Analog Devices ADSP-2186, Specification Sheet

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ADSP-2186
–7–
REV. 0
Clock Signals
The ADSP-2186 can be clocked by either a crystal or a TTL-
compatible clock signal.
The CLKIN input cannot be halted, changed during operation
or operated below the specified frequency during normal opera-
tion. The only exception is while the processor is in the power-
down state. For additional information, refer to Chapter 9,
ADSP-2100 Family User’s Manual, for detailed information on
this power-down feature.
If an external clock is used, it should be a TTL-compatible
signal running at half the instruction rate. The signal is con-
nected to the processor’s CLKIN input. When an external clock
is used, the XTAL input must be left unconnected.
The ADSP-2186 uses an input clock with a frequency equal to
half the instruction rate; a 16.67 MHz input clock yields a 30 ns
processor cycle (which is equivalent to 33 MHz). Normally,
instructions are executed in a single processor cycle. All device
timing is relative to the internal instruction clock rate, which is
indicated by the CLKOUT signal when enabled.
Because the ADSP-2186 includes an on-chip oscillator circuit,
an external crystal may be used. The crystal should be con-
nected across the CLKIN and XTAL pins, with two capacitors
connected as shown in Figure 3. Capacitor values are dependent
on crystal type and should be specified by the crystal manufac-
turer. A parallel-resonant, fundamental frequency, microproces-
sor-grade crystal should be used.
A clock output (CLKOUT) signal is generated by the proces-
sor at the processor’s cycle rate. This can be enabled and
disabled by the CLKODIS bit in the SPORT0 Autobuffer
Control Register.
CLKIN CLKOUT
XTAL
DSP
Figure 3. External Crystal Connections
Reset
The
RESET
signal initiates a master reset of the ADSP-2186.
The
RESET
signal must be asserted during the power-up
sequence to assure proper initialization.
RESET
during initial
power-up must be held long enough to allow the internal clock
to stabilize. If
RESET
is activated any time after power-up, the
clock continues to run and does not require stabilization time.
The power-up sequence is defined as the total time required for
the crystal oscillator circuit to stabilize after a valid V
DD
is
applied to the processor, and for the internal phase-locked loop
(PLL) to lock onto the specific crystal frequency. A minimum of
2000 CLKIN cycles ensures that the PLL has locked, but does
not include the crystal oscillator start-up time. During this
power-up sequence the
RESET
signal should be held low. On
any subsequent resets, the
RESET
signal must meet the mini-
mum pulse width specification, t
RSP
.
The
RESET
input contains some hysteresis; however, if you use
an RC circuit to generate your
RESET
signal, the use of an
external Schmidt trigger is recommended.
The master reset sets all internal stack pointers to the empty
stack condition, masks all interrupts and clears the MSTAT
register. When
RESET
is released, if there is no pending bus
request and the chip is configured for booting, the boot-loading
sequence is performed. The first instruction is fetched from
on-chip program memory location 0x0000 once boot loading
completes.
MEMORY ARCHITECTURE
The ADSP-2186 provides a variety of memory and peripheral
interface options. The key functional groups are Program Memory,
Data Memory, Byte Memory and I/O.
Program Memory (Full Memory Mode) is a 24-bit-wide space
for storing both instruction opcodes and data. The ADSP-2186
has 8K words of Program Memory RAM on chip, and the capabil-
ity of accessing up to two 8K external memory overlay spaces using
the external data bus. Both an instruction opcode and a data value
can be read from on-chip program memory in a single cycle.
Data Memory (Full Memory Mode) is a 16-bit-wide space
used for the storage of data variables and for memory-mapped
control registers. The ADSP-2186 has 8K words on Data
Memory RAM on chip, consisting of 8160 user-accessible
locations and 32 memory-mapped registers. Support also exists
for up to two 8K external memory overlay spaces through the
external data bus.
Byte Memory (Full Memory Mode) provides access to an
8-bit wide memory space through the Byte DMA (BDMA) port.
The Byte Memory interface provides access to 4 MBytes of
memory by utilizing eight data lines as additional address lines.
This gives the BDMA Port an effective 22-bit address range. On
power-up, the DSP can automatically load bootstrap code from
byte memory.
I/O Space (Full Memory Mode) allows access to 2048 loca-
tions of 16-bit-wide data. It is intended to be used to communi-
cate with parallel peripheral devices such as data converters and
external registers or latches.
Program Memory
The ADSP-2186 contains an 8K
×
24 on-chip program RAM.
The on-chip program memory is designed to allow up to two
accesses each cycle so that all operations can complete in a
single cycle. In addition, the ADSP-2186 allows the use of 8K
external memory overlays.
The program memory space organization is controlled by the
Mode B pin and the PMOVLAY register. Normally, the ADSP-
2186 is configured with Mode B = 0 and program memory
organized as shown in Figure 4.
EXTERNAL 8K
(PMOVLAY = 1 or 2,
MODE B = 0)
0x3FFF
0x2000
0x1FFF
8K INTERNAL
0x0000
PROGRAM MEMORY ADDRESS
Figure 4. Program Memory (Mode B = 0)