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EE Tools MaxLoader, User Manual

The EE Tools MaxLoader is a powerful device used in electronics engineering. To get the most out of this tool, make sure to download the free User Manual from manualshive.com. This manual will guide you through the features and functions of the MaxLoader for optimal performance.

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MaxLoader User’s Guide 

 

1 

 

1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................... 7

 

P

ROGRAMMER 

M

ODELS FOR 

PC

 

USB

 

I

NTERFACE

 ....................................................................................... 7

 

P

ROGRAMMER 

M

ODELS FOR 

PC

 

USB

 

I

NTERFACE 

M

ULTI

-S

OCKETS

 ............................................................  8

 

P

ROGRAMMER 

M

ODELS FOR 

PC

 PARALLEL 

I

NTERFACE

............................................................................... 8

 

A

BOUT 

T

HIS 

M

ANUAL

 ................................................................................................................................. 9

 

G

ENERAL 

D

ESCRIPTION

 ............................................................................................................................... 9

 

2. GETTING STARTED / INSTALLATION ......................................................................................... 10

 

I

NSTALLATION 

R

EQUIREMENTS

 ................................................................................................................. 10

 

H

ARDWARE 

I

NSTALLATION

 ....................................................................................................................... 10

 

To Install the software from a CD drive .............................................................................................. 10

 

T

O 

S

TART THE WINDOWS SOFTWARE

 ......................................................................................................... 10

 

T

O INSTALL SOFTWARE AND CONNECT TO 

PC

 FOR 

USB

 PROGRAMMERS

 ................................................... 10

 

T

O INSTALL THE 

S

OFTWARE FOR PARALLEL PORT PROGRAMMERS

 ............................................................ 17

 

To download the software from the www.eetools.com web site .......................................................... 17

 

S

ELECT 

P

RODUCT

 ...................................................................................................................................... 18

 

3. FAMILIES OF PROGRAMMABLE DEVICES ................................................................................  19

 

ƒ

 

NVM:

 

N

ON 

V

OLATILE 

M

EMORY

 ............................................................................................................ 19

 

ƒ

 

ROM:

 

R

EAD 

O

NLY 

M

EMORY

 ................................................................................................................. 19

 

ƒ

 

OTP:

 

O

NE 

T

IME 

P

ROGRAMMABLE 

ROM ................................................................................................ 19

 

ƒ

 

EPROM:

 

E

RASABLE 

P

ROGRAMMABLE 

ROM ......................................................................................... 19

 

ƒ

 

EEPROM:

 

E

LECTRICALLY 

E

RASABLE 

&

 

P

ROGRAMMABLE 

ROM .......................................................... 19

 

NVM

 

H

IERARCHY

 ..................................................................................................................................... 19

 

S

ERIAL 

F

LASH 

EEPROM........................................................................................................................... 21

 

S

ERIAL 

EEPROM ...................................................................................................................................... 21

 

N

ON

-T

YPICAL 

D

EVICES

 ............................................................................................................................. 22

 

8-

BIT 

1-M

EGABITS

 ..................................................................................................................................... 22

 

16-bit 1-Megabits .................................................................................................................................. 23

 

E

RASING AN 

EPROM ................................................................................................................................ 23

 

PLD ........................................................................................................................................................... 23

 

Summary of Contents for MaxLoader

Page 1: ...INDOWS SOFTWARE 10 TO INSTALL SOFTWARE AND CONNECT TO PC FOR USB PROGRAMMERS 10 TO INSTALL THE SOFTWARE FOR PARALLEL PORT PROGRAMMERS 17 To download the software from the www eetools com web site 17 S...

Page 2: ...apters 31 5 QUICK START EXAMPLES 32 PROGRAMMING AN EPROM WITH DATA 32 DUPLICATING AN EPROM FROM A MASTER IC DEVICE 34 6 MAXLOADER OPERATIONS 35 BASIC MENU SCREEN INFORMATION 35 Option Information 35 A...

Page 3: ...Fill Buffer 51 Clear buffer 52 Print buffer 53 Set editor to view mode 53 Set editor to edit mode 54 Set Editor to binary mode 54 Set editor to 8 bit byte Hex 55 Set editor to 16 bit word Hex 55 Set e...

