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Agilent Technologies 33120A, User Manual

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Agilent Technologies 33120A User Manual Download Page 307

F

factory setting
    baud rate (RS-232),  116, 219
  calibration 

security code, 118

    data bits (RS-232),  116, 220
  GPIB address, 114, 217
   parity (RS-232), 116, 220
firmware revision,  113, 190
floating-point data,  178

FM

 annunciator,  5

FM modulation
   carrier frequency, 78
  carrier waveshape, 77
   modulating frequency, 79, 159
    modulating waveshape,  79, 159
   operational overview, 157
    peak frequency deviation,  80, 158
   sync signal, 79
  technical description, 288

FM:DEV

 command,  158

FM:INT:FREQ

 command,  159

FM:INT:FUNC

 command,  159

FM:STAT

 command,  159

FORM:BORD

 command,  185

FREQ

 command,  146

FREQ:STAR

 command,  171

FREQ:STOP

 command,  171

frequency deviation (FM),  80, 158
frequency sweep
   

See sweep

frequency
    arb waveform limits,  57, 146
    conflict with duty cycle,  58, 147
    conflict with function,  58, 146
  front-panel selection, 19
   limits, 57, 146
  modulation, 76, 157
   remote interface selection, 57, 146
frequency-shift keying
   

See FSK

front panel
   annunciators, 5
    dc volts selection, 24
    downloading waveforms,  103 - 108
    menu examples,  33 - 39
  menu messages, 34
    menu reference,  31 - 32
   number entry, 3, 38
   overview, 2
front-panel display
   annunciators, 5
  enable/disable, 112, 188
  text message, 112, 188

FSK

 annunciator,  5

FSK

 terminal,  102

FSK
   carrier frequency, 91
   front-panel operation, 44
  “hop” frequency, 92, 168
    internal rate,  93, 168
   maximum external rate, 93
   operational overview, 167
   source, 93, 169
   sync signal, 91
  technical description, 290

FSK:FREQ

 command,  168

FSK:INT:RATE

 command,  168

FSK:SOUR

 command,  169

FSK:STAT

 command,  169

FUNC:SHAP

 command,  145

FUNC:SHAP USER

 command,  177

FUNC:USER

 command,  176

function
    conflict with amplitude,  55
    conflict with frequency,  55
  front-panel selection, 56
  modulation matrix, 56, 145
   remote interface selection, 145
fuse, power line,  16

G

gate source
   burst modulation, 164
   gated burst mode, 81, 160
GPIB
    arb waveform download,  255
   capability codes, 225
  download speeds, 299
   selecting interface, 115, 218
GPIB address
   factory setting, 114, 217
  selecting, 114, 217
GPIB Command Library,  244
ground loops,  282
ground, chassis,  6
Group Execute Trigger,  101, 186

H

handle
   adjustment, 18
  changing positions, 18
   removing, 27
handshake (RS-232),  198
haversine, example,  248
heartbeat waveform,  175
hop frequency (FSK),  92, 168
HP-IB address

    See GPIB address

I

identification string,  113, 190
IEEE-488
   common commands, 214, 225
   conformance information, 225
   selecting interface, 115, 218
IEEE-488 address
   factory setting, 114, 217
  selecting, 114, 217
inherent offset,  63, 177
interface address
   factory setting, 114, 217
  selecting, 114, 217
IntuiLink software,  1

Ind

e

x

Index

305

Summary of Contents for 33120A

Page 1: ...er as 33120 90104 manual set Edition 6 March 2002 Copyright Agilent Technologies Inc 1994 2002 For Safety information Warranties and Regulatory information see the pages following the Index Agilent 33120A 15 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator ...

Page 2: ......

Page 3: ...waveform capability Easy to use knob input Highly visible vacuum fluorescent display Instrument state storage Portable ruggedized case with non skid feet Flexible system features Four downloadable 16 000 point arbitrary waveform memories GPIB IEEE 488 interface and RS 232 interface are standard SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments compatibility Agilent IntuiLink Arb Waveform Generat...

Page 4: ...ce 1 Function Modulation keys 2 Menu operation keys 3 Waveform modify keys 4 Single Internal Trigger key Burst and Sweep only 5 Recall Store instrument state key 6 Enter Number key 7 Shift Local key 8 Enter Number units keys 2 ...

Page 5: ...de to enter a number with the appropriate units Use the knob and the arrow keys to modify the displayed number Increments the flashing digit Decrements the flashing digit Moves the flashing digit to the right Moves the flashing digit to the left Use Enter for those operations that do not require units to be specified AM Level Offset Duty and Store Recall State 3 ...

Page 6: ... 3 LINE EDIT Õ 4 POINT EDIT Õ 5 INVERT Õ 6 SAVE AS Õ7 DELETE The commands enclosed in square brackets are hidden until you make a selection from the NEW ARB command to initiate a new edit session D SYStem MENU 1 OUT TERM Õ 2 POWER ON Õ 3 ERROR Õ 4 TEST Õ 5 COMMA Õ 6 REVISION F CALibration MENU 1 SECURED or 1 UNSECURED Õ 2 CALIBRATE Õ 3 CAL COUNT Õ 4 MESSAGE The commands enclosed in square brackets...

Page 7: ...SK Burst FSK frequency shift keying modulation is enabled Burst modulation is enabled Sweep mode is enabled Hardware or remote interface command errors are detected The waveform is being output with an offset voltage Shift key has been pressed Press Shift again to turn off Enter Number mode is enabled Press Shift Cancel to disable Arbitrary waveform function is enabled Sine waveform function is en...

Page 8: ...ion input terminal 5 External Trigger FSK Burst modulation input terminal 6 GPIB IEEE 488 interface connector 7 RS 232 interface connector Use the front panel Input Output Menu to Select the GPIB or RS 232 interface see chapter 4 Set the GPIB bus address see chapter 4 Set the RS 232 baud rate and parity see chapter 4 6 ...

Page 9: ...hat may appear as you are working with the function generator Each listing contains enough information to help you diagnose and solve the problem Application Programs Chapter 6 contains several remote interface application programs to help you develop programs for your application Tutorial Chapter 7 discusses the fundamentals of signal generation and modulation techniques Specifications Chapter 8 ...

Page 10: ...8 ...

Page 11: ...on Front panel menu reference 31 A front panel menu tutorial 33 To select the output termination 40 To output a modulated waveform 41 To output an FSK waveform 44 To output a burst waveform 47 To output a frequency sweep 49 To trigger a burst or sweep 51 To turn off the comma separator 52 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Output Configuration 55 Amplitude Modulation AM 71 Frequency Modulation FM 76...

Page 12: ... Related Commands 188 Calibration Commands 193 RS 232 Interface Configuration 195 RS 232 Interface Commands 200 The SCPI Status Registers 201 Status Reporting Commands 209 An Introduction to the SCPI Language 211 Halting an Output in Progress 216 To set the GPIB address 217 To select the remote interface 218 To set the baud rate 219 To set the parity 220 SCPI Conformance Information 221 IEEE 488 C...

Page 13: ...Direct Digital Synthesis 273 Signal Imperfections 276 Creating Arbitrary Waveforms 278 Output Amplitude Control 280 Floating Signal Generators 282 Attributes of AC Signals 283 Modulation 287 Chapter 8 Specifications Frequency Characteristics 298 Sinewave Spectral Purity 298 Signal Characteristics 298 Output Characteristics 298 Modulation Characteristics 299 Frequency Sweep 299 System Characteristi...

Page 14: ...Contents Contents 12 ...

Page 15: ...1 Quick Start 1 ...

Page 16: ... Shift annun ciator will turn on Then press the key that has the desired label above it For example to select the AM amplitude modulation function press Shift AM the shifted version of the key If you accidentally press Shift just press it again to turn off the Shift annunciator Most keys also have a number printed in green next to the key To enable the number mode press Enter Number the Num annunc...

Page 17: ...yed Notice that the function generator powers up in the sine wave function at 1 kHz with an amplitude of 100 mV peak to peak into a 50W termination To review the power on display with all annunciators turned on hold down Shift as you turn on the function generator 3 Perform a complete self test The complete self test performs a more extensive series of tests than those performed at power on Hold d...

Page 18: ...ed the function generator into is energized 2 Verify the power line voltage setting The line voltage is set to the proper value for your country when the function generator is shipped from the factory Change the voltage setting if it is not correct The settings are 100 120 220 or 240 Vac for 230 Vac operation use the 220 Vac setting See the next page if you need to change the line voltage setting ...

Page 19: ...ltage selector until the correct voltage appears in the window 4 Replace the fuse holder assembly in the rear panel Verify that the correct line voltage is selected and the power line fuse is good Fuse 500 mAT for all line voltages Part Number 2110 0458 100 120 220 230 or 240 Vac 1 Chapter 1 Quick Start If the function generator does not turn on 17 ...

Page 20: ...handle To adjust the position grasp the handle by the sides and pull outward Then rotate the handle to the desired position Bench top viewing positions Carrying position Chapter 1 Quick Start To adjust the carrying handle 18 ...

Page 21: ... 1 Notice that the Num annunciator turns on and ENTER NUM flashes on the display indicating that the number mode is enabled 1 2 To cancel the number mode press Shift Cancel 3 Set the units to the desired value The units are selected using the arrow keys on the right side of the front panel As soon as you select the units the function generator outputs the waveform with the displayed frequency To t...

Page 22: ...ice that the Num annunciator turns on and ENTER NUM flashes on the display indicating that the number mode is enabled 50 To cancel the number mode press Shift Cancel 3 Set the units to the desired value The units are selected using the arrow keys on the right side of the front panel As soon as you select the units the function generator outputs the waveform with the displayed amplitude To turn off...

Page 23: ...ndicating that the number mode is enabled Notice that toggles the displayed value between and 1 5 To cancel the number mode press Shift Cancel 3 Set the units to the desired value At this point the function generator outputs the waveform with the displayed offset Notice that the Offset annunciator turns on indicating that the waveform is being output with an offset The annunciator will turn on whe...

Page 24: ... mode The displayed duty cycle is either the power on value or the previous value selected 50 DUTY This message appears on the display for approximately 10 seconds Repeat this step as needed 3 Enter the desired duty cycle 1 Notice that the Num annunciator turns on and ENTER NUM flashes on the display indicating that the number mode is enabled 45 To cancel the number mode press Shift Cancel 4 Outpu...

Page 25: ... SINC This message appears on the display for approximately 10 seconds Repeat this step as needed 2 Move across to the EXP_RISE choice 1 EXP_RISE 3 Select and output the displayed arbitrary waveform Notice that the Arb annunciator turns on indicating that the output is an arbitrary waveform The waveform is output using the present settings for frequency amplitude and offset unless you change them ...

Page 26: ...esired voltage 1 Notice that the Num annunciator turns on and ENTER NUM flashes on the display indicating that the number mode is enabled 155 To cancel the number mode press Shift Cancel 3 Set the units to the desired value At this point the function generator outputs the displayed dc voltage Notice that the Offset annunciator turns on all other annunciators are off indicating that a dc voltage is...

Page 27: ...strument configurations The instrument configuration is stored in non volatile memory and is remembered when power has been off STORE 1 This message appears on the display for approximately 10 seconds Repeat this step as needed 3 Store the instrument state in memory location 2 1 Use the up and down arrow keys to select the memory location STORE 2 To cancel the store operation press Shift Store aga...

Page 28: ...s Repeat this step as needed 6 Restore the instrument state The function generator should now be configured in the same state as when you stored the setup on the previous page When power is turned off the function generator automatically stores its state in memory location 0 You can recall the power down state but you cannot store the state to location 0 from the front panel Use the POWER ON LAST ...

Page 29: ... System II instrument of the same size can be rack mounted beside the 33120A Function Generator Remove the carrying handle and the front and rear rubber bumpers before rack mounting the function generator To remove the handle rotate it to the vertical position and pull the ends outward Front Rear bottom view To remove the rubber bumper stretch a corner and then slide it off 1 Chapter 1 Quick Start...

Page 30: ...side by side order lock link kit 5061 9694 and flange kit 5063 9212 To install one or two instruments in a sliding support shelf order shelf 5063 9255 and slide kit 1494 0015 for a single instrument also order filler panel 5002 3999 Chapter 1 Quick Start To rack mount the function generator 28 ...

Page 31: ...2 Front Panel Menu Operation 2 ...

Page 32: ...e front panel menu This chapter does not give a detailed description of every front panel key or menu operation It does however give you a good overview of the front panel menu and many front panel operations See chapter 3 Features and Functions starting on page 53 for a complete discussion of the function generator s capabilities and operation If you purchased the Phase Lock Option for the 33120A...

Page 33: ...sweeping Sets the repetition rate in seconds for sweeping Selects linear or logarithmic sweeping 1 NEW ARB 2 POINTS 3 LINE EDIT 4 POINT EDIT 5 INVERT 6 SAVE AS 7 DELETE Initiates a new arb waveform or loads the selected arb waveform Sets the number of points in a new arb waveform 8 to 16 000 points Performs a linear interpolation between two points in the arb waveform Edits the individual points o...

Page 34: ...e SCPI 1 SECURED 1 UNSECURED 2 CALIBRATE 3 CAL COUNT 4 MESSAGE The function generator is secured against calibration enter code to unsecure The function generator is unsecured for calibration enter code to secure Performs individual calibrations must be UNSECURED Reads the total number of times the function generator has been calibrated Reads the calibration string up to 11 characters entered from...

Page 35: ... to get from one level to the next Each of the three levels has several horizontal choices which you can view by moving left or right To turn on the menu press Shift Menu On Off To turn off the menu press Shift Menu On Off To execute a menu command press Enter To recall the last menu command that was executed press Shift Recall Menu To turn off the menu at any time without saving changes press Shi...

