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Control Codes by Function

Near Letter Quality Mode

ESC “x” 1

Turns NLQ mode ON.

ESC “x”

Turns draft mode ON.

ESC “a”

Activates NLQ justification modes.

Character Width (Pitch)

ASCII 15

Turns compressed mode ON.

ASCII 18

Turns compressed mode OFF.

ASCII 14

Turns one-line expanded mode ON.

ASCII 20

Turns one-line expanded mode OFF.

ESC “M”

Turns elite mode ON.

ESC “I”’

Turns elite mode OFF.

ESC “W0”

Turns either expanded mode OFF.

ESC “W1”

Turns continuous expanded mode ON.

Character Weight

ESC “E”
ESC “F”
ESC “G”
ESC “H”

Turns emphasized mode ON.
Turns emphasized mode OFF.

Turns double-strike mode ON.
Turns double-strike mode OFF.

Print Enhancement

ESC “S0”
ESC “S1”
ESC “T”
ESC

“-0"

ESC “-1”

Turns superscript mode ON.
Turns subscript mode ON.
Turns either script mode OFF.
Turns underline mode OFF.
Turns underline mode ON.

Mode and Character-Set Selection

ESC “!”

ESC

“4”

ESC “5”
ESC
ESC “R”
ESC “m”

Master select.

Turns italic mode ON.
Turns italic mode OFF.

Reset code.
Selects an international character set.
Selects and cancels special graphics characters.

Summary of Contents for LX-80

Page 1: ...EPSON LX 80 PRINTER User s Manual ...

Page 2: ...ay cause interference which exceeds the limits established by the FCC for this equipment If this equipment has more than one interface connector do not leave cables connected to unused interfaces Apple is a registered trademark of Apple Computer Inc Applesoft is a trademark of Apple Computer Inc Centronics is a registered trademark of Data Computer Corporation LX 80 is a trademark of Epson America...

Page 3: ...Exercise 2 SelecType Choosing Print Modes Turning SelecType Mode On Using SelecType First SelecType Exercises Testing Your Software for the Reset Code Mode Combinations SelecType Cautions and Tips 3 Elements of Dot Matrix Printing The Print Head Bidirectional Printing Changing Pitches NLQ Mode 4 Printer Control Codes ASCII Codes ESCape Code Printer Codes Embedded codes Inserted codes Programming L...

Page 4: ...ript Special Characters International Characters Graphics Character Set 7 Page Formatting Margins Justification with NLQ Skip Over Perforation Line Spacing Paper Out Sensor 8 User Defined Characters Defining Your Own Characters Designing Process First definition program Running the program Second definition program Running the program Defining NLQ Characters NLQ grid First NLQ definition program S...

Page 5: ...A ASCII Codes and Character Fonts Special Graphics Characters Draft International Characters B Control Codes in Numeric Order Control Key Chart C Control Codes by Function Near Letter Quality Mode Character Width Pitch Character Weight Print Enhancement Mode and Charcter Set Selection Special Printer Features Line Spacing Forms Control Page Format User defined Characters Dot Graphics D The DIP Swi...

Page 6: ...ions for Specific Systems Applesoft BASIC solutions Apple II solutions TRS 80T solutions IBM PCTM s o l u t i o n QX 10 solutions Printer Maintenance Always NowandThen Rarely Technical Specifications Printing Character size Characters per line Paper Printer Dimensions and Weight Environment Interface The Parallel Interface Data Transfer Sequence Interface timing Signal relationships F 1 F 1 F 1 F ...

Page 7: ...characters 6 4 Italic and pica 6 5 The underline mode 6 6 Special graphics characters 7 1 8 1 8 2 8 3 8 4 8 5 8 6 8 7 Standard line spacing Grid for designing draft characters Correct and incorrect designs Design for sigma Using the bottom eight rows Grid for NLQ characters Data numbers for one column Arrow design and data numbers 9 1 9 2 9 3 9 4 9 5 9 6 9 7 D 1 Pin labels Calculating numbers for ...

Page 8: ... Open Top of in feed cover page position Parallel interface timing List of Tables SelecType modes Mode combinations Summary of LX 80 pitches International characters in NLQ mode International characters in draft mode International characters in draft italic Graphics modes DIP switch functions International DIP switch settings Pins and signals Signal interrelations E 1 E 2 E 2 E 3 E 4 E 5 E 5 E 6 I...

Page 9: ...80 offers l Draft mode for quick printing of ordinary work l Near Letter Quality mode for top quality printing l A variety of print styles including Roman and italic six widths and two kinds of bold printing l User definable characters so you can create and print your own symbols or characters l High resolution graphics for charts diagrams and illustrations l Eleven international character sets l ...

Page 10: ...0 a quick reading of the first chapter may be all you need If on the other hand you are new to computers and printers you will find this manual easy to follow and the LX 80 easy to use No matter what your background if you want to learn about and experiment with all the advanced features of the LX 80 the information you need is here For a preview of what your LX 80 can do look at the following sam...

Page 11: ...r This chapter will have you printing a test pattern within fifteen to twenty minutes and doing more complicated work not long after Printer Parts First see that you have all the parts you need In addition to this manual the printer box should contain the items shown in Figure l 1 cord In the United States the printer is delivered with the power cord attached Figure 1 1 Printer parts 3 ...

Page 12: ... switches Accidentally turning off a switch can wipe out valuable informa tion in your computer s memory and disrupt your printing l Avoid using an outlet on the same circuit breaker with any large electrical machines or appliances These can cause disruptive pow er fluctuations l Keep your printer and computer away from base units for cordless telephones l Protect the printer from direct sunlight ...

Page 13: ...allation The LX 80 printer uses a continuous loop inked fabric ribbon which is enclosed in a cassette that makes ribbon installation and replacement a clean and easy job The parts of this cassette are labelled in Figure 1 3 Figure 1 3 Ribbon cassette 5 ...

Page 14: ...er of the printer so that the other parts of the printer will not get in your way Also be sure that the paper bail is against the black roller so it too will not be in your way Note Moving the print head by hand when the printer is turned on can harm the printer Always be sure that the printer is turned off before you move the print head Figure l 4 Print bead assembly ...

Page 15: ...der by first sliding the pins at the back of the ribbon cassette under the small hooks on the holder See Figure l 5 Then lower the front of the cassette so that the exposed section of ribbon can fit between the print head nose and the silver ribbon guide Push down until the cassette fits firmly in place Figure 1 5 Ribbon cassette installation 7 ...

Page 16: ... pencil Figure l 6 Ribbon placement Ribbon Replacement When your printing begins to become light and you need to re place the ribbon lift the front of the cassette to remove it and then follow the above instructions with a new cassette If you have been using your printer just before you change cassettes be aware that the print head becomes hot during use Be careful not to touch it Also remember ne...

Page 17: ...Paper Loading Now put a sheet of paper in your LX 80 so you can test it Figure 1 7 shows the names of the parts that you need to know Friction lever Figure 1 7 LX 80 ready for paper loading 9 ...