Page 4: ...Device Verify 72 Device Data Compare 73 Device Erase 73 Device Security 73 Device Encryption 74 Device Option 74 Device Auto 75 Test This feature is for only TopMax TopMaxII 75 Test RAM Test 75 Test...

Page 5: ...mbers i e the 4th socket serial number is P8 0057 86 USB option Good LED off on socket open 86 USB option Enable START ALL button 86 Config Option Gang Split Select 87 Split 88 Device Address 90 File...

Page 6: ...SITE ADDRESSES PHONE NUMBERS 109 9 PROGRAMMING ADAPTER MANUFACTURERS 110 10 EPROM EMULATOR MANUFACTURERS 110 8 OTHER PRODUCTS 110 Optional EPROM Emulator 110 9 ABOUT NAND FLASH MEMORY 111 COMPARISON O...

Page 7: ...rmation contained in this manual has been reviewed for accuracy clarity and completeness Please report in writing any errors or suggestions to support eetools com EE Tools Inc 4620 Fortran Drive Suite...

Page 8: ...MaxLoader User s Guide 8 Programmer Models for PC USB Interface Multi Sockets Programmer Models for PC parallel Interface...

Page 9: ...return material procedures Chapter 8 introduces a useful product EPROM Emulator Chapter 9 describes the recent information of NAND Flash Chapter 10 contains glossary about programmable devices and pa...

Page 10: ...section details the procedure for accomplishing the hardware installation procedure TopMax ChipMax easily connect to any parallel printer port in your computer and TopMaxII ChipMax2 UniMax ProMax 8G...

Page 11: ...ee New Hardware Wizard screen then disconnect your programmer You cannot install programmer software that way 3 Insert the CD ROM from factory EE Tools in your CD ROM or DVD driver 4 Wait until you se...

Page 12: ...MaxLoader User s Guide 12 NOTE Customers who want to install the latest software may download the MaxLoader file from www eetools com...

Page 13: ...et up MaxLoader software 6 Install MaxLoader and the MaxLoader icon and USB driver eetusb inf and eetusb sys files will be generated in directory C program files EE Tools Follow the steps below for in...

Page 14: ...etween programmer and your computer and turn the power switch ON after connecting the power cord in the programmer NOTE In Windows2000 you need to choose specific location when the Found New Hardware...

Page 15: ...ory C program files EE Tools Or you can find the USB driver files in the CD ROM comes in the product package 8 Click on the Finish button on the Wizard screen and you can confirm the USB driver in Dev...

Page 16: ...computer that doesn t installed USB 2 0 controller you need to install USB 2 0 driver for the particular product vendor 9 Execute MaxLoader and choose Programmer model 10 Choose your programmer that...

Page 17: ...programmer recognizes your computer s parallel port address when you execute the MaxLoader icon MEMO mode is indicated that your programmer has a communication error 1 Connect print cable between PC...

Page 18: ...TopMaxII UniMax and ProMax8G 4G hardware in the very first MaxLoader screen menu Or Click on Config Select product Make sure to select the right model and turn the switch on TopMaxII ProMax TopMax or...

Page 19: ...f the unit before clicking on the MaxLoader icon NOTE The MaxLoader detects the printer port address when you install the new software When you see Cannot find the programming module go to CONFIG PORT...

Page 20: ...MaxLoader User s Guide 20 Flash Memory Flash Memory Technologies A B C and C nand A B C or C nor 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0...

Page 21: ...y RAM after downloading the code from the low cost Serial Flash Memory at power up Several semiconductor manufacturers produce this device family named as 25xxx Serial EEPROM These devices are electri...

Page 22: ...E lines swapped However this device will still program and verify like normal 1 Megabits Once this device is placed into the circuit it will appear as if it has not been programmed correctly This is n...

Page 23: ...ice If you wish to purchase an Eraser call EE Tools at 408 263 2221 When an EPROM is not being erased the window may be covered with an opaque label Sometimes over a period of years an EPROM will star...

Page 24: ...tes in a fixed pattern PROM For many years the PROM was not classified as a PLD even though most of the smaller PROMs i e 32 x 8 organization were being used as logic elements The larger PROMs were st...

Page 25: ...l as well as external RAM Also micro controller data may be encrypted or otherwise secured to prevent copying of the data or program information Microcontrollers also have their own instruction set us...

