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8. WDS + AP Mode 

 

 

 

85 

                       

AirLive G.DUO User’s Manual

 

 

 

 

8.2 Radio1:  WDS  Bridge  Settings 

The Radio1 is working in WDS Bridge for connection to remote Bridge network. 
When you select “Radio1” as the interface, the following screen will appear.   

 

 

8.2.1 Basic Wireless Settings 

„

 

Band:

    You can choose between “802.11g/b”, “802.11g”, or “802.11b”.    We 

recommend to leave the setting at “802.11g/b”. 

„

 

Channel

:    Wireless Channel used.    For EU, it is channel 1~13.    For U.S.A., it is 

Summary of Contents for G.DUO

Page 1: ...G DUO Dual 11g Access Point User s Manual ...

Page 2: ...effort to ensure the accuracy of the information in this user s guide However we are not liable for the inaccuracies or errors in this guide Please use with caution All information is subject to change without notice All Trademarks are properties of their respective holders This product contains some codes from GPL In compliance with GPL agreement AirLive will publish the GPL codes on our website ...

Page 3: ... 4 Hardware Installation 7 2 4 1 Passive PoE Installation 8 2 4 2 Wall Mount Installation 9 2 5 LED Table 10 2 6 Restore Settings to Default 10 3 Configuring the G DUO 11 3 1 Important Information 11 3 2 Prepare your PC 12 3 3 Management Interface 12 Web Management HTTP 12 Secured Web Management HTTPS 13 Command Line Interface Telnet 13 Secure Shell SSH SSH2 13 3 4 Introduction to Web Management 1...

Page 4: ... 33 4 3 10 DoS Denial of Service 33 4 3 11 URL Filter 34 4 3 12 MAC Filter 34 4 3 13 IP Filter 35 4 3 14 Port Filter 35 4 3 15 Router Static Route 35 4 3 16 RIP Routing Information Protocol 36 4 4 Radio2 AP Mode Settings 37 4 4 1 Basic Wireless Settings 37 4 4 2 Security Settings 37 4 4 3 Advance Wireless Settings 40 4 4 4 Access Control 41 4 4 5 Associated Clients 42 5 Dual AP Mode 43 5 1 Applica...

Page 5: ...s Settings 66 7 2 2 Security Settings 66 7 2 3 Advance Wireless Settings 68 7 2 4 Access Control 70 7 2 5 Associated Clients 70 7 2 6 Signal Survey 71 7 2 7 WAN Port 71 7 2 8 Virtual Server Settings 72 7 2 9 DMZ 73 7 2 10 DDNS 73 7 2 11 DoS Denial of Service 74 7 2 12 URL Filter 74 7 2 13 MAC Filter 75 7 2 14 IP Filter 75 7 2 15 Port Filter 75 7 2 16 Router Static Route 76 7 2 17 RIP Routing Infor...

Page 6: ... 97 9 2 1 DHCP Settings 98 9 2 2 802 1d Spanning Tree 98 9 2 3 Clone MAC Address 98 9 2 4 Disable PING 98 9 2 5 Add DHCP Static Lease Client 99 9 3 Time Settings 99 9 4 Password Settings 100 9 5 System Management 100 9 6 SNMP Settings 101 9 7 Watchdog 102 9 7 1 Firmware Upgrade 102 9 7 2 Configuration Save and Restore 103 9 8 Factory Default 104 10 Device Status Menu 105 10 1 Menu Structure 105 10...

Page 7: ...2 1 Power Supply 113 13 2 2 Dimension and Weight 113 13 2 Radio Specifications 114 13 2 1 Frequency Band 114 13 2 3 Rate and Modulation 114 13 2 4 TX Output Power 114 13 2 5 Receiver Sensitivity 114 13 2 6 Supported WLAN Mode 115 13 3 Software Features 115 14 Wireless Network Glossary 117 ...

Page 8: ...you need are very likely to be there 1 2 Firmware Upgrade and Tech Support If you encounter a technical issue that can not be resolved by information on this guide we recommend that you visit our comprehensive website support at www airlive com The tech support FAQ are frequently updated with latest information In addition you might find new firmwares that either increase software functions or pro...

Page 9: ...ntenna alignment Emergency firmware recovery mode Web HTTPS SSH SSH2 Telnet and SNMP managements 1 4 Wireless Operation Modes The G DUO can perform as a multi function wireless device Through the AirLogic web interface users can easily select which wireless mode they wish the G DUO to perform The G DUO can be configured to operate in the following wireless operation modes 1 4 1 WISP AP Mode This m...

Page 10: ...s 2 Access Points You can have both radios with directional antennas to create a larger coverage Please remember to set the channels of the radios as far apart as possible 1 4 4 Gateway AP In this mode both Radios are acting as wireless router The WAN port is the LAN1 port The application for this is to extend the wireless router s coverage You can use 2 directional antennas to provide longer dist...

Page 11: ...io2 works as an Access Point This mode is design to build a wireless backbone network while providing hotspot access through Radio2 s AP network It is ideal for Hotel Installation When using this mode please make sure that the channels are set apart between Radio1 and Radio2 Radio1 should install with directional antenna ...

Page 12: ...d Radio2 at Channel 11 It is recommended that you adjust the antenna angles to get the best performance You can try to move the antenna outward as indicated on the diagram below if you encounter poor performance problem The LAN1 port also work as the passive POE port and the WAN port Gateway mode only The passive PoE DC Injector is optional it is not included with the package Please use a 12V pass...

Page 13: ...Quick Start Guide 2 3 Knowing your G DUO Below are descriptions and diagrams of the product Radio 1 Antenna Connector Radio 2 Antenna Connector Power Adapter Connector LAN Ports WAN Passive PoE Port Reset Button 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 LED Indicators ...

Page 14: ...ual 2 4 Hardware Installation 1 Please install the antennas by turning clock wise into the RF1 and RF2 antenna connectors 2 Now connect the power adapter to the G DUO 3 Connect the Ethernet cable to one of the LAN port and the other end to your PC ...

