F
F
L
L
I
I
G
G
H
H
T
T
T
T
R
R
A
A
I
I
N
N
I
I
N
N
G
G
S
S
U
U
P
P
P
P
L
L
E
E
M
M
E
E
N
N
T
T
for SPORT
STAR
Light Sport Aircraft
Document No.: S2006FTSUS Revision: -
Date of Issue: 15/01/2006
Page:
88/130
4.12 Turns
4.12.1 Level Flight Turns
The first fundamental action prior to beginning any turn is to look into the
airspace in the direction which you intend to turn and check that there is no
other air traffic in the area or approaching towards it. It is also very
important to listen to the communications on a given frequency and monitor
air traffic within your proximity.
You can enter a turn from any cruise power setting, the turn radius will
depend on the airspeed and the angle of bank. Keep in mind that the angle
bank should not exceed 60 degrees which is an airplane limitation shown in
Aircraft Operating Instructions. Also keep in mind that the stall speed
increases in a turn.
As mentioned above a turn radius depends on your airspeed and bank. If
you turning with more than 30 degrees angle of bank then it will be
necessary to increase engine power because of the airplane tendency to
slow down due to aerodynamic drag. It will probably be necessary to apply
full power to execute a level turn of 60 degrees angle of bank. So watch the
airspeed during turns at high angles of bank. The load factor in a turn at a
stabilized 60 degree angle of bank reaches 2g and the stall speed in this
turn is 1.41 times higher than in level flight, which means for the Sportstar
an increase of the stall speed from 42 to 59 KIAS (from 78 to 110 km/h,
from 48 to 68 mph) with the wing flaps retracted. A risk of a stall in a turn
would be higher if you execute a steep turn at low airspeeds and fly into
turbulence.
To enter into a turn apply pressure to the appropriate rudder pedal (left for
a left turn) and simultaneously and proportionally to the rudder deflection
move the aileron control in the same direction (control stick to the left for a
left turn). Neutralize the foot and hand control after you reach the desired
angle of bank. The ball in the bank indicator should be in the middle
position if the turn is executeed properly. If it moves sideways then the
rudder pedal on the side of the ball should be pushed (ball to the left –
more left pedal) and airplane bank should be adjusted.
To maintain the airplane’s pitch attitude with the nose on the horizon during
a turn, it is necessary to eliminate the airplane’s tendency to pitch up or
down which is due to the gyroscopic moment caused by the engine (prop)
rotation and the airplane yawing. So to maintain level flight the control stick
