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Elecraft      •      www.elecraft.com     •     831-662-8345

 

E

LECRAFT 

KDSP2

 

INTERNAL DSP FILTER and REAL-TIME CLOCK 

 

Assembly and Operating Instructions 

 

Revision A.1, June, 2003.

  

Copyright © 2003, Elecraft; All Rights Reserved 

 

Introduction 

 
The KDSP2 DSP Filter is designed specifically for internal operation with an Elecraft K2 transceiver. 
 

For the CW operator 

 
The KDSP2 provides filter bandwidths from 50 to 800 Hz, with center frequencies from 400 Hz to 1,300 
Hz, to help eliminate nearby interfering signals.  The filters may be easily adjusted from the front panel, 
and up to four (4) filters may be selected by the AFIL button. 
 
Noise reduction helps reduce QRN, and may be used with any of the CW filters. 
 

For the SSB operator 

 
A tunable bandpass filter is settable from the front panel, offering low-frequency cutoff (high pass filter 
function) from a few tens of Hz to 600 Hz, and a high frequency cutoff (low pass filter function) from 1.6 
kHz to 3.0 kHz. 
 
In addition to the tunable bandpass filter, an automatic notch filter quickly locates and suppresses 
interfering carriers, such as those caused by other stations tuning up nearby.  Noise reduction is also 
available and may be used in conjunction with the bandpass and autonotch filters. 
 

For the Data operator 

 
Bandpass filters tuned for common HF data modes, such as RTTY, Packet and PSK31 are provided.  
Center frequencies vary from 1 to 2.5 kHz, and widths from 50 Hz to 1 kHz. 
 
Noise reduction and notch filters are not available in data modes as phase distortion may result in poor 
copy on an otherwise clean-sounding signal.  
 

Convenience Features 

 
All filters are adjustable from the front panel.  Up to four (4) filters per mode (CW/SSB/DATA) may be 
memorized.  The filters are then selected by simply pressing the AFIL button.  A front-panel selectable 
bypass mode is available which significantly reduces current consumption.

Summary of Contents for KDSP2

Page 1: ...a few tens of Hz to 600 Hz and a high frequency cutoff low pass filter function from 1 6 kHz to 3 0 kHz In addition to the tunable bandpass filter an automatic notch filter quickly locates and suppre...

Page 2: ...ment by operator Clock Accuracy 20 ppm 1 7 seconds per day at 25 degrees C Date Formats MM DD YY or DD MM YY handles all calendar months and leap years Current Drain Approximately 60 mA active 10 mA s...

Page 3: ...ic buildup as well as contamination of the leads from adhesive residue i NOTE do not put ICs or any semiconductor component in a Styrofoam or other plastic container or damage from static may occur Le...

Page 4: ...escription Part Number 1 P2 3 pin Male Header 1x3 0 025 square post E620053 1 P1 5 pin Male Header 1x5 0 025 square post E620052 1 Ctrl J2 3 pin Female Header 1x3 E620009 1 Ctrl J1 5 pin Female Header...

Page 5: ...oam E980070 1 3 8 x3 16 x 2 Black Foam E980069 Installing Components Please install the parts in the order shown After you mount a part you may solder it in place Double check to be sure the part is s...

Page 6: ...ck orange gold R6 120 ohm watt 5 carbon film resistor brown red brown gold R7 120 ohm watt 5 carbon film resistor brown red brown gold R8 120 ohm watt 5 carbon film resistor brown red brown gold Caref...

Page 7: ...cathode should go to the square pad The band is also marked on the silkscreen The 1N5711 or SD101A and 1N4148 parts look identical The only way to tell them apart is by reading the tiny markings on th...

Page 8: ...8 mm drill bit as a form to bend the leads of U2 Verify the holes are aligned before you solder Near the center of the PCB U2 LM340T LM340 7805 Solder the tab to the board near the end of the tab Thi...

Page 9: ...r remaining and location C12 should be empty The following capacitors are polarized This means that it matters which lead goes into which hole on the PCB Take a moment to examine the electrolytic capa...