Page 36: ...ETER level is saved This is displayed after you press Menu Enter to execute the command MIN VALUE The value you specified on the PARAMETER level is too small for the selected command The minimum value allowed is displayed for you to edit MAX VALUE The value you specified on the PARAMETER level is too large for the selected command The maximum value allowed is displayed for you to edit EXITING You ...

Page 37: ...vel 1 There are six menu group choices available on the MENUS level Each choice has a letter prefix for easy identification A B etc D SYS MENU 3 Move down to the COMMANDS level within the SYS MENU The OUT TERM command is your first choice on this level 1 OUT TERM 4 Move across to the POWER ON command on this level 1 There are six command choices available in the SYS MENU Each choice on this level ...

Page 38: ...off the menu The function generator beeps and displays a message to show that the change is now in effect You are then exited from the menu ENTERED 8 Cycle the power to restore the default values Turn the function generator OFF and then ON The default output state will now be in effect 1 kHz sine wave 100 mV peak to peak 50W termination Enter 1 You can also use the knob to scroll left or right thr...

Page 39: ... POWER ON 2 Move down to the PARAMETER choices The first parameter choice is LAST STATE the current setting from Example 1 LAST STATE 3 Move across to the DEFAULT choice 1 Set the parameter back to its original value DEFAULT 4 Save the change and turn off the menu The function generator beeps and displays a message to show that the change is now in effect You are then exited from the menu ENTERED ...

Page 40: ...el The MOD MENU is your first choice on this level A MOD MENU 2 Move down to the COMMANDS level within the MOD MENU The AM SHAPE command is your first choice on this level 1 AM SHAPE 3 Move across to the BURST CNT command on this level 1 There are ten command choices available in the MOD MENU 4 BURST CNT Menu On Off Shift 1 You can also use the knob to scroll left or right through the choices on e...

Page 41: ... level 5 Move the flashing cursor over to edit the last digit Notice that the rightmost digit is flashing the digit wraps around 00001 CYC 6 Increment the last digit until 4 is displayed 1 You decrement or increment each digit independently 00004 CYC 7 Save the change and turn off the menu The function generator beeps and displays a message to show that the change is now in effect You are then exi...

Page 42: ...is level 1 D SYS MENU 3 Move down a level to the OUT TERM command 1 OUT TERM 4 Move down a level and then across to the HIGH Z choice 1 With the output termination set to HIGH Z the function generator allows you to set the unloaded open circuit output voltage HIGH Z 5 Save the change and turn off the menu The function generator beeps and displays a message to show that the change is now in effect ...

Page 43: ... wave 1 Select the function frequency and amplitude of the carrier For the carrier waveform you can select a sine square triangle ramp or arbitrary waveform For this example select a 5 kHz sine wave with an amplitude of 5 Vpp 2 Select AM Notice that the AM annunciator turns on 3 Use the menu to select the shape of the modulating waveform After you enable the AM function the recall menu key will au...

Page 44: ... is now a sine waveform ENTERED 6 Set the modulating frequency to 200 Hz Notice that the AM annunciator flashes indicating that the displayed frequency is the modulating frequency for AM Also notice that the modulating frequency is displayed with fewer digits than the carrier frequency For more information on editing numbers in the menu refer to Menu Example 3 earlier in this chapter MOD 200 0 Hz ...

Page 45: ...depth also called percent modulation 080 DEPTH This message appears on the display for approximately 10 seconds Repeat this step as needed At this point the function generator outputs the AM waveform with the specified modulation parameters Level Shift 2 Chapter 2 Front Panel Menu Operation To output a modulated waveform 43 ...

Page 46: ...ier frequency to 3 kHz and the hop frequency to 500 Hz with an FSK rate of 100 Hz 1 Select the function frequency and amplitude of the carrier For the carrier waveform you can select a sine square triangle ramp or arbitrary waveform For this example select a 3 kHz sine wave with an amplitude of 5 Vpp 2 Enable FSK Notice that the FSK annunciator turns on 3 Use the menu to set the hop frequency Afte...

Page 47: ...hapter 500 0 Hz 5 Save the change and turn off the menu At this point the carrier and hop frequencies are set and output Now we will go back into the menu to set the FSK shift rate this is the rate at which the function generator shifts between the carrier frequency and hop frequency 6 Use the menu to set the FSK shift rate The recall menu key returns you to the FSK FREQ command which was the last...

Page 48: ...is chapter 100 0 Hz 9 Save the change and turn off the menu The function generator beeps and displays a message to show that the change is now in effect You are then exited from the menu ENTERED At this point the function generator outputs the FSK waveform You can also use an external signal to shift between the carrier frequency and hop frequency For more information see Frequency Shift Keying FS...

Page 49: ... burst source 0 degree starting phase and 100 Hz burst rate 1 Select the function frequency and amplitude for the burst For bursts you can select sine square triangle ramp or arbitrary waveforms For this example select a 1 kHz sine wave with an output amplitude of 5 Vpp 2 Enable the burst mode Notice that the Burst annunciator turns on 3 Use the menu to set the burst count After you enable the bur...

Page 50: ... the menu The function generator beeps and displays a message to show that the change is now in effect You are then exited from the menu ENTERED At this point the function generator outputs a continuous three cycle burst You can generate a single burst with the specified burst count by pressing the Single key from the front panel or applying a trigger pulse to the rear panel Ext Trig terminal For ...

Page 51: ...ngs internal sweep trigger linear spacing and 1 second sweep time 1 Select the function and amplitude for the sweep For sweeps you can select sine square triangle ramp or arbitrary waveforms For this example select a sine wave with a 5 Vpp amplitude 2 Enable the sweep mode Notice that the Swp annunciator turns on 3 Use the menu to select the start frequency After you enable the sweep mode the reca...

Page 52: ... you to the START F command which was the last command used before you exited the menu 1 START F 7 Move across to the STOP F command 2 STOP F 8 Move down a level and set the stop frequency to 5 kHz 5 000 KHz 9 Save the change and turn off the menu At this point the function generator outputs a continuous sweep from 50 Hz to 5 kHz You can generate one frequency sweep by pressing the Single key or a...

Page 53: ...enerator Pressing Single to enable the single trigger mode also enables the external trigger mode External triggering is like the single trigger mode except that you apply a trigger signal to the rear panel Ext Trig terminal The function generator is triggered on the rising edge of a TTL pulse The Single key is disabled when in remote the Rmt annunciator turns on when in remote and when a function...

Page 54: ...vel D SYS MENU 3 Move down a level and then across to the COMMA command 5 COMMA 4 Move down a level and then across to the OFF choice OFF 5 Save the change and turn off the menu The comma separator setting is stored in non volatile memory and does not change when power has been off or after a remote interface reset Enter Menu On Off Shift 15 000000 MHz With comma separator Without comma separator ...

Page 55: ...3 Features and Functions 3 ...

Page 56: ...lated Operations starting on page 109 Remote Interface Configuration starting on page 114 Calibration Overview starting on page 118 Power On and Reset State on page 123 Some knowledge of the front panel menu will be helpful before you read this chapter If you have not already read chapter 2 Front Panel Menu Operation starting on page 29 you may want to read it now Chapter 4 Remote Interface Refere...

Page 57: ...tive function For example if you output a 1 MHz sine wave and then change the function to triangle wave the function generator will adjust the output to 100 kHz the upper limit for triangle waves From the front panel FREQ LIMIT is displayed and the frequency is adjusted From the remote interface a 221 Settings conflict error is generated and the frequency is adjusted Possible Conflict with Output ...

Page 58: ...ough the waveform choices and make a selection press Arb List To select dc volts from the front panel press Offset and hold it down for more than 2 seconds Remote Interface Operation FUNCtion SHAPe SINusoid SQUare TRIangle RAMP NOISe USER DC You can also use the APPLy command to select the function frequency amplitude and offset with a single command AM Carrier AM Modulating Wave FM Carrier FM Mod...

Page 59: ... The five built in arbitrary waveforms can be output at a maximum of 5 MHz Function Sine Square Triangle Ramp Built In Arbs 1 Minimum Frequency 100 mHz 100 mHz 100 mHz 100 mHz 100 mHz Maximum Frequency 15 MHz 15 MHz 100 kHz 100 kHz 5 MHz 1 There are five built in arbitrary waveforms stored in non volatile memory sinc negative ramp exponential rise exponential fall and cardiac Number of Arb Points ...

Page 60: ... between 40 and 60 below 5 MHz the range is 20 to 80 The duty cycle is automatically adjusted if you select a frequency that is not valid with the present duty cycle For example if you set the duty cycle to 70 and then change the frequency to 8 MHz the function generator will automatically adjust the duty cycle to 60 the upper limit for this frequency From the front panel DUTY LIMIT is displayed a...

Page 61: ... if you output a 5 Vrms square wave into 50 ohms and then change the function to sine wave the function generator will adjust the output amplitude to 3 535 Vrms the upper limit for sine waves in Vrms From the front panel AMPL LIMIT is displayed and the amplitude is adjusted From the remote interface a 221 Settings conflict error is generated and the amplitude is adjusted Function Sine Square Trian...

Page 62: ...ation Vpp is the output amplitude in volts peak to peak From the front panel MAX VALUE is displayed and the amplitude is adjusted From the remote interface a 221 Settings conflict error is generated and the amplitude is adjusted A momentary glitch occurs in the output waveform at certain voltages due to output attenuator switching This positive going glitch occurs when the output voltage crosses t...

Page 63: ...ffset Voltage on page 62 for more information To select dc volts from the front panel press Offset and hold it down for more than 2 seconds Front Panel Operation To set the output amplitude press Ampl Then use the knob arrow keys or Enter Number mode to set the amplitude Remote Interface Operation VOLTage amplitude MINimum MAXimum You can also use the APPLy command to select the function frequency...

Page 64: ...sted DC Offset and Output Termination The offset voltage is automatically adjusted and no error is generated if you change the output termination For example if you set the offset to 100 mVdc and then change the termination from 50 ohms to high impedance the displayed offset will double to 200 mVdc If you change from high impedance to 50 ohms the displayed offset will drop in half See Output Termi...

Page 65: ...age is not within two DAC Digital to Analog Converter counts of zero volts the Offset annunciator turns on Front Panel Operation To set the dc offset press Offset Then use the knob arrow keys or Enter Number mode to set the offset Remote Interface Operation VOLTage OFFSet offset MINimum MAXimum You can also use the APPLy command to select the function frequency amplitude and offset with a single c...

Page 66: ... output units are remembered For example if you select Vrms from the remote interface the units are shown as Vrms on the front panel display Front Panel Operation Use the Enter Number units keys the arrow keys located on the right side of the front panel to select the output units You can also convert from one unit to another from the front panel For example to convert 2 Vpp to its equivalent valu...

Page 67: ...de or dc offset is automatically adjusted and no error is generated if you change the output termination For example if you set the amplitude to 10 Vpp and then change the termination from 50 ohms to high impedance the displayed amplitude will double to 20 Vpp If you change from high impedance to 50 ohms the displayed amplitude will drop in half If you specify a 50 ohm termination but are actually...

Page 68: ...matically sets the duty cycle to 50 for square waves Before attempting to set the duty cycle you must enable the square wave function From the front panel SQUARE ONLY is displayed if square wave is not currently active From the remote interface no error is generated but the specified duty cycle is remembered when you change to the square wave function The duty cycle setting is remembered when you ...

Page 69: ...nt panel DUTY LIMIT is displayed and the duty cycle is adjusted From the remote interface a 221 Settings conflict error is generated and the duty cycle is adjusted Front Panel Operation To set the duty cycle press Shift Duty the value appears on the display for approximately 10 seconds Then use the knob arrow keys or Enter Number mode to set the duty cycle Remote Interface Operation PULSe DCYCle p...

Page 70: ...nloaded point in the waveform For AM and FM the sync signal is referenced to the modulating signal not the carrier A momentary TTL high pulse 200 ns is output at each zero crossing point of the modulating signal For the triggered burst mode a TTL low signal is output while the specified number of cycles is output for the duration of the burst After the specified number of cycles has been output th...

Page 71: ...ge location For example an error is generated if you attempt to recall from memory location 2 but have never stored to that location From the front panel NOT STORED is displayed if nothing is stored in the specified memory location From the remote interface a 810 State has not been stored error is generated if nothing is stored in the specified memory location Any arbitrary waveforms downloaded to...

Page 72: ... cannot store to this memory location from the front panel However keep in mind that memory location 0 is automatically overwritten when the power is turned off Front Panel Operation To store the state press Shift Store Then use the knob arrow keys or Enter Number mode to select the memory location To restore the state press Recall Then use the knob arrow keys or Enter Number mode to select the me...

Page 73: ...ulation The AM annunciator turns on when AM is enabled Only one modulation mode can be enabled at a time When you enable AM the previous modulation mode is turned off Front Panel Operation Enable AM before setting up the other modulation parameters Press Shift AM to output an AM waveform using the present settings for the carrier frequency modulating frequency output amplitude and offset voltage R...

Page 74: ... command Carrier Frequency Carrier frequency 100 mHz to 15 MHz 100 kHz for triangle and ramp The default is 1 kHz For arbitrary waveforms the maximum carrier frequency depends on the number of points specified in the waveform The five built in arbitrary waveforms can be output at a maximum of 5 MHz Front Panel Operation Press the Freq key to select any valid frequency for the selected function the...

Page 75: ...default is Sine You can use the noise function as the modulating waveform However you cannot use the noise function or dc volts as the carrier waveform Front Panel Operation After enabling AM press Recall Menu to go directly to the AM SHAPE command in the menu 1 AM SHAPE MOD MENU Remote Interface Operation AM INTernal FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare TRIangle RAMP NOISe USER 3 Chapter 3 Features and Funct...

