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Gateway ADAC Ultra2 S466, Hardware Manual

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Contents

iii

Table of Contents

1 Overview ...............................................................1

Single Ended and Differential SCSI Buses ..............................2
Maximum Cable Length for SCSI Standards ...........................2
Documentation .........................................................................3
ADAC Ultra2 S466 Block Diagram.........................................4

2 Introduction to RAID ............................................5

RAID Benefits..........................................................................5
In This Chapter.........................................................................6
ADAC Ultra2 S466 – Host-Based RAID Solution...................7
RAID Overview .......................................................................8
Consistency Check ...................................................................8
Fault Tolerance ........................................................................8
Disk Striping ............................................................................9
Disk Spanning ........................................................................10
Disk Mirroring .......................................................................11
Parity ......................................................................................12
Hot Spares ..............................................................................13
Disk Rebuild...........................................................................14
Logical Drive .........................................................................15
Hot Swap................................................................................15
SCSI Drive States...................................................................16
Logical Drive States ...............................................................16
Disk Array Types ...................................................................17
Enclosure Management ..........................................................17

3 RAID Levels ........................................................19

Selecting a RAID Level .........................................................20
RAID 0 ...................................................................................21
RAID 1 ...................................................................................22
RAID 3 ...................................................................................23
RAID 5 ...................................................................................25
RAID 10 .................................................................................26
RAID 30 .................................................................................27
RAID 50 .................................................................................28

4 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Features ..............................29

Hardware Requirements .........................................................30
Configuration Features ...........................................................30
Hardware Architecture Features.............................................31
Array Performance Features...................................................31
RAID Management Features ..................................................32
Fault Tolerance Features ........................................................32

Summary of Contents for ADAC Ultra2 S466

Page 1: ...ADAC Ultra2 S466 Single Ended and Low Voltage Differential SCSI PCI RAID Controller Hardware Guide 8503624 A MAN US ADAC U2 S466 GDE R0 8 14 98...

Page 2: ...tion MS DOS and Microsoft are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Windows 95 Microsoft Windows and Windows NT are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation SCO UnixWare and Unix are registered tr...

Page 3: ...e 8 Disk Striping 9 Disk Spanning 10 Disk Mirroring 11 Parity 12 Hot Spares 13 Disk Rebuild 14 Logical Drive 15 Hot Swap 15 SCSI Drive States 16 Logical Drive States 16 Disk Array Types 17 Enclosure M...

Page 4: ...Drive Configuration 42 Physical Device Layout 43 Configuring Arrays 45 Configuration Strategies 46 Assigning RAID Levels 48 Configuring Logical Drives 48 Optimizing Data Storage 49 Planning the Array...

Page 5: ...t Error Messages 75 Other BIOS Error Messages 77 DOS ASPI Driver Error Messages 78 Other Potential Problems 79 A SCSI Cables and Connectors 83 SCSI Connectors 83 68 Pin High Density SCSI Internal Conn...

Page 6: ......

Page 7: ...ns of Liability Gateway Inc shall in no event be held liable for any loss expenses or damages of any kind whatsoever whether direct indirect incidental or consequential whether arising from the design...

Page 8: ...h the ADAC Ultra2 S466 software and a warranty registration card Technical Support If you need help installing configuring or running the ADAC Ultra2 S466 PCI RAID Controller call your Gateway OEM Tec...

Page 9: ...m Information Motherboard BIOS manufacturer Operating System BIOS Date Op Sys Ver Video Adapter ADAC Ultra2 S466 Driver Ver CPU Type Speed Network Card System Memory Other disk controllers installed O...

Page 10: ...re level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware lev...

Page 11: ...turer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer...

Page 12: ...ateway provides this publication as is without warranty of any kind either expressed or implied including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a specific purpose...

Page 13: ...ses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that i...

Page 14: ...configuration the same memory module parts and the same peripherals that were tested by Gateway with this product The complete list of tested jumper settings system configurations peripheral devices a...