Page 10: ...so that the flat side of the case matches the PCB outline The holes in the PCB are on a 0 1 2 5mm grid You will need to carefully spread the leads on the part before installing it onto the PCB It is i...

Page 11: ...ure the socket pins are all through the PCB before you solder as it is easy to bend one or fold one or more Also note that the socket is polarized with a notch near the pin 1 end The PCB silkscreen al...

Page 12: ...This is opposite to the rule about electrolytic capacitors The lead length is the only clue as to the part s polarity so don t clip until you have verified it is installed correctly Near the upper rig...

Page 13: ...n connector J1 of the KDSP2 Film capacitors are typically in a rectangular casing of a solid color The part value is stamped directly on the part These parts are not polarized Near the center of the b...

Page 14: ...im two of the pins so they are flush with the bottom of the PCB The two pins that need to be pre trimmed are the center pin and the pin nearest diode D4 Pre trim the leads on Lithium cell holder BT1 I...

Page 15: ...the Control Board on your work surface component side up If your Control Board is revision A or revision X something the silkscreen information for the audio filter is on the back side of the board Do...

Page 16: ...ith two 4 40 screws The screw nearer J1 and J2 will be replaced with the male female threaded spacer provided with the KDSP2 kit If you have previously installed a KAF2 in your K2 remove it and skip t...

Page 17: ...Using anti static precautions install the DSPx Module to the KDSP2 The clearances are very tight and you may have to rotate the DSPx Module into the KDSP2 to clear tall components on the RF Board Ensu...

Page 18: ...ond or so after power up after the K2 announces its mode settings to the KDSP2 Tap the MENU button If you are not in the secondary menus tap DISPLAY You should briefly see SEC in the K2 display Rotate...

Page 19: ...T use long nose pliers to hold the Lithium cell Doing so will short the and sides together In the following step be careful to not stress the spring clip when inserting the cell or it may not make goo...

Page 20: ...to protect the painted finish on the cover Orient the cover so that the speaker is towards you and the rear panel is away from you Clean the inside surface of the top cover to the right of the speaker...

Page 21: ...compress or distort the foam When properly installed the foam will be just behind the DSPx module preventing it from disengaging from the KDSP2 K2 100 On the forward edge of the heatsink centered on t...

Page 22: ...K2 100 When you re install KPA100 assembly on your K2 100 we recommend you place it down then slide it forward Don t rotate it down into place as this may tend to tear or wedge the foam When properly...

Page 23: ...ilter After the fourth filter the next is the first always cycling through them in increasing order If a filter is set to LPASS low pass then it becomes the last filter in that mode s sequence You can...

Page 24: ...as low cut and the second as high cut in passband terms Filter Selection When you select a DSP filter by pressing the AFIL button the mode and filter number momentarily appear in the K2 display For ex...

Page 25: ...toggled by tapping the BAND button S2 nr nt The decimal point preceding the nt indicates the auto notch is active If both autonotch and denoiser were active you would see something like S2 nr nt Like...

Page 26: ...ringing along with some attenuation in the narrowest settings Pressing BAND again will toggle the CW filters back to the standard ones indicated by an uppercase C C2 nr The next menu after the main m...

Page 27: ...ies The most common operations to be performed on a filter are to alter its frequencies You will notice that the leading decimal point for the second set of numbers is blinking about once per second T...

Page 28: ...selected by setting the highest center frequency and the widest bandwidth Saving New Filters What if you want to change a default filter and retain it through the next power cycle of your K2 The KDSP...

Page 29: ...hole in the audio when you toggle between DSP ON and DSP BYPASS modes This is normal It is a result of muting the audio briefly to allow the audio levels to stabilize in the KDSP2 Otherwise you might...

Page 30: ...should definitely hear the effect of this change As with all menus the RCL button will take you to the next menu in the sequence This will be the Autonotch menu if the K2 is in SSB mode If in CW mode...

