMPLE datasetname column Stat Two commands DO2VSTATS Calculates STATS using datasetname and stores the results in corresponding variables MeanX ΣX ΣX2 MeanY ΣY ΣY2 ΣXY Corr PCov SCov and RELERR Datasetname can be SI S2 or S5 Datasetname must include at least two pairs of...

Page 240: ...on page 12 4 Not all variables are available in every aplet S1fit S5fit for example are only available in the Statistics aplet Under each variable name is a list of the aplets where the variable can be used Plot view variables Area Function Contains the last value found by the Area function in Plot FCN menu Axes All Aplets Turns axes on or off From Plot Setup check or uncheck AXES or In a program ...

Page 241: ...ction Solve Toggles resolution between plotting in every other column faster or plotting in every column more detail From Plot Setup choose Faster or More Detail or In a program type 1 X FastRes for faster default 0 X FastRes for more detail Grid All Aplets Turns the background grid in Plot view on or off From Plot setup check or uncheck GRID or In a program type 1 X Grid to turn the grid on 0 X G...

Page 242: ...crosshairs or inverted crosshairs Inverted is useful if the background is solid From Plot Setup check or uncheck InvCross or In a program type 1 X InvCross to invert the crosshairs 0 X InvCross for solid crosshairs default Isect Function Contains the last value found by the Intersection function in the Plot FCN menu Labels All Aplets Draws labels in Plot view showing X and Y ranges From Plot Setup...

Page 243: ... X Recenter to turn recenter on default 0 X Recenter to turn recenter off Root Function Contains the last value found by the Root function in the Plot FCN menu S1mark S5mark Statistics Sets the mark to use for scatter plots From Plot Setup for two variable statistics S1mark S5mark then choose a mark or In a program type n X S1mark where n is 1 2 3 5 SeqPlot Sequence Enables you to choose types of ...

Page 244: ...to choose types of 1 variable statistics plot between Histogram or Box and Whisker From Plot Setup select StatPlot then choose Histogram or BoxWhisker or In a program type 1 X StatPlot for Histogram 2 X StatPlot for Box and Whisker Umin Umax Polar Sets the minimum and maximum independent values Appears as the URNG field in the Plot Setup input form From the Plot Setup input form enter values for U...

Page 245: ...gram type 1 X Tracing to turn Tracing mode on default 0 X Tracing to turn Tracing mode off Tstep Parametric Sets the step size for the independent variable From the Plot Setup input form enter values for TSTEP or In a program type n X Tstep where Xcross All Aplets Sets the horizontal coordinate of the crosshairs Only works with TRACE off In a program type n X Xcross Ycross All Aplets Sets the vert...

Page 246: ...am type n X Ytick where Xmin Xmax All Aplets Sets the minimum and maximum horizontal values of the plot screen Appears as the XRNG fields horizontal range in the Plot Setup input form From Plot Setup enter values for XRNG or In a program type X Xmin X Xmax where Ymin Ymax All Aplets Sets the minimum and maximum vertical values of the plot screen Appears as the YRNG fields vertical range in the Plo...

Page 247: ...ets the angle mode From Symbolic Setup choose Degrees Radians or Grads for angle measure or In a program type 1 X Angle for Degrees 2 X Angle for Radians 3 X Angle for Grads F1 F9 F0 Function Can contain any expression Independent variable is X Example SIN X X F1 X You must put single quotes around an expression to keep it from being evaluated before it is stored Use CHARS to type the single quote...

Page 248: ...endent variable is selected by highlighting it in Numeric View Example X Y X 2 Y X E1 S1fit S5fit Statistics Sets the type of fit to be used by the FIT operation in drawing the regression line From Symbolic Setup view specify the fit in the field for S1FIT S2FIT etc or In a program store one of the following constant numbers or names into a variable S1fit S2fit etc 1 Linear 2 LogFit 3 ExpFit 4 Pow...

Page 249: ...ber format From Solve s Numeric Setup view enter a value in the second field of Number Format or In a program type n X Digits where Except in the Solve aplet the value of Digits takes effect only after the current aplet is saved with a new name Until then HDigit is in effect Format All Aplets Defines the number display format From Solve s Numeric Setup view choose Standard Fixed Scientific or Engi...

Page 250: ...e the font size in Numeric view Does not appear in the Num Setup input form Corresponds to the key in Numeric view In a program type 0 X NumFont for small default 1 X NumFont for big NumIndep Function Parametric Polar Sequence Specifies the list of independent values to be used by Build Your Own Table In a program type LIST X NumIndep NumRow All Aplets except Statistics aplet Sets the row to be hi...