Page 76: ...tempt to set the frequency when AM is not enabled SELECT AM FM is displayed Remote Interface Operation AM INTernal FREQuency frequency MINimum MAXimum Modulation Depth The modulation depth is expressed as a percentage and represents the extent of the amplitude variation At 0 modulation the output amplitude is half of the selected value At 100 modulation the output amplitude equals the selected val...

Page 77: ...lated with two waveforms When the internal source is disabled external only the carrier waveform is modulated with the external waveform The Ext annunciator turns on to indicate that the function generator is expecting a modulating signal on the rear panel AM Modulation terminal You apply the external modulating waveform to the AM Modulation terminal The modulation depth is controlled by the signa...

Page 78: ...odulation The FM annunciator turns on when FM is enabled Only one modulation mode can be enabled at a time When you enable FM the previous modulation mode is turned off Front Panel Operation Enable FM before setting up the other modulation parameters Press Shift FM to output an FM waveform using the present settings for the carrier frequency modulating frequency output amplitude and offset voltage...

Page 79: ...tion Press any of the front panel function keys except Noise For arbitrary waveforms the Arb key selects the waveform that is currently downloaded Remote Interface Operation FUNCtion SHAPe SINusoid SQUare TRIangle RAMP USER You can also use the APPLy command to select the function frequency amplitude and offset with a single command 3 Chapter 3 Features and Functions Frequency Modulation FM 77 ...

Page 80: ...y and peak frequency deviation must be less than or equal to the maximum frequency for the selected function plus 100 kHz 15 1 MHz for sine and square 200 kHz for triangle and ramp and 5 1 MHz for arbitrary waveforms If you attempt to set the carrier frequency to a value that is not valid the function generator will automatically adjust the carrier frequency to equal the present deviation From the...

Page 81: ...function generator will accept only an internal modulating signal Modulating frequency internal source 10 mHz to 10 kHz The default is 10 Hz The sync signal for FM is referenced to the modulating signal not the carrier A momentary TTL high pulse 200 ns is output at each zero crossing point of the modulating signal The signal is output from the front panel SYNC terminal Front Panel Operation Press ...

Page 82: ...than or equal to the maximum frequency for the selected function plus 100 kHz 15 1 MHz for sine and square 200 kHz for triangle and ramp and 5 1 MHz for arbitrary waveforms If you attempt to set the deviation to a value that is not valid the function generator will automatically adjust the deviation to the maximum value allowed with the present carrier frequency From the front panel MAX VALUE is d...

Page 83: ... of cycles has been output the function generator waits for the next trigger You can configure the function generator to accept an internal trigger or you can send the trigger externally by pressing the front panel Single key or by applying a trigger signal to the rear panel Ext Trig terminal At power on the internally triggered burst mode is enabled External Gated Burst Mode In this mode the outp...

Page 84: ...nables the external trigger mode External triggering is like the front panel single trigger mode except that you apply a trigger signal to the rear panel Ext Trig terminal The function generator is triggered on the rising edge of a TTL pulse The Trig annunciator turns on when the function generator is waiting for a single or external trigger When the single or external trigger source is selected t...

Page 85: ...abled or disabled based on the logic level of the gate signal applied to the Ext Trig terminal When the gate signal is true TTL high the function generator outputs a continuous waveform When the gate signal is false TTL low the output is turned off zero volts or the dc offset level When the external gate source is selected the burst count burst rate burst phase and burst trigger source are ignored...

Page 86: ...requency The carrier frequency defines the repetition rate of the burst waveform in the triggered and external gated modes In the triggered mode the number of cycles specified by the burst count are output at the frequency of the carrier signal In the external gated mode the carrier frequency is output when the external gate signal is true TTL high Keep in mind that the carrier frequency is differ...

Page 87: ... valid the function generator will automatically adjust the frequency to the maximum value allowed with the present burst count From the front panel MAX VALUE is displayed and the carrier frequency is adjusted From the remote interface a 221 Settings conflict error is generated and the carrier frequency is adjusted Number of Arb Points 8 to 8 192 8k 8 193 to 12 287 12k 12 288 to 16 000 Minimum Fre...

Page 88: ... output for the duration of the burst After the specified number of cycles has been output the sync signal goes high until the next burst The sync signal is output from the front panel SYNC terminal For the external gated burst mode the sync signal is a TTL high when the output is positive relative to zero volts or the dc offset value The signal is a TTL low when the output is negative relative to...

Page 89: ...urce is selected the specified number of cycles is output continuously at a rate determined by the burst rate setting The burst rate frequency defines the interval between bursts When the single or external trigger source is selected the burst count and burst phase remain in effect but the burst rate is ignored The specified number of cycles is output each time Single is pressed or when a trigger ...

Page 90: ...unt and burst phase remain in effect but the burst rate is ignored When the external gate burst source is selected gated burst mode the burst count burst rate burst phase and burst trigger source are ignored these parameters are used for the triggered burst mode only It is possible to specify a burst rate which is too fast for the function generator to output with the specified carrier frequency a...

Page 91: ...c offset value in a positive going direction For arbitrary waveforms 0 degrees is the first data point downloaded to memory When the external gate source is selected gated burst mode the burst count burst rate burst phase and burst trigger source are ignored these parameters are used for the triggered burst mode only Front Panel Operation 6 BURST PHAS MOD MENU Remote Interface Operation BM PHASe d...

Page 92: ...re information on the fundamentals of FSK Modulation refer to chapter 7 Tutorial To Select FSK Modulation The FSK annunciator turns on when FSK is enabled Only one modulation mode can be enabled at a time When you enable FSK the previous modulation mode is turned off Front Panel Operation Enable FSK before you set up the other modulation parameters Press Shift FSK to output the waveform using the ...

Page 93: ...SK the sync signal is referenced to the FSK hop signal not the carrier A momentary TTL high pulse 200 ns is output on the transition to the hop frequency The signal is output from the front panel SYNC terminal Front Panel Operation Press the Freq key and select any valid frequency for the selected function the present amplitude and offset voltage are used Remote Interface Operation FREQuency frequ...

Page 94: ...l The hop frequency is output when a high TTL level is applied For FSK the sync signal is referenced to the FSK hop signal not the carrier A momentary TTL high pulse 200 ns is output on the transition to the hop frequency The signal is output from the front panel SYNC terminal Front Panel Operation After enabling FSK press Recall Menu to go directly to the FSK FREQ command in the menu 8 FSK FREQ M...

Page 95: ...lected the rate at which the output frequency shifts between the carrier frequency and hop frequency is determined by the FSK rate specified When the external source is selected the output frequency is determined by the signal level on the rear panel FSK terminal When a low TTL level is present the carrier frequency is output When a high TTL level is present the hop frequency is output The maximum...

Page 96: ...For more information on the fundamentals of frequency sweeps refer to chapter 7 Tutorial To Select Sweep Modulation The Swp annunciator turns on when the sweep mode is enabled Only one modulation mode can be enabled at a time When you enable the sweep mode the previous modulation mode is turned off Front Panel Operation Enable the sweep mode before you set up the other sweep parameters Press Shift...

Page 97: ... five built in arbitrary waveforms can be output at a maximum of 5 MHz To sweep up in frequency set the start frequency stop frequency To sweep down in frequency set the start frequency stop frequency The sync signal is a TTL low at the start of the sweep when the start frequency is output and is a TTL high at the end of the sweep when the stop frequency is output The signal is output from the fro...

Page 98: ...rt frequency to the stop frequency Front Panel Operation 3 SWP TIME SWP MENU Remote Interface Operation SWEep TIME seconds MINimum MAXimum Sweep Mode You can sweep with either linear or logarithmic spacing The output frequency of a linear sweep changes linearly during the duration of the sweep For logarithmic spacing the output frequency changes exponentially during the duration of the sweep Sweep...

Page 99: ... to enable the single trigger mode also enables the external trigger mode External triggering is like the front panel single trigger mode except that you apply a trigger signal to the rear panel Ext Trig terminal The function generator is triggered on the rising edge of a TTL pulse The Trig annunciator turns on when the function generator is waiting for a single or external trigger Front Panel Ope...

Page 100: ... sweep each time you press Single from the front panel Continue pressing this key to re trigger the function generator Pressing Single to enable the single trigger mode also enables the external trigger mode External triggering is like the front panel single trigger mode except that you apply a trigger signal to the rear panel Ext Trig terminal The function generator is triggered on the rising edg...

Page 101: ...he source is set to internal trigger front panel or immediate remote interface when power has been off or after a remote interface reset To select the trigger source from the remote interface use the following command The APPLy command automatically sets the trigger source to IMMediate TRIGger SOURce IMMediate EXTernal BUS Internal Triggering In this trigger mode the function generator continuousl...

Page 102: ...pplied to the Ext Trig terminal The function generator outputs one burst or initiates one sweep each time Ext Trig receives the rising edge of a TTL pulse See also Ext Trig FSK Burst Input Terminal on page 102 Front Panel Operation The external trigger mode is like the single trigger mode except that you apply the trigger to the Ext Trig terminal Pressing Single to enable the single trigger mode a...

Page 103: ...urce send the following command TRIGGER SOURCE BUS To trigger the function generator from the remote interface GPIB or RS 232 send the TRG trigger command You can also trigger the function generator from the GPIB interface by sending the IEEE 488 Group Execute Trigger GET message The following statement shows how to send a GET using BASIC TRIGGER 710 Group Execute Trigger The following statement s...

Page 104: ...h TTL level is present the FSK hop frequency is output The Ext annunciator turns on when selected Triggered Burst Mode Press Single or execute TRIG SOUR EXT from the remote interface to enable the triggered burst mode burst must be enabled When the rising edge of a TTL pulse is received the function generator outputs a burst waveform with the specified number of cycles The Trig annunciator turns o...

Page 105: ...ore an arbitrary waveform from the front panel To download an arbitrary waveform from the remote interface see Arbitrary Waveform Commands starting on page 174 For this example you will create and store a pulse waveform containing 400 points 1 Turn on the menu A MOD MENU 2 Move across to the EDIT MENU choice on this level C EDIT MENU 3 Move down a level to the NEW ARB command There are seven comma...

Page 106: ...tile memory CLEAR MEM 5 Turn on the waveform edit mode The function generator beeps and displays a message to show that the waveform edit mode is now enabled You are then exited from the menu LOADING 6 Use Recall Menu to return to the NEW ARB command 1 NEW ARB 7 Move across to the POINTS command on this level 2 POINTS 8 Move down a level and set the number of points to 400 00400 PNTS Enter Recall ...

Page 107: ...m points use the LINE EDIT command in the EDIT MENU The function generator temporarily rescales the waveform amplitude between 1 and 1 at 1 kHz 11 Move across to the LINE EDIT command on this level 3 LINE EDIT 12 Move down a level and set point 100 to a value of 1 Use the left right arrow keys to move between the point field left and the floating point value right The comma at the right side of th...

Page 108: ...Enter key the start point and stop point are restored 00299 1 0000 15 Save the start and stop points and output the waveform COMPUTING 16 Save the waveform and turn off the menu The function generator beeps and displays a message to show that the waveform is now stored in volatile memory You are then exited from the menu EXITING 17 Use Recall Menu to return to the LINE EDIT command 3 LINE EDIT 18 ...

Page 109: ...llowing names ARB1 ARB2 ARB3 or ARB4 ARB1 NEW 20 Save the waveform and turn off the menu The function generator beeps and displays a message to show that the waveform is being saved You are then exited from the menu SAVING The waveform is now stored in non volatile memory and is output from the function generator The name that you used to store the waveform should appear in the waveform list press...

Page 110: ...However you cannot edit any of the five built in arbitrary waveforms Use the GET option under the NEW ARB command in the EDIT MENU to load an existing user defined waveform Then use the LINE EDIT POINT EDIT and INVERT commands to edit the waveform The INVERT command in the EDIT MENU takes the inverse of each point in the specified waveform by changing the sign You can use the DELETE command in the...

Page 111: ...powers up in its default configuration see page 123 When the recall mode is enabled the function generator powers up in the power down configuration The power down recall setting is stored in non volatile memory and does not change when power has been off or after a remote interface reset The power down recall mode remembers the function including arbitrary waveforms frequency amplitude dc offset ...

Page 112: ... errors are stored until you remove errors from the queue If no errors have occurred when you read the error queue the function generator responds with 0 No error The error queue is cleared when power has been off or after a CLS clear status command has been executed The RST reset command does not clear the error queue Front Panel Operation 3 ERROR SYS MENU If the ERROR annunciator is on press Shi...

Page 113: ... the ERROR annunciator turns on See the Service Guide for instructions on returning the function generator to Agilent for service Front Panel Operation 4 TEST SYS MENU Another way to perform the complete self test from the front panel is as follows Hold down Shift as you press the Power switch to turn on the function generator hold down the key for more than 5 seconds The self test will begin when...

Page 114: ...aracters of the message on the front panel any additional characters are truncated Commas periods and semicolons share a display space with the preceding character and are not considered individual characters When a message is displayed information relating to the output waveform such as frequency and amplitude is not sent to the display Sending a message to the display from the remote interface o...

Page 115: ...has three microprocessors for control of various internal systems You can query the function generator to determine which revision of firmware is installed for each microprocessor The function generator returns three numbers The first number is the firmware revision number for the main generator processor the second is for the input output processor and the third is for the front panel processor F...

Page 116: ...e front panel when you turn on the function generator The address is set to 10 when the function generator is shipped from the factory The GPIB address can be set from the front panel only The address is stored in non volatile memory and does not change when power has been off or after a remote interface reset Your GPIB bus controller has its own address Be sure to avoid using the bus controller s...