Page 15: ...ration path while preserving existing PCI SCSI software Performs SCSI data transfers up to 80 MB s performs synchronous operation on a wide LVD SCSI bus allows up to 15 LVD SCSI devices on the wide bu...

Page 16: ...SCSI 6 m 12 m 15 Ultra SCSI 1 5 m 12 m 7 Ultra SCSI 3 m 12 m 3 Wide Ultra SCSI 12 m 15 Wide Ultra SCSI 1 5 m 12 m 7 Wide Ultra SCSI 3 m 12 m 3 Ultra 2 SCSI 25 m 1 Ultra 2 SCSI 12 m 7 Wide Ultra 2 SCSI...

Page 17: ...figuration information you will need first Read the ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide first ADAC Ultra2 S466 Configuration Software Guide This manual describes the software configuration utilities that...

Page 18: ...ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide 4 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Block Diagram...

Page 19: ...by reconstructing missing data from the remaining data and parity drives RAID Benefits RAID has gained popularity because it improves I O performance and increases storage subsystem reliability RAID...

Page 20: ...overview page 8 Consistency check page 8 Fault tolerance page 8 Disk striping page 9 Disk spanning page 10 Disk mirroring page 11 Parity page 12 Hot spares page 13 Disk rebuilds page 14 RAID levels p...

Page 21: ...a transfer rate on the motherboard PCI bus the sustained data transfer rate on the i960RP PCI to PCI bridge the sustained data transfer rate of the SCSI controller the sustained data transfer rate of...

Page 22: ...es the correctness of redundant data in an array For example in a system with dedicated parity checking consistency means computing the parity of the data drives and comparing the results to the conte...

Page 23: ...mple in a four disk system using only disk striping as in RAID level 0 segment 1 is written to disk 1 segment 2 is written to disk 2 and so on Disk striping enhances performance because multiple drive...

Page 24: ...ous In the following graphic RAID 1 array is turned into a RAID 10 array Spanning for RAID 10 RAID 30 or RAID 50 Level Description 10 Configure RAID 10 by spanning two contiguous RAID 1 logical drives...

Page 25: ...ystem and reconstruct the failed drive The primary advantage of disk mirroring is that it provides 100 data redundancy Since the contents of the disk drive are completely written to a second drive it...

Page 26: ...disk drives is stored on an additional disk Distributed Parity The parity data is distributed across all drives in the system If a single disk drive fails it can be rebuilt from the parity and the da...

Page 27: ...ee of fault tolerance and zero downtime The ADAC Ultra2 S466 RAID Management software allows you to specify physical drives as hot spares When a hot spare is needed the ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller ass...

Page 28: ...66 controller automatically and transparently rebuilds failed drives with user definable rebuild rates If a hot spare is available the rebuild starts automatically when a drive fails ADAC Ultra2 S466...

Page 29: ...n consist of any of the following an entire physical array more than one entire physical array a part of an array parts of more than one array or a combination of any two of the above conditions Hot S...

Page 30: ...Spare HOTSP The drive is powered up and ready for use as a spare in case an online drive fails Fail FAIL A fault has occurred in the drive placing it out of service Rebuild REB The drive is being rebu...

Page 31: ...nd the array controller Bus Based The array controller resides on the bus for example a PCI or EISA bus in the host computer and has its own CPU to generate the parity and handle other RAID functions...

Page 32: ...ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide 18...

Page 33: ...3 5 Standard page 25 10 ADAC Ultra2 S466 only page 26 30 ADAC Ultra2 S466 only page 27 50 ADAC Ultra2 S466 only page 28 Select RAID Level To ensure the best performance you should select the optimal R...

Page 34: ...ping with a dedicated parity drive Use for non interactive apps that process large files sequentially Achieves data redundancy at low cost Performance not as good as RAID 1 Three to eight Yes 5 Disk s...