Page 251: ...pe for Build Your Own 1 X NumType for Automatic default NumZoom Function Parametric Polar Sequence Sets the zoom factor in the Numeric view From Num Setup type in a value for NUMZOOM or In a program type n X NumZoom where StatMode Statistics Enables you to choose between 1 variable and 2 variable statistics in the Statistics aplet Does not appear in the Plot Setup input form Corresponds to the and...

Page 252: ... view Page All Aplets Sets a page in a sketch set A sketch set can contain up to 10 graphics The graphics can be viewed one at a time using the and keys The Page variable refers to the currently displayed page of a sketch set In a program type graphicname X Page PageNum All Aplets Sets a number for referring to a particular page of the sketch set in Sketch view In a program type the page that is s...

Page 253: ...ee chapter 16 Programming for further details Creating new aplets based on existing aplets You can create a new aplet based on an existing aplet To create a new aplet save an existing aplet under a new name then modify the aplet to add the configurations and the functionality that you want Information that defines an aplet is saved automatically as it is entered into the calculator To keep as much...

Page 254: ... A N G L E S 2 Enter the four formulas θ O H θ A H θ O A A B C 3 Decide whether you want the aplet to operate in Degrees Radians or Grads MODES Degrees 4 View the Aplet Library The TRIANGLES aplet is listed in the Aplet Library The Solve aplet can now be reset and used for other problems ...

Page 255: ... metres up the wall 1 Select the aplet TRIANGLES 2 Choose the sine formula in E1 3 Change to the Numeric view and enter the known values 35 5 4 Solve for the missing value The length of the ladder is approximately 8 72 metres Resetting an aplet Resetting an aplet clears all data and resets all default settings To reset an aplet open the Library select the aplet and press You can only reset an aple...

Page 256: ...plets from the world wide web For example Hewlett Packard s Calculators web site contains aplets that demonstrate certain mathematical concepts Note that you need the Graphing Calculator Connectivity Kit in order to load aplets from a PC Hewlett Packard s Calculators web site can be found at http www hp com calculators Sending and receiving aplets A convenient way to distribute or share problems i...

Page 257: ...or a disk drive or computer Highlight your selection and press The Transmit annunciator is displayed until transmission is complete If you are using the PC Connectivity Kit to download aplets from a PC you will see a list of aplets in the PC s current directory Check as many items as you would like to receive Sorting items in the aplet library menu list Once you have entered information into an ap...

Page 258: ...an aplet was last used The last used aplet appears first and so on Alphabetically produces an alphabetical order by aplet name To delete an aplet You cannot delete a built in aplet You can only clear its data and reset its default settings To delete a customized aplet open the aplet library highlight the aplet to be deleted and press To delete all custom aplets press CLEAR ...

Page 259: ...ds can store results in variables but do not display results Arguments are separated by semi colons such as DISP expression line expression A number variable or algebraic expression numbers plus functions that produces a value function An operation possibly with arguments that returns a result It does not store results in variables The arguments must be enclosed in parentheses and separated with c...

Page 260: ...display It can appear as a list or as a set of menu key labels across the bottom of the display menu keys The top row of keys Their operations depend on the current context The labels along the bottom of the display show the current meanings note Text that you write in the Notepad or in the Note view for a specific aplet program A reusable set of instructions that you record using the Program edit...

Page 261: ...the back of the calculator 2 Insert the end of a straightened metal paper clip into the hole as far as it will go Hold it there for 1 second then remove it 3 Press If necessary press and the first and last menu keys simultaneously To erase all memory and reset defaults If the calculator does not respond to the above resetting procedures you might need to restart it by erasing all of memory You wil...

Page 262: ...y and then release the key 4 Locate the small hole in the back of the calculator Insert the end of a straightened metal paper clip into the hole as far as it will go Hold it there for 1 second then remove it Press the key 5 Remove the batteries see Batteries on page R 4 press and hold the key for 10 seconds and then put the batteries back in Press the key Operating details Operating temperature 0 ...

Page 263: ...ss down the holder Push the plate to the shown direction and lift it b Insert a new CR2032 lithium battery Make sure its positive side is facing up c Replace the plate and push it to the original place After installing the batteries press to turn the power on Warning When the low battery icon is displayed you need to replace the batteries as soon as possible However avoid removing the backup batte...