Page 117: ...splayed momentarily on the front panel when you turn on the function generator Your GPIB bus controller has its own address Be sure to avoid using the bus controller s address for any instrument on the interface bus If you enable the RS 232 interface you must select the baud rate and parity to be used RS 232 is displayed momentarily on the front panel when you turn on the function generator if you...

Page 118: ...on RS 232 You can select the parity for RS 232 operation The function generator is configured for no parity and 8 data bits when shipped from the factory The parity can be set from the front panel only Select one of the following None 8 data bits Even 7 data bits or Odd 7 data bits When you set the parity you are indirectly setting the number of data bits The parity selection is stored in non vola...

Page 119: ...peration 5 LANGUAGE I O MENU SCPI Language Version Query You can determine the SCPI version with which the function generator is in compliance by sending a query from the remote interface The SCPI version can be queried from the remote interface only Remote Interface Operation SYSTem VERSion Returns a string in the form YYYY V where the Y s represent the year of the version and the V represents a ...

Page 120: ...terface reset To secure the function generator from the remote interface the security code may contain up to 12 alphanumeric characters as shown below The first character must be a letter but the remaining characters can be letters or numbers You do not have to use all 12 characters but the first character must always be a letter A _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 characters To secure the function generat...

Page 121: ...nd is hidden when the function generator is secured To unsecure the function generator go to the PARAMETER level of the SECURED command enter the security code and then press Enter When you go to the COMMANDS level in the CAL MENU again you will notice that the function generator is unsecured Notice also that the CALIBRATE command is no longer hidden and you can perform a calibration Remote Interf...

Page 122: ...e above command when you go into the CAL MENU To secure the function generator go to the PARAMETER level of the UNSECURED command enter the security code and then press Enter When you go to the COMMANDS level in the CAL MENU again you will notice that the function generator is secured Notice also that the CALIBRATE command is now hidden and you cannot perform a calibration Remote Interface Operati...

Page 123: ...Then enter the new code For example CAL SEC STAT OFF HP033120 Unsecure with old code CAL SEC CODE ZZ002133 Enter new code Calibration Count You can determine the number of times that your function generator has been calibrated Your function generator was calibrated before it left the factory When you receive your function generator read the count to determine its initial value The calibration coun...

Page 124: ...ither the front panel menu or the remote interface The calibration message may contain up to 40 characters However the function generator can display only 11 characters of the message on the front panel additional characters are truncated The calibration message is stored in non volatile memory and does not change when power has been off or after a remote interface reset Front Panel Operation 4 ME...

Page 125: ...ate Sine wave 1 kHz 100 mV peak to peak 0 00 Vdc Volts peak to peak 50 ohms Power On Reset State 1 kHz Sine wave 100 Hz Sine wave 100 1 kHz Sine wave 10 Hz Sine wave 100 Hz 1 kHz Sine wave 1 cycle 100 Hz 0 degrees 1 kHz Sine wave 100 Hz Sine wave 10 Hz Off 100 Hz 1 kHz 1 second Linear Power On Reset State Disabled On On Power On Reset State Internal Power On Reset State 10 GPIB IEEE 488 9600 baud ...

Page 126: ...124 ...

Page 127: ...4 Remote Interface Reference 4 ...

Page 128: ...onfiguration starting on page 195 RS 232 Interface Commands starting on page 200 The SCPI Status Registers starting on page 201 Status Reporting Commands starting on page 209 An Introduction to the SCPI Language starting on page 211 Halting an Output in Progress starting on page 216 To set the GPIB address on page 217 To select the remote interface on page 218 To set the baud rate on page 219 To s...

Page 129: ...ts indicate that you must substitute a value for the enclosed parameter A vertical bar separates multiple parameter choices The APPLy Commands see page 138 for more information APPLy SINusoid frequency amplitude offset APPLy SQUare frequency amplitude offset APPLy TRIangle frequency amplitude offset APPLy RAMP frequency amplitude offset APPLy NOISe frequency DEFault 1 amplitude offset APPLy DC fre...

Page 130: ...tude MINimum MAXimum VOLTage MINimum MAXimum VOLTage OFFSet offset MINimum MAXimum VOLTage OFFSet MINimum MAXimum VOLTage UNIT VPP VRMS DBM DEFault VOLTage UNIT OUTPut LOAD 50 INFinity MINimum MAXimum OUTPut LOAD MINimum MAXimum OUTPut SYNC OFF ON OUTPut SYNC SAV 0 1 2 3 State 0 is the instrument state at power down RCL 0 1 2 3 States 1 2 and 3 are user defined instrument states MEMory STATe DELet...

Page 131: ...nal FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare TRIangle RAMP NOISe USER FM INTernal FUNCtion FM INTernal FREQuency frequency MINimum MAXimum FM INTernal FREQuency MINimum MAXimum FM STATe OFF ON FM STATe SOURce BM NCYCles cycles INFinity MINimum MAXimum BM NCYCles MINimum MAXimum BM PHASe degrees MINimum MAXimum BM PHASe MINimum MAXimum BM INTernal RATE frequency MINimum MAXimum BM INTernal RATE MINimum MAXimum BM ...

Page 132: ... Commands see page 170 for more information SOURce FREQuency STARt frequency MINimum MAXimum FREQuency STARt MINimum MAXimum FREQuency STOP frequency MINimum MAXimum FREQuency STOP MINimum MAXimum SOURce SWEep SPACing LINear LOGarithmic SWEep SPACing SWEep TIME seconds MINimum MAXimum SWEep TIME MINimum MAXimum SWEep STATe OFF ON SWEep STATe TRIGger SOURce IMMediate EXTernal BUS Triggered Sweep Mo...

Page 133: ...AC VOLATILE binary block value value DATA ATTRibute AVERage arb name DATA ATTRibute CFACtor arb name DATA ATTRibute POINts arb name DATA ATTRibute PTPeak arb name DATA CATalog DATA COPY destination arb name VOLATILE DATA DELete arb name DATA DELete ALL DATA NVOLatile CATalog DATA NVOLatile FREE FORMat BORDer NORMal SWAPped Specify Byte Order FORMat BORDer Default parameters are shown in bold 4 Cha...

Page 134: ...m Related Commands see page 188 for more information DISPlay OFF ON DISPlay DISPlay TEXT quoted string DISPlay TEXT DISPlay TEXT CLEar SYSTem BEEPer SYSTem ERRor SYSTem VERSion IDN RST TST SAV 0 1 2 3 State 0 is the instrument state at power down RCL 0 1 2 3 States 1 2 and 3 are user defined instrument states MEMory STATe DELete 0 1 2 3 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference SCPI Command Summary 132...

Page 135: ...ration SECure STATe CALibration SETup 0 1 2 3 84 CALibration SETup CALibration STRing quoted string CALibration STRing CALibration VALue value CALibration VALue RS 232 Interface Commands see page 200 for more information SYSTem LOCal SYSTem REMote SYSTem RWLock Default parameters are shown in bold 4 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference SCPI Command Summary 133 ...

Page 136: ...hown in bold Status Reporting Commands see page 209 for more information SYSTem ERRor CLS ESE enable value ESE ESR OPC OPC PSC 0 1 PSC SRE enable value SRE STB WAI Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference SCPI Command Summary 134 ...

Page 137: ...formation CLS ESE enable value ESE ESR IDN OPC OPC PSC 0 1 PSC RST SAV 0 1 2 3 State 0 is the instrument state at power down RCL 0 1 2 3 States 1 2 and 3 are user defined instrument states SRE enable value SRE STB TRG TST WAI 4 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference SCPI Command Summary 135 ...

Page 138: ...od to program the function generator over the remote interface For example the following statement executed from your computer will output a 3 Vpp sine wave at 5 kHz with a 2 5 volt offset APPL SIN 5 0E 3 3 0 2 5 Using the Low Level Commands Although the APPLy command provides the most straightforward method to program the function generator the low level commands give you more flexibility to chan...

Page 139: ... Trigger Source When burst modulation or frequency sweep is enabled the function generator will accept an immediate internal trigger a hardware trigger from the rear panel Ext Trig terminal or a software bus trigger By default the internal trigger source is selected If you want the function generator to use the external source or a bus trigger you must select that source For example the following ...

Page 140: ...meter of the APPLy command the output frequency range depends on the function currently selected You can substitute MINimum MAXimum or DEFault in place of a specific value for the frequency parameter MIN selects the lowest frequency allowed for the selected function MAX selects the highest frequency allowed The default frequency for all functions is 1 kHz Function Sine Square Ramp Triangle Built I...

Page 141: ...the remote interface a 221 Settings conflict error is generated and the frequency is adjusted Possible Conflict with Duty Cycle square wave only For output frequencies above 5 MHz the duty cycle is limited to values between 40 and 60 below 5 MHz the range is 20 to 80 The duty cycle is automatically adjusted if you select a frequency that is not valid with the present duty cycle For example if you ...

Page 142: ...ot use the full range of values between 1 and therefore its maximum amplitude is 6 084 Vpp into 50 ohms You can set the units for output amplitude to Vpp Vrms or dBm See Output Units on page 64 for more information Function Sine Square Triangle Ramp Noise Built In Arbs 1 Sine Square Triangle Ramp Noise Built In Arbs 1 Output Termination 50W 50W 50W 50W 50W 50W Open Circuit Open Circuit Open Circui...

Page 143: ...and then change the termination from 50 ohms to high impedance the displayed amplitude will double to 20 Vpp If you change from high impedance to 50 ohms the displayed amplitude will drop in half See Output Termination on page 65 for more information A momentary glitch occurs in the output waveform at certain voltages due to output attenuator switching This positive going glitch occurs when the ou...

Page 144: ...ffset voltage is auto matically adjusted and no error is generated if you change the output termination For example if you set the offset to 100 mVdc and then change the termination from 50 ohms to high impedance the displayed offset will double to 200 mVdc If you change from high impedance to 50 ohms the displayed offset will drop in half See Output Termination on page 65 for more information For...

Page 145: ...maximum frequency for sine with a 2 5 volt offset APPL SIN MAX 3 0 2 5 APPLy SINusoid frequency amplitude offset Output a sine wave with the specified frequency amplitude and dc offset The waveform is output as soon as the command is executed APPLy SQUare frequency amplitude offset Output a square wave with the specified frequency amplitude and dc offset The waveform is output as soon as the comma...

Page 146: ... DEF If you specify a frequency and amplitude the values are remembered when you change to a different function For example APPL DC DEF DEF 2 5 APPLy USER frequency amplitude offset Output the arbitrary waveform currently selected by the FUNC USER command The waveform is output using the specified frequency amplitude and dc offset The waveform is output as soon as the command is executed See Arbit...

Page 147: ...elect USER the function generator outputs the arbitrary waveform currently selected by the FUNC USER command The default is SIN Stored in volatile memory The following matrix shows which output functions are allowed with each modulation mode Each X indicates a valid combination If you change to a function that is not allowed with the selected modulation the modulation mode is turned off FUNCtion S...

Page 148: ...of the currently active function For example if you output a 1 MHz sine wave and then change the function to triangle wave the function generator will adjust the output to 100 kHz the upper limit for triangle waves From the remote interface a 221 Settings conflict error is generated and the frequency is adjusted FREQuency MINimum MAXimum Query the frequency setting for the function currently activ...

Page 149: ... is used The APPLy command automatically sets the duty cycle to 50 for square waves Possible Conflict with Output Frequency The duty cycle is auto matically adjusted if you select a frequency that is not valid with the present duty cycle For example if you set the duty cycle to 70 and then change the frequency to 8 MHz the function generator will automatically adjust the duty cycle to 60 the upper...

Page 150: ... for more information For dc volts the output level is actually controlled by setting the offset voltage You can set the dc voltage to any value between 5 Vdc into 50 ohms or 10 Vdc into an open circuit See the VOLT OFFS command for more information Function Sine Square Triangle Ramp Noise Built In Arbs 1 Sine Square Triangle Ramp Noise Built In Arbs 1 Output Termination 50W 50W 50W 50W 50W 50W Op...

Page 151: ...tude will drop in half See the OUTP LOAD command for more information VOLTage MINimum MAXimum Query the output amplitude for the currently selected function Returns the magnitude of the output amplitude Units are not returned but are in the units set by the most recent VOLT UNIT command VOLTage OFFSet offset MINimum MAXimum Set the dc offset voltage for the currently active function MIN selects th...

Page 152: ... inherent offset present if the average is not equal to zero The function generator calculates the average of the data points and compares the average to zero volts If the average is not within two DAC Digital to Analog Converter counts of zero volts the Offset annunciator turns on VOLTage OFFSet MINimum MAXimum Query the dc offset voltage for the currently selected function Returns a value in dc ...

Page 153: ...ed amplitude will double to 20 Vpp If you change from high impedance to 50 ohms the displayed amplitude will drop in half If you specify a 50 ohm termination but are actually terminating into an open circuit the displayed output will be twice the value specified For example if you set the offset to 100 mVdc and specify a 50 ohm termination but are actually terminating the output into an open circu...

Page 154: ...f an arbitrary waveform is being output from non volatile memory when the state is stored the waveform data is stored The stored waveform is output when the instrument state is recalled If you delete an arbitrary waveform after storing the state the waveform data is lost and the function generator will not output the waveform when the state is recalled The SINC waveform is output in place of the d...

Page 155: ...rated if you attempt to recall from memory location 2 but have never stored to that location From the remote interface a 810 State has not been stored error is generated if nothing is stored in the specified memory location MEMory STATe DELete 0 1 2 3 Delete a previously stored state and clear the memory location If nothing is stored in the specified memory location a 810 State has not been stored...

Page 156: ...an modulate the carrier with a sine square triangle ramp noise or arbitrary waveform Use the AM INT FUNC command to select the modulating waveshape 3 Set the modulating frequency Set the modulating frequency to any value between 10 mHz and 20 kHz using the AM INT FREQ command 4 Set the modulation depth Set the modulation depth to a value between 0 and 120 using the AM DEPT command 5 Select the mod...