Page 35: ...width By breaking up a large file into smaller blocks ADAC Ultra2 S466 can use several drives to read or write the file faster RAID 0 involves no parity calculations to complicate the write operation...

Page 36: ...ed data storage capacity Uses Use RAID 1 for small databases or any other environment that requires fault tolerance but small capacity Strong Points RAID 1 provides complete data redundancy RAID 1 is...

Page 37: ...parameter which is set during the creation of the RAID set If a single drive fails a RAID 3 array continues to operate in degraded mode If the failed drive is a data drive writes will continue as norm...

Page 38: ...ations scattered randomly and widely across the disks in the logical drive The RAID 3 fixed parity disk becomes a bottleneck in such applications For example The host attempts to make two small writes...

Page 39: ...ovides high data throughput especially for large files Use RAID 5 for transaction processing applications because each drive can read and write independently If a drive fails ADAC Ultra2 S466 uses the...

Page 40: ...our drive failures while maintaining data integrity if each failed disk is in a different RAID 1 array Uses RAID 10 works best for data storage that must have 100 redundancy of mirrored arrays and tha...

Page 41: ...t one drive in the array The parity data created during the exclusive or is then written to the last drive in each RAID 3 array The size of each block is determined by the stripe size parameter which...

Page 42: ...on the blocks and then writes the blocks of data and parity to each drive in the array The size of each block is determined by the stripe size parameter which is set during the creation of the RAID s...

Page 43: ...AID management features fault tolerance features utility programs and software drivers SMART Technology The ADAC Ultra2 S466 Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology SMART detects up to 70 of...

Page 44: ...e cache size 4 MB 8 MB 16 MB 32 MB 64 MB or 128 MB Cache Function Write through write back ARA NRA RA Multiple logical drives arrays per controller Up to 8 logical drives per controller Maximum number...

Page 45: ...SCSI bus termination Active single ended or LVD Double sided SIMMs Yes Auxiliary TermPWR source No Direct I O bandwidth 132 MB s Array Performance Features The ADAC Ultra2 S466 array performance feat...

Page 46: ...izes Yes Web based management tools Not released yet Windows NT and NetWare server support via GUI client utility Yes SCO Unix OS 2 and UnixWare server support via GUI client utility Yes DMI support Y...

Page 47: ...intranet support through TCP IP Yes Operating System Software Drivers Operating System Drivers ADAC Ultra2 S466 includes a DOS software configuration utility and drivers for Windows NT V4 0 Novell Ne...

Page 48: ...Voltage 5 00 V 0 25 V SCSI Controller One SCSI controller for Ultra and Wide support SCSI Data Transfer Rate Up to 80 MB s SCSI Bus LVD or single ended SCSI Termination Active Termination Disable Auto...

Page 49: ...es 1 MB x 36 4 MB x 36 16 MB x 36 or 32 MB x 36 72 pin 60 or 70 ns Fast Page Mode or EDO SIMMs Possible configurations are 4 8 16 32 64 or 128 MB ADAC Ultra2 S466 supports write through or write back...

Page 50: ...32C compatible serial port berg connector which can connect to communications devices SCSI Bus ADAC Ultra2 S466 has a Fast and Wide SCSI channel that supports both LVD and single ended devices with ac...

Page 51: ...automatic through cable detection SCSI Firmware The ADAC Ultra2 S466 firmware handles all RAID and SCSI command processing and also supports Feature Description Disconnect Reconnect Optimizes SCSI Bu...

Page 52: ...formats disk drives and manages the RAID system It is independent of any operating system See the ADAC Ultra2 S466 Configuration Software Guide for additional information Power Console Plus Power Cons...

Page 53: ...tion required hot swap manual replacement without bringing the system down and SAF TE compliant enclosure management Detect Failed Drive The ADAC Ultra2 S466 firmware automatically detects and rebuild...

Page 54: ...ility ADAC Ultra2 S466 supports SCSI hard disk drives CD ROMs tape drives optical drives DAT drives and other SCSI peripheral devices Software All SCSI backup and utility software should work with ADA...

