Chapter 2: Main Application
65
Using the Calculation Submenu
The [Calculation] submenu contains calculus related commands, such as “diff” (differentiation) and “
”
(integration).
u
diff
[Action][Calculation][diff]
Function: Differentiates an expression with respect to a specific variable.
Syntax: diff(Exp/List[,variable] [ ) ]
diff(Exp/List,variable,order[,a] [ ) ]
• “a” is the point for which you want to determine the derivative.
• “order” = 1 when you use the following syntax: diff(Exp/List[,variable][ ) ]. The default variable is “
x
” when
“variable” is omitted.
Example: To differentiate
x
6
with respect to
x
u
impDiff
[Action][Calculation][impDiff]
Function: Differentiates an equation or expression in implicit form with respect
to a specific variable.
Syntax: impDiff(Eq/Exp/List, independent variable, dependent variable)
Example: To find
y
’ using implicit differentiation
Important!
The derivative symbol (’) cannot be used in the argument of “impDiff(”. Trying to use a derivative symbol
would result in a Wrong Argument Type error.
u
∫
[Action][Calculation][
]
Function: Integrates an expression with respect to a specific variable.
Syntax:
(Exp/List[,variable] [ ) ]
(Exp/List, variable, lower limit, upper limit [,
tol
] [ ) ]
• “
x
” is the default when you omit [,variable].
• “
tol
” represents the allowable error range.
• This command returns an approximate value when a range is specified for “
tol
”.
• This command returns the true value of a definite interval when nothing is specified for “
tol
”. If the true value
cannot be obtained, however, this command returns an
approximate value along with
tol
=1
E
– 5.
Example: To integrate
x
with respect to
x
u
lim
[Action][Calculation][lim]
Function: Determines the limit of an expression.
Syntax: lim (Exp/List, variable, point [,direction] [ ) ]
Example: To determine the limit of
e
−
x
as
x
approaches
∞
• This function returns the limit from the left when “direction” < 0, the limit from the right when “direction” > 0,
and the limit from both sides (left and right) when “direction” = 0 or when the direction is omitted.
u
Σ
[Action][Calculation][
Σ
]
Function: Evaluates an expression at discrete variable values within a range, and then calculates a sum.
Syntax:
Σ
(Exp/List, variable, lower value, upper value [ ) ]
Example: To calculate the sum of
x
2
as the value of
x
changes from
x
= 1
through
x
=10