Page 15: ...connection please connect the Internet cable to WAN port 2 4 1 Passive PoE Installation If you want to supply the power by using Passive PoE please follow the installation diagram below Please note that that the passive DC Injector is not included with G DUO it need to be purchased separately G DUO uses 12V passive PoE system ...

Page 16: ...unt screw are on the underside of the case Please measure the distance between the holes Then install 2 screws in the desire location with the measured distance apart from each other Please do not screw all the way in leave some space for mounting with the G DUO 2 Now please hang the G DUO on those 2 screws ...

Page 17: ...Flashing Transmitting Data OFF Radio Disabled LAN1 4 WAN Steady Blue Link established Fast Flashing Transmitting Data OFF No Link 2 6 Restore Settings to Default If you have forgotten your G DUO s IP address or password you can restore your G DUO to the default settings by pressing on the reset button for more than 5 seconds You might need a pen or pencil for this operation The reset button is ins...

Page 18: ...ssword protection please go to System Configuration Password Settings The default SSID for Radio1 is airlive1 The default SSID for Radio2 is airlive2 The default wireless mode is WISP AP mode Please remember to Apply Change for settings to be saved and take effect Please remember to Reboot the device after all settings are changed Please keep the TX output power as low as possible for best perform...

Page 19: ... Set your PC s IP address to Obtain an IP address Automatically The G DUO should provide your PC an valid IP address 3 If you want to set your PC s IP address manually please set to 192 168 1 50 or other address in the same subnet You are ready now to configure the G DUO using your PC 3 3 Management Interface The G DUO can be configured using one the management interfaces below Web Management HTTP...

Page 20: ...menu and enable Telnet To use the CLI please open the command line window Then type telnet 192 168 1 254 to start To get a list of available command and their usage please type help on the command prompt Secure Shell SSH SSH2 SSH is an encrypted Command Line Interface that allow user to send text commands through SSL encryption Therefore it provides the added advantage of security comparing to Tel...

Page 21: ...e SSH session When the following screen appear click on Yes to continue If you have set up password please enter your login and password If not you will enter the command prompt directly Now you are ready to enter commands To get a list of available command and their usage please type help on the command prompt 1 2 ...

Page 22: ...ort 443 This procedure is not necessary in most cases unless there is a router firewall between your PC and G DUO 3 4 1 Getting into Web Management Normal Web Management HTTP To get into the Normal Web Management simply type in the G DUO s IP address default IP is 192 168 1 254 into the web browser s address field Secured Web Management HTTPS To get into the Secured Web Management just type https ...

Page 23: ...3 Configuring the G DUO AirLive G DUO User s Manual 16 Firefox 1 Select or you can add an exception 2 Click on Add Exception 2 1 ...

Page 24: ...r the Web configuration the following screen will appear Wireless Settings The G DUO s wireless settings are different between wireless modes Only functions that are applicable to the wireless mode will show to simplify configuration For this reason the first step to configure the G DUO is to select the wireless mode The router mode specific functions are also in this Wireless Settings Language Se...

Page 25: ...nformation on device status Ethernet status wireless status wireless client table and system log Language Selection You can change the language for the Web interface from here 3 5 Initial Configurations We recommend users to browse through G DUO s web management interface to get an overall picture of the functions and interface Below are the recommended initial configurations for first time login ...

Page 26: ...le below to change to Gateway AP mode 1 Select Gateway AP mode 2 Click on Setup Button button 3 The AP might ask you to confirm the mode change Once confirm the AP will reboot to its new mode 3 5 2 Change the Device s IP Address The default IP address is at 192 168 1 254 You should change it to the same subnet as your network Also if you want to manage G DUO remotely you have to set the Gateway an...

Page 27: ...e go to System Configuration Password Settings menu Then enter your username and password and click on Apply Change button You can also come to this menu to change your password in the future 3 5 4 Enable Telnet or SSH The Telnet and SSH management interface are turned off by default If you wish to use them please go to the System Configuration System Management menu Check Telnet or SSH then click...

Page 28: ...3 Configuring the G DUO 21 AirLive G DUO User s Manual ...

Page 29: ... Initial Configurations first 4 1 Application for WISP AP Mode This mode is designed for WISP subscriber to have both Internet connection to WISP AP and wireless network for home Radio1 acts as a client router to connect with outdoor AP Radio1 works as a wireless AP for home This combination allows WISP subscriber to share their Internet connection wirelessly In this mode the WAN on the Radio1 sid...

Page 30: ...o1 first 2 Use Site Survey function to find the Outdoor AP and adjust antenna alignment using Signal Survey function 3 Use Site Survey to establish connection and enter encryption key with Outdoor AP 4 Configure the WAN type for the Radio1 to the Outdoor AP 5 Enable the Remote Management so WISP operator can manage the AP from remote 6 Configure Radio2 now 7 You should be able to keep default sett...

Page 31: ...ng screen should appear with results of available APs in the area Step2 Now select Outdoor AP on the list then press Signal Survey Adjust your antenna until the signal level is at the highest Step3 Now close the window and go back to the Site Survey page Select the Outdoor AP and press the Connect button The G DUO will inform you encryption type mismatch and ask if you want to configure the encryp...

Page 32: ...tep5 Go to the wireless setting page and select WAN Port Enter the WAN information in this example is Static IP and check the Enable Web Access on WAN for remote management Radio2 Step1 Go to the wireless setting and change the interface to Radio2 Step2 Now we know the Outdoor AP is using Channel 11 Please set Radio2 s channel to as far as possible In this case it will be Channel 1 ...

Page 33: ...N is on the wireless side When you select Radio1 as the interface the following screen will appear 4 3 1 Basic Wireless Settings Band You can choose between 802 11g b 802 11g or 802 11b We recommend to leave the setting at 802 11g b SSID The SSID setting of the remote AP If you are not sure you can click on Site Survey button to scan for AP Channel Wireless Channel used For EU it is channel 1 13 F...