Page 18: ... Then push the paper bail against the paper If the paper becomes crooked pull the friction release lever forward straighten the paper and push the friction lever back If you have the optional tractor unit for continuous pin feed paper see Appendix E for instructions on its use Control Panel Now that your paper is loaded it is time to plug in the printer and see what the buttons on the control pane...

Page 19: ...hes the printer between on line and off line status When the printer is on line the ON LINE light glows and the printer is ready to accept data The following two buttons work only when the printer is off line If the ON LINE light is on press the ON LINE button to put the printer off line before you use these buttons l The FF Form Feed button advances the paper to the top of the next page l The LF ...

Page 20: ... switch The LX 80 will begin printing all the letters numbers and other characters that are stored in its ROM Read Only Memory for the draft mode When the printing starts you can release the LF button the printing will continue until you turn the printer off or until the print head gets near the end of the page To see the same test in the NLQ Near Letter Quality mode turn the printer on while hold...

Page 21: ...computer manual or your dealer will tell you what you need Then once you have plugged your printer cable into your printer and computer you will probably never think about interfaces again If you do want the technical specifications however you can find them in Appendix I The first three steps in connecting your printer and computer are shown in Figure 1 10 Plug one end of your printer cable into ...

Page 22: ...inting you plan to do If you have a word processing or other commercial software program just load the program in your computer follow its printing instructions and watch your LX 80 print If you plan to use your LX 80 for printing program listings load a program and use your computer system s listing command LLIST for Microsoft BASIC for example Note If all the lines of your first printing exercis...

Page 23: ...ive you a great choice of width weight and style of characters You can activate these modes in several different ways depending on your needs and the capabili ties of your software The most common ways include placing print ing codes in your document using a programming language such as BASIC and giving print commands as part of the printing instruc tions for your software Often the SelecType feat...

Page 24: ...and you don t have to re edit the document to put in print codes SelecType is also handy for selecting narrow pitches to put more characters on a line If you find that your spreadsheet would be too wide for a single page in pica with SelecType you can choose com pressed to fit over 130 characters on a line or compressed elite for over 150 characters In addition you undoubtedly will have your own u...

Page 25: ...the panel buttons to their former operation Using SelecType Once you have turned on SelecType you select the print functions you want according to Table 2 1 The mode number is the number of times you press the ON LINE button to select each function After you press the ON LINE button the required number of times press the FF button to set your selection Then press the LF button to turn off SelecTyp...

Page 26: ...are as well as with BASIC or another programming language but for now try a simple exercise using BASIC You don t need to know anything about programming for this exercise It is merely for practice If your computer system does not include BASIC or if you would rather not use it skip to the next section Type the short BASIC program listed below 10 LPRINT This is a sample program 20 LF RINT Notice t...

Page 27: ...de A few commercial software programs clear all previous modes by resetting the LX SO before printing each document Of course this resetting wipes out whatever you have done with SelecType But don t worry if your software resets the printer you can still use SelecType In Appendix F we tell you ways around the problem Since only a few programs reset the LX 80 before printing you probably won t have...

Page 28: ...t resetting codes and continue to use SelecType as described above If your example is once again printed in pica turn your printer off and back on Then try the steps above one more time to be sure that you made no mistakes If your printout is still in pica after the second test turn to Appendix F for an explanation of how to solve the problem Now that you know the basics of using SelecType all you...

Page 29: ...ceiving codes for conflicting modes If it receives codes for two modes that it can t combine it uses only one of the codes The essential element in combining modes is keeping a correct count of the number of times you press the ON LINE button You do not start counting again after you press the FF button the first time Instead you continue the count Therefore pressing the ON LINE button three times...

Page 30: ... two minor restrictions however l SelecType is designed to control the printing of an entire file or document not an individual line or word To print a single word in an enhanced mode use one of the other print control methods listed at the beginning of this chapter l If there are print codes in the document or file you are printing those codes override your SelecType settings This seldom hap pens...

Page 31: ...ot This dot is about 1 72nd of an inch in diameter The size varies slightly depending upon the age of the ribbon and the type of paper used As the head moves horizon tally across the page these pins are fired time after time in different patterns to produce letters numbers symbols or graphics For example to print a pica capital T the head fires the top pin moves 1 60th of an inch fires the top pin...

Page 32: ...e calculations necessary for this bidirectional printing so you don t have to be concerned about it You simply do your part of the work as if the printer will be printing from left to right on each line and let the LX 80 do all the necessary calculations so that you can enjoy the increased speed Changing Pitches In addition to pica in which there are 10 characters per inch the LX 80 can also print...

Page 33: ...The three pitches of the LX 80 The dot pattern of each character is carefully designed so that in pica mode no dot overlaps another The reason is that in normal high speed printing of pica the pins cannot fire and retract and fire again quickly enough to print one dot overlapping another 25 ...

Page 34: ...letters are more fully formed than the draft letters be cause they are made up of many more dots Two differences between draft and NLQ printing enable the LX 80 to print such a large num ber of dots for each character In the NLQ mode the head moves more slowly so that dots can overlap horizontally and each character is printed with two passes of the print head To further insure the quality of NLQ ...

Page 35: ...raft to NLQ but you can also select and cancel the NLQ mode with a software command or with a special switch in the back of your printer You can find the software command in Chapter 5 and the operation of the switch called a DIP switch in Appendix D 27 ...

Page 36: ...er however do not use or understand letters of the alphabet They function by manipulating numbers Therefore when you press the A key for example the computer sends a number to its memory When the computer tells the printer to print that letter it sends the number to the printer which must then convert the number to a pattern of pins that will fire to print the dots that make up that letter The num...

Page 37: ...designed to use the decimal numbers 0 through 127 computer and printer manufacturers soon extended this range to 0 through 255 in order to make room for more features On the LX 80 for example the codes from 160 through 254 are used for italic characters Because even this extended range is not enough for all the features used on modern printers the range is further extended with a special code call...

Page 38: ...o use Incidentally there is no standard terminology for software codes thus the terms in your software manual may be different from the ones we use here In general there are three ways you send printer codes with com mercial software l Using SelecType the feature described in Chapter 2 l Instructing the program during an installation or setup procedure so that you can then use codes that are typed...

Page 39: ...know which codes to send Often you don t even need to specify which Epson printer you are using You usually tell the program what printer you are using through an installation or set up procedure The instructions should be in your software manual In addition your software or computer dealer may be able to help you Many programs that use embedded codes also have a few com mands that the user can de...

Page 40: ...of your word processing program until you become more familiar with both of them Then you can decide whether or not you need or want to learn to use inserted codes Programming Languages If neither of the methods described above seems appropriate for your application you can write a program in BASIC or any other programming language to send control codes to your printer In the chapter on page forma...

Page 41: ...n t need to know anything about BASIC to type in and run these programs Just check your BASIC manual to see how to load BASIC in your computer and how to run a program As you run the programs or even as you read the explanations and look at the printed examples you learn how the LX 80 responds to the mes sages your computer sends it by printing letters numbers symbols and graphics in various print...