Page 264: ...s are Category Available name Complex Z1 Z9 Z0 Graphic G1 G9 G0 Library Function Parametric Polar Sequence Solve Statistics User named List L1 L9 L0 Matrix M1 M9 M0 Modes Ans Date HAngle HDigits HFormat Ierr Time Notepad User named Program Editline User named Real A Z θ ...

Page 265: ...Coord FastRes Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Simult Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yxoom Plot FCN Area Extremum Isect Root Slope Symbolic Angle F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F0 Numeric Digits Format NumCol NumFont NumIndep NumRow NumStart NumStep NumType NumZoom Note NoteText Sketch Page PageNum ...

Page 266: ...ct Coord Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Simult Tmin Tmax Tracing Tstep Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yzoom Symbolic Angle X1 Y1 X2 Y2 X3 Y3 X4 Y4 X5 Y5 X6 Y6 X7 Y7 X8 Y8 X9 Y9 X0 Y0 Numeric Digits Format NumCol NumFont NumIndep NumRow NumStart NumStep NumType NumZoom Note NoteText Sketch Page PageNum ...

Page 267: ... Axes Connect Coord Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Simult Umin Umax θstep Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yxoom Symbolic Angle R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R0 Numeric Digits Format NumCol NumFont NumIndep NumRow NumStart NumStep NumType NumZoom Note NoteText Sketch Page PageNum ...

Page 268: ...e Plot Axes Coord Grid Indep InvCross Labels Nmin Nmax Recenter SeqPlot Simult Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yzoom Symbolic Angle U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U0 Numeric Digits Format NumCol NumFont NumIndep NumRow NumStart NumStep NumType NumZoom Note NoteText Sketch Page PageNum ...

Page 269: ...are Category Available name Plot Axes Connect Coord FastRes Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yxoom Symbolic Angle E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E0 Numeric Digits Format NumCol NumRow Note NoteText Sketch Page PageNum ...

Page 270: ...ecenter S1mark S2mark S3mark S4mark S5mark StatPlot Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yxoom Symbolic Angle S1fit S2fit S3fit S4fit S5fit Numeric C0 C9 Digits Format NumCol NumFont NumRow StatMode Stat One MaxΣ MeanΣ Median MinΣ NΣ Q1 Q3 PSDev SSDev PVarΣ SVarΣ TotΣ Stat Two Corr Cov Fit MeanX MeanY RelErr ΣX ΣX2 ΣXY ΣY ΣY2 Note NoteText Sketch Page PageNum ...

Page 271: ...ns The math functions are Category Available name Calculus TAYLOR Complex ARG CONJ IM RE Constant e i MAXREAL MINREAL π Hyperb ACOSH ASINH ATANH COSH SINH TANH ALOG EXP EXPM1 LNP1 List CONCAT LIST MAKELIST πLIST POS REVERSE SIZE ΣLIST SORT Loop ITERATE RECURSE Σ ...

Page 272: ...SCHUR SIZE SPECNORM SPECRAD SVD SVL TRACE TRN Polynom POLYCOEF POLYEVAL POLYFORM POLYROOT Prob COMB PERM RANDOM UTPC UTPF UTPN UTPT Real CEILING DEG RAD FLOOR FNROOT FRAC HMS HMS INT MANT MAX MIN MOD CHANGE TOTAL RAD DEG ROUND SIGN TRUNCATE XPON Stat Two PREDX PREDY Symbolic ISOLATE LINEAR QUAD QUOTE Category Available name Continued ...

Page 273: ... XOR Trig ACOT ACSC ASEC COT CSC SEC Category Available name Continued Category Available name Angle Degrees Grads Radians Format Standard Fixed Sci Eng Fraction SeqPlot Cobweb Stairstep S1 5fit Linear LogFit ExpFit Power QuadFit Cubic Logist User StatMode Stat1Var Stat2Var StatPlot Hist BoxW ...

Page 274: ...LAY DISPLAY GROB GROBNOT GROBOR GROBXOR MAKEGROB PLOT PLOT REPLACE SUB ZEROGROB Loop FOR TO STEP END DO UNTIL END WHILE REPEAT END BREAK Matrix ADDCOL ADDROW DELCOL DELROW EDITMAT RANDMAT REDIM REPLACE SCALE SCALEADD SUB SWAPCOL SWAPROW Print PRDISPLAY PRHISTORY PRVAR Prompt BEEP CHOOSE DISP DISPTIME EDITMAT FREEZE GETKEY INPUT MSGBOX PROMPT WAIT Stat One DO1VSTATS RANDSEED SETFREQ SETSAMPLE Stat ...