Page 55: ...observe the following guidelines when connecting and configuring SCSI devices in a RAID array attach non disk SCSI devices to a single SCSI channel that does not have any disk drives you can place up...

Page 56: ...D Device Description Termination SCSI Channel 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Logical Drive Configuration Logical Drive RAID Level Stripe Size Logical Drive Size Cache Policy Read Policy Write P...

Page 57: ...rmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware...

Page 58: ...mber Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number Manufacturer Model Number Firmware level Target ID Device Type Logical Drive Number Drive Number M...

Page 59: ...roup are spanned Spanned drives can be treated as one large drive Data can be striped across multiple arrays as one logical drive You can create spanned drives by using the ADAC BIOS Setup utility or...

Page 60: ...span up to 4 logical drives is assumed RAID Level Description Drives Required Capacity 0 Striping without parity 1 32 Number of disks X capacity of smallest disk 1 Mirroring 2 Capacity of smallest di...

Page 61: ...oss all drives in two or more arrays 50 100 protection through data striping and parity All data is striped and parity data is written across all drives in two or more arrays Maximizing Drive Performa...

Page 62: ...k array Step Action 1 Optimize the ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller options for your system See Chapter 6 for additional information 2 Perform a low level format the SCSI drives that will be included in th...

Page 63: ...ored on a general purpose file server involves relatively short read and write operations with relatively small files Array Functions You must first define the major purpose of the disk array Will thi...

Page 64: ...spares Amount of cache memory installed on ADAC Ultra2 S466 Are all of the disk drives and the server protected by a UPS Using the Array Configuration Planner The following table lists the possible RA...

Page 65: ...RAID 3 Good Yes 67 3 RAID 5 Good Yes 67 4 None Excellent No 100 4 RAID 0 Excellent No 100 4 RAID 1 Good Yes 50 4 RAID 3 Good Yes 75 4 RAID 5 Good Yes 75 4 RAID 10 Good Yes 50 5 None Excellent No 100 5...

Page 66: ...ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide 52...

Page 67: ...m components q 2 Prepare the host system See the host system technical documentation q 3 Determine the SCSI ID and SCSI termination requirements q 4 Make sure the jumper settings on the ADAC Ultra2 S4...

Page 68: ...Turn the computer off and remove the cover 3 Make sure the motherboard jumper settings are correct 4 Install cache memory on the ADAC Ultra2 S466 card 4 MB minimum cache memory is required 5 Check the...

Page 69: ...the ADAC Ultra2 S466 Operating System Drivers Guide the ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide the software license agreement the ADAC Ultra2 S466 Configuration Utilities diskette for DOS and the warranty re...

Page 70: ...d No 8M x 36 32 MB FPM 5 V 60ns Yes Single sided No 16M x 36 64 MB FPM 5 V 60ns Yes Double sided No 32M x36 128 MB EDO SIMM EDO SIMMs are specified below The DRAM technology in the SIMM must have equa...

Page 71: ...ouble sided 4 MB x 36 Fast Page Mode 64 MB Single sided 16 MB x 36 Fast Page Mode 128 MB Double sided 32 MB x 36 Fast Page Mode Install cache memory on the ADAC Ultra2 S466 card in the SIMM socket Thi...

Page 72: ...r J6 External SCSI 2 Wide 16 bit connector 68 pin connector J5 Disk Activity LED four pin connector J1 Termination Enable Control 3 pin header J3 I2C connector 4 pin header J7 Cache memory SIMM socket...

Page 73: ...serve as a master and slave device that resided on the I2C bus when used with the I2C Bus Interface Unit Attach a four wire cable from J3 to the I2C Bus Interface Unit J4 Serial Port J4 is a 9 pin ber...

Page 74: ...re Pins 1 2 of J10 are always shorted This is the factory setting J11 J12 i960RP Initialization J11 and J12 are 2 pin bergs that specify the i960RP mode when initially powered up Mode 3 is used for no...