Page 157: ...FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare TRIangle RAMP NOISe USER Select the shape of the modulating waveform Used only when the internal modulation source is selected AM SOUR INT You can use the noise function as the modulating waveform However you cannot use the noise function or dc volts as the carrier waveform The default is SIN Stored in volatile memory AM INTernal FUNCtion Query the shape of the internal mo...

Page 158: ...veform The Ext annunciator turns on to indicate that the function generator is expecting a modulating signal on the rear panel AM Modulation terminal You apply the external modulating waveform to the AM Modulation terminal The modulation depth is controlled by the signal level present 5 volts peak corresponds to 100 modulation AM SOURce Query the modulating source Returns BOTH or EXT AM STATe OFF ...

Page 159: ...or arbitrary waveform for the carrier 2 Select the shape of the modulating waveform You can modulate the carrier with a sine square triangle ramp noise or arbitrary waveform Use the FM INT FUNC command to select the modulating waveshape 3 Set the modulating frequency Set the modulating frequency to any value between 10 mHz and 10 kHz using the FM INT FREQ command 4 Set the peak frequency deviation...

Page 160: ...h FM enabled the function generator will automatically adjust the deviation to equal the present carrier frequency From the remote interface a 221 Settings conflict error is generated and the deviation is adjusted The sum of the carrier frequency and peak frequency deviation must be less than or equal to the maximum frequency for the selected function plus 100 kHz 15 1 MHz for sine and square 200 ...

Page 161: ...MINimum MAXimum Set the frequency of the modulating waveform Select from 10 mHz to 10 kHz The default is 10 Hz MIN 10 mHz MAX 10 kHz Stored in volatile memory FM INTernal FREQuency MINimum MAXimum Query the modulating frequency Returns a value in hertz FM STATe OFF ON Disable or enable FM To ensure proper operation you should enable FM after you have set up the other modulation parameters Only one...

Page 162: ...unction generator to accept an internal trigger or you can send the trigger externally by pressing the front panel Single key or by applying a trigger signal to the rear panel Ext Trig terminal At power on the internally triggered burst mode is enabled External Gated Burst Mode In this mode the output waveform is either on or off based on the level of the external signal applied to the rear panel ...

Page 163: ...y value between 10 mHz and 50 kHz using the BM INT RATE command Used only in the triggered burst mode with an internal trigger source 4 Set the burst starting phase Set the starting phase of the burst to any value between 360 degrees and 360 degrees using the BM PHAS command Used only in the triggered burst mode internal or external source 5 Select the trigger source or burst source If you are usi...

Page 164: ...ine square and arbitrary waveforms does not apply to ramp and triangle waveforms the relationship between the carrier frequency and the minimum burst count is shown below If you attempt to set the carrier frequency to a value that is not valid the function generator will automatically adjust the frequency to the maximum value allowed with the present burst count From the remote interface a 221 Set...

Page 165: ...imum MAXimum Query the burst count Returns an integer between 1 and 50 000 BM PHASe degrees MINimum MAXimum Set the starting phase for the burst triggered burst mode only Select from 360 degrees to 360 degrees in 0 001 degree increments The default is 0 degrees MIN 360 degrees MAX 360 degrees Stored in volatile memory For sine square triangle and ramp waveforms 0 degrees is the point at which the ...

Page 166: ...Ximum Query the burst rate Returns a value in hertz BM SOURce INTernal EXTernal Select the burst modulation source In the external gated burst mode the output waveform is either on or off based on the level of the external signal applied to the rear panel Ext Trig terminal The default is INT Stored in volatile memory When the internal burst source is selected the external gated mode is disabled Wh...

Page 167: ...ected the frequency at which the burst is generated is determined by the burst rate BM INT RATE The APPLy command automatically sets the trigger source to IMMediate When the External trigger source is selected the function generator will accept a hardware trigger applied to the rear panel Ext Trig terminal The function generator outputs the specified number of cycles each time Ext Trig receives th...

Page 168: ...xample the following command string guarantees that the first trigger is accepted and executed before the second trigger is recognized TRIG SOUR BUS TRG WAI TRG WAI You can use the OPC operation complete query command or the OPC operation complete command to signal when the burst is complete The OPC command returns 1 to the output buffer when the burst is complete The OPC command sets the operatio...

Page 169: ...You can select a sine square triangle ramp or arbitrary waveform for the carrier 2 Select the FSK hop frequency Use the FSK FREQ command to set the hop frequency 3 Set the FSK rate Use the FSK INT RATE command to set rate at which the output frequency shifts between the carrier frequency and the hop frequency internal FSK source only 4 Select the FSK source Select an internal or external FSK sourc...

Page 170: ...15 MHz Stored in volatile memory FSKey FREQuency MINimum MAXimum Query the FSK hop frequency Returns a value in hertz FSKey INTernal RATE rate in Hz MINimum MAXimum Set the rate at which the output frequency shifts between the carrier and hop frequency FSK SOUR INT only Select from 10 mHz to 50 kHz The default is 10 Hz MIN 10 mHz MAX 50 kHz Stored in volatile memory The FSK rate is ignored when th...

Page 171: ...s output When a high TTL level is present the hop frequency is output The maximum external FSK rate is 1 MHz The Ext annunciator turns on when the function generator is waiting for an external trigger signal FSKey SOURce Query the internal FSK source Returns INT or EXT FSKey STATe OFF ON Disable or enable FSK modulation To ensure proper operation you should enable FSK after you have set up the oth...

Page 172: ...op frequencies Use the FREQ STAR and FREQ STOP commands to set the start and stop frequencies respectively To sweep up in frequency set the start frequency stop frequency To sweep down in frequency set the start frequency stop frequency 3 Set the sweep time Use the SWE TIME command to set the number of seconds required to sweep from the start frequency to the stop frequency 4 Select the sweep mode...

Page 173: ...hase continuous over the full frequency range The default is 1 kHz MIN 10 mHz MAX 15 MHz Stored in volatile memory FREQuency STOP MINimum MAXimum Query the stop frequency Returns a value in hertz SWEep SPACing LINear LOGarithmic Select linear or logarithmic spacing for the sweep The default is Linear Stored in volatile memory SWEep SPACing Query the sweep mode Returns LIN or LOG SWEep TIME seconds...

Page 174: ...p rate specified SWE TIME The APPLy command automatically sets the trigger source to IMMediate When the External source is selected the function generator will accept a hardware trigger applied to the rear panel Ext Trig terminal The function generator outputs one sweep each time each time Ext Trig receives the rising edge of a TTL pulse The Trig annunciator turns on when the function generator is...

Page 175: ...te The OPC command returns 1 to the output buffer when the sweep is complete The OPC command sets the operation complete bit bit 0 in the Standard Event register when the burst is complete TRIGger SOURce Query the present trigger source Returns IMM EXT or BUS 4 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Frequency Sweep Commands 173 ...

Page 176: ...ng the following section in this chapter 1 Select the waveform frequency amplitude and offset Use the APPLy command or the equivalent FREQ VOLT and VOLT OFFS commands to select the frequency amplitude and offset of the arbitrary waveform 2 Download the data points into volatile memory You can download between 8 and 16 000 points per waveform The waveform can be downloaded as floating point values ...

Page 177: ... one of the five built in arbitrary waveforms one of four user defined waveforms or the waveform currently downloaded to volatile memory Use the FUNC USER command to select the waveform 5 Output the currently selected arbitrary waveform Use the FUNC SHAP USER command to output the waveform previously selected with the FUNC USER command The five built in arbitrary waveforms are shown below Sinc Neg...

Page 178: ...t character must be a letter A Z but the remaining characters can be numbers 0 9 or the underscore character _ Blank spaces are not allowed If you specify a name with more than 8 characters a 783 Arb waveform name too long error is generated The function generator does not distinguish between upper and lower case letters for the arbitrary waveform name Therefore ARB_1 and arb_1 are the same name A...

Page 179: ...ange of the output DAC Digital to Analog Converter For example the built in SINC waveform does not use the full range of values between 1 and therefore its maximum amplitude is 6 084 Vpp into 50 ohms For arbitrary waveforms the Offset annunciator will turn on if the waveform data has an inherent offset present if the average is not equal to zero The function generator calculates the average of the...

Page 180: ...ient when using trigonometric functions which return values between 1 and 1 The DATA VOLATILE command overwrites the previous waveform in VOLATILE memory no error is generated Use the DATA COPY command to copy the waveform to non volatile memory Up to four user defined waveforms can be stored in non volatile memory Use the DATA DEL command to delete the waveform in VOLATILE memory or any of the fo...

Page 181: ...ter For example the built in SINC waveform does not use the full range of values between 1 and therefore its maximum amplitude is 6 084 Vpp into 50 ohms The DATA DAC VOLATILE command overwrites the previous waveform in VOLATILE memory no error is generated Use the DATA COPY command to copy the waveform to non volatile memory Up to four user defined waveforms can be stored in non volatile memory Us...

Page 182: ...s the waveform data The block header has the following format The function generator represents binary data as 12 bit integers which is sent as two bytes Therefore the total number of bytes is always twice the number of data points in the waveform and must always be an even number For example 32 000 bytes are required to download a waveform with 16 000 points Use the FORM BORD command to select th...

Page 183: ... between 8 and 16 000 points The default arb name is the arbitrary waveform currently active selected with FUNC USER command If you query a waveform that is not currently stored in memory a 785 Specified arb waveform does not exist error is generated DATA ATTRibute PTPeak arb name Query the peak to peak value of all data points for the specified arbitrary waveform The default arb name is the arbit...

Page 184: ...annot copy from any other name and you cannot copy to VOLATILE The VOLATILE parameter is optional and can be omitted The arb name may contain up to 8 characters The first character must be a letter A Z but the remaining characters can be numbers 0 9 or the underscore character _ Blank spaces are not allowed If you specify a name with more than 8 characters a 783 Arb waveform name too long error is...

Page 185: ...e the specified arbitrary waveform from memory You can delete the waveform in volatile memory or any of the four user defined waveforms in non volatile memory You cannot delete the arbitrary waveform that is currently being output If you attempt to delete the waveform being output a 787 Cannot delete an active arb waveform error is generated You cannot delete any of the five built in arbitrary wav...

Page 186: ...tive arb waveform error is generated You cannot delete any of the five built in arbitrary waveforms If you attempt to delete one of the built in waveforms a 786 Cannot delete a built in arb waveform error is generated Use the DATA DEL arb name command to delete stored waveforms one at a time DATA NVOLatile CATalog List the names of all user defined arbitrary waveforms currently downloaded to non v...

Page 187: ...g the DATA DAC command The default is NORM In NORM byte order default the most significant byte MSB of each data point is sent first In SWAP byte order the least significant byte LSB of each data point is sent first Most PCs use the swapped byte order The function generator represents binary data as 12 bit integers which are sent as two bytes Each data point in the waveform requires 12 bits which ...

Page 188: ...automatically sets the trigger source to IMMediate When the External source is selected the function generator will accept a hardware trigger applied to the rear panel Ext Trig terminal The function generator outputs one burst or initiates one sweep each time each time Ext Trig receives the rising edge of a TTL pulse The Trig annunciator turns on when the function generator is waiting for an exter...

Page 189: ...r sweep is complete The OPC command sets the operation complete bit bit 0 in the Standard Event register when the burst or sweep is complete TRIGger SOURce Query the present trigger source Returns IMM EXT or BUS TRIGger SLOPe POSitive NEGative Select the polarity of the Ext Trig terminal If you select POS the polarity of the Ext Trig terminal is the same as described on page 102 If you select NEG ...

Page 190: ...0 from the remote interface to return to the local state DISPlay Query the front panel display setting Returns 0 OFF or 1 ON DISPlay TEXT quoted string Display a message containing up to 11 characters on the front panel any additional characters are truncated Commas periods and semicolons share a display space with the preceding character and are not considered individual characters When a message...

Page 191: ...ror returned is the first error that was stored When you have read all errors from the queue the ERROR annunciator turns off The function generator beeps once each time an error is generated If more than 20 errors have occurred the last error stored in the queue the most recent error is replaced with 350 Too many errors No additional errors are stored until you remove errors from the queue If no e...

Page 192: ...and the third is for the front panel processor The command returns a string with the following format be sure to dimension a string variable with at least 40 characters HEWLETT PACKARD 33120A 0 X X X X X X RST Reset the function generator to its default state see Power On and Reset State on page 123 independent of the POWER ON command setting in the front panel SYS MENU In the sweep mode the RST c...

Page 193: ... if an arbitrary waveform is being output from non volatile memory when the state is stored the waveform data is stored The stored waveform is output when the instrument state is recalled If you delete an arbitrary waveform after storing the state the waveform data is lost and the function generator will not output the waveform when the state is recalled The SINC waveform is output in place of the...

Page 194: ... 1 2 3 Delete a previously stored state and clear the memory location If nothing is stored in the specified memory location a 810 State has not been stored error is generated OPC Set the operation complete bit bit 0 in the Standard Event register after the previous commands have been executed Used only in the triggered burst mode and triggered sweep mode OPC Return 1 to the output buffer after the...

Page 195: ...s initial value Stored in non volatile memory The calibration count increments up to a maximum of 32 767 after which it wraps around to 0 Since the value increments by one for each calibration point a complete calibration will increase the value by many counts CALibration SECure CODE new code Enter a new security code To change the security code you must first unsecure the function generator using...

Page 196: ...ormation in the calibration message only from the remote interface However you can read the message from either the front panel menu or the remote interface The calibration message may contain up to 40 characters However the function generator can display only 11 characters of the message on the front panel additional characters are truncated CALibration STRing Query the calibration message and re...