Page 275: ...gh data points for the calculation For two variable statistics there must be two columns of data and each column must have at least four numbers Invalid Dimension Array argument had wrong dimensions Invalid Statistics Data Need two columns with equal numbers of data values Invalid Syntax The function or command you entered does not include the proper arguments or order of arguments The delimiters ...

Page 276: ...ption from another calculator Re send the data Too Few Arguments The command requires more arguments than you supplied Undefined Name The global variable named does not exist Undefined Result The calculation has a mathematically undefined result such as 0 0 Out of Memory You must recover a lot of memory to continue operation Delete one or more matrices lists notes or programs using catalogs or cus...

Page 277: ...P receives notice of such defects during the warranty period HP will replace software media which does not execute its programming instructions due to such defects 3 HP does not warrant that the operation of HP products will be uninterrupted or error free If HP is unable within a reasonable time to repair or replace any product to a condition as warranted you will be entitled to a refund of the pu...

Page 278: ...XCLUSIVE REMEDIES EXCEPT AS INDICATED ABOVE IN NO EVENT WILL HP OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR LOSS OF DATA OR FOR DIRECT SPECIAL INCIDENTAL CONSEQUENTIAL INCLUDING LOST PROFIT OR DATA OR OTHER DAMAGE WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT TORT OR OTHERWISE Some countries States or provinces do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages so the above limitation or exclusion may...

Page 279: ...23 Holland 31 2 06545301 Italy 39 02 75419782 Norway 47 63849309 Portugal 351 229570200 Spain 34 915 642095 Sweden 46 851992065 Switzerland 41 1 4395358 German 41 22 8278780 French 39 02 75419782 Italian Turkey 420 5 41422523 UK 44 207 4580161 Czech Republic 420 5 41422523 South Africa 27 11 2376200 Luxembourg 32 2 7126219 Other European countries 420 5 41422523 Asia Pacific Country Telephone numb...

Page 280: ...7799 ROTC 0 800 157751 Mexico Mx City 5258 9922 ROTC 01 800 472 6684 Venezuela 0800 4746 8368 Chile 800 360999 Columbia 9 800 114726 Peru 0 800 10111 Central America Caribbean 1 800 711 2884 Guatemala 1 800 999 5105 Puerto Rico 1 877 232 0589 Costa Rica 0 800 011 0524 N America Country Telephone numbers U S 1800 HP INVENT Canada 905 206 4663 or 800 HP INVENT ROTC Rest of the country ...

Page 281: ...s no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation In the unlikely event that there is interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the calculator off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna Relocate the calculator with respect t...

Page 282: ...er to a designated collection point for the recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment The separate collection and recycling of your waste equipment at the time of disposal will help to conserve natural resources and ensure that it is recycled in a manner that protects human health and the environment For more information about where you can drop off your waste equipment for recycling ...

Page 283: ...ELECT 16 14 SETVIEWS 16 17 UNCHECK 16 17 aplet variables definition 12 1 12 8 in Plot view 16 30 new 12 1 aplet views canceling operations in 1 1 changing 1 19 note 1 18 Numeric view 1 17 Plot view 1 17 sketch 1 18 split screen 1 17 Symbolic view 1 16 arc cosecant 11 19 arc cosine 11 4 arc cotangent 11 19 arc secant 11 19 arc sine 11 4 arc tangent 11 5 area graphical 3 10 interactive 3 10 variable...

Page 284: ...kit 17 4 constant error message 7 7 constants 11 8 e 11 8 i 11 8 maximum real number 11 8 minimum real number 11 8 program R 15 contrast decreasing display 1 2 increasing display 1 2 coordinate display 2 9 copying display 1 22 graphics 15 6 notes 15 8 programs 16 8 correlation coefficient 8 17 CORR 8 17 statistical 8 15 cosecant 11 19 cosine 11 4 inverse hyperbolic 11 8 cotangent 11 19 covariance ...

Page 285: ...e 1 2 editing matrices 13 4 notes 15 2 programs 16 5 Editline Program catalog 16 2 editors 1 30 eigenvalues 13 11 eigenvectors 13 11 element storing 13 6 E lessons 1 12 engineering number format 1 11 equals for equations 11 17 logical test 11 18 equations solving 7 1 erasing a line in Sketch view 16 20 error messages bad guesses 7 7 constant 7 7 exclusive OR 11 19 exiting views 1 19 exponent minus...