Page 34: ...ich key will be used for encryption All wireless devices on the same network have to use the same settings We recommend using WEP Key 1 as in default setting Authentication 2 types of Authentication are offered Open system and Shared key If you are not sure which one to use please select Auto Key Length The G DUO offers 64bit and 128 bit for WEP key length The longer the Key Length the more secure...

Page 35: ...cted Access WPA introduces the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP that provides added security WPA2 adds full support for 802 11i standard and the CCMP AES Encryption The WPA Mixed tries to authenticate wireless clients using both WPA PSK or WPA2 PSK Encryption Type There are two encryption types TKIP and CCMP AES While CCMP provides better security than TKIP some wireless client stations may no...

Page 36: ...acon frames regularly to announce its existence The beacon Interval specifies how often beacon frames are transmitted in time unit of milliseconds The default value is 100 and a valid value should be between 1 and 65 535 AckTimeOut When a packet is sent out from one wireless station to the other it will waits for an Acknowledgement frame from the remote station The station will only wait for a cer...

Page 37: ...SID invisible A device can link with the AP only if correct SSID name is entered TX Power Level You can set your TX Output power level here Please note the maximum allowable TX output power in EU is 20dBm Please do not exceed your country s legal limit 4 3 4 Site Survey Operation Mode Setup Site Survey You can scan for wireless networks around your location using the Site Survey function From the ...

Page 38: ...ect the ESSID and click on the Signal Survey button the following screen will appear BSSID This is the remote AP s MAC address Channel The current scanned channel Signal Strength This is signal strength number in percentage in 0 to 100 scale The higher the number the better signal 4 3 6 WAN Port Operation Mode Setup WAN Port The G DUO support different authentication and IP assignment standards fo...

Page 39: ...erver computers on the LAN that may be accessed by any Internet user Internet data destined for the specified public port will be directed to the specified private port number on the LAN client with the specified private IP address If you want to allow your web server ftp server or email server to be accessible from Internet you would need to open specific port on the virtual server to your local ...

Page 40: ...er account with a domain name The G DUO support Dyndns and TZO service 4 3 10 DoS Denial of Service Denial of Service is a type of network attack that floods the network with useless traffic Many DoS attacks such as the Ping of Death and Teardrop attacks exploit limitations in the TCP IP protocols The G DUO provides a list of Firewall grade DoS control that protect your network from hacker attack ...

Page 41: ...RL filter function to stop access to certain website It is especially useful for parents to stop children from accessing some websites 4 3 12 MAC Filter MAC filter can filter out traffic from certain MAC addresses It can prevent access to internet from certain station in the local LAN ...

Page 42: ...resses from accessing the network 4 3 14 Port Filter Port filtering allows you to block certain applications from accessing the network 4 3 15 Router Static Route This allows you to manually configure static network routes Static routes will override routes learned by standard routing protocol discover methods ...

Page 43: ...de AirLive G DUO User s Manual 36 4 3 16 RIP Routing Information Protocol Operation Mode Setup Access Control The Routing Information Protocol RIP is a dynamic routing protocol used in local and wide area networks ...

Page 44: ...SID The SSID setting of the remote AP If you are not sure you can click on Site Survey button to scan for AP Channel Wireless Channel used For EU it is channel 1 13 For U S A it is channel 1 11 4 4 2 Security Settings Operation Mode Setup Security Settings Security settings allow you to use encryption to secure your data from eavesdropping You can select different security policy to provide associ...

Page 45: ...y Type 2 types are available ASCII and HEX ASCII is a string of ASCII code including alphabetical characters space signs and numbers i e airlivepass12 HEX is a string of 16 bit hexadecimal digits 0 9 a b c d e f All wireless devices on the network must match the exact key length and Key type Some Wireless clients only allow HEX type for WEP ASCII 64 This is a key with 64 bit key length of ASCII ty...

Page 46: ...P AES While CCMP provides better security than TKIP some wireless client stations may not be equipped with the hardware to support it You can select Mixed to allow TKIP clients and CCMP clients to connect to the Access Point at the same time Pre Shared Key Format You can select between Passphrase ASCII or HEX format Please select Passphrase if you are not sure what to use Pre Shared Key Enter the ...

Page 47: ...f 2346 If you experience a high packet error rate you should slightly decrease the Fragmentation Threshold RTS Threshold RTS CTS frames are used to gain control of the medium for transmission Any unicast data or control frames larger than specified RTS threshold must be transmitted following the RTS CTS handshake exchange mechanism The RTS threshold should have a value between 256 2347 bytes with ...

Page 48: ...mble is intended for applications where minimum overhead and maximum performance is desired If in a noisy network environment the performance will be decreased IAPP IAPP Inter Access Point Protocol is designed for the enforcement of unique association throughout a ESS Extended Service Set and a secure exchange of station s security context between current access point AP and new AP during handoff ...

Page 49: ...d Allow list When selected data traffic from only the specified devices in the table will be allowed in the network Deny list When selected data traffic from the devices specified in the table will be denied discarded by the network 4 4 5 Associated Clients Click on this to show the current wireless clients associated to the AP It will display MAC adderss Trasmit packet Tx rate power saving expire...

Page 50: ...ommended that you use 2 directional antennas in this mode to achieve larger coverage and avoid mutual interference If you need to use the supplied 2dBi omni antennas please adjust them according to the diagram below 5 1 Application for Dual AP Mode The Dual AP mode is designed to extend the wireless coverage of the Hotspot network Therefore you should use directional antennas like a 10dBi panel an...

Page 51: ...d Radio2 are Access Point mode The configuration menu are the same We will explain them together here Radio1 s default SSID is airlive1 Radio2 s default SSID is airlive2 5 2 1 Basic Wireless Settings Band You can choose between 802 11g b 802 11g or 802 11b We recommend leaving the setting at 802 11g b ...

