3. Initial inspection
l
Upon receipt of the CS705, inspect the packaging and contents for damage. File damage
claims with the shipping company.
l
Immediately check package contents against the shipping documentation. Contact
Campbell Scientific about any discrepancies.
4. Overview
The CS705 is manufactured by Campbell Scientific and is based on the paper “Measuring Winter
Precipitation with an Antifreeze-Based Tipping Bucket System” presented at the 1996 Western
Snow Conference (McCaughey and Farnes, 1996). The design possesses inherent delays and is
not suitable for real time precipitation measurements. Three design factors contribute to
measurement delays:
l
air/antifreeze mixture temperature
l
surface tension in the overflow tube
l
precipitation form
All
precipitation
falling
into
the
catch
tube
eventually
flows
through
the
overflow
tube
and
is
measured
by
the
tipping
bucket
ga
u
ge.
A
delay
of
minutes
is
expected
for
liquid
precipitation
so
long
as
a
minimum
volume
of
water
(≈0.03
inches)
is
reached.
A
delay
of
several
hours
(up
to
ten)
is
expected
for
snow.
Lightest
density
snow
at
very
cold
temperatures
has
the
longest
delay.
The
CS705
converts
the
TE525WS
Texas
Electronic
Rain
Ga
u
ge,
into
a
year-
round
precipitation
ga
u
ge.
The
CS705
is
intended
for
use
only
during
winter.
Like
any
sensor,
optimum
performance
is
obtained
by
regular
site
visits.
Any
antifreeze-based
precipitation
ga
u
ge
orifice
is
susceptible
to
capping
or
snow
bridging.
NOTE:
The CS705 is coated with a smooth black coating to minimize surface adhesion and maximize
solar loading, but snow bridging may still not occur.
4.1 Antifreeze
Campbell Scientific recommends a 1:1 mixture of propylene glycol and ethanol (PGE). PGE is
available from Campbell Scientific in a package of four, one-gallon containers. Antifreeze can
CS705 Snowfall Adapter
2