Page 26: ...U However the old type of devices such as PAL PROM or 2816 does not come with an ID because the IC makers didn t put its ID for the older chip types Auto Select As you can see the warning in the Auto...

Page 27: ...rrect device ID and choose a correct device for you To Find a Device ID After selecting a certain device from Select Device menu and plug in a corresponding device in ZIF socket you can see the ID s w...

Page 28: ...efore further operation on your device 4 TERMS AND SYMBOLS USED IN THE GUIDE Safety Note Conventions NOTE assists the user in performing a task It makes the job more easily understood CAUTION alerts t...

Page 29: ...Right Adapter Most programming adapters are simple package converters They allow TSOP QFP SOIC or PLCC devices to plug into the same device s DIP footprint These adapters are available for memory logi...

Page 30: ...MaxLoader User s Guide 30 Different Device Packages DIP PLCC QFP TSOP SOJ SOIC BGA PGA...

Page 31: ...MaxLoader User s Guide 31 Different Programming Adapters PLCC TO DIP TSOP TO DIP QFP T QFP TO DIP SOIC TO PLCC BGA TO DIP DIP TO PLCC for Emulator...

Page 32: ...be erased by exposing the EPROMs to Ultra Violet UV light Erasing an EPROM usually takes 10 30 minutes 1 Click on the MaxLoader icon in your desk top menu after installing the MaxLoader 2 Check the o...

Page 33: ...ile from a floppy or hard disk into the buffer Change your file directory by choosing a directory in Look in box Choose a file name and type of the file Make sure that the file type is selected All He...

Page 34: ...Click on the Program CAUTION Do not touch the device while the BUSY green LED light is on programming is in progress After programming a device the part is automatically verified The Checksum is calc...

Page 35: ...source device 6 Click on the Blank button 7 Click on the Program button The part will be programmed and verified automatically If no error messages appear during the Programming or Verification proces...

Page 36: ...Device Size The size of device in HEX value Ending Address Starting Address 1 Free Disk Check the free disk space for a big size E E PROM programming Adapter Optional Adapter Name for Non standard dev...

Page 37: ...ry device with serialized number by a certain value Start Start address of memory that contains serialized data End End address of memory Inc Value This value will be added to the previous data value...

Page 38: ...rmat later Intel HEX Format Intel HEX format files are text files that include the file information in hexadecimal 1 A record mark 2 3 Byte Record length in 2 digits HEX Max 20 64 in ASCII 4 7 Address...

Page 39: ...Format The Motorola S format file is an ASCII HEX file Position Byte Character Remarks 1 S Letter S indicates start of record 2 0 1 2 3 or 9 A single character indicates the type of record 9 End of fi...

Page 40: ...TEKTRONIX HEX FORMAT The Tektronix HEX format contains ASCII records expressing bytes ASCII pairs Position Character Remarks 1 Slash character for start of line 2 5 2Bytes Address MSB first load 6 7...

Page 41: ...le is intact and has not been unintentionally modified JEDEC files normally use the extension last 3 letters JED For more information on the JEDEC standard contact Global Engineering Documents Inc at...

Page 42: ...hat follows contains a zero 0 for each intact link and a one 1 for each blown link An L field is generated for each product term in the device C The checksum field contains the 16 bit sum of the link...

Page 43: ...r question on POF file contact http www altera com support spt index html File Load Data can be loaded into the memory from a device or by opening a data file Load fills your buffer memory with the da...

Page 44: ...JEDEC file The procedure is identical to loading a data file except that the files in the current directory will have the JED extension If your selected device is an Altera MAX family the file you sh...

Page 45: ...saved by SAVE PROJECT menu is loaded The project files use the extension last 3 letters prj File Save Project This feature allows you to create a job description such as engineer name and other usefu...

Page 46: ...der User s Guide 46 File Save Log This function will record all operating procedure Such as carrying out preloaded tasks in maxloader software The txt file can be saved in any folder and opened in Not...

Page 47: ...Loader User s Guide 47 File Save All Messages This function will record all programming displayed messages from the MaxLoader message window The txt file can be saved in any folder and opened in Note...

Page 48: ...MaxLoader User s Guide 48 Buffer...

Page 49: ...the vector pattern edit section The data is presented in HEX and ASCII formats Find This feature allows you to search the data ASCII and HEX in the current Asc The data looking for ASCII value HEX The...