Page 42: ...users can enter and run the programs exactly as they appear in these pages If your computer system uses any other kind of BASIC you may have to make a few changes Probably the only item you will need to change is the instruction LPRINT which is the MBASIC command to send something to the printer Some forms of BASIC use PR l at the beginning of a program to route information to the printer and PR 0...

Page 43: ...Now run the program to see the line printed in compressed mode Cancelling Codes As you saw in the third version of the print pitch program you must cancel a code when you do not want it any more With very few exceptions the LX 80 modes stay on until they are cancelled It is important to remember this because an LX 80 mode can stay on even if you change from BASIC to another type of software For ex...

Page 44: ...y time you turn the printer on The two effects of resetting the printer that you should be concerned with are it returns the printing to single strike pica thus cancelling any other pitches or enhancements you may have turned on and the current position of the print head becomes the top of page setting Some of our demonstration programs end with a reset code so that the commands from one program w...

Page 45: ...but doesn t turn off elite giving you the printout below DEF Jr M i i I f l If your printout is different you may need a WIDTH statement such as the one below 5 WIDTH LPRINT 255 The format for your system will probably be different Consult your BASIC manual Near Letter Quality Mode The examples so far in this chapter are in the draft mode and you have already learned how to turn on the NLQ mode wi...

Page 46: ...PI Codes t 1 inch On Off Near L et ter Quality 10 00 ESC x 1 ESC x 0 3 i Y yti I 10 00 Elite pri rrt 12 00 ESC M ESC P r oepr essej 0 nt 17 16 15 18 iqtt ess ei 1 te f3 if 20 00 ESC M 15 ESC P 18 Remember that you don t have to use BASIC to change modes you can use any method that sends the printer the proper codes 40 ...

Page 47: ...ressed that we covered in Chapter 5 the LX 80 offers many other typestyles including two for bold printing emphasized and double strike Emphasized mode In the emphasized mode the LX 80 prints each dot twice with the second dot slightly to the right of the first In order to do this the print head must slow down so that it has time to fire retract and fire the pins quickly enough to produce the over...

Page 48: ...ized ESCape E Master program First type in the program below If you have some programming experience you can see that the program asks you what codes you want to test and then prints a sample of what the codes do Be sure to type in the blank spaces in lines 70 and 80 If you are using Applesoft BASIC see Appendix F 20 PRINT Which ESCape code do you II 30 INPIJT want to test A 40 PRINT What kind of ...

Page 49: ... the paper up slightly and prints the line again Each dot is printed twice with the second one slightly below the first as you can see in Figure 6 2 tiiiiil Figure 6 2 Double strike and single strike Unlike emphasized double strike combines with any draft pitch but not with NLQ because it does not overlap dots horizontally Since each line in this mode is printed twice the speed of your printing is...

Page 50: ...o turn on expanded For this mode the letter and the numeral one together turn on the mode and the letter and the numeral zero together turn it off Thus ESCape W1 turns on expanded and ESCape W0 turns it off Those of you who are programmers may be interested in another form of expanded In this alternate form called one line expanded the printing is the same as that in Figure 6 3 but it is turned on...

Page 51: ...phasized expanded Your printout should be in the typestyle below showing that the two modes combine with no trouble You can experiment with other combinations if you wish or you can wait for the section later in this chapter that explains a special ESCape code Master Select which allows you to combine as many as seven features with one ESCape code When you are through trying combinations be sure t...

Page 52: ...arks in our discussions of ESCape codes is an alphanumeric character not a numerical value Underline Mode The LX 80 also has a mode that will underline characters and spaces You turn it on with ESCape 1 and off with ESCape 0 Note that the underline code is like the expanded code in that it uses a character in this case the hyphen or minus sign combined with numeral one to turn it on and a characte...

Page 53: ... fill the spaces between characters If you prefer a continuous underline you may be able to use the underline mode through one of the methods we discussed in Chapter 4 Master Select The LX 80 has a special ESCape code called Master Select that allows you to choose any possible combination of eight different modes pica elite compressed emphasized double strike expanded italic and underline The form...

Page 54: ...CHR M 30 LPRINT This sample of printing u ses 40 LPRINT Master Select number M 50 LPRINT CHR 27 In this program you can use any number you calculate with the formula above but remember that emphasized can t combine with compressed or elite If you try to combine emphasized with either of the two narrow pitches you won t harm your printer it will simply use a priority list in its memory to determine...

Page 55: ...pe SO or ESCape S1 in the master program but that will print the whole sentence in superscript or subscript Some more realistic exam ples are below E ttl H i This Farrt i 5 cILLnd if t f rree sO it lT BEi 7 As you can see you can use superscript or subscript for an indi vidual character Just find out how to send printer codes in your applications program then send the proper codes to the printer S...

Page 56: ...ect the French character set is LPRINT CHR 27 R CHR 1 The other method of selecting an international character set is with the small switches called DIP switches in the back of the printer If you plan to use one of the international sets quite a bit see Appendix D for instructions for using the DIP switches Once you have selected a character set whether you do it with the ESCape code or the DIP sw...

Page 57: ...r from the top row of one of the figures in order to print the corresponding character in the row of the set you have chosen For example if you have reset the DIP switches for the UK character set and you press the key the f symbol will be generated Even though you will see the symbol on the screen the 2 symbol will be printed on the paper For another example if you have selected the Swedish chara...

Page 58: ... with a graphics shift or other special key that allows you to send graphics codes Sending the codes for these characters to the printer is a two step process just as it is for the international characters In BASIC first you send CHR 27 m CHR 4 to turn on the graphics character set then you send the code numbers given in Figure 6 6 After you have used the ESCape code to turn on the graphics charac...

Page 59: ...you must change the line spacing when you combine line graphics characters to form boxes or other figures For most programs ESCape 1 gives you the best line spacing for combinations of graphics characters Further details on line spacing are in Chapter 7 Although you can use any print mode with the graphics characters we suggest that you not use elite or compressed These modes cause small gaps in h...

Page 60: ...lumn num ber of the right margin you want For the left margin command be sure to use a lowercase letter 1 not the numeral one If your word processing program does not allow you to change the margins you can send margin commands to your LX 80 with BASIC or another programming language before you print your documents For example if you prefer wider margins than your word processing program gives you...

Page 61: ...he right margin is not This is the way most typewritten pages look The centering command centers a line of text between the margins This is handy for headings titles and captions Right justification is the opposite of left justification The right margin is even and the left is not Full justification puts extra spaces between words where necessary so that both the left and right margins are even Th...

Page 62: ...the perforation See Appendix E if you need to refresh your memory on setting the top of page Line Spacing Ordinarily you don t have to worry about how the printer moves the paper so that it doesn t print lines of text on top of each other the LX 80 takes care of this without any special instructions If however you want to understand how line spacing works or you need to change the line spacing for...

Page 63: ...e between lines The LX 80 has several commands to do this ESCape 0 decreases the line spacing to 9 dot 9 72 inch ESCape 1 decreases it to 7 dot and ESCape 2 returns it to 12 dot In addition there are commands to specify the line spacing in 72nds of an inch and 216ths of an inch If you need to make such fine adjustments in the line spacing see Appendix B for the proper com mands In the chapter on d...

