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Dilution factor = total volume ÷ sample volume
Example: Dilution factor = 100 ÷ 20 = 5 

3.

Calculate the actual turbidity:
Actual turbidity = measured value × dilution factor
Example: Measured value = 2450 NTU
Actual turbidity = 2450 × 5 = 12,250 NTU

Figure 6  Prepare filtered sample using membrane or glass-fiber
filter

1   

Filter pump

4   

Stopper

7   

Filter

2   

Hose

5   

Filter holder

3   

Filter flask

6   

Tweezers

Turbidity measurement

W A R N I N G

 

Potential explosion and fire hazard. This instrument is for measuring water based
samples. Do not measure solvent or combustible based samples.

For accurate turbidity readings use clean sample cells and remove air
bubbles. Refer to 

Clean the sample cell

 on page 18 and 

Remove air

bubbles from the sample

 on page 23.

Measurement notes

Proper measurement techniques are important in minimizing the effects
of instrument variation, stray light and air bubbles. For accurate and
repeatable measurements:

Instrument

• Make sure that the instrument is on a level, stationary surface that is

free of vibration during the measurement.

• Instrument stabilization is immediate. No warm-up time is necessary.
• Always close the sample compartment lid during measurement,

calibration and storage.

• Remove the sample cell from the instrument and turn off the

instrument if the instrument is stored for an extended time period
(more than a month).

• Keep the sample compartment lid closed to keep dust and dirt out.

Sample cells

• Always cap the sample cell to prevent spillage of the sample into the

instrument.

• Always use clean sample cells in good condition. Dirty, scratched or

damaged cells can result in readings that are not accurate.

• Make sure that cold samples do not “fog” the sample cell. Refer to 

Prevent condensation on a sample cell

 on page 24.

• Store sample cells filled with distilled or deionized water and cap

tightly.

• For the best accuracy, use a single sample cell for every

measurement or a flow cell.

English

   

25

Summary of Contents for 2100AN IS

Page 1: ...DOC022 53 80206 2100AN IS 05 2014 Edition 4 User Manual...

Page 2: ......

Page 3: ...sound off optional 12 Set the date and time 12 Show the current time optional 12 Standard operation 12 Calibrate the turbidimeter with StablCal Standards 12 Prepare the StablCal standards 13 Calibrati...

Page 4: ...urement 25 Measurement notes 25 Turbidity measurement procedure 26 Absorbance and transmittance measurement 27 Measurement notes 27 Absorbance and transmittance measurement procedure 28 Measurement te...

Page 5: ...formazin standards 38 Calibration notes 39 Formazin calibration procedure 40 Making 4000 NTU formazin stock solution 41 Calibrate the turbidimeter with user selected formazin standards 41 Prepare for...

Page 6: ...Diagnostic codes 45 Delete calibration data 45 Flashing 9s 46 Flashing 0s 46 Replacement parts and accessories 46 Table of Contents 4...

Page 7: ...999 0 2 00 Absorbance auto range 0 2 00 Transmittance 1 0 100 Specification Details Accuracy1 2 3 FNU4 2 of reading plus 0 01 FNU from 0 1000 FNU FAU 10 of reading from 20 10 000 NTU NTU4 2 of readin...

Page 8: ...ect indirect special incidental or consequential damages resulting from any defect or omission in this manual The manufacturer reserves the right to make changes in this manual and the products it des...

Page 9: ...cause undesired operation Changes or modifications to this equipment not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user s authority to operate the equipment This equipm...

Page 10: ...r setup number or sample number 5 Cover for the sample cell compartment 2 Keypad 6 Printer cover 3 Sample cell holder 7 Eight digit LED display 4 Light shield Figure 2 Back overview 1 Power cord conne...

Page 11: ...ided thermal paper Use of other thermal paper may cause poor print quality and decrease the life of the print head Notes Do not rub the thermal paper with a hard object Do not use chemical paste on th...