Page 50: ...Fill Buffer You can enter a certain character data in a certain buffer location Buffer Start Starting address for the data to be filled in buffer Buffer End Ending address for the data to be filled i...

Page 51: ...MaxLoader User s Guide 51 Copy buffer Copy certain data between 2 addresses to other location in the same buffer Fill Buffer Enter certain data between 2 different buffer locations...

Page 52: ...MaxLoader User s Guide 52 Clear buffer Fill entire buffer with the same data in default buffer value which can be any data In most it is FF but it can be 00 for Motorola S record type...

Page 53: ...53 Print buffer The current buffer data can be printer in different formats Also you can review buffer data with an editor in an utility software Set editor to view mode This mode allows you not to mo...

Page 54: ...MaxLoader User s Guide 54 Set editor to edit mode Data in buffer can be modified in this mode Set Editor to binary mode The data in current buffer will be changed as binary mode...

Page 55: ...ader User s Guide 55 Set editor to 8 bit byte Hex The data in current buffer will be changed as 8 bit hex value Set editor to 16 bit word Hex The data in current buffer will be changed as 16 bit hex v...

Page 56: ...ouble word Hex The data in current buffer will be changed as 32 bit mode Set default editor mode Make the current buffer mode as same data size as the selected device in the current operation It could...

Page 57: ...MaxLoader User s Guide 57 Set default Reset Editor The cursor mode will be the first data in address 0 Swap nibble Swap each character nibble in 8 bit 1 byte block...

Page 58: ...MaxLoader User s Guide 58 Swap byte Swap each 8 bit 1 byte data in each 16 bit 4 byte block Swap Word Swap each 16 bit 2 byte data in each 32 bit 4 byte block...

Page 59: ...ouble word Swap each 32 bit 4 byte data in each 64 bit 8 byte block Jedec editor This buffer mode allows you to retrieve and modify data for PLD devices The data can be displayed in two different mode...

Page 60: ...r s Guide 60 In the Jedec editor mode you can still use all features in Buffer Edit Mode Clear Pressing this button allows you to fill the buffer with the data located in Default Buffer Value in Confi...

Page 61: ...ttern identification labels version numbers dates inventory control information etc These features give the user the ability to view and edit the UES data before programming a GAL device When the UES...

Page 62: ...make sure that the device is correctly inserted into the ZIF socket and the latch is down NOTE The Device Information display area presents the device information of the selected device Device Select...

Page 63: ...ading data from the device The Select command contains both manual and automatic methods for selecting a device If your device is not identified by the Auto Device Select menu you can select the devic...

Page 64: ...x Phillips 87C75x SGS Thomson ST62xx Atmel AT89Cxx 89Sxx 89LVxx Microchip PIC12 16 17 Motorola MC60705xx MC68HC711xx 705xx 908xx Zilog Z86Exx NEC 8749H Select PROM AMD 27Sxx Cypress CY7Cxxx Fujitsu MB...

Page 65: ...MaxLoader User s Guide 65 Select Device information Pressing this button allows you to review the target device information before selecting a device...

Page 66: ...nging the existing numbers in the parameter box and pressing the close button The user will then be prompted to enter the new value for that parameter CAUTION Please note that before deciding to modif...

Page 67: ...ice Blank Check The Blank Check function is used to verify whether or not a device is in an erased or unprogrammed state All EPROM Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory devices should be checked befo...

Page 68: ...rammable OTP EPROMs An EPROM has a quartz window located on the chip just above the die An EPROM is erased by exposing it to high frequency ultra violet light waves Erasing an EPROM usually takes from...

Page 69: ...t will turn on if an error has occurred otherwise it will remain off Memory device The target device must be blank checked unless the part is electrically erasable Although most of EEPROMs and Flash M...

Page 70: ...ter programming the EPROM portion change the fuses of the items listed under Option Then you must program the configuration option in the Option menu Perform the following procedure 1 Program the main...

Page 71: ...de in certain memory location when you program a new device along with data and users must remember the security data once read copy or verify the master device for duplication Serial EEPROMs These de...

Page 72: ...er that is needed has been saved PLD test vectors are not stored in a logic device therefore they cannot be read The test vector buffer will be empty after reading the PLD NOTE Devices that have been...