Page 52: ... DUO features various security policies including WEP 802 1x WPA WPA Personal WPA2 WPA2 Personal WPA Mixed WEP WEP Encryption is the oldest and most available encryption method However it is also the least secure Select one of the WEP key for wireless network There are total of 4 possible keys for WEP encryption You need to choose which key will be used for encryption All wireless devices on the s...

Page 53: ...with 64 bit key length of ASCII type Please enter 13 ASCII Characters if you choose this option For example airlivewepkey HEX 128 This is a key with 128 bit key length of HEX type Please enter 26 Hexadecimal digits if you choose this option For example 1234567890abcdef1234567890 WPA Personal WPA2 Personal WPA Mixed Pre Shared Key The WPA Personal is also known as WPA PSK encryption Wi Fi Protected...

Page 54: ...Shared Key Enter the password key here WPA Enterprise WPA2 Enterprise WPA Mixed Enterprise Radius Wi Fi Protected Access WPA Enterprise uses Radius Server as the authenticator WPA2 adds full support for 802 11i standard and the CCMP AES Encryption The WPA Mixed tries to authenticate wireless clients using both WPA or WPA2 5 2 3 Advance Wireless Settings Operation Mode Setup Advance ...

Page 55: ...tain amount of time this time is called the ACK timeout In most conditions please put ACKtimeout value at zero default value The AP will calculate the ACKtimeout automatically when the value is zero However you can also enter the ACKtimeout manually Preamble Type A preamble is a signal used in wireless environment to synchronize the transmitting timing including Synchronization and Start frame del...

Page 56: ...ss network This function is available only for Access Point and Gateway modes Access Control List Disable When selected no MAC address filtering will be performed Allow list When selected data traffic from only the specified devices in the table will be allowed in the network Deny list When selected data traffic from the devices specified in the table will be denied discarded by the network 5 2 5 ...

Page 57: ...5 Dual AP Mode AirLive G DUO User s Manual 50 ...

Page 58: ...ded that you use directional antenna for Radio1 in this mode to achieve larger coverage and avoid mutual interference If you need to use the supplied 2dBi omni antennas please adjust them according to the diagram below 6 1 Application for Client AP Mode In this mode the Radio1 is acting as wireless client to remote AP Radio2 is performing as an Access Point This mode is best used as a wireless rep...

Page 59: ... appear 6 2 1 Basic Wireless Settings Band You can choose between 802 11g b 802 11g or 802 11b We recommend to leave the setting at 802 11g b SSID The SSID setting of the remote AP If you are not sure you can click on Site Survey button to scan for AP Channel Wireless Channel used For EU it is channel 1 13 For U S A it is channel 1 11 For Client and WISP mode this field is applicable only in Adhoc...

Page 60: ...e WEP key for wireless network There are total of 4 possible keys for WEP encryption You need to choose which key will be used for encryption All wireless devices on the same network have to use the same settings We recommend using WEP Key 1 as in default setting Authentication 2 types of Authentication are offered Open system and Shared key If you are not sure which one to use please select Auto ...

Page 61: ...ease enter 26 Hexadecimal digits if you choose this option For example 1234567890abcdef1234567890 WPA PSK WPA2 PSK WPA AUTO Wi Fi Protected Access WPA introduces the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP that provides added security WPA2 adds full support for 802 11i standard and the CCMP AES Encryption The WPA Mixed tries to authenticate wireless clients using both WPA PSK or WPA2 PSK Encryption T...

Page 62: ...e from the default too much Beacon Interval The device broadcasts beacon frames regularly to announce its existence The beacon Interval specifies how often beacon frames are transmitted in time unit of milliseconds The default value is 100 and a valid value should be between 1 and 65 535 AckTimeOut When a packet is sent out from one wireless station to the other it will waits for an Acknowledgemen...

Page 63: ...ide SSID will make the AP network s SSID invisible A device can link with the AP only if correct SSID name is entered TX Power Level You can set your TX Output power level here Please note the maximum allowable TX output power in EU is 20dBm Please do not exceed your country s legal limit 6 2 4 Site Survey Operation Mode Setup Site Survey You can scan for wireless networks around your location usi...

Page 64: ...e ESSID and click on the Signal Survey button the following screen will appear BSSID This is the remote AP s MAC address Channel The current scanned channel Signal Strength This is signal strength number in percentage in 0 to 100 scale The higher the number the better signal 6 2 6 Enable MAC Clone Single Ethernet Client When this function is enabled G DUO will replace the MAC address of Radio1 wit...

Page 65: ... sure you can click on Site Survey button to scan for AP Channel Wireless Channel used For EU it is channel 1 13 For U S A it is channel 1 11 6 3 2 Security Settings Operation Mode Setup Security Settings Security settings allow you to use encryption to secure your data from eavesdropping You can select different security policy to provide association authentication and or data encryption The G DU...

Page 66: ...SCII code including alphabetical characters space signs and numbers i e airlivepass12 HEX is a string of 16 bit hexadecimal digits 0 9 a b c d e f All wireless devices on the network must match the exact key length and Key type Some Wireless clients only allow HEX type for WEP ASCII 64 This is a key with 64 bit key length of ASCII type Please enter 5 ASCII Characters if you choose this option For ...

Page 67: ...CCMP provides better security than TKIP some wireless client stations may not be equipped with the hardware to support it You can select Mixed to allow TKIP clients and CCMP clients to connect to the Access Point at the same time Pre Shared Key Format You can select between Passphrase ASCII or HEX format Please select Passphrase if you are not sure what to use Pre Shared Key Enter the password key...

Page 68: ...m The RTS threshold should have a value between 256 2347 bytes with a default of 2347 It is recommended that this value does not deviate from the default too much Beacon Interval The device broadcasts beacon frames regularly to announce its existence The beacon Interval specifies how often beacon frames are transmitted in time unit of milliseconds The default value is 100 and a valid value should ...