Page 64: ...e printing about 2 inches from the end of the page Therefore if you use single sheet paper in your LX 80 you can t print on the last 2 inches of each page without an adjustment For most computer systems you merely send the printer an ESCape 8 to deactivate the paper out sensor or change one of the DIP switches described in Appendix D Then you can print to the end of the page with single sheet pape...

Page 65: ...ne but remember that these characters are truly user defined you create what you need or want c c 2 v it 43 It may seem that designing a character and telling the LX 80 how to print it would be extremely complicated but we have reduced the task to a simple three step process planning your character running one program that tests your work and calculates the required DATA numbers and running anothe...

Page 66: ...er and either the top or the bottom row must be empty Look at the enlargements of sample letters in Chapter 3 to see how the standard LX 80 characters are designed Designing Process Suppose that you need the Greek letter sigma 2 for your work Although the LX 80 has a number of special symbols the sigma is not one of them You can however create and print such a symbol with ease First use a grid lik...

Page 67: ...ll work but only one of the dots will be printed First definition program Once you have drawn your dots on the grid type in the following BASIC program and run it If you are using Applesoft BASIC see Appendix F 100 DIM F 9 110 FOR I 1 TO 9 120 PRINT WHICH ROWS HAVE DOTS IN COLUMN 1 130 INPUT R IF R 0 THEN 150 140 F I F I 2 R 1 150 IF R 0 THEN NEXT I ELSE GOT0 130 160 LPRINT CHR 27 CHR O CHR O CHR ...

Page 68: ...l lines in the grid are the even numbered columns In our example the program first asks what rows have dots in column 1 Respond with 8 RETURN and 2 RETURN to indicate that you want dots in rows 8 and 2 Then press RETURN alone to indicate that no more dots go in column 1 For column 2 the vertical line enter 7 and 3 with a RETURN after each of them Then enter RETURN to finish with column 2 and go on...

Page 69: ... want to make any changes move the dots as needed and re run the program If you want to put dots in the bottom row change the number in line 190 from 128 to 0 Then the usable rows will be as shown in Figure 8 4 below 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Figure 8 4 Using the bottom eight rows Second definition program Once the character looks the way you want it to enter modify and run the next progra...

Page 70: ...your own character If you have created more than one character put the DATA numbers for each character on a separate line as you see in the example below 210 DATA 112 8 0 138 116 138 0 8 112 220 DATA 58 68 2 128 0 128 2 68 58 Check your work by making sure that there are nine numbers in each line and that the numbers are separated by commas To define more than one character use the total number of...

Page 71: ...et code If you have designed a few characters and want to use them with your word processing program for example just run the second definition program before you start using your word processing program Then use the two line printout as your guide to tell you which keys to press for your new characters Defining NLQ Characters Since NLQ characters use many more dots than draft characters defining ...

Page 72: ... for space be tween characters however Each NLQ character definition requires 36 data numbers There fore each vertical column must be divided into three sections for the calculation of data numbers The process is not difficult once you get some practice using it Figure 8 6 shows a single column to make clear how the data numbers are calculated Notice that in designing NLQ characters we suggest usi...

Page 73: ...o the middle group the next 8 posi tions and add the values of any dots that are used there Finally you look at the bottom group 2 dot positions and add together the values used there If no dots are used in a group the data number for that group is zero All zeros must be entered in the DATA statements for the NLQ definition programs Now we ll show you how to use the NLQ character definition with a...

Page 74: ... Figure 8 7 Arrow design and data numbers If you look at each column individually you can see how the data numbers were calculated First NLQ definition program Now type in and run the following program It has the data num bers for the arrow design For a character of your own change the data numbers in lines 130 150 70 ...

Page 75: ...efinition program When you are satisfied with the character you have created enter and run the next program Use your data numbers instead of the ones in lines 130 150 If you want to define more than one character change line 10 so that J equals the total number of characters you are defining the maximum is six and enter the extra data numbers 36 for each character 10 J l IF J 3 THEN A 58 ELSE A 60...

Page 76: ...hen redefines one or more of them and prints them again As with the draft charac ters you use this two line printout as a guide to the new characters your LX 80 will print You can use them with an applications prog ram or a program you write yourself 72 ...

Page 77: ...LX 80 s ROM Read Only Memory the graphics mode prints dots column by column and line by line You plan where you want the dots to appear and then use a program to tell the LX 80 where to put them Because many software programs take advantage of Epson dot graphics you may be able to print graphics like the ones on this page and the next by simply giving your software a few instructions The chart on ...

Page 78: ...raphic images approximately the same way that pictures in newspapers and magazines are printed If you look closely at a newspaper photograph you can see that it is made up of many small dots The LX 80 also forms its images with patterns of dots In fact the resolution of Epson graphics is higher than that of standard newspaper photographs because the LX 80 graphics mode allows as many as 240 dot po...

Page 79: ...ng must be adjusted to eliminate the space between lines When the line spacing is properly adjusted the LX 80 prints finely detailed graphics images that give no indication that they are made up of separate lines each no more than 1 8 of an inch wide To insure the proper alignment of dots in figures that use more than one pass of the print head the LX 80 abandons the bidirectional printing it uses...

Page 80: ... can t accept decimal numbers larger than 255 Therefore the graphics mode command uses two numbers for reserving col umns The number of columns reserved is the first number plus 256 times the second number Since the command is set up for two numbers you must supply two even if you only need one When you need less than 256 columns just make nt the number of columns you are reserving and make n2 a z...

Page 81: ...graphics pin you send 1 If you want to fire only the top and bottom pins you simply add 128 and 1 then send 129 By adding the appropriate label numbers together you can fire any combination of pins you want Figure 9 2 shows you three examples of how to calculate the number that will fire a particular pattern of pins 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 not used s 0 0 a 0 0 a a 0 128 16 2 id 28 01 64 64 8 2 7r 128...

Page 82: ...of single density graphics As usual our example is in Microsoft BASIC but you can adapt it to the programming language you prefer 10 LPRINT CHR 27 K CHR 40 CHR O The second line is the data that is printed as pin patterns Be sure that you type in the semicolons in both lines 20 FOR X 1 TO 40 LPRINT CHR 74 NEXT X That s it Run the program to see the result below Although it is not as interesting as...

Page 83: ...RINT CHR 27 CWR lOo CMR O 40 FOR X 1 TO 50 LPRINT CHR 85 CHR 42 50 NEXT X LPRIN 60 LPRIMT CHR 27 K CHR lOO CHR O 70 FOR X l TO 50 LPRINT CEJR 42 CHR 85 80 NEXT X LPRINT NEXT R 90 LPRINT CHR 27 Now run the program to see the six print lines combine into a pattern The short and simple program that produced the pattern demon strates many elements of graphics programming Therefore we ll ex plain each ...

Page 84: ...apter have been in the single density graphics mode the LX 80 offers five other eight pin density modes and two nine pin ones Nine pin graphics is not neces sary for most uses but you can find its command Escape in Appendix B All the eight pin densities and their commands are de scribed in Table 9 1 Table 9 l Graphics modes Mode Density Alternate code Description 0 Single ESC K 60 dots inch 480 do...