Page 197: ...erator over the RS 232 interface The programming commands for RS 232 are listed on page 200 RS 232 Configuration Overview Configure the RS 232 interface using the parameters shown below Use the front panel I O MENU to select the baud rate parity and number of data bits see also pages 219 and 220 for more information Baud Rate 300 600 1200 2400 4800 or 9600 baud factory setting Parity and Data Bits...

Page 198: ...er connector on each end and the internal wiring must be correct Connectors typically have 9 pins DB 9 connector or 25 pins DB 25 connector with a male or female pin configuration A male connector has pins inside the connector shell and a female connector has holes inside the connector shell If you cannot find the correct cable for your configuration you may have to use a wiring adapter If you are...

Page 199: ...a 9 pin female connector on each end The cable pin diagram is shown below DB 25 Serial Connection If your computer or terminal has a 25 pin serial port with a male connector use the null modem cable and 25 pin adapter included with the 34398A Cable Kit The cable and adapter pin diagram is shown below 4 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference RS 232 Interface Configuration 197 ...

Page 200: ...RS 232 connector When enough characters have been removed to make space in the input buffer the function generator sets the DTR line TRUE unless the second case see below prevents this 2 When the function generator wants to talk over the interface which means that it has processed a query and has received a new line message terminator it will set the DTR line FALSE This implies that once a query h...

Page 201: ...having problems communicating over the RS 232 interface If you need additional help refer to the documentation that came with your computer Verify that the function generator and your computer are configured for the same baud rate parity and number of data bits Make sure that your computer is set up for 1 start bit and 2 stop bits these values are fixed on the function generator Make sure to execu...

Page 202: ... the SYSTEM REMOTE command to place the function generator in the remote mode Sending or receiving data over the RS 232 interface when not configured for remote operation can cause unpredictable results SYSTem RWLock Place the function generator in the remote mode for RS 232 operation This command is the same as the SYSTEM REMOTE command except that all keys on the front panel are disabled includi...

Page 203: ... automatically cleared by a query of that register or by sending the CLS clear status command The RST reset command or device clear will not clear bits in an event register Querying an event register returns a decimal value which corresponds to the binary weighted sum of all bits set in the register What is an Enable Register An enable register defines which bits in the corresponding event registe...

Page 204: ...SCPI Status System Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Registers 202 ...

Page 205: ...ister ESR command will clear only bit 4 in the Summary Register The Status Byte Enable Register request service is cleared when You execute the SRE 0 command You turn on the power and have previously configured the function generator using the PSC 1 command The enable register will not be cleared at power on if you have previously configured the function generator using PSC 0 Bit 0 Not Used 1 Not ...

Page 206: ...by reading the event register whose summary bit is causing the service request To read the Status Byte summary register send the IEEE 488 serial poll message Querying the summary register will return a decimal value which corresponds to the binary weighted sum of the bits set in the register Serial poll will automatically clear the request service bit in the Status Byte summary register No other b...

Page 207: ...AV You can use the Status Byte message available bit bit 4 to determine when data is available to read into your bus controller The function generator subsequently clears bit 4 only after all messages have been read from the output buffer To Interrupt Your Bus Controller Using SRQ 1 Send a device clear message to clear the function generator s output buffer e g CLEAR 710 2 Clear the event register...

Page 208: ...esult to ensure synchronization 5 Execute your command string to program the desired configuration and then execute the OPC operation complete command as the last command When the command sequence is completed the operation complete bit bit 0 is set in the Standard Event register 6 Use a serial poll to check to see when bit 5 standard event is set in the Status Byte summary register You could also...

Page 209: ... Standard Event Register Bit 0 Operation Complete 1 Not Used 2 Query Error 3 Device Error 4 Execution Error 5 Command Error 6 Not Used 7 Power On Decimal Value 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 Definition All commands prior to and including an OPC command have been executed Always set to 0 The function generator tried to read the output buffer but it was empty Or a new command line was received before a previo...

Page 210: ...Standard Event enable register is cleared when You execute the ESE 0 command You turn on the power and have previously configured the function generator using the PSC 1 command The enable register will not be cleared at power on if you have previously configured the function generator using PSC 0 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Registers 208 ...

Page 211: ...s No additional errors are stored until you remove errors from the queue If no errors have occurred when you read the error queue the function generator responds with 0 No error The error queue is cleared when power has been off or after a CLS clear status command has been executed The RST reset command does not clear the error queue CLS Clear the Status Byte summary register and all event registe...

Page 212: ...le memory PSC Query the power on status clear setting Returns 0 PSC 0 or 1 PSC 1 SRE enable value Enable bits in the Status Byte enable register SRE Query the Status Byte enable register The function generator returns a decimal value which corresponds to the binary weighted sum of all bits set in the register STB Query the Status Byte summary register The STB command is similar to a serial poll bu...

Page 213: ...r a common node or root thus forming subsystems A portion of the SOURCE subsystem is shown below to illustrate the tree system SOURce FREQuency STARt frequency MINimum MAXimum FREQuency STARt MINimum MAXimum FREQuency STOP frequency MINimum MAXimum FREQuency STOP MINimum MAXimum SWEep SPACing LINear LOGarithmic SWEep SPACing SWEep TIME seconds MINimum MAXimum SWEep TIME MINimum MAXimum SWEep STATe...

Page 214: ...an error Braces enclose the parameter choices for a given command string The braces are not sent with the command string A vertical bar separates multiple parameter choices for a given command string Triangle brackets indicate that you must specify a value for the enclosed parameter For example the above syntax statement shows the frequency parameter enclosed in triangle brackets The brackets are ...

Page 215: ...g the following three commands FREQ START 10 FREQ STOP 1000 FREQ MODE SWEEP Use a colon and a semicolon to link commands from different subsystems For example in the following command string an error is generated if you do not use both the colon and semicolon SWE STAT ON TRIG SOUR EXT Using the MIN and MAX Parameters You can substitute MINimum or MAXimum in place of a parameter for many commands F...

Page 216: ...ne character and can be used to terminate a command string in place of a new line character A carriage return followed by a new line is also accepted Command string termination will always reset the current SCPI command path to the root level IEEE 488 2 Common Commands The IEEE 488 2 standard defines a set of common commands that perform functions like reset self test and status operations Common ...

Page 217: ...nd a long form just like command keywords You can mix upper and lower case letters Query responses will always return the short form in all upper case letters The following command uses discrete parameters SWEep SPACing LINear LOGarithmic Boolean Parameters Boolean parameters represent a single binary condition that is either true or false For a false condition the function generator will accept O...

Page 218: ...g The following statement shows how to send a device clear over the GPIB interface CLEAR 710 IEEE 488 Device Clear The following statement shows how to send a device clear over the GPIB interface using the GPIB Command Library for C or QuickBASIC IOCLEAR 710 For RS 232 operation sending the Ctrl C character will perform the same operation as the IEEE 488 device clear message The function generator...

Page 219: ... also GPIB Address on page 114 1 Turn on the menu A MOD MENU 2 Move across to the I O MENU choice on this level E I O MENU 3 Move down a level to the HPIB ADDR command 1 HPIB ADDR 4 Move down to the PARAMETER level to set the address Use the left right and down up arrow keys to change the address 10 ADDR 5 Save the change and turn off the menu The address is stored in non volatile memory and does ...

Page 220: ... I O MENU choice on this level E I O MENU 3 Move down a level and then across to the INTERFACE choice 2 INTERFACE 4 Move down to the PARAMETER level to select the interface Use the left right arrow keys to see the interface choices Choose from the following HPIB 488 or RS 232 HPIB 488 5 Save the change and turn off the menu The interface selection is stored in non volatile memory and does not chan...

Page 221: ...level and then across to the BAUD RATE choice 3 BAUD RATE 4 Move down to the PARAMETER level to select the baud rate Use the left right arrow keys to see the baud rate choices Choose from one of the following 300 600 1200 2400 4800 or 9600 baud 9600 BAUD 5 Save the change and exit the menu The baud rate selection is stored in non volatile memory and does not change when power has been off or after...

Page 222: ...ITY choice 4 PARITY 4 Move down to the PARAMETER level to select the parity Use the left right arrow keys to see the parity choices Choose from one of the following None 8 Bits Odd 7 Bits or Even 7 bits When you set parity you are indirectly setting the number of data bits NONE 8 BITS 5 Save the change and turn off the menu The parity selection is stored in non volatile memory and does not change ...

Page 223: ... table lists the SCPI approved commands that are used by the function generator CALibration ALL VALue value VALue DATA CATalog COPY destination arb name VOLATILE DATA VOLATILE value value DELete ALL DELete NAME arb name DISPlay WINDow STATe OFF ON WINDow STATe WINDow TEXT CLEar WINDow TEXT DATA quoted string WINDow TEXT DATA FORMat BORDer NORMal SWAPped BORDer SOURce AM DEPTh depth in percent MINi...

Page 224: ...INusoid SQUare TRIangle RAMP NOISe DC USER FUNCtion SHAPe PULSe DCYCle percent MINimum MAXimum PULSe DCYCle MINimum MAXimum SWEep SPACing LINear LOGarithmic SWEep SPACing SWEep TIME seconds MINimum MAXimum SWEep TIME MINimum MAXimum VOLTage LEVel IMMediate AMPLitude amplitude MINimum MAXimum VOLTage LEVel IMMediate AMPLitude MINimum MAXimum VOLTage LEVel IMMediate OFFSet offset MINimum MAXimum VOL...

Page 225: ... arb name ATTRibute PTPeak arb name DAC VOLATILE binary block value value NVOLatile CATalog NVOLatile FREE OUTPut LOAD 50 INFinity MINimum MAXimum LOAD MINimum MAXimum SYNC OFF ON SYNC MEMory STATe DELete 0 1 2 3 SOURce AM INTernal FUNCtion SINusoid SQUare TRIangle RAMP NOISe USER AM INTernal FUNCtion APPLy SINusoid frequency amplitude offset APPLy SQUare frequency amplitude offset APPLy TRIangle ...

Page 226: ... SINusoid SQUare TRIangle RAMP NOISe USER FM INTernal FUNCtion FSKey FREQuency frequency MINimum MAXimum FSKey FREQuency MINimum MAXimum FSKey INTernal RATE rate in Hz MINimum MAXimum FSKey INTernal RATE MINimum MAXimum FSKey SOURce INTernal EXTernal FSKey SOURce FSKey STATe OFF ON FSKey STATe FUNCtion USER arb name VOLATILE FUNCtion USER SWEep STATe OFF ON SWEep STATe SYSTem LOCal REMote RWLock N...

Page 227: ...Execute Trigger GTL Go To Local LLO Local Lockout SDC Selected Device Clear SPD Serial Poll Disable SPE Serial Poll Enable Capability Identification Codes SH1 AH1 T6 L4 SR1 RL1 PP0 DC1 DT1 C0 E2 IEEE 488 2 Common Commands CLS ESE enable value ESE ESR IDN OPC OPC PSC 0 1 PSC RST SAV 0 1 2 3 RCL 0 1 2 3 SRE enable value SRE STB TRG TST WAI 4 Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference IEEE 488 Conformance ...

Page 228: ...226 ...

Page 229: ...5 Error Messages 5 ...

Page 230: ... error queue the function generator responds with 0 No error The error queue is cleared when power has been off or after a CLS clear status command has been executed The RST reset command does not clear the error queue Front Panel Operation 3 ERROR SYS MENU If the ERROR annunciator is on press Shift Recall Menu to read the errors stored in the queue The errors are listed horizontally on the PARAME...

Page 231: ...a blank space instead of a comma Example TRIG SOUR BUS or APPL SIN 1 1000 105 GET not allowed A Group Execute Trigger GET is not allowed within a command string 108 Parameter not allowed More parameters were received than were expected for the command You may have entered an extra parameter or you added a parameter to a command that does not accept a parameter Example APPL 10 109 Missing parameter...

Page 232: ...ound whose mantissa contained more than 255 digits excluding leading zeros 128 Numeric data not allowed A numeric parameter was received but a character string was expected Example DISP TEXT 123 131 Invalid suffix A suffix was incorrectly specified for a numeric parameter You may have misspelled the suffix Example SWE TIME 0 5 SECS 138 Suffix not allowed A suffix was received following a numeric p...

Page 233: ... length block the number of bytes of data sent does not match the number of bytes that you specified in the block header For an indefinite length block an EOI End or Identify was received without an accompanying new line character 168 Block data not allowed Block data was received but is not allowed for the command Check to see if you have sent the correct data type with the command 170 to 178 Exp...

Page 234: ...is enabled or if burst is enabled with a burst count other than infinity 221 Settings conflict duty cycle has been adjusted The requested duty cycle is not valid For output frequencies above 5 MHz the duty cycle is limited to values between 40 and 60 below 5 MHz the range is 20 to 80 The duty cycle is automatically adjusted if you select a frequency that is not valid with the present duty cycle pe...

Page 235: ...ust the frequency to 100 kHz the upper limit for triangle waves 221 Settings conflict offset has been adjusted The requested offset voltage is not valid with the present output amplitude The offset is automatically adjusted to the maximum value allowed with the present output amplitude The output amplitude in Vpp and the dc offset voltage must obey the following restrictions Vmax is either 10 volt...

Page 236: ...s outside the valid range for the command Example BMOD NCYC 3 or FREQ 16 MHZ 222 Data out of range amplitude The requested output amplitude exceeds the upper limit for the selected function This error applies only to the APPLy command See Output Amplitude on page 59 for more information 222 Data out of range frequency The requested output or carrier frequency exceeds the upper limit for the select...

Page 237: ...s data to the output buffer but the output buffer contained data from a previous command the previous data is not overwritten The output buffer is cleared when power has been off or after a device clear has been executed 420 Query UNTERMINATED The function generator was addressed to talk i e to send data over the interface but a command has not been received which sends data to the output buffer F...