Page 12: ...Selects the unit of measure Exits Calibration or Setup mode without saving changes Turns Ratio on or off Turns on or off the Flow mode of operation Used only with the automated flow cell Turns signal...

Page 13: ...f illuminated during calibration when a smaller sample cell is used Push UNITS Exit to start measurements Manual MANUAL is shown above the Range Mode label when the instrument is in manual ranging mod...

Page 14: ...is pushed BEEP OFF No sound is made when a key is pushed 5 Push ENTER 6 Push SETUP Set the date and time 1 Push SETUP The SETUP light turns on 2 Use the arrow keys to select an option Option Descripti...

Page 15: ...re it is used Make sure that the standards are at the same ambient temperature as the instrument before use Use only the provided silicone oil This silicone oil has the same refractive index as the vi...

Page 16: ...surface of the vial Remove the excess oil Make sure that the vial is almost dry 5 Put the vial in the sample cell holder with the triangle on the vial aligned with the reference mark on the sample ce...

Page 17: ...the turbidity value of a Gelex vial Keep the Gelex standards at room temperature Do not let Gelex standards freeze or become warmer than 50 C 122 F High temperatures may cause Gelex suspensions to div...

Page 18: ...me the instrument is calibrated and record the new values on the Gelex vials with a water soluble marker 1 Clean the Gelex vials with a soft lint free cloth to remove water spots and fingerprints 2 Ap...

Page 19: ...ex vial is greater than 40 NTU Select the Ratio setting recorded on the Gelex vial for vials less than 40 NTU If the measured value is within 5 of the value recorded on the Gelex vial calibration is v...

Page 20: ...led or deionized water 3 Clean the internal and external surfaces of the sample cell and cap with 1 1 hydrochloric acid 4 Fully rinse the sample cell many times with distilled or deionized water Note...

Page 21: ...bout 30 mL with dilution water and immediately put the cap on the sample cell Refer to Prepare dilution water on page 23 Let the sample cell sit for at least five minutes to degas 2 Clean the sample c...

Page 22: ...7 Repeat step 6 until the lowest value is shown on the display 8 Put an orientation mark on the marking band near the top of the sample cell where the lowest value is shown 20 English...

Page 23: ...e dilution water on page 23 Let the sample cell sit for at least five minutes to degas 2 Clean the sample cells with a soft lint free cloth to remove water spots and fingerprints Do not invert the sam...

Page 24: ...sample cell holder again Close the cover Record the value when stable 11 Repeat step 10 until the value matches the first sample cell value within 0 005 FNU Note Match sample cells to within 0 002 abs...

Page 25: ...bubbles may be the cause Remove air or other gases from the sample before measurement even if no bubbles can be seen The methods typically used for degassing are Let the sample stand for several minu...

Page 26: ...tly invert the sample cell before measurement Note Warming may change the sample turbidity Measure the sample without warming when possible Measure over range samples The nephelometric method of turbi...

Page 27: ...t and air bubbles For accurate and repeatable measurements Instrument Make sure that the instrument is on a level stationary surface that is free of vibration during the measurement Instrument stabili...

Page 28: ...inse a clean empty sample cell two times with the solution to be measured and drain to waste Fill to the line about 30 mL with sample and immediately put the cap on the sample cell 2 Clean the sample...

Page 29: ...ent procedure on page 28 Transmittance and absorbance measurements use the same zero reference point Absorbance and transmittance can be measured on a single sample after setting a zero reference poin...

Page 30: ...ell cover does not close when the flow cell is installed 3 Slowly put 250 mL of 100 T or zero absorbance reference solution down the interior edge of the inlet reservoir Put the sample down the interi...

Page 31: ...y flashes all 9s when the sample being measured is greater than the selected range The display flashes all 0s when the sample measured is less than the selected range When automatic ranging is selecte...