Page 85: ...d double density to mode 5 one to one LPRINT CHR 27 Y CHR S As usual this example is in MBASIC but you can send the code in any programming language Even if you don t know which code your graphics program uses a little experimentation should tell you whether the reassigning code can improve your graphics printouts Column Reservation Numbers Now that we ve introduced you to the rest of the S pin gr...

Page 86: ...e of N up to the maximum number of columns per line for that density WIDTH Statements Many computer systems automatically insert the control codes for a carriage return and a line feed after every 80 characters This inser tion is usually no problem with text but it can spoil your graphics In the graphics mode they may insert the control codes after 120 col umns which could be in the middle of a li...

Page 87: ...ou want Figure 9 3 shows the differences between the three most used graphics modes so that you can choose the one you want Figure 9 3 Designing in different densities In this figure you can see the main rules for graphics design in the three densities In single density no dots can be placed on vertical lines In high speed double density dots can be placed on vertical lines but no dots can overlap...

Page 88: ...dots high Then each column was examined and the sums of the pin values determined This process for the first line is shown in Figure 9 5 The pin values are on the left side and the sums are at the bottom of each column Those of you who have read the previous chapter will see that designing graphics is much like designing user defined characters r 810888888421000000000234100 41000000000000000000820...

Page 89: ...e number 128 in the DATA statements to signal the end of a print line This is the reason for the IF THEN statement in line 610 that skips to line 650 and causes a line feed The other special technique used in this program is found in lines 620 and 630 Since some of the data numbers are repeated many times we save typing by using negative DATA numbers for repeti tions Line 620 tests for a negative ...

Page 90: ...r the following program 20 LPRINT CHR 27 K CHR 50 CHR 0 30 LPRINT CHR 27 1 40 FOR G l TO 50 LPRINT CHR 74 NEXT G This program has all the necessary elements Line 20 has the com mand for single density graphics and specifies 50 columns Remem ber that you must use two numbers to reserve columns even if you only need the first one Line 30 has the correct command for 7 dot line spacing and line 40 cal...

Page 91: ...d normally be the command for 7 dot line spacing but since the graphics mode is still in effect the command is inter preted by the printer as two pin patterns 27 and 49 the ASCII codes for ESCape and 1 Since there is no semicolon at the end of this line the numbers 13 and 10 are sent again and again they are printed as pin patterns In line 40 nothing is sent to the printer until after the LPRINT T...

Page 92: ...spacing command in line 10 delete line 30 and add two semicolons one at the end of line 20 and one between CHR 74 and the colon in line 40 We have explained this incorrect program in detail so that you will remember two important tips about using the graphics command l Use semicolons to prevent the LX 80 from printing carriage re turn and line feed codes as pin patterns l Do not put any other comm...

Page 93: ...er programming language can cause problems on some compu ter systems The problem is that most computer systems handle some of these codes in a special way instead of delivering them to the printer For example one computer system handles form feeds by itself It counts lines to keep track of the top of page If a program sends the ASCII code for form feed 12 to the printer the computer system interce...

Page 94: ...econd section displays the decimal and hexadecimal numbers a printout and an enlarged dot matrix for each of the special graphics characters and the draft international characters Other dot matrixes are in Chapter 3 The enlarged dot matrix characters are shown in elite to save space Sending printer codes is discussed in Chapter 4 and the method of printing the special graphics and international ch...

Page 95: ...9 77 120 78 121 79 122 7A 123 78 124 7C 125 7D 126 7E B A H C D E F G H I J k L II N 0 P Q R S T u V w x Y 2 C 1 c d e f 1 J If 1 Ill n 0 P 9 t 0 t CI w Y 2 1 127 7F DEL Dee Hex CHR Dee Hex CHR 192 co 193 Cl 194 c2 195 c3 196 C4 197 c5 198 C6 199 c7 200 ca 201 CQ 202 CA 203 CB 204 CC 205 CD 206 CE 207 CF 208 DO 209 Dl 210 D2 211 D3 212 D4 213 D5 214 D6 215 07 216 Da 217 DQ 218 DA 219 DB 220 DC 221...

Page 96: ...ecial Graphics Characters Dec 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 Hex 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 Character L Y 4 t I I I Hex 89 Character 138 8A 1 139 8B I 140 8C 141 m 142 I 143 144 8D 8E 8F 90 L 1 tiiiiil A 3 ...

Page 97: ...Dec Hex Character Dec Hex Character 145 91 k 148 94 150 96 is 152 98 u 154 9B A 155 9C 156 9C L 157 9D 158 9E 159 9F A 4 ...

Page 98: ...Draft International Characters Roman characters Italic characters I 1 i A 5 ...

Page 99: ...s LPRINT CHR 27 CHR 69 orL PRINT CHR 27 E See Chapter 4 and your system documentation for other methods of sending codes to the printer Some applications programs can use control key codes for decimal codes O 26 See the control key chart at the end of this appendix or the Quick Reference Card for a complete list of control key values Abbreviations cpi characters per inch cps characters per second ...

Page 100: ...nded mode ON for the length of the line Can be can celled by ASCII 20 or ESC W0 Works with pica elite or compress ed mode Shift in Empties buffer and turns compressed 17 16 cpi ON Cannot mix with emphasized or pica Can also use DIP switch l l When DIP switch 2 2 is OFF places printer in the active state Device control 2 Turns compressed mode OFF Device control 3 When DIP switch 2 2 is OFF places p...

Page 101: ...2 a d d The 0 is for future use c is the start ing character cz is the ending charac ter Both cl and c2 must be between 58 and 63 inclusive If a 128 char acter uses top 8 pins if a 128 character uses bottom 8 pins Each character in the range cl c2 requires an attribute byte a and 11 data bytes 4 1 If NLQ mode is selected first the command requires 3 bytes for a The first ao is ignored the second a...

Page 102: ... Format ESC n where n 0 7 Sets line spacing to 1 8 inch 9 dot Sets line spacing to 7 72 inch 7 dot Returns line spacing to the default of 1 6 inch 12 dot Sets line spacing to n 216 inch 1 216 inch is 1 3 dot Stays on until changed Format ESC 3 n where n O 255 Turns italic mode ON Turns italic mode OFF Disables the paper out sensor Can also be disabled with DIP switch l 5 Enables the paper out sens...

Page 103: ...r Sets line spacing to n 72 inch n dot Format ESC A n where n O 255 Sets up to 16 vertical tabs in the cur rent line spacing Tab settings are not affected by subsequent changes in line spacing Format ESC B nl n2 nk 0 where nk 1 255 Terminate this tab sequence with 0 or a number less than the last defined tab nk Sets the form length to n lines in the current line spacing The default is 66 lines Als...

Page 104: ...ab sequence with 0 or a number less than the last defined tab nk Turns emphasized mode ON Can not mix with elite or compressed mode Turns emphasized mode OFF Turns double strike mode ON Can not mix with NLQ mode Turns double strike mode OFF Forces an immediate line feed of n 216 inches without changing the current line spacing Prints the con tents of the buffer without a carriage return Format ESC...