Page 238: ...owed in remote only 580 Phase locked loop is unlocked Option 001 Phase Lock Only The function generator has detected an unlock condition You must execute the PHAS UNL ERR STAT ON command to enable this error 800 Block length must be even The function generator represents binary data for arbitrary waveforms as a 12 bit integers which is sent as two bytes DATA DAC VOLATILE command only An odd number...

Page 239: ...anel does not respond 602 RAM read write failed 603 Waveform RAM readback failed 604 Modulation RAM readback failed 605 Serial configuration readback failed 606 Waveform ASIC failed 607 SYNC signal detection failure Bessel filter path 608 SYNC signal detection failure Elliptic filter path 625 I O processor does not respond 626 I O processor failed self test 5 Chapter 5 Error Messages Self Test Err...

Page 240: ...ce versa The security code may contain up to 12 alphanumeric characters The first character must be a letter 704 Secure code too long A security code was received which contained more than 12 characters 705 Cal aborted A calibration in progress is aborted when you press any front panel key send a device clear or change the local remote state of the instrument 706 Cal value out of range The specifi...

Page 241: ... function generator would not know how to interpret the last single byte 810 State has not been stored The memory location specified in the RCL command was not used in a previous SAV command You cannot recall the instrument state from a memory location that was not previous specified as a storage location 850 Cal setup invalid 851 Negative offset gain cal required CAL SETup 50 852 Flatness DAC gai...

Page 242: ...le memory Use the DATA CAT command to list all waveforms currently stored in volatile and non volatile memory 782 Cannot overwrite a built in arb waveform You cannot overwrite the names of the five built in arbitrary waveforms The following names are reserved and cannot be used with the DATA COPY command SINC NEG_RAMP EXP_RISE EXP_FALL and CARDIAC 783 Arb waveform name too long The arb name can co...

Page 243: ... output Either select a different arbitrary waveform or change to a different output function 788 Cannot copy to VOLATILE arb waveform The DATA COPY command copies the arbitrary waveform from volatile memory to the specified name in non volatile memory The source for the copy operation is always VOLATILE you cannot copy from any other name and you cannot copy to VOLATILE 790 Arb waveform must cont...

Page 244: ...242 ...

Page 245: ...6 Application Programs 6 ...

Page 246: ...arily on the front panel when you turn on the function generator The GPIB IEEE 488 address is set to 10 when the function generator is shipped from the factory The example programs in this chapter assume an GPIB address of 10 When sending a command over the remote interface you append this address to the GPIB interface s select code normally 7 For example if the select code is 7 and the device add...

Page 247: ...or Microsoft QuickC tchhpib lib for Borland Turbo C If you are not compiling in the large or huge memory model include the CFUNC H header file in your program the file is located on the GPIB Command Library disk that came with the GPIB Interface Card To compile Microsoft QuickC programs from the DOS command line using the large memory model execute the following qcl AL path program C path clhpib l...

Page 248: ...c tc lib tchhpib lib Change the ml parameter to the appropriate setting when compiling in the smaller memory models see your C Language manual for more information Once compiled and linked an executable file EXE and object file OBJ are created in the current directory Run the program by typing the file name with the EXE extension Chapter 6 Application Programs C Language Programs 246 ...

Page 249: ...BAS l path qbhpib This loads both the program and the GPIB library into the QuickBASIC environment Note that this only selects the environment for QuickBASIC versions 4 0 and above only To compile and link a program from the DOS command line is a two step method as follows First compile the program by executing the following bc path program BAS This generates an object listing that has the same na...

Page 250: ...ved over the GPIB interface to 60 initiate a single trigger 70 80 CLEAR 7 Clear interface send device clear 90 ASSIGN Fgen TO 710 Assign I O path to address 710 100 OUTPUT Fgen RST Reset the function generator 110 120 OUTPUT Fgen OUTP LOAD 50 Output termination is 50 ohms 130 OUTPUT Fgen APPL SIN 5000 5 Carrier is 5 kHz sine 5 Vpp 140 OUTPUT Fgen BM NCYC 1 Burst count is 1 cycle 150 OUTPUT Fgen BM...

Page 251: ...n generator Function Prototypes void rst_clear void void out_waveform void void command_exe char commands int length void burst_trig void void check_error char func_name void main void Start of main rst_clear Reset the instrument and clear error queue out_waveform Set up burst modulation parameters burst_trig Trigger the function generator void rst_clear void Reset the function generator clear the...

Page 252: ...50 ohms APPL SIN 5000 5 Carrier is a 5 kHz sine wave 5 Vpp BM NCYC 1 Burst count is 1 cycle BM PHAS 270 Starting phase is 270 degrees VOLT OFFS 2 5 Offset voltage is 2 5 Vdc TRIG SOUR BUS Trigger source is bus BM STAT ON Turn burst modulation on Call the function to execute the command strings shown above command_exe cmd_string sizeof cmd_string sizeof char Call the function to check for errors ch...

Page 253: ...errors are read printf Error s in function s n n message func_name IOOUTPUTS ADDR SYST ERR 9 IOENTERS ADDR message length void burst_trig void Trigger the function generator to output a single burst To output a continuous burst change the trigger source to IMMediate To change the trigger source send TRIG SOUR IMM in the out_waveform function IOOUTPUTS ADDR TRG 4 or IOTRIGGER ADDR End of Program 1 ...

Page 254: ...IGN Fgen TO 710 Assign I O path to address 710 90 OUTPUT Fgen RST Reset the function generator 100 110 OUTPUT Fgen OUTP LOAD 50 Output termination is 50 ohms 120 OUTPUT Fgen FUNC SHAP SIN Carrier waveshape is sine wave 130 OUTPUT Fgen FREQ 5000 VOLT 5 Carrier frequency is 5 kHz 5 Vpp 140 OUTPUT Fgen AM INT FUNC SIN Modulating waveshape is sine 150 OUTPUT Fgen AM INT FREQ 200 Modulating frequency i...

Page 255: ...R Dev Send a device clear to the function generator IF PCIB ERR NOERR THEN ERROR PCIB BASERR CALL IOREMOTE Dev Place the function generator in the remote mode IF PCIB ERR NOERR THEN ERROR PCIB BASERR Info1 RST Reset the function generator Length1 LEN Info1 CALL IOOUTPUTS Dev Info1 Length1 IF PCIB ERR NOERR THEN ERROR PCIB BASERR Info1 OUTP LOAD 50 Output termination is 50 ohms Length1 LEN Info1 CA...

Page 256: ...80 Modulating depth is 80 Length1 LEN Info1 CALL IOOUTPUTS Dev Info1 Length1 IF PCIB ERR NOERR THEN ERROR PCIB BASERR Info1 AM STAT ON Turn AM modulation on Length1 LEN Info1 CALL IOOUTPUTS Dev Info1 Length1 IF PCIB ERR NOERR THEN ERROR PCIB BASERR Info1 SAV 1 Store state in memory location 1 Length1 LEN Info1 CALL IOOUTPUTS Dev Info1 Length1 IF PCIB ERR NOERR THEN ERROR PCIB BASERR Use the RCL 1 ...

Page 257: ...s of 4000 50 points downloaded to the function generator as ASCII data 60 70 OPTION BASE 1 80 DIM Waveform 4000 Dimension array with 4000 elements 90 INTEGER I Declare integer variable 100 CLEAR 7 Clear interface send device clear 110 ASSIGN Fgen TO 710 Assign I O path to address 710 120 OUTPUT Fgen RST Reset the function generator 130 140 FOR I 1 TO 5 150 Waveform I I 1 5 Set rise time 5 points 1...

Page 258: ...he arbitrary waveform function to download and output a square wave pulse with a calculated rise time and fall time The waveform consists of 4000 points downloaded over the GPIB interface as ASCII data include stdio h Used for printf include stdlib h Used for malloc free atoi include string h Used for strlen include cfunc h Header file from GPIB Command Library define ISC 7L Assign GPIB select cod...

Page 259: ...T CLS OPC 15 IOENTER ADDR value void get_data void Load 4000 points into an array to set the rise time and fall time to 250 ns and the pulse width to 10 us the output frequency is set to 5 kHz in the out_waveform function float waveform int loop num_points 4000 waveform float malloc num_points sizeof float for loop 1 loop 5 loop waveform loop float loop 1 5 Set rise time 5 points for loop 6 loop 2...

Page 260: ...urn CR and line feed LF before downloading the data static char state 2 13 10 ASCII 13 carriage return ASCII 10 line feed First disable EOI End or Identify and EOL End of Line IOEOI ISC 0 IOEOL ISC 0 Send DATA VOLATILE header and suppress CR LF printf Downloading Arb n n IOOUTPUTS ADDR DATA VOLATILE 14 Re enable EOI and EOL for normal GPIB operation and send the data IOEOI ISC 1 IOEOL ISC state 2 ...

Page 261: ...o execute the command strings shown above command_exe cmd_string sizeof cmd_string sizeof char Call the function to check for errors check_error out_waveform void command_exe char commands int length Execute one command string at a time using loop int loop for loop 0 loop length loop IOOUTPUTS ADDR commands loop strlen commands loop Set output termination to 50 ohms and output frequency to 5 kHz 5...

Page 262: ...ADDR SYST ERR 9 Read the error queue IOENTERS ADDR message length Enter error string while atoi message 0 Loop until all errors are read printf Error s in function s n n message func_name IOOUTPUTS ADDR SYST ERR 9 IOENTERS ADDR message length End of Program 3 Chapter 6 Application Programs Downloading an Arbitrary Waveform over GPIB 260 ...

Page 263: ...terface send device clear 70 ASSIGN Fgen TO 710 Assign I O path to address 710 80 COM Fgen Use same address in subprogram 90 INTEGER Hpib Mask Value B Declare integer variables 100 OUTPUT Fgen RST Reset function generator 110 120 Set up error checking 130 140 Hpib 7 GPIB select code is 7 150 ON INTR Hpib CALL Err_msg Call subprogram if error occurs 160 Mask 2 Bit 1 is SRQ 170 ENABLE INTR Hpib Mask...

Page 264: ...on on 350 360 OUTPUT Fgen OPC Send 1 to output buffer when complete 370 ENTER Fgen Value Enter value 380 390 OFF INTR Hpib Disable interrupts 400 END 410 420 SUB Err_msg Error subprogram is called if errors occurred 430 DIM Message 80 Dimension array for error 440 INTEGER Code Define integer variable 450 COM Fgen Use same address as in main program 460 B SPOLL Fgen Use Serial Poll to read Status B...

Page 265: ...m GPIB Command Library define ISC 7L Assign GPIB select code define ADDR 710L Set GPIB address for function generator Function Prototypes void rst_clear void void setup_status void void out_waveform void void command_exe char commands int length void check_error char func_name void main void Start of main rst_clear Reset the instrument and clear error queue setup_status Set up 33120A status regist...

Page 266: ...pt is to be generated whenever an error is detected To enable the status registers to generate an interrupt you must enable bits in the Status Byte and Standard Event Register Enable bit 5 Standard Event in the Status Byte to recognize activity from the Standard Event Register 2 5 32 IOOUTPUTS ADDR SRE 32 7 Enable bits 2 3 4 and 5 in the Standard Event Register to interrupt the Status Byte 2 2 2 3...

Page 267: ... Modulating frequency is 500 Hz FM DEV 250 Frequency deviation is 250 Hz Call the function to execute the command strings shown above command_exe cmd_string sizeof cmd_string sizeof char Turn sweep on and send 1 to output buffer when setup is complete IOOUTPUTS ADDR FM STAT ON OPC 17 IOENTER ADDR value Determine the status of the SRQ line return 1 if error occurred IOSTATUS ISC 1 stat_cond if stat...

Page 268: ...ame Read error queue to determine if errors have occurred char message 80 int length 80 IOOUTPUTS ADDR SYST ERR 9 Read the error queue IOENTERS ADDR message length Enter error string while atoi message 0 Loop until all errors are read printf Error s in function s n n message func_name IOOUTPUTS ADDR SYST ERR 9 IOENTERS ADDR message length End of Program 4 Chapter 6 Application Programs Using the S...

Page 269: ...amp_factor Define real variable 110 ASSIGN Fgen TO 10 Device address is 10 120 ASSIGN Bin TO 10 FORMAT OFF Prepare interface for binary data 130 OUTPUT Fgen RST Reset the function generator 140 150 OUTPUT Fgen SYST REM Enable the remote RS 232 mode 160 OUTPUT Fgen FORM BORD SWAP Swap data bytes send LSB first 170 OUTPUT Fgen FREQ 5000 Output frequency is 5 kHz 180 OUTPUT Fgen OUTP LOAD 50 Output t...

Page 270: ...form using ASCII data over the RS 232 interface The program generates a damped sine wave using 1 000 points npnts 1000 Define number of ASCII points in waveform NCYCLES 10 Define number of cycles DAMPFACTOR 5 Define damping factor DIM waveform npnts Dimension waveform array Configure COM2 for 9600 baud even parity 7 data bits 2 stop bits suppress detection of Request to Send rs set timeout of Data...

Page 271: ...1 PRINT 1 STR waveform I NEXT I PRINT 1 STR waveform npnts PRINT 1 OPC Wait for download to complete LINE INPUT 1 resp PRINT Download Complete PRINT 1 DATA COPY DAMP_SIN VOLATILE Copy to non volatile memory PRINT 1 FUNC USER DAMP_SIN Select the active arb PRINT 1 FUNC SHAP USER Output the selected arb PRINT 1 OPC LINE INPUT 1 resp PRINT Program Complete END End of Program 5 6 Chapter 6 Application...

Page 272: ...270 ...

Page 273: ...7 Tutorial 7 ...