Page 69: ...w AP during handoff period BG Protection The 802 11g standard includes a protection mechanism to ensure mixed 802 11b and 802 11g operation If there is no such kind of mechanism exists the two kinds of standards may mutually interfere and decrease network s performance Hide SSID Enable Hide SSID will make the AP network s SSID invisible A device can link with the AP only if correct SSID name is en...

Page 70: ...nly the specified devices in the table will be allowed in the network Deny list When selected data traffic from the devices specified in the table will be denied discarded by the network 6 3 5 Associated Clients Click on this to show the current wireless clients associated to the AP It will display MAC adderss Trasmit packet Tx rate power saving expire time and signal strength ...

Page 71: ... is highly recommended that you use 2 directional antennas in this mode to achieve larger coverage and avoid mutual interference If you need to use the supplied 2dBi Omni antennas please adjust them according to the diagram below 7 1 Application for Gateway AP Mode In this mode both Radio1 and Radio2 are performing as AP Router This is perfect for shopping mall or office where they can extend the ...

Page 72: ... in the LAN1 It can be seen as a wireless router with 2 radios 7 2 Radio1 WISP Router Mode Settings Although both Radio1 and Radio2 are working as wireless router the WAN configuration is on the Radio1 side When you select Radio1 as the interface the following screen will appear ...

Page 73: ...ow you to use encryption to secure your data from eavesdropping You can select different security policy to provide association authentication and or data encryption The G DUO features various security policies including WEP 802 1x WPA WPA Personal WPA2 WPA2 Personal WPA Mixed WEP WEP Encryption is the oldest and most available encryption method However it is also the least secure Select one of th...

Page 74: ...haracters if you choose this option For example passw HEX 64 This is a key with 64 bit key length of HEX type Please enter 10 Hexadecimal digits if you choose this option For example 12345abcdef ASCII 128 This is a key with 64 bit key length of ASCII type Please enter 13 ASCII Characters if you choose this option For example airlivewepkey HEX 128 This is a key with 128 bit key length of HEX type P...

Page 75: ...ared Key Format You can select between Passphrase ASCII or HEX format Please select Passphrase if you are not sure what to use Pre Shared Key Enter the password key here WPA Enterprise WPA2 Enterprise WPA Mixed Enterprise Radius Wi Fi Protected Access WPA Enterprise uses Radius Server as the authenticator WPA2 adds full support for 802 11i standard and the CCMP AES Encryption The WPA Mixed tries t...

Page 76: ...in amount of time this time is called the ACK timeout In most conditions please put ACKtimeout value at zero default value The AP will calculate the ACKtimeout automatically when the value is zero However you can also enter the ACKtimeout manually Preamble Type A preamble is a signal used in wireless environment to synchronize the transmitting timing including Synchronization and Start frame delim...

Page 77: ... network This function is available only for Access Point and Gateway modes Access Control List Disable When selected no MAC address filtering will be performed Allow list When selected data traffic from only the specified devices in the table will be allowed in the network Deny list When selected data traffic from the devices specified in the table will be denied discarded by the network 7 2 5 As...

Page 78: ...lect the ESSID and click on the Signal Survey button the following screen will appear BSSID This is the remote AP s MAC address Channel The current scanned channel Signal Strength This is signal strength number in percentage in 0 to 100 scale The higher the number the better signal 7 2 7 WAN Port Operation Mode Setup WAN Port The G DUO support different authentication and IP assignment standards f...

Page 79: ...able remote management from WAN side 7 2 8 Virtual Server Settings Virtual server allows you to specify one or more applications running on server computers on the LAN that may be accessed by any Internet user Internet data destined for the specified public port will be directed to the specified private port number on the LAN client with the specified private IP address If you want to allow your w...

Page 80: ...2 9 DMZ Advanced Settings Multiple DMZ DMZ opens all TCP UDP ports to particular IP address on the LAN side It allows setting up servers behind the G DUO 7 2 10 DDNS Dynamic Domain Name System An algorithm that allows the use of dynamic IP address for hosting Internet Server A DDNS service provides each user account with a domain name The G DUO support Dyndns and TZO service ...

Page 81: ...DoS attacks such as the Ping of Death and Teardrop attacks exploit limitations in the TCP IP protocols The G DUO provides a list of Firewall grade DoS control that protect your network from hacker attack 7 2 12 URL Filter The G DUO provide URL filter function to stop access to certain website It is especially useful for parents to stop children from accessing some websites ...

Page 82: ...c from certain MAC addresses It can prevent access to internet from certain station in the local LAN 7 2 14 IP Filter IP filtering allows you to block certain IP addresses from accessing the network 7 2 15 Port Filter Port filtering allows you to block certain applications from accessing the network ...

Page 83: ... manually configure static network routes Static routes will override routes learned by standard routing protocol discover methods 7 2 17 RIP Routing Information Protocol Operation Mode Setup Access Control The Routing Information Protocol RIP is a dynamic routing protocol used in local and wide ...

Page 84: ... 77 AirLive G DUO User s Manual area networks 7 3 Radio2 AP Mode Settings The Radio2 is working in Access Point Mode The default SSID is AirLive2 When you select Radio2 as the interface the following screen will appear ...

Page 85: ...ow you to use encryption to secure your data from eavesdropping You can select different security policy to provide association authentication and or data encryption The G DUO features various security policies including WEP 802 1x WPA WPA Personal WPA2 WPA2 Personal WPA Mixed WEP WEP Encryption is the oldest and most available encryption method However it is also the least secure Select one of th...

Page 86: ...haracters if you choose this option For example passw HEX 64 This is a key with 64 bit key length of HEX type Please enter 10 Hexadecimal digits if you choose this option For example 12345abcdef ASCII 128 This is a key with 64 bit key length of ASCII type Please enter 13 ASCII Characters if you choose this option For example airlivewepkey HEX 128 This is a key with 128 bit key length of HEX type P...