Page 105: ...Can not mix with NLQ pica or empha sized mode Sets skip over perforation to n lines Format ESC N n where n l 127 Turns skip over perforation OFF Turns elite mode OFF Returns to pica unless compressed mode is ac tive Sets the right margin Also cancels all text that is in the print buffer Format ESC Q n where n ranges from 2 80 in pica 3 96 in elite 4 137 in compressed 4 160 in compressed elite You ...

Page 106: ...F 1 turns it ON Turns expanded mode ON stays ON until turned OFF Cannot be turned off with ASCII 20 Format ESC W n ESC 89 59 Y ESC 90 5A Z where n toggles the mode on and off 0 turns it OFF 1 turns it ON Turns high speed double density graphics mode ON gives the same density as ESC L but cannot print two adjacent dots in the same row Turns quadruple density graphics mode ON Allows 1920 dot posi ti...

Page 107: ... 0 for left justification n 1 for centering n 2 for right justifica tion and n 3 for full justification Sets up to 16 vertical tabs for channel n Format ESC b n nl n2 nk 0 where n 0 7 and n 0 is the same as ESC B Terminate this tab se quence with 0 or a number less than the last defined tab nk Sets horizontal and vertical tab incre ments Horizontal format ESC e0 n where n is the number of spaces a...

Page 108: ... 156 in compressed elite Makes available the graphics charac ter set which is stored behind the control codes at ASCII positions 128 to 159 Format ESC m n where n toggles the character set on and off 4 turns the graphics charac ters ON 0 turns them OFF Selects the print speed Half speed mode can be employed to reduce noise Format ESC s n where n toggles half speed on and off so that 1 produces 50 ...

Page 109: ...5 High Hex 80 Symbol NUL 87 BEL 88 BS 89 HT 8A LF 8B VT 8C FF 8D CR 8E SO 8F SI 92 DC2 93 DC4 97 CAN 98 EM 9B ESC Function Terminates horizontal and vertical tab setting ESCape sequence Sounds beeper Backspace Horizontal tab Line feed Vertical tab Form feed Carriage return Shift out turns expanded mode O N Shift in turns compressed mode O N Device control 2 turns compres sed mode OFF Device contro...

Page 110: ...r or symbol in that column For example you press the control key and A at the same time to send the value 1 Some programs that use this system cannot use control and many programs use the control keys for other purposes Decimal Hexadecimal 0 00 1 01 2 02 3 03 4 04 5 05 6 06 7 07 8 08 9 09 10 0A 11 0B 12 OC 13 OD 14 OE 15 OF 16 10 17 11 18 12 19 13 20 14 21 15 22 16 23 17 24 18 25 19 26 1A Control ...

Page 111: ...er for further information Near Letter Quality Mode ESC x 1 Turns NLQ mode ON ESC x 0 Turns draft mode ON ESC a Activates NLQ justification modes Character Width Pitch ASCII 15 Turns compressed mode ON ASCII 18 Turns compressed mode OFF ASCII 14 Turns one line expanded mode ON ASCII 20 Turns one line expanded mode OFF ESC M Turns elite mode ON ESC P Turns elite mode OFF ESC W0 Turns either expande...

Page 112: ...ecial Printer Features ASCII 8 ESC 25 ESC Turns one line unidirectional mode ON ESC U0 Turns continuous unidirectional mode OFF ESC U1 Turns continuous unidirectional mode ON ESC s0 Returns to normal speed ESC s1 Turns half speed mode ON Backspaces Enables and disables the optional cut sheet feeder Line Spacing ESC 0 ESC 1 ESC 2 ESC A n ESC 3 n ESC J n Sets line spacing to 1 8 inch Sets line spaci...

Page 113: ...tical tab Sets horizontal tab stops Sets the right margin Sets the left margin User defined Characters ESC ESC ESC Dot Graphics ESC ESC ESC K ESC L ESC Y ESC Z ESC A Defines characters in user RAM Copies the character set from ROM to RAM Activates ROM or RAM character set Selects one of seven graphics densities Reassigns a graphics density Turns single density graphics mode ON Turns double density...

Page 114: ...nter They control a num ber of important printer functions For most uses they can be left as they were set at the factory but you may want to change some settings The design of the LX 80 gives you easy access to the switches You can see them in the back of the printer as indicated in Figure D l Figure D 1 DIP switch location D 1 ...

Page 115: ...ch functions Switch 1 1 7 ION 1 6 ON 1 5 Inactive l 4 12 inch 1 3 Active l 2 1 NLQ Functions International character set OFF 1 OFF 4 International character set OFF International character set OFF Paper out sensor Active Form length 11 inch Cut sheet feeder Inactive NLCVdraft __ 1 Draft I 1 l 1 1 Compressed 1 Print width 1 Pica I Switch 2 1 Note The shaded boxes show the factory settings Switches ...

Page 116: ...ESCape code Switch 1 1 selects condensed or pica printing ON is condensed OFF is pica Regardless of the setting you can still select condensed with SelecType and either condensed or pica with ESCape codes Switch 2 4 enables the beeper to sound when it is OFF when it is ON the beeper cannot sound Switch 2 3 controls line feeds When it is ON the LX 80 performs an automatic line feed with each carria...

Page 117: ...an flow freely in and out of the printer Use a printer stand or any other arrangement that fits your working area Just make sure that the paper coming out of the printer does not interfere with the paper going in and that the paper going in does not catch on the printer cable Because of the cable it is usually best for the paper that feeds into the printer to be stacked somewhat behind the printer...

Page 118: ... stand Tractor Unit Installation To install the removable tractor unit first pull the friction lever toward the front of the printer Then hold the tractor with the gears to the right as shown in Figure E 3 Figure E 3 Tractorplacement E 2 ...

Page 119: ...stall the paper separator and pull out the paper guide as shown in Figure E 4 Fit the notches in the bottom corners of the separator over the pins at the front of the paper slot The separator keeps the paper that is coming out of the printer from being pulled back in Pull out the paper guide at the back of the printer This guide helps keep the incoming paper from catching on the printer cable Figu...

Page 120: ...en the front lid Then move the print head to the center of the printer and pull the paper bail away from the platen the black roller just as you did for single sheet loading Look back at Figure 1 7 if you need to check on the names of any of these parts Now using Figure E 6 as your guide pull the locking levers for ward so that you can move the pin feed holders to the left and right Put the left h...

Page 121: ... Next open the pin feed covers as shown in Figure E 7 and feed the paper under the paper separator and into the paper slot push the paper through until it comes up between the ribbon guide and the platen Figure E 7 Open pin feed cover E 5 ...

Page 122: ...of an inch below the top of the ribbon guide as you see in Figure E 8 Figure E 8 Top of page position When you turn on your LX 80 it will remember this top of page setting and will use it when any program tells it to move to the top of the next page If you later find that your word processing or other applications program is putting your printing too high or too low on the page or is printing on t...