Page 32: ...rements with Ratio off are almost the same for turbidity measurements that are less than 40 NTU if interferences caused by color or light absorbing particles are not present Using the air purge system...

Page 33: ...th a soft lint free cloth to remove water spots and fingerprints 4 Apply a small bead of silicone oil from the top to the bottom of the flow cell Note Use only the provided silicone oil This silicone...

Page 34: ...bing is used make sure that the end of the drain tubing is at least 46 cm 18 in below the center line of the instrument The flow cell cover must be in place for the LED light source to function Flow c...

Page 35: ...puter Refer to Configure the printer output on page 36 5 After the selected measurement time the flow valve closes and the final reading is held on the display The final reading is sent to the interna...

Page 36: ...NT light turns on 2 Install the automated flow cell Refer to Install a flow cell on page 31 Note The sample cell cover does not close when the flow cell is installed 3 Push FLOW The FLOW light turns o...

Page 37: ...sed to measure samples when a cell adapter is used Use a cell adapter when the test tube sample cell or ampule is less than 25 mm Refer to Accessories on page 47 for the available cell adapters Use on...

Page 38: ...erface RS232 connector on the back of the instrument to transmit data from the instrument to an external printer or a serial communication port on a computer Refer to Figure 2 on page 8 To connect a s...

Page 39: ...e recorder minimum value To change the recorder minimum value enter RMN XXXXX XXXXX a number minimum value 0 then push Enter RMX Gets the recorder maximum value To change the recorder maximum value en...

Page 40: ...Accessories on page 47 Note Use recently prepared formazin standards to get the accuracy specifications for turbidity in Specifications on page 5 Prepare formazin standards For the best accuracy and...

Page 41: ...silicone oil This silicone oil has the same refractive index as the vial glass and masks minor glass differences and scratches Store the oiling cloth in a plastic storage bag to keep the cloth clean...

Page 42: ...ater and immediately put the cap on the sample cell Use the same dilution water that was used to prepare the formazin standards 3 Clean the sample cell with a soft lint free cloth to remove water spot...

Page 43: ...ective equipment appropriate to the chemicals that are handled Refer to the current material safety data sheets MSDS for safety protocols Note Making formazin stock solution from raw materials is not...

Page 44: ...or example A 25 NTU standard is put in the sample cell holder instead of the recommended 20 NTU standard during calibration Change the 20 000 on the display to 25 000 before pushing ENTER to start the...

Page 45: ...instrument returns to the measurement mode Set the units available on the display 1 Push SETUP The SETUP light turns on 2 Select 85 using the arrow keys then push ENTER U SET 0 is shown on the displa...

Page 46: ...tion in an error condition Push ENTER to clear an error code from the display Note Any calibration being calculated when an error occurs is discarded The old calibration is kept Table 7 Error codes Er...

Page 47: ...0 System voltage out of range 1 Turn the instrument off and then back on 2 Contact Customer Service if the error occurs again Table 7 Error codes continued Error Description Solution ERR11 System loop...

Page 48: ...set the zero reference point again When measuring absorbance make sure that the reading is positive To measure samples with negative absorbance set the analytical zero using the sample with the greate...

Page 49: ...4744502 Formazin stock solution 4000 NTU 100 mL 246142 Accessories continued Description Quantity Item no Formazin stock solution 4000 NTU 500 mL 246149 Formazin high range turbidity standard 7500 NT...

Page 50: ...tion Quantity Item no Volumetric flask 100 mL Class A 1 1457442 Volumetric flask 200 mL Class A 1 1457445 Optional reagents Description Quantity Item no Hexamethylenetetramine 500 g 187834 Hydrazine s...

Page 51: ......

Page 52: ...ach com www hach com HACH LANGE GMBH Willst tterstra e 11 D 40549 D sseldorf Germany Tel 49 0 2 11 52 88 320 Fax 49 0 2 11 52 88 210 info hach lange de www hach lange de HACH LANGE S rl 6 route de Com...

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