Page 87: ...ared Key Format You can select between Passphrase ASCII or HEX format Please select Passphrase if you are not sure what to use Pre Shared Key Enter the password key here WPA Enterprise WPA2 Enterprise WPA Mixed Enterprise Radius Wi Fi Protected Access WPA Enterprise uses Radius Server as the authenticator WPA2 adds full support for 802 11i standard and the CCMP AES Encryption The WPA Mixed tries t...

Page 88: ...tation The station will only wait for a certain amount of time this time is called the ACK timeout In most conditions please put ACKtimeout value at zero default value The AP will calculate the ACKtimeout automatically when the value is zero However you can also enter the ACKtimeout manually Preamble Type A preamble is a signal used in wireless environment to synchronize the transmitting timing in...

Page 89: ... are allowed or denied to access the wireless network This function is available only for Access Point and Gateway modes Access Control List Disable When selected no MAC address filtering will be performed Allow list When selected data traffic from only the specified devices in the table will be allowed in the network Deny list When selected data traffic from the devices specified in the table wil...

Page 90: ...7 Gateway AP Mode 83 AirLive G DUO User s Manual ...

Page 91: ...nal antenna for Radio1 in this mode to achieve larger coverage and avoid mutual interference If you need to use the supplied 2dBi omni antennas please adjust them according to the diagram below 8 1 Application for WDS AP Mode In this mode the Radio1 is working in Bridge mode to connect with another Remote Bridge Radio2 is performing as an Access Point The Radio1 can be used to build backbone conne...

Page 92: ...r connection to remote Bridge network When you select Radio1 as the interface the following screen will appear 8 2 1 Basic Wireless Settings Band You can choose between 802 11g b 802 11g or 802 11b We recommend to leave the setting at 802 11g b Channel Wireless Channel used For EU it is channel 1 13 For U S A it is ...

Page 93: ...can select different security policy to provide association authentication and or data encryption The G DUO features various security policies including WEP 802 1x WPA WPA Personal WPA2 WPA2 Personal WPA Mixed WEP WEP Encryption is the oldest and most available encryption method However it is also the least secure Select one of the WEP key for wireless network There are total of 4 possible keys fo...

Page 94: ... example 12345abcdef ASCII 128 This is a key with 64 bit key length of ASCII type Please enter 13 ASCII Characters if you choose this option For example airlivewepkey HEX 128 This is a key with 128 bit key length of HEX type Please enter 26 Hexadecimal digits if you choose this option For example 1234567890abcdef1234567890 WPA PSK WPA2 PSK Wi Fi Protected Access WPA introduces the Temporal Key Int...

Page 95: ...ransmitted following the RTS CTS handshake exchange mechanism The RTS threshold should have a value between 256 2347 bytes with a default of 2347 It is recommended that this value does not deviate from the default too much Beacon Interval The device broadcasts beacon frames regularly to announce its existence The beacon Interval specifies how often beacon frames are transmitted in time unit of mil...

Page 96: ...2 11b and 802 11g operation If there is no such kind of mechanism exists the two kinds of standards may mutually interfere and decrease network s performance TX Power Level You can set your TX Output power level here Please note the maximum allowable TX output power in EU is 20dBm Please do not exceed your country s legal limit 8 2 4 Site Survey Operation Mode Setup Site Survey WDS requires you to...

Page 97: ... BSSID This is the remote AP s MAC address Channel The current scanned channel Signal This is signal strength number in percentage in 0 to 100 scale The higher the number the better signal 8 2 6 WDS Settings For Bridge network it is required to enter the Wireless MAC address of all remote bridges that is connect directly to your G DUO The wireless MAC address is also known as BSSID that is display...

Page 98: ...tting at 802 11g b SSID The SSID setting of the remote AP If you are not sure you can click on Site Survey button to scan for AP Channel Wireless Channel used For EU it is channel 1 13 For U S A it is channel 1 11 8 3 2 Security Settings Operation Mode Setup Security Settings Security settings allow you to use encryption to secure your data from eavesdropping You can select different security poli...

Page 99: ... bit for WEP key length The longer the Key Length the more secure the encryption is Key Type 2 types are available ASCII and HEX ASCII is a string of ASCII code including alphabetical characters space signs and numbers i e airlivepass12 HEX is a string of 16 bit hexadecimal digits 0 9 a b c d e f All wireless devices on the network must match the exact key length and Key type Some Wireless clients...

Page 100: ...2 PSK Encryption Type There are two encryption types TKIP and CCMP AES While CCMP provides better security than TKIP some wireless client stations may not be equipped with the hardware to support it You can select Mixed to allow TKIP clients and CCMP clients to connect to the Access Point at the same time Pre Shared Key Format You can select between Passphrase ASCII or HEX format Please select Pas...

Page 101: ...f 2346 If you experience a high packet error rate you should slightly decrease the Fragmentation Threshold RTS Threshold RTS CTS frames are used to gain control of the medium for transmission Any unicast data or control frames larger than specified RTS threshold must be transmitted following the RTS CTS handshake exchange mechanism The RTS threshold should have a value between 256 2347 bytes with ...

Page 102: ...ble is intended for applications where minimum overhead and maximum performance is desired If in a noisy network environment the performance will be decreased IAPP IAPP Inter Access Point Protocol is designed for the enforcement of unique association throughout a ESS Extended Service Set and a secure exchange of station s security context between current access point AP and new AP during handoff p...

Page 103: ...d Allow list When selected data traffic from only the specified devices in the table will be allowed in the network Deny list When selected data traffic from the devices specified in the table will be denied discarded by the network 8 3 5 Associated Clients Click on this to show the current wireless clients associated to the AP It will display MAC adderss Trasmit packet Tx rate power saving expire...

Page 104: ...ions first 9 1 Menu Structure When you click on the System Configuration menu on the top menu bar the following screen will appear The system configuration includes all non wireless settings We will explain their functions here 9 2 LAN Interface Setup System Configurations LAN Interface Setup This menu is where you can configuration all the aspect about LAN interface including IP address DHCP serv...