Page 123: ...s are listed on the left and solutions on the right Problem Setting print styles Can t get compressed print Tabbing Horizontal tabs don t work Horizontal tabs are incorrect when changing pitch Graphics Strange things print Solution Cancel emphasized it has prior ity over compressed Set margins before tabs not after Tabs are set according to current print pitch Changes in pitch do not affect the po...

Page 124: ...er mined by nl and nz It will wait patiently until the quota is full Note that 9 pin graphics mode requires two bytes for each col umn of graphics Can t get a full page in width Some systems require a WIDTH statement See your system docu mentation Seven bit computers are limited to widths of O 127 256 383 512 639 etc See seven bit graphics subsection Problems with paper feeding or If a self adhesi...

Page 125: ...resetting code and wipes out your SelecType settings one of the following methods should help you find a way around the problem Method 1 Use the installation program for your software to remove the initialization code See your software manual for details Method 2 Without using SelecType give your program the command to print your document Then before the printing actually starts give the command t...

Page 126: ...ethod 4 This is a variation of Method 3 Try giving the print command for your program and then pressing the ON LINE button to take the LX 80 off line before printing actually starts Then follow the proce dure in Method 3 Other software For some software you may have to consult its manuals or your dealer to find out at what point the printer is reset You will probably find some stage in the printin...

Page 127: ... after you press the ON LINE and FF buttons to turn on SelecType press the FF button once and then make and set your selection or selections as outlined at the beginning of this chapter You can also cancel individual modes with SelecType if you wish You do this with the same procedure that sets them When a mode is already set selecting it again cancels it as demonstrated in the exam ple below Supp...

Page 128: ...ain take it to a qualified service person Data Dump Mode The LX 80 has a special feature that makes it easy for experienced printer users to find the causes of problems Called the data dump mode it gives a printout of exactly what codes reach the printer Turn on this mode by turning on the printer while holding down the FF and LF buttons at the same time The printer responds by printing the words ...

Page 129: ...SIC sends a carriage return and a line feed hex codes 0D and 0A Each of these is represented by a dot in the guide section The program then sends the hex codes 47 48 and 49 with each followed by a carriage return and line feed When the program gets to line 30 it sends ESCape E and a carriage return and line feed These are hex codes 1B 45 0D and 0A which are represented in the guide section by a do...

Page 130: ...e you ve determined that a code creates problems for your printing either by trial and error or by using the data dumping capability of the LX 80 you can start overcoming them Because each computer system deals with ASCII codes differently it is impossible to provide solutions for all potential problems in one appendix We can however point out generic problems and suggest ways to handle them There...

Page 131: ...he values of 0 10 11 and 12 Zero is a particular problem as it is very important to the ESCape codes of the LX 80 printer These codes can be sent directly to the printer by POKEing them to a special memory location where they are immediately forwarded to the printer The format is POKE 14312 N where N is the decimal value of the code you wish to send to the printer This works fine as long as the pr...

Page 132: ...ls the system where its new driver is located Once you RUN the program all codes sent by any BASIC program are sent directly to the printer including 0s 10s and 12s 10 DATA 21E83 7CH7E20FC211100397E32E837C9 20 READ B A 16571 30 FOR I 3 TO TJ N E STFY 2 40 B ASC MID B P 1 48 50 IF IS 9 THEN B H 7 60 T A C MID R I t 3 r 1 48 70 IF T 9 THF N T T 7 80 POKE A R l6 T 90 A At 1 1 00 NEXT P 110 POKE 16422...

Page 133: ...haracters can t be printed with the top eight pins the standard position for most characters Eight pins can t be used in defining characters Remember that the best solution usually is to use an interface that can send eight bits to the printer Solutions for Specific Systems The next four subsections illustrate dealing with interface puzzles on four types of computers Applesoft BASIC solutions Appl...

Page 134: ... is given in the POKEing codes subsection The Apple II uses CHR 9 to initialize the printer This code and the following character or characters are intercepted by the prin ter interface card and used to change modes You can divert all output to the printer instead of to the screen by sending the following line to the printer P R l PRINT CHR 9 80N Then type anything followed by RETURN The CHRS 9 80...

Page 135: ...DTH statement WIDTIi IAPT 2 5 5 The 255 is a special number that prevents the computer system from inserting a CR LF into the line Unless of course there s one in your program The extra line feed CHR 10 that accompanies each carriage return CHR 13 is no problem except when you need to use CHR 13 in a graphics program Getting rid of the extra CHR 10 is rather complicated First you open the printer ...

Page 136: ...d to address The first is making a width statement when a line is to be more than 80 characters wide The second is changing any occurrence of the number nine to some other number Any time you want to print more than 80 characters or more than 130 dot columns in graphics on one line you need to reserve the extra room by putting the WIDTH statement WIDTH I PRINT 255 in one of the first lines of the ...

Page 137: ...cassette denatured alcohol for the inside See your Epson dealer for replacement ribbon cassettes Rarely Once in a great while your printer should be lubricated Epson recommends two lubricants O 2 Epson Part No B710200001 and G 2 Epson Part No B70020001 Every 6 months or one million lines use O 2 lubricant on the shafts and platen bearings wiping off excess with cloth Use G 2 sparingly on ribbon fe...

Page 138: ...in graphics mode Character set 96 Roman characters 96 italic characters 32 international characters 32 italic international characters 32 graphic characters 96 NLQ characters 32 NLQ international characters Character size Mode Pica Pica expanded Elite Elite expanded Compressed Compressed expanded Super Subscript Width inches Height inches 083 in 122 in 166 in 122 in 059 in 122 in 118 in 122 in 041...

Page 139: ...optional tractor Single sheet up to 8 5 Friction feed Number of copies One original plus one copy total thickness not to exceed 0 005 Printer Ribbon Cassette ribbon black MTBF 3 million lines excluding print head life Print head life 100 million characters Dimensions and Weight Height 3 3 in Width 16 6 in Depth without paper separator 12 4 in Weight 11 5 Ibs Power 120 VAC 10 US models 220 240 VAC ...

Page 140: ...55Hz maximum Storage 0 50 G 55Hz maximum Insulation resistance 10 megaohms between AC power line and chassis Dielectric strength No trouble when 1 kilovolt R M S 50 or 60 Hz is applied for more than 1 minute between AC power line and chassis Interface Interface Synchronization Centronics compatible 8 bit parallel By externally supplied STROBE pulses Handshaking By ACKNLG or BUSY signals Logic leve...

Page 141: ...e signal represent information of IN the 1 st to 8th bits of parallel data 4 DATA3 IN DATA4 respectively Each signal is at HIGH z IN level when data is logical 1 and LOW 87 z DATA5 IN DATA6 when it is logical 0 DATA7 I 9 2 DATA8 IN 10 28 ACKNLG OUT Approximately 12 microsecond pulse LOW indicates that data has been received and that the printer is ready to accept more data 11 29 BUSY OUT A HIGH si...

Page 142: ... ground level For the interface wiring be sure to use a twisted pair cable for each signal and to complete the connection on the return side To prevent noise these cables should be shielded and con nected to the chassis of the host computer or the printer 3 All interface conditions are based on TTL level Both the rise and the fall times of each signal must be less than 0 2 microsecond I 2 ...