Page 73: ...be erased by UV EPROM erasers externally see NOTE Erasing EPROMs in this manual Device Security Secure a PLD or Microcontroller so that their content can no longer be examined or modified Security is...

Page 74: ...is secured it cannot be unsecured to read verify or duplicate Also the secured device is seen as a blank chip even though it is not actually blank Device Encryption The encryption table is a feature o...

Page 75: ...CAUTION Some devices such as Philips P98C52 can be passed the BLANK CHECK routine after they are secured even though it is not in blank status Test This feature is for only TopMax TopMaxII Test RAM T...

Page 76: ...current address if the memory has a defective bit Good memory will appear when the test has passed successfully Test Vector Test Verifies that the PLD PAL GAL EPLD etc currently behaves without havin...

Page 77: ...ply input logic low Vil to an input pin 1 Apply input logic high Vih to an input pin C Clock an input pin Vil Vih Vil F Float pin N Power pin or untested output pin V VCC pin X Don t care output value...

Page 78: ...on and enter a device name and click on Test to begin the test function A result message will be displayed after testing Config Config Select Product After the MaxLoader is installed you can choose on...

Page 79: ...file into the buffer executing the ENABLE option fills the buffer with the data that is defined in Default Buffer Value before the file is loaded into the buffer When you load a file that is smaller...

Page 80: ...g Option Byte order swapping This option applies only to 16 bit wide E EPROMs or Flash Memory User data is displayed in the buffer according to the Intel convention with the default value set at Disab...

Page 81: ...dress 0 23 01 1 67 45 2 AB 89 3 EF CD Sample data file Motorola EXORmacs Format Code 87 S00B00004441544120492F4FF3 S11300000123456789ABCDEF001122334455667750 S9030000FC Data file opened with format 87...

Page 82: ...e Once you click on Device Insert Test MaxLoader will display Incorrect device ID if your target device contains ID or if wrong device is placed inside the socket You may see the same message if the d...

Page 83: ...ue Fill the buffer value hexadecimal with the initial data that you type in this field This feature helps the user who wants to have different initial values 00 or FF in the buffer In most case the de...

Page 84: ...MaxLoader User s Guide 84 Config Option Port TopMax ChipMax A parallel port address can be determined by the MaxLoader TopMax ChipMax software...

Page 85: ...s option will help to solve the communication problem between your PC and TopMax ChipMax NOTE TopMax ChipMax power switch should be ON The Parallel cable is connected between TopMax ChipMax and your P...

Page 86: ...n This option enables the LED light to not blink after finishing an operation So user can recognize the empty socket as not being effective for any operation USB option Enable START ALL button This op...

Page 87: ...MaxLoader User s Guide 87 Enabling any button to be a Start Key Config Option Gang Split Select...

Page 88: ...ot run this operation in Concurrent Mode EXAMPLE 1 PROGRAMMING TWO 8 BIT EPROM AS FOLLOWS Byte 0000 Byte 0001 Byte 0002 Byte 0003 Byte 0000 Byte 0001 Byte 0002 Byte 0003 1 Load a 16 bit file into the...

Page 89: ...001 Byte 0002 Byte 0003 Byte 0004 Byte 0005 Byte 0006 Byte 0007 1 Select the target EPROM 2 Load the HEX file 32 bit file into the buffer 3 Insert the first EPROM 1 into the socket 4 Invoke Word 0 in...

Page 90: ...the data to be programmed in buffer Buffer Start Buffer Starting address for the data to be programmed Buffer End Buffer Ending address for the data to be programmed NOTE Device size for different dev...

Page 91: ...start For example if you set Buffer Start Address to 800h then the downloaded data only appears in the buffer beginning at address 800h File Save These addresses will be applied for programming the bu...

Page 92: ...is suspected we recommend the users to run this test in order to confirm whether or not a problem has occurred with the programmer Config Concurrent gang mode Since the technology for USB allows to m...

Page 93: ...til the operation stream is not finished stopped Each operation in different socket can be displayed with blue color bar in menu screen This picture illustrates how to set any of Start key enable all...

Page 94: ...on is pressed After check the Enables START ALL button box in Config option all 8 sockets will be executed when you click on any of the START key in Gang program The START ALL button make all socket I...

Page 95: ...ockets by same size set as much as the same buffer size of selected 8 bit memory device It calls Set Programming Program Opt Program options for automation programming This operation steam will be exe...