Page 105: ...r is on DHCP Client Range You can define the IP pool from which the DHCP clients can get IP address Click on Show Clients to see the current DHCP client table DHCP Release Time You can define how long the G DUO will reserve IP address for a particular PC or Device here 9 2 2 802 1d Spanning Tree Enable this will prevent forming of network loop 9 2 3 Clone MAC Address You can change the MAC address...

Page 106: ...e MAC address of the device 2 Enter the IP address of the device 3 Click on the Add button 9 3 Time Settings System Configuration Time Settings You can set the NTP Time Server for your G DUO s internal clock here You can use NTP server function so your G DUO will check with NTP to set time automatically upon each startup Thus it prevents the clock losing track of time during reboot or power outage...

Page 107: ...guration Password Settings The G DUO s password protection is turned off by default To enable password protection or change password just enter your username and password and click on Apply Change button 9 5 System Management System Configuration System Management In this page administrator can change the management parameters and disable enable management interface ...

Page 108: ...he G DUO s SNMP management is OFF by default You should come to this page to enable the SNMP management The G DUO supports RFC 1213MIB and SNMPv2 MIB System Name A name that you assign to your G DUO It is an alphanumeric string of up to 30 characters Read Community If you intend the router to be managed from a remote SNMP management station you need to configure a read only community string for re...

Page 109: ...m Watch Interval means How often the CPE will PING For example it will PING once every 1 minute Watch Host This is the IP address for which the Watchdog will ping Watchdog Actions if the Watch Host fail to respond to PING Then one of the action below will be taken Reconnect the G DUO will attempt to re establish the connection Reboot the G DUO will do a power recycle 9 7 1 Firmware Upgrade System ...

Page 110: ...ve the new firmware take effect Do not power off the device while upgrading the firmware It is recommended that you do not upgrade your G DUO unless the new firmware has new features you need or if it has a fix to a problem that you ve encountered 9 7 2 Configuration Save and Restore System Configuration Configuration Save and Restore The G DUO can save and restore the settings to a file In additi...

Page 111: ...tworks Only restore the network parameters not including wireless Wireless Only restore the wireless settings Step 2 Enter the file name in the Load Settings from File field Or click on Browse button to location the location of the file Step3 Click on Upload button to restore settings 9 8 Factory Default System Configuration Factory Default You can reset the configuration of your G DUO to the fact...

Page 112: ...al explanations on some status information of this page Uptime This displays the time since system last boot up This is a good indication for how long the system has been alive Firmware version The first G DUO firmware release is 1 00e10 In general AirLive will refer to its firmware as exx such as e10 version on the release note Wireless Interface 1 This page displays the current settings and stat...

Page 113: ...l 106 clients in AP WAN Configuration WAN configuration tells you the current status of WAN port such as IP address and connection status 10 3 Statistic This page shows the sent and received packet information for Radio1 Radio2 LAN and WAN interface ...

Page 114: ... Wireless Settings page in AP or Gateway mode for Show Client button 10 5 Log The log function is where you can check for error messages for diagnostic purpose Enable Log Check this box to enable log function All register all logs Wireless register wireless log only DoS register DoS attack log only Enable Remote Log This will enable the Syslog function All logs will be sent to the Syslog server Lo...

Page 115: ...divided into firmware and bootloader area The bootloader area is protected from writing and has a built in emergency web server Therefore the AP can be recovered from emergency web server after a firmware crash The emergency web server is enabled when AP is forced into emergency upgrade mode it s IP will be changed to 192 168 1 6 Procedure to Restore the AP using Emergency Upgrade 1 Please connect...

Page 116: ...Browse button select and open the correct firmware file This firmware file is different from the Web upgradeable firmware Please go to www airlive com to G DUO s support page and download the special firmware for emergency upgrade 8 Click on UPGRADE button Do not touch the AP or PC until the upgrade is completed 9 Wait for AP to finish reboot Open the web browser and type 192 168 1 254 You should ...

Page 117: ...UO at 192 168 1 254 with password airlive Question Why am I not getting good performance when I am running 2 radios at the same time Answer G DUO s 2 radios system require special attention in regards to mutual interference It is recommended that you take the following steps to ensure best performance for a 2 radio system 1 Please make sure the 2 radios channels are set as far apart as possible Fo...

Page 118: ...reless operation mode why can t I find my AP anymore Answer This situation can have 2 possibilities 1 By Default the DHCP server is turned on in WISP AP and Gateway AP mode In other modes the DHCP server is turned off If you get your IP address automatically then when you change to Dual AP Client AP or WDS AP modes Your PC will not be able to get IP address from DHCP server anymore therefore you s...

Page 119: ...vey function that displays the signal strength continuously for antenna alignment Answer The Signal Survey function is inside the Site Survey function After the site survey please select a SSID and press the Signal Survey button The signal strength is indicated by percentage not by SIGNAL STRENGTH The higher the number the stronger the signal Question Why can t I perform emergency upgrade correctl...

Page 120: ...t 12V Passive PoE Port LAN1 WAN Port LAN1 Radio1 26dBm South America or 20dBm EU TX output power Radio2 24dBm South America or 20dBm EU TX output power 7 LED indicators Wall Mount Screw Holes Switching DC12V Power adapter Reset Button 2 x R SMA antenna conectors 13 2 1 Power Supply Power Adapter Voltage input 100 240Vac 50 60Hz output 12V 1A Advance Passive PoE Accept 12 to 24 volts 13 2 2 Dimensi...

Page 121: ...1 5 5 2 1 Mbps Modulation 11g Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing 64QAM 16QAM QPSK BPSK 11b Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum CCK DQPSK DBPSK 13 2 4 TX Output Power Radio1 South America 26dBm 11b South America 20dBm 11g EU 20dBm 11b EU 20dBm 11g Radio2 South America 24dBm 11b South America 20dBm 11g EU 20dBm 11b EU 20dBm 11g 13 2 5 Receiver Sensitivity RF1 Data Rate SIGNAL STRENGTH dB 1 Mbps ...