Page 75: ...always enabled regardless of the configuration However you can override this setting by setting another state For a disk array set SCSI bus termination so that removing or adding a SCSI device does no...

Page 76: ...rminate the other end of the SCSI bus by attaching an external SCSI terminator module to the end of the cable or by attaching a SCSI device that internally terminates the SCSI bus at the end of the SC...

Page 77: ...terminator module that is not part of any SCSI drive In this way SCSI termination is not disturbed when any drive is removed as shown below Terminating Internal and External Disk Arrays You can use b...

Page 78: ...e set to SCSI ID 2 and CD ROM drive set to SCSI ID 5 Make sure that no hard disk drives are attached to the same SCSI channel as the non disk SCSI devices Drive performance will be significantly degra...

Page 79: ...tra2 S466 controller card bus connector to the slot Press down gently but firmly to make sure that the card is properly seated in the slot The bottom edge of the controller card should be flush with t...

Page 80: ...Connect SCSI Devices When connecting SCSI devices Step Action 1 Disable termination on any SCSI device that does not sit at the end of the SCSI bus 2 Configure all SCSI devices to supply TermPWR 3 Se...

Page 81: ...or rounded and shielded or non shielded and ribbon cables have fairly good cross talk rejection characteristics Step 9 Set Target IDs Set target identifiers TIDs on the SCSI devices Each device in a...

Page 82: ...nt logical drives The SCSI 2 ANSI specification has a limit of eight LUNs per ID The SCSI 3 specification increased the number of LUNs to 16 An example of ID mapping follows Example of ADAC Ultra2 S46...

Page 83: ...Initializing Scanning SCSI Device etc The firmware takes several seconds to initialize During this time the adapter will scan the SCSI channel When ready the following appears Host Adapter 1 Firmware...

Page 84: ...p to 12 ADAC Ultra2 S466 adapters and virtual DMA services VDS for up to eight logical drives ASPI Driver CorelSCSI Novaback and PC Tools are not provided with ADAC Ultra2 S466 Drivers Devices Support...

Page 85: ...all the CD ROM device driver See the instructions on the previous page for adding the ADACASPI SYS driver Copy ADACDROM SYS to the root directory of the C drive Add the following line to CONFIG SYS ma...

Page 86: ...Configuration Software Guide for all information about ADAC Ultra2 S466 software utilities The utility programs for configuring ADAC Ultra2 S466 are Configuration Utility Operating System ADAC BIOS S...

Page 87: ...If the drive continues to fail replace the drive with another drive with the same capacity Pressed Ctrl M Ran ADAConf exe and tried to make a new configuration The system hangs when scanning devices C...

Page 88: ...onnected to a channel Make sure on a channel basis only two type of cables are connected at any one time If using an FPM SIMM make sure the RAS Access Time parameter is 70 ns Make sure that the ADAC U...

Page 89: ...of NVRAM and drives mismatch Run View Add Configuration option of Configuration Utility Press any key to run the Configuration Utility The configuration stored in the ADAC Ultra2 S466 adapter does no...

Page 90: ...ted and are powered on Run ADAC Configuration Manager to find out if any physical drives are not responding Reconnect replace or rebuild any drive that is not responding Insufficient memory to run BIO...

Page 91: ...e roaming feature found the same data on two or more physical drive on channel x with SCSI IDs a b and c ADAC cannot determine the drive that has the duplicate information Remove the drive or drives t...

Page 92: ...count 0x83 Invalid completion status received 0x84 Invalid command ID received 0x85 No adapters found or no PCI BIOS support 0x90 Unknown Setup completion error No non disk devices were located The dr...

Page 93: ...r that occurs at the hardware level because of a device failure poor cabling bad termination signal loss etc Virtual Sizing The Virtual Sizing option enables RAID expansion Virtual Sizing must be enab...