Page 143: ... the paper end condition is detected The ESCape 8 code disables pins 11 and 32 but not pin 12 Those computers that monitor pin 12 halt printing when the paper is out making ESCape 8 ineffective Data Transfer Sequence Interface timing Figure I 1 shows the timing for the parallel interface Figure I 1 Parallel interface timing Signal relationships Table I 2 shows the way data entry is handled in the ...

Page 144: ...Not generated Disabled LOW HIGH Generated after data entry Enabled Same Same Enabled normal entry When SLCT IN is at high level data entry is enabled but the input data will be disregarded until SLCT IN is at low level Note ERROR status is assumed to rest only in off line state and the ERROR status does not always mean SLCT IN I 4 ...

Page 145: ... C Cable 13 14 Centronics 13 Codes See ASCII codes Control codes ESCape code Embedded codes Inserted codes Compressed elite mode 39 Can also be set with SelecType Compressed mode 24 25 37 ASCII 15 turns it on ASCII 18 turns it off Can also be set with DIP switch or SelecType margin settings in 56 Continuous feed paper E 1 6 Control codes 29 33 data dumping in hexadecimal F 6 8 listed by function C...

Page 146: ...sted by number B 1 10 ESCape Master select 47 49 ESCape Selects a character set B 3 ESCape Defines characters B 3 Escape cc Graphics mode command 81 ESCape 0 Turns underline mode off 46 47 ESCape 1 Turns underline mode on 46 47 ESCape 0 Sets line spacing to 1 8 58 ESCape 1 Sets line spacing to 7 72 58 ESCape 2 Sets line spacing to 1 6 58 ESCape 3 Sets line spacing in 216ths of an inch B 4 ESCape 4...

Page 147: ...pt mode off 49 ESCape U0 Turns continuous unidirectional mode off B 8 ESCape U1 Turns continuous unidirectional mode on B 8 ESCape W0 Turns expanded mode off 44 ESCape W1 Turns continuous expanded mode on 44 ESCape Y Turns high speed double density graphics mode on 80 ESCape 2 Turns quadruple density graphics mode on 80 ESCape Turns nine pin graphics mode on B 9 ESCape a Selects an NLQ justificati...

Page 148: ...ode I IBM Personal Computer F 13 14 Inserted codes 32 33 Interface 13 I 1 4 International characters 49 51 A 5 DIP switch setting or ESCape R selects one Italic mode 45 46 ESCape 4 turns it on ESCape 5 turns it off J Justification with NLQ 56 K Knob See Paper feed knob L Left margin See Margins Lever See Friction lever LF 10 11 Lid 9 Line feed 57 automatic DIP switch setting for D 2 3 button 11 Li...

Page 149: ...pestyles with See SelecType Paper bail 6 9 continuous E l 6 guide E 3 loading 9 10 E 4 6 separator 3 E 3 single sheet 9 10 Paper feed knob 4 5 Paper out sensor 59 F 3 ESCape 9 turns it on ESCape 8 turns it off Can also be controlled by DIP switch Parallel interface 13 Parts printer 3 PEEK F 9 10 Perforation See Skip over perforation Top of page Pica mode 24 26 36 37 Pin feed paper See Paper Pin fe...

Page 150: ...pt mode on ESCape S1 turns subscript mode on ESCape T turns either mode off SelecType feature 15 22 cancelling functions with F 4 5 troubleshooting F 3 4 Self test See Test pattern Sensor See Paper out sensor Separator paper See Paper Set up operations for printer 3 14 E l 6 Seven bit systems F 10 11 limitations of F 11 test for computer s type F 11 Skip over perforation 57 ESCape N turns it on ES...

Page 151: ...or optional E 1 6 Troubleshooting F 1 14 TRS 80 F 9 10 F 13 U Underline mode 46 47 ESCape 1 turns it on ESCape 0 turns it off User defined characters 61 72 ESCape I defines characters ESCape I downloads ROM characters into RAM ESCape selects a character set W Width of characters H l WIDTH statements 39 82 F 13 14 Zero slashed D 2 J 7 ...

Page 152: ...Spectrum LX 80 Printer ...

Page 153: ...d mode OFF ESC W1 Turns continuous expanded mode ON Character Weight ESC E ESC F ESC G ESC H Turns emphasized mode ON Turns emphasized mode OFF Turns double strike mode ON Turns double strike mode OFF Print Enhancement ESC S0 ESC S1 ESC T ESC 0 ESC 1 Turns superscript mode ON Turns subscript mode ON Turns either script mode OFF Turns underline mode OFF Turns underline mode ON Mode and Character Se...

Page 154: ...de ON Returns to normal speed Turns half speed mode ON Sets line spacing to 1 8 inch Sets line spacing to 7 72 inch Sets line spacing to l 6 inch default Sets line spacing to n 72 inch Sets line spacing to n 216 inch Produces an immediate one time line feed of n 216 inch without a carriage return Turns the paper out sensor OFF Turns the paper out sensor ON Sets the form length in inches Sets the f...

Page 155: ...ensity Turns single density graphics mode ON Turns double density graphics mode ON Turns high speed double density graphics mode ON Turns quadruple density graphics mode ON Turns nine pin graphics mode ON lode Function 0 Reset 4 I 1 I j It t 4 1 It I p 1 1 I I I y t ii I V 7 1 NLQ ABCBEFGHI JKL MNopqrst uvwxya 2 Emphasized ABCDEFGHI JELMNopqrstcrvwxyz 3 Double strike ABCT E FGtiI rC l MNapclr si v...

Page 156: ...4 72 115 73 116 74 117 75 118 76 119 77 120 78 121 79 122 7A 123 7B 124 7C 125 70 126 7E 127 7F 0 A B C D E F G t 1 I J t L M N 0 P 0 R s T u V w X Y 2 C 1 DEL 128 a0 129 ai 130 a2 131 a3 132 84 133 a5 134 86 135 a7 136 aa 137 a9 138 aA 139 a0 140 ac 141 8D 142 BE 143 8F 144 90 145 91 146 92 147 93 148 94 149 95 150 96 151 97 152 98 153 99 154 9A 1 55 9B 156 9C 157 9D 158 9E 159 9F 160 A0 161 Al 1...

Page 157: ... Hexadecimal 0 00 1 01 2 02 3 03 4 04 5 05 6 06 7 07 8 08 9 09 10 OA 11 OB 12 oc 13 OD i4 OE 15 OF 16 10 17 11 18 12 19 13 20 14 21 15 22 16 23 17 24 18 25 19 26 1A Control key A B C D E F G H K L M N 0 ii S T U V W X Y Z ...

Page 158: ...teries not supplied by Epson or by accident misuse neglect or improper packing shipping modification or servicing by other than Epson or an authorized Epson Service Center SOME EPSON PRODUCTS HAVE A COMPARTMENT CONTAINING STATIC SENSITIVE ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY THIS COMPARTMENT IS CLEARLY LABELED DO NOT OPEN IT THIS WARRANTY WILL BECOME VOID IF YOU ATTEMPT TO MODIFY OR ADJUST ANY ROM OR OTHER PART O...

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