Page 122: ...RF2 Data Rate SIGNAL STRENGTH dB 1 Mbps 90 2 Mbps 88 5 5 5 Mbps 88 6 Mbps 83 9 Mbps 83 11 Mbps 84 12 Mbps 83 18 Mbps 82 24 Mbps 81 36 Mbps 77 48 Mbps 74 54 Mbps 71 13 2 6 Supported WLAN Mode WISP AP Mode Dual AP Mode Client AP Mode Gateway AP Mode WDS AP Mode 13 3 Software Features Operation Modes WISP AP Mode Dual AP Mode Client AP Mode ...

Page 123: ...vance Functions Site Survey with Signal Strength Indicator Bandwidth Control Traffic Shaping Wi Fi WPA compatible interoperability WPA with PSK TKIP AES support WPA2 support Privacy Separator support Hide SSID Support Support adjustable output power ACK Timeout Adjustment Bootloader Protection and Emergency Firmware Upload Code Radius Supported Up to 40 Static DHCP entries Firmware upgrade and con...

Page 124: ...ce over Ethernet cable 802 11b International standard for wireless networking that operates in the 2 4 GHz frequency band 2 4 GHz to 2 4835 GHz and provides a throughput up to 11 Mbps 802 1d STP Spanning Tree Protocol It is an algorithm to prevent network from forming The STP protocol allows net work to provide a redundant link in the event of a link failure It is advise to turn on this option for...

Page 125: ...s network do not use wireless AP or router as the central hub of the network Instead wireless client are connected directly to each other The disadvantage of Adhoc network is the lack of wired interface to Internet connections It is not recommended for network more than 2 nodes Access Point AP The central hub of a wireless LAN network Access Points have one or more Ethernet ports that can connect ...

Page 126: ...address a crucial feature of QoS Quality of Service function Bootloader Bootloader is the under layering program that will start at the power up before the device loads firmware It is similar to BIOS on a personal computer When a firmware crashed you might be able to recover your device from bootloader Bridge A product that connects 2 different networks that uses the same protocol Wireless bridges...

Page 127: ...with a domain name A router with DDNS capability has a built in DDNS client that updates the IP address information to DDNS service provider whenever there is a change Therefore users can build website or other Internet servers even if they don t have fixed IP connection DHCP Dynamic Hosting Configuration Protocol A protocol that enables a server to dynamically assign IP addresses When DHCP is use...

Page 128: ...ess network has no physical boundary liked wired Ethernet network wireless LAN needs an identifier to distinguish one network from the other Wireless clients must know the SSID in order to associate with a WLAN network Hide SSID feature disable SSID broadcast so users must know the correct SSID in order to join a wireless network Firewall A system that secures a network and prevents access by unau...

Page 129: ...vice provider typically need an authentication and account system for billing purposes and a wireless AP network to provide access for customers IGMP Snooping Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP is a Layer 3 protocol to report IP multicast memberships to neighboring multicast switches and routers IGMP snooping is a feature that allows an Ethernet switch to listen in on the IGMP conversation be...

Page 130: ...e transmission speed It is also known as port trunking Both device must set the trunking feature to work MAC Media Access Control MAC address provides layer 2 identification for Networking Devices Each Ethernet device has its own unique address The first 6 digits are unique for each manufacturer When a network device have MAC access control feature only the devices with the approved MAC address ca...

Page 131: ...EP encryption keys for the company products POE Power over Ethernet A standard to deliver both power and data through one single Ethernet cable UTP STP It allows network device to be installed far away from power ource A POE system typically compose of 2 main component DC Injector Base Unit and Splitter Terminal Unit The DC injector combines the power and data and the splitter separates the data a...

Page 132: ...the long preamble type for better compatibility Use the short preamble type for better performance Rate Control Ethernet switches function to control the upstream and downstream speed of an individual port Rate Control management uses Flow Control to limit the speed of a port Therefore the Ethernet adapter must also have the flow control enabled One way to force the adapter s flow control on is to...

Page 133: ...evice In general remote APs with stronger signal will display higher SIGNAL STRENGTH values For SIGNAL STRENGTH value the smaller the absolute value is the stronger the signal For example 50db has stronger signal than 80dB For outdoor connection signal stronger than 60dB is considered as a good connection RTS Request To Send A packet sent when a computer has data to transmit The computer will wait...

Page 134: ...ated secret key back to the server in order to have a secret key exchange for that session SSL VPN is also known as Web VPN The HTTPS and SSH management interface use SSL for data encryption Subnet Mask An address code mask that determines the size of the network An IP subnet are determined by performing a BIT wise AND operation between the IP address and the subnet mask By changing the subnet mas...

Page 135: ...Resource Locator The address of a file located on the Internet VPN Virtual Private Network A type of technology designed to increase the security of information transferred over the Internet VPN creates a private encrypted tunnel from the end user s computer through the local wireless network through the Internet all the way to the corporate network WAN Wide Area Network A communication system of ...

Page 136: ...iple polling technologies 802 16e adds mobility features narrower bandwidth a max of 5 mhz slower speed and smaller antennas Mobility is allowed up to 40 mph WDS Wireless Distribution System WDS defines how multiple wireless Access Point or Wireless Router can connect together to form one single wireless network without using wired uplinks WDS associate each other by MAC address each device WLAN W...

Page 137: ...zing a password key TKIP or certificate It is more secure than WEP encryption The WPA PSK utilizes pre share key for encryption authentication WPA2 Wi Fi Protected Access 2 WPA2 is also known as 802 11i It improves on the WPA security with CCMP and AES encryption The WPA2 is backward compatible with WPA WPA2 PSK utilizes pre share key for encryption authentication ...

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