Page 96: ...ckets If the target device is 8 bit EPROM such as 2764 128 256 512 101 make the Set Program Mode disabled The Set Program menu button will not be appeared for all other non 8 bit device selection Set...

Page 97: ...any as devices in the open sockets 5 Click a button with serial number or the START ALL button and a programming steam will be executed This diagram illustrates how to write program buffer data 0000 3...

Page 98: ...Guide 98 The next diagram illustrates how to travel the same buffer data 0000 3FFF for 27128 selection to the eight sockets Click for operating all sockets at once concurrent mode Click for individual...

Page 99: ...n is not available for all other devices that are not 8 bit EPROMs The menu screen below illustrates that there is no Set Program button because the device selected DA28F320J5 is not 8 bit EPROM Set E...

Page 100: ...same data block can be programmed in different sockets You can assign the same data block in different socket because there will be empty sockets So you can assign each socket for different data block...

Page 101: ...s illustrated in the diagram data is routed to sockets in sequential order the first block of data goes to the first socket the second block to the second etc If a device in a group failed during prog...

Page 102: ...Mode and Auto Program options are available along with the functions of Load Project Save Log and Save All Messages All other functions and options are disabled to ensure efficiency and reduce errors...

Page 103: ...production lines Useful function keys are enabled for user friendly navigation Such as Select History Select Info Edit Blank Check Program Read Verify Erase and Auto NOTE Upon entering this mode a pa...

Page 104: ...turns it to EE Tools to become eligible for Customer support warranty service and technical assistance Notification and special pricing on new products and upgrades Registration is particularly import...

Page 105: ...is installation should be done once you install the ProMax in your PC Be sure that you use the same USB port for the ProMax programmer otherwise you have to install the USB drivers again for different...

Page 106: ...r your local EE Tools distributor while you are at your computer and be prepared to repeat the sequence of steps leading up to the problem Submit your support request to support eetools com or you may...

Page 107: ...he below address Clearly state in writing the performance problem and return any leads connectors and accessories that you are using with the device Customers not on open account must include payment...

Page 108: ...roduct must be registered by completing and mailing the enclosed warranty card to EE Tools Inc 4620 Fortran Drive Suite 102 San Jose CA 95134 USA Within fifteen 15 days from proof of purchase Exclusio...

Page 109: ...TICE SEMI www latticesemi com MITSUBISHI www mitsubishi com MICROCHIP www microchip com MOTOROLA www motorola com NATIONAL SEMI www national com NEC www nec com OKI SEMI www okisemiconductor com PHILI...

Page 110: ...PRODUCTS Optional EPROM Emulator EeRom 8U Memory Emulation System for R D and Engineering Part Communication USB Port 1 1 Operation Software Wind98 ME 2000 XP Vista Low Voltage Supports 3 3V 5V Target...

Page 111: ...OS Windows 98 ME 2000 XP Target Systems of EeRom 8U Your target board required the following memory type for proper emulation with EeRom 8U The basic EeRom 8U supports 8Mbits with 45NS Memory 9 ABOUT...

Page 112: ...file system Hard disks are not a viable storage option for many embedded and handheld systems because they are too big too fragile and use too much power Major difference is that NAND is shipped with...

Page 113: ...s and a high pin count similar to PGA Bipolar PROM A fuse link programmable PROM Blank Check A test performed by a device programmer to ascertain whether a device has been programmed partial or total...

Page 114: ...device is operating as designed It is important to perform a functional test on PLDs because in many cases the PLD cannot be fully tested at the factory before programming so a defective PLD may progr...

Page 115: ...rmat that specifies the configuration and testing procedure for a PLD The file is in a human readable ASCII format and consists of fields that start with a letter and end with an asterisk Fields speci...

Page 116: ...programmed once but cannot be erased When an EPROM is described as OTP this means that its die is erasable when exposed to ultraviolet light but because of its package which is not transparent it can...

Page 117: ...er 100 pins Lead pitch may be 0 025 inches or smaller RAM Random Access Memory A volatile memory device ROM Read Only Memory A non volatile memory device that cannot be programmed by the user It is pr...

Page 118: ...olet light This high energy light can discharge the floating gate transistor cells that store bits in an EPROM The most common source of such light is a mercury vapor tube much like an ordinary fluore...

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