Page 286: ...tting into plot and close up 2 14 splitting into plot and table 2 14 stairsteps 6 1 statistical data 8 15 t values 2 6 tickmarks 2 6 tracing 2 8 two variable statistics 8 18 Graphic commands GROB 16 21 DISPLAY 16 20 GROBNOT 16 21 GROBOR 16 21 GROBXOR 16 21 MAKEGROB 16 21 PLOT 16 21 REPLACE 16 22 SUB 16 22 ZEROGROB 16 22 graphics copying 15 6 copying into Sketch view 15 6 storing and recalling 15 6...

Page 287: ... dimension R 17 statistics data R 17 syntax R 17 inverse hyperbolic cosine 11 8 inverse hyperbolic functions 11 9 inverse hyperbolic sine 11 8 inverse hyperbolic tangent 11 8 inverting matrices 13 8 isect variable 16 32 K keyboard editing keys 1 5 entry keys 1 5 inactive keys 1 8 list keys 14 2 math functions 1 7 menu keys 1 4 Notepad keys 15 8 shifted keystrokes 1 6 L labeling axes 2 7 parts of a...

Page 288: ...ations in 13 6 assembly from vectors 13 1 changing row position 16 25 column norm 13 10 comma 14 7 commands 13 10 condition number 13 10 create identity 13 13 creating 13 3 creating in Home 13 5 deleting 13 4 deleting columns 16 24 deleting rows 16 24 determinant 13 11 display eigenvalues 13 11 displaying 13 5 displaying matrix elements 13 5 dividing by a square matrix 13 7 dot product 13 11 editi...

Page 289: ...R 17 naming programs 16 4 natural exponential 11 3 11 9 natural log plus 1 11 9 natural logarithm 11 3 negation 11 5 negative numbers 1 20 no equations checked R 18 Normal Z distribution confidence in tervals 9 15 note copying 15 8 editing 15 2 importing 15 8 printing 16 25 viewing 15 1 writing 15 1 Notepad 15 1 catalog keys 15 7 creating notes 15 6 writing in 15 6 nrng 2 6 nth root 11 6 null hypo...

Page 290: ...16 sequence 2 6 setting up 2 5 3 2 split screen view 2 15 splitting 2 15 splitting into plot and close up 2 14 splitting into plot and table 2 14 stairsteps 6 1 statistical data 8 15 statistics parameters 8 18 t values 2 6 tickmarks 2 6 to capture current display 16 20 tracing 2 8 trigonometric scaling 2 15 two variable statistics 8 18 plotting resolution and tracing 2 8 plot view variables area 1...

Page 291: ...ent screen display being up dated 16 27 set date and time 16 26 store keycode 16 27 Q quadratic extremum 3 6 fit 8 13 function 3 4 quotes in program names 16 4 R random numbers 11 12 real number maximum 11 8 minimum 11 8 real part 11 7 real number functions 11 13 11 15 CHANGE 11 15 TOTAL 11 15 CEILING 11 13 DEGtoRAD 11 13 FNROOT 11 14 HMSto 11 14 INT 11 14 MANT 11 14 MAX 11 15 MIN 11 15 MOD 11 15 ...

Page 292: ...omposition matrix 13 13 singular values matrix 13 13 sketches creating 15 5 creating a blank graphic 16 22 creating a set of 15 5 erasing a line 16 20 labeling 15 5 opening view 15 3 sets 15 5 storing in graphics variable 15 5 slope 3 10 soft key labels 1 2 solve error messages 7 7 initial guesses 7 5 interpreting intermediate guesses 7 7 interpreting results 7 6 plotting to find guesses 7 7 setti...

Page 293: ... 14 1 14 4 14 5 14 6 matrix elements 13 3 13 5 13 6 results of calculation 12 2 value 12 2 strings literal in symbolic operations 11 18 subtract 11 3 summation function 11 10 symbolic calculations in Function aplet 11 21 defining expressions 2 1 differentiation 11 21 displaying definitions 3 8 evaluating variables in view 2 3 setup view for statistics 8 12 symbolic functions where 11 18 equals 11 ...

Page 294: ...iables aplet 12 1 categories 12 7 definition 12 1 12 7 R 2 in equations 7 10 in Symbolic view 2 3 independent 16 35 local 12 1 previous result Ans 1 23 printing 16 25 root 16 33 root finding 3 10 step size of independent 16 35 types 12 1 12 7 use in calculations 12 3 VARS menu 12 4 12 5 vectors column 13 1 cross product 13 10 definition of R 2 views 1 18 configuration 1 18 definition of R 3 W warn...

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