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Operation Theory

47

ADLINK Technology Inc.

PCI-9524

Copyright 2008

User’s Manual

4

Operation Theory

The operation theory of the functions of PCI-9524 are described in
this chapter. The functions include A/D conversion, D/A conver-
sion, pulse-commands, encoder inputs, and isolated digital I/O.
Operation theory helps users understand how to configure and
program PCI-9524.

4.1 PCI-9524 Function Diagram

Figure 4-1: PCI-9524 Function Diagram

M
U

X

SOA Protection

Voltage

Regulator

SPI BUS

Reference Voltage

Generator

SPI BUS

SPI BUS

Auto-zero
Controller

IIR Filter

Block

AD FIFO #0

AD FIFO #1

DMA

AI Timing Control

SPI BUS

Pulse Command Generator

Quadrature Decoder

Fast Polling
Port Control

M
U

X

Isolated DIO

M
U

X

Isolated

Barrier

Isolated

Power

ISO5VDD

DC-DC

Diff Pulse Driver #0

Isolated

Barrier

Isolated DO MOSFET

Diff Pulse Driver #1

Isolated

Barrier

Isolated

Barrier

Diff Pulse Driver #2

PCI 12V

PCI 5V

ADC

INA

PGA

DAC

OPAMP

ADC

DAC

OPAMP

OPAMP

Isolated Plane

Input Filter

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

4

4

4

4

6

6

8

8

8

8

2

2

2

Reference Bridge

Calibration Sources

VEX0
VEX1
VEX2
VEX3

VEX_SEN0

VEX_SEN1

VEX_SEN2

VEX_SEN3

AI0

AI1

AI2

AI3

AI4

AI5

AI6

AI7

AO0

AO1

PULSE0

PULSE1

PULSE2

ENC0
ENC1
ENC2

ISO5VDD

ISOPWR

IDI[7..0]

ID0[7..0]

ISOGND

P

C

I B

u

s C
o

ntr

o

lle

r

Trigger

Interrupt

Controller

«
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66
67
68
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Summary of Contents for PCI-9524

Page 1: ...Advance Technologies Automate the World Manual Revision 2 00 Revision Date April 09 2008 Part No 50 11236 1000 PCI 9524 24 Bit Precision Load Cell Input Card User s Manual ...

Page 2: ...PCI 9524 ADLINK Technology Inc User s Manual Copyright 2008 ii Revision History Revision Release Date Description of Change s 2 00 2008 04 09 Document Created Initial Release ...

Page 3: ...ch damages Environmental Responsibility ADLINK is committed to fulfill its social responsibility to global environmental preservation through compliance with the Euro pean Union s Restriction of Hazardous Substances RoHS direc tive and Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment WEEE directive Environmental protection is a top priority for ADLINK We have enforced measures to ensure that our products...

Page 4: ...dows Vista are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation PCI is a registered trademark of the Peripheral Component Interconnect Special Interest Group PCI SIG Product names mentioned herein are used for identification pur poses only and may be trademarks and or registered trademarks of their respective companies ...

Page 5: ... environment Chapter 2 Installation Describes how to install the PCI 9524 into your chassis and basic PCI configuration settings Chapter 3 Signal Connections Describes signal connections between PCI 9524 and external