Page 94: ...rminators with the end devices located as close as possible to the terminators The characteristic impedance of the cable should be 90 6 ohms for the REQ and ACK signals and 90 10 ohms for all other si...

Page 95: ...nts Windows NT Setup from performing disk controller detection This allows you to install the driver from the Drivers disk you created All SCSI adapters must be installed manually 3 When Windows NT Se...

Page 96: ...ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide 82...

Page 97: ...The following connector pinouts are provided for both single ended and differebtial primary bus P CABLE as specified in SCSI 3 Parallel Interface X3T9 2 Project 885 D revision 12b date July 2 1993 The...

Page 98: ...Cable Assembly for Internal Wide SCSI Devices The cable assembly for connecting internal wide SCSI devices is shown below pin 1 pin 1 pin 1 Connectors 68 position plug male AMP 786090 7 Cable Flat Ri...

Page 99: ...and external wide SCSI devices is shown below pin 1 pin 1 pin 1 Connector A 68 position panel mount receptacle with 4 40 holes female AMP 786096 7 NOTE To convert to 2 56 holes use screwlock kit 74908...

Page 100: ...osition plug male AMP 749925 5 Connector B 50 position IDC receptacle female AMP 499252 4 1 746285 0 1 746288 0 Wire Twisted Pair Flat Cable or Laminated Discrete Wire Cable 25 pair 0 050 centerline 2...

Page 101: ...Type 30 The cable assembly for connecting internal wide SCSI devices to internal non wide SCSI devices is shown below pin 1 pin 1 Connector A 68 position plug male AMP 749925 5 Connector B 50 position...

Page 102: ...7 Connector B 50 position plug male AMP 786090 7 Wire Flat ribbon or twisted pair flat cable 50 conductor 0 025 centerline 30 AWG A B SCSI Cable Vendors Manufacturer Telephone Number Cables To Go Voi...

Page 103: ...DB 5 Ground 12 23 24 46 DB 6 Ground 13 25 26 47 DB 7 Ground 14 27 28 48 DB P Ground 15 29 30 49 SWAP L Ground 16 31 32 50 SHELF_OK TERMPWR 17 33 34 51 TERMPWR TERMPWR 18 35 36 52 TERMPWR Reserved 19 3...

Page 104: ...using 0 025 inch centerline flat ribbon cable with a high density connector AMPLIMITE 050 Series connectors Eight bit devices connected to the P Cable must leave the following signals open DB 8 DB 9...

Page 105: ...DB 7 13 25 26 47 DB 7 DB P 14 27 28 48 DB P Ground 15 29 30 49 Ground DIFFSENS 16 31 32 50 Ground TERMPWR 17 33 34 51 TERMPWR TERMPWR 18 35 36 52 TERMPWR Reserved 19 37 38 53 Reserved Ground 20 39 40...

Page 106: ...ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide 92...

Page 107: ...guration failed Two or more drives in a RAID 1 3 or 5 configuration failed One second on and one second off A logical drive is running in degraded mode One drive in a RAID 3 or 5 configuration failed...

Page 108: ...ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide 94...

Page 109: ...uration on Disk Configuration 29 Connecting Internal and External Wide Devices 87 Consistency check 8 Converting from Internal Wide to Internal Non Wide Type 3 90 Converting Internal Wide to Internal...

Page 110: ...Jumpers 58 on motherboard 55 L Logical Drive 15 Logical Drive States 16 M ADAC BIOS Setup 38 ADAC Ultra2 S466 Card Layout 58 ADAC Configuration Manager 38 Mirroring 11 Motherboard Jumpers 55 Multi th...

Page 111: ...ity 40 SCSI Device Types Supported 34 SCSI Drive State 16 SCSI Firmware 37 SCSI Termination 34 37 62 Set 61 SCSI to SCSI 17 SCSI to SCSI RAID Product 7 Serial Port 36 Serial port connector 58 Server M...

Page 112: ...ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide 98...

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