Page 31: ...de Pressing the STORE button will display the firmware versions of the KDSP2 see below followed by the main menu for the current mode The Gain menus available by mode are Mode Gain Sequence RTTY RTTY...

Page 32: ...is displays the current XFIL and AFIL settings For example in CW mode you might see FL2 0 7c followed by AF1 The second display is Audio Filter and number This display does not distinguish between mod...

Page 33: ...E RCL This brings up the time display in standard 24 hour format 14 11 07 i NOTE If instead you see a display of five dashes you weren t in a DSP menu To display the calendar tap either BAND button 04...

Page 34: ...it moves from month to month as time passes To adjust the time press RCL Hr 14 Adjust the hour by tapping BAND to increase or BAND to decrease The display will wrap around between 59 and 00 The time...

Page 35: ...SB Decrease Width or Center Frequency Upper or lower cut in SSB Bypass Menu Toggle functions of BAND buttons Bypass DSP On DSP Bypass Denoiser or Gain Main Menu Denoiser Increase Decay or Beta Decreas...

Page 36: ...nu Calendar Format Toggle Format Toggle Format Year Menu Calendar Menu Year Increment Year Decrement Year Month Menu Time Menu Month Increment Month Decrement Month Date Menu Time Menu Date Increment...

Page 37: ...Off 1 2 200 Hz 2 5 kHz Off Off 1 3 300 Hz 1 9 kHz Off Off 1 4 300 Hz 1 6 kHz Off Off 1 Mode Filter Center Width Notch Denoise Denoise Level RTTY 1 LOW PASS LOW PASS Not avail Not avail Not avail 2 2 5...

Page 38: ...e dirt dust or other problems are interfering with good electrical contact between the IC and the socket Try turning power off and back on AFIL works but I can t access DSP or clock menus when I press...

Page 39: ...hip If you are uncomfortable doing this contact Elecraft LED remains on The KDSP2 LED will normally come on at power up then extinguish after a second or two If it stays on it indicates that KDSP2 U1...

Page 40: ...U1 1 3 6 U1 11 4 9 U1 21 5 0 U2 1 13 5 U3 1 0 2 4 9 12 0 22 0 2 0 2 0 5 3 5 0 13 0 23 0 3 5 0 3 0 6 4 4 9 14 5 0 24 0 4 0 5 0 15 0 25 0 5 0 6 4 9 16 0 26 0 6 0 7 5 0 17 0 27 0 7 0 8 0 18 0 28 0 8 4 9...

Page 41: ...d characteristic The output of the mode selected decimator filter is then passed to the notch filter This uses an LMS least mean squares algorithm A signal is always applied to the notch filter even i...

Page 42: ...K2 audio system 5V VCC5 filtered by R13 C13 and C16 is used for the bias source Q5 and Q6 are N channel JFETs with a low pinchoff voltage Under normal operation R14 biases the gates of these transist...

Page 43: ...high level is passed through R6 and R7 to the auxbus If the KDSP2 needs to assert an auxbus level of LOW it turns on Q3 whose collector is tied to the auxbus through R6 and R8 The microcontroller alwa...

Page 44: ...the CODEC core Incoming audio is applied to U6 a TLV320AIC23 CODEC encoder decoder which contains a pair of 16 bit analog to digital ADC and digital to analog DAC converters as well as gain controllab...

Page 45: ...bit digital value It does this 16 000 times per second Algorithm The step by step process followed to perform a particular task In the case of DSP the task is handled by instructions to the DSP chip...

Page 46: ...tage which is applied to the audio amplifier in the K2 It does this 16 000 times per second Decay In the LMS algorithm Decay defines how quickly the filter abandons adjustments made in its attempt to...

Page 47: ...gain between the various modes and functions For example assume you have SSB Gain set to 4 5 CW gain to 3 0 and RTTY gain to 5 0 They should all be reduced by 3 0 This will result in settings of 1 5...

Page 48: ...n algorithm that is widely used in adaptive filters The two adaptive filters in the KDSP2 are the autonotch and the denoiser Sampling When signals are digitized they are said to be sampled In the KDSP...

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