Page 274: ...e 283 Modulation starting on page 287 You can use an arbitrary waveform generator in a variety of applications where it might be otherwise difficult or impossible to generate complex output waveforms With an arbitrary waveform generator signal imperfections such as rise time ringing glitches noise and random timing variations can be easily simulated in a controlled manner Physics chemistry biomedi...

Page 275: ...disc As shown below for digital audio a stream of digital data representing the sampled analog signal shape is sequentially addressed from a disc This data is applied to the digital port of a digital to analog converter DAC which is clocked at a constant rate The digital data is then converted into a series of voltage steps approximating the original analog signal shape After filtering the voltage...

Page 276: ...ional to the rate at which the RAM addresses are changed The 33120A represents amplitude values by 4 096 discrete voltage levels or 12 bit vertical resolution Waveforms may contain between 8 points and 16 000 points of 12 bit amplitude values The number of points in RAM representing one complete cycle of the waveshape or 360 is called its length or horizontal resolution Each RAM address correspond...

Page 277: ...ister the waveform output frequency changes phase continuously following the next clock cycle The 33120A uses a 48 bit phase accumulator which yields Fclk 248 or approximately 142 nHz frequency resolution internally The phase accumulator output the upper 14 bits will step sequentially through each RAM address for smaller PIR values lower frequencies However when the PIR is loaded with a larger val...

Page 278: ...i alias filter A 17 MHz ninth order elliptical filter providing a sharp cut off in excess of 60 dB attenuation for signals greater than 19 MHz is used for sine wave outputs A 10 MHz seventh order Bessel filter is used for non sine wave outputs The Bessel filter provides slower amplitude roll off for anti alias filtering but maintains linear phase response to minimize shape distortion for complex w...

Page 279: ...quantized causing a phase truncation error Spurious signals caused by phase truncation introduce jitter into the output waveform This may be regarded as time and phase displacement of output zero crossings Phase truncation causes phase modulation of the output signal which results in spurious harmonics see the equation below For lower output frequencies the phase accumulator periodically does not ...

Page 280: ... created using only 1 000 waveform data points In this case the amplitude quantization errors will be near the noise floor while the time quantization error will produce harmonics near the 60 dBc level Similarly amplitude quantization harmonics will be generated when you create a waveform using less than the full amplitude resolution of the function generator For example if you use only one fifth ...

Page 281: ...educe leakage errors by adjusting the window length to include an integer number of cycles or by including more cycles within the window to reduce the residual end point transient size Some signals are composed of discrete non harmonically related frequencies Since these signals are non repetitive all frequency components cannot be harmonically related to the window length You should be careful in...

Page 282: ... signal gain or attenuation to the signal created by the DAC as shown in the block diagram below The output waveform is always described by the full 12 bit vertical resolution You can download user defined arbitrary waveforms using less than the full 12 bit vertical resolution however it is recommended that you always use the full DAC amplitude resolution to minimize amplitude quantization errors ...

Page 283: ...ion an additional negligible 0 2 amplitude error is created Using a 5 accuracy termination will add 5 additional error to specified output amplitudes If the function generator s output is measured with no load connected the output will be approximately twice the displayed amplitude Vgen instead of Vload In some applications you might continually use the function generator in a no load conditions I...

Page 284: ...wer line frequency related which are added to the output voltage The best way to eliminate ground loops is to maintain the function generator s isolation from earth ground The function generator s isolation impedance will be reduced as the frequency of the Vground source increases due to low to earth capacitance Cle approximately 4000 pF for the 33120A If the function generator must be earth refer...

Page 285: ...hat is to say the sine wave frequencies are integer multiples of the lowest or fundamental frequency of the waveform Unlike dc signals the amplitude of ac waveforms varies with time as shown in the following figure V rms V avg V pk V pk pk T f 1 T A sine wave can be uniquely described by any of the parameters indicated the peak to peak value peak value or RMS value and its period T or frequency 1 ...

Page 286: ...wave The table below shows several common waveforms with their respective peak and RMS values V 0 T t V 0 V C F X 1 Ë Ì Í 1 C F Û Ü Ý 2 T t V 0 Waveform Shape Crest Factor C F 1 414 1 732 AC RMS AC DC RMS V 1 414 V 1 414 V 1 732 V 1 732 V C F Each waveshape exhibits a zero to peak value of V volts Crest factor refers to the ratio of the peak to RMS value of the waveform Chapter 7 Tutorial Attribut...

Page 287: ...This method leads to the RMS value of the waveform regardless of the signal shape Peak to Peak and Peak Value The zero to peak value is the maximum positive voltage of a waveform Likewise the peak to peak value is the magnitude of the voltage from the maximum positive voltage to the most negative voltage peak The peak or peak to peak amplitude of a complex ac waveform does not necessarily correlat...

Page 288: ...n to specify the resistance loading the voltage source Often the system resistance is added to the units by indicating dBm 50W for a 50W resistance system dB 10 x log10 P Pref dBm 10 x log10 P 0 001 where power P V 2 R For a 50W resistance 1 mW of power corresponds to 0 224 VRMS Use the following conversions to determine dBm levels when connecting 75W or 600W load resistances dBm 75 W dBm 50 W 1 7...

Page 289: ...uency carrier waveform is used to efficiently transmit the complex modulated signal over long distances Amplitude Modulation AM Amplitude Modulation is a process of producing a waveform whose amplitude varies as a function of the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating information signal In other words the information signal creates an amplitude envelope around the carrier signal The 33120A impl...

Page 290: ... amount of the peak frequency in FM with the deviation parameter In frequency modulation 100 modulation has a different meaning than in AM Modulation of 100 in FM indicates a variation of the carrier by the amount of the full permissible deviation Since the modulating signal only varies frequency the amplitude of the signal remains constant regardless of the modulation The function generator uses ...

Page 291: ...quency 2 The modulation waveshape for sweeps is a ramp wave or exponential wave for linear or log sweeps respectively The logic sense of the ramp or exponential modulation signal positive or negative ramp is selected when the stop frequency is either larger or smaller than the start frequency Like the FM function changes to sweep parameters cause the generator to automatically compute a modulation...

Page 292: ...n is either positive or negative depending on whether the hop frequency is larger or smaller than the present carrier frequency as shown below The internal FSK rate generator specifies the period of the modulating square wave signal When selected the external FSK input replaces the internal FSK rate generator to directly control the frequency hop rate A TTL low input always selects the carrier fre...

Page 293: ...hase as a dc output level while waiting for the next trigger Output dc offset voltages are not affected by burst modulation they are independently produced and summed into the function generator s output amplifier In gated burst mode operation the rear panel Burst terminal is used to directly and asynchronously turn off the waveform DAC output The burst count burst rate and burst phase settings ha...

Page 294: ... generator s rear panel Ext Trig terminal This source replaces the internal burst rate signal generator for pacing triggered bursts Changes to the burst count burst rate burst phase or carrier frequency will cause the function generator to automatically compute a new modulation signal and download it into modulation RAM It is not possible for the function generator to burst single cycles for all c...

Page 295: ...5 of setting Unlike the main signal output discussed previously modulation waveshapes are sampled using a variable point clock to sample data loaded in modulation waveform RAM Internally the modulation point clock C and modulation waveform length are automatically adjusted to produce the modulation signal frequency desired For frequencies greater than C 2048 all modulation shapes are sampled up to...

Page 296: ... modulation Similarly the generator uses digital signal processing to combine the carrier and modulation signals for frequency modulation FM The FM modulation signal maintains 12 bit resolution for frequency values The following equations and example describe the capabilities and limitations of the 33120A s internal modulation signal generator Parameter Definitions Maximum Point Clock C 5 MSa s fo...

Page 297: ...e Assume that you need to phase continuously frequency hop between the following nine frequencies every 200 ms 15 0 MHz 1 001 MHz 9 780 MHz 12 375 MHz 0 5695 MHz 3 579 MHz 0 8802 MHz 0 6441 MHz and 10 230 MHz Solution Create a modulation arbitrary waveform that is precisely sampled in FM modulation F 1 9 x 200 ms 555 555 Hz modulation frequency Round down in sixth digit to get modulation frequency...

Page 298: ...2 250 points Use the DATA VOLATILE command download to achieve 12 bit frequency resolution for each point y mX b To Check Enable FM by sending the following commands FM STATE ON FM INT FREQ 555 555 DIAG PEEK 0 0 0 enter results Prescale S Points P y is the new vertical value m 1 Deviation X is the original frequency point b carrier frequency Deviation 1 078930044 Segment 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Value 1 ...

Page 299: ...8 Specifications 8 ...

Page 300: ...65 dBc 65 dBc 6 dB octave 55 dBc in a 30 kHz band SIGNAL CHARACTERISTICS Square wave Rise Fall Time Overshoot Asymmetry Duty Cycle Triangle Ramp Arb Rise Fall Time Linearity Settling Time Jitter 20 ns 4 1 5 ns 20 to 80 to 5 MHz 40 to 60 to 15 MHz 40 ns typical 0 1 of peak output 250 ns to 0 5 of final value 25 ns OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS 1 Amplitude into 50W 2 Accuracy at 1 kHz Flatness 100 kHz 100 ...

Page 301: ...30 ms 10 ms 100 ms 350 ms FREQUENCY SWEEP Type Direction Start F Stop F Time Source Linear or Logarithmic Up or Down 10 mHz to 15 MHz 1 ms to 500 sec 0 1 Single External or Internal REAR PANEL INPUTS External AM Modulation External Trigger FSK Burst Gate 1 Latency Jitter 5 Vpk 100 Modulation 5 kW Input Resistance TTL low true 1 3 ms 25 ns Arb Download Times over GPIB Arb Length Binary ASCII Intege...

Page 302: ...le Stored States Arbitrary waveforms stored separately 254 4 mm x 103 6 mm x 374 mm 212 6 mm x 88 5 mm x 348 3 mm 4 kg 8 8 lbs Safety Designed to EMC Vibration and Shock Acoustic Noise Warm Up Time Warranty Remote Interface Programming Language Accessories Included EN61010 CSA1010 UL 1244 EN61326 1 1997 1A 1998 MIL T 28800E Type III Class 5 data on file 30 dBa 1 hour 3 years standard IEEE 488 and ...

Page 303: ...PRODUCT DIMENSIONS TOP All dimensions are shown in millimeters 8 Chapter 8 Specifications Agilent 33120A Function Generator 301 ...

Page 304: ...302 ...

Page 305: ...orms 175 catalog listing 182 184 copy name 182 crest factor value 181 delete waveform 183 download speeds 299 example program GPIB 255 example program RS 232 267 floating point data 178 frequency limits 57 146 front panel operation 103 108 inherent offset 63 177 memory available 185 memory limitations 183 modulation matrix 56 177 naming rules 176 182 number of points 181 parity and data bits 116 1...

Page 306: ...NVOL CAT command 184 DATA NVOL FREE command 185 dBm 64 150 286 dc offset and arb waveforms 63 177 and dc voltage function 62 150 and output termination 62 150 front panel selection 21 remote interface selection 149 dc volts front panel selection 24 selecting 62 150 with APPLy 144 declaration of conformity 309 deviation peak frequency 80 158 device clear 216 digits maximum number 112 dimensions pro...

Page 307: ...tor 5 FSK terminal 102 FSK carrier frequency 91 front panel operation 44 hop frequency 92 168 internal rate 93 168 maximum external rate 93 operational overview 167 source 93 169 sync signal 91 technical description 290 FSK FREQ command 168 FSK INT RATE command 168 FSK SOUR command 169 FSK STAT command 169 FUNC SHAP command 145 FUNC SHAP USER command 177 FUNC USER command 176 function conflict wit...

Page 308: ...d dc voltage function 62 150 and output termination 62 150 front panel selection 21 remote interface selection 149 Option 001 Phase Lock See Option 001 User s Service Guide optional parameters APPLy 143 OUTP LOAD command 151 OUTP SYNC command 151 output amplitude and output termination 60 149 arb waveform limits 148 177 conflict with function 59 149 front panel selection 20 limits 59 148 remote in...

Page 309: ...ormat 212 command summary 127 135 conformance information 221 introduction 211 215 language query 117 190 long form syntax 212 parameter types 215 programming overview 136 short form syntax 212 status registers 201 208 syntax conventions 127 terminators 214 version query 117 190 security code calibration factory setting 118 to change 121 self test complete 111 190 power on 111 semicolon syntax 213...

Page 310: ... text message calibration 122 errors 227 241 front panel display 112 188 times for download arb waveforms GPIB 299 arb waveforms RS 232 299 tone 189 triangle brackets syntax 127 Trig annunciator 5 TRIG SOUR command 165 173 186 TRIG SLOP command 187 TRIGGER command 101 186 triggering burst modulation 81 165 example program 248 external source 100 186 from the front panel 51 from the remote interfac...

Page 311: ... 1997 A1 1998 CISPR 11 1990 EN 55011 1991 IEC 61000 4 2 1995 A1 1998 EN 61000 4 2 1995 IEC 61000 4 3 1995 EN 61000 4 3 1995 IEC 61000 4 4 1995 EN 61000 4 4 1995 IEC 61000 4 5 1995 EN 61000 4 5 1995 IEC 61000 4 6 1996 EN 61000 4 6 1996 IEC 61000 4 11 1994 EN 61000 4 11 1994 Group 1 Class A 4kV CD 8kV AD 3 V m 80 1000 MHz 0 5kV signal lines 1kV power lines 0 5 kV line line 1 kV line ground 3V 0 15 8...

Page 312: ...ould Agilent and the user have a separate written agreement with warranty terms covering the material in this docu ment that conflict with these terms the warranty terms in the separate agreement will control Technologies Licenses The hardware and or software described in this document are furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license Restric...

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