Glossary
1
*ORVVDU\
The following list defines or identifies
technical terms, abbreviations, and acro-
nyms used in Dell
®
user documents.
AC
Abbreviation for alternating current.
APC
Abbreviation for American Power
Conversion.
backup
A copy of a program or data file. As a
precaution, you should back up your com-
puter’s hard-disk drive on a regular basis.
Before making a change to the configura-
tion of your computer, you should back up
important start-up files, such as
win.ini
and
system.ini
for the Microsoft
®
Windows
®
95 operating system.
BBS
Abbreviation for bulletin board service.
BIOS
Acronym for basic input/output system.
Your computer’s BIOS contains programs
stored on a ROM chip. The BIOS controls
the following:
Communications between the
microprocessor and peripheral
devices, such as the keyboard and
the video adapter
Miscellaneous functions, such as
system messages
The BIOS is a layer of software that iso-
lates the operating system and application
programs from the system’s hardware.
By using the BIOS, the compatibility of
these programs is enhanced.
block
A typical unit of disk storage consisting of
a small number of sectors. This term usu-
ally refers to the fundamental unit of
storage provided by an operating system.
See also
block size
and
striping
.
block size
The size of a block. See also
block
and
striping
.
bus
A bus forms an information pathway be-
tween the components of a computer.
Your computer contains an expansion bus
that allows the microprocessor to com-
municate with controllers for all the
various peripheral devices connected to
the computer. Your computer also con-
tains an address bus and a data bus for
communications between the micro-
processor and RAM.
byte
Eight bits of information, the basic data
unit used by your computer.
cache
To facilitate quicker data retrieval, a stor-
age area for keeping a copy of data or
instructions. For example, your comput-
er’s BIOS may cache ROM code in faster
RAM. Or, a disk-cache utility may reserve
RAM in which to store frequently access-
ed information from your computer’s disk
drives; when a program makes a request
to a disk drive for data that is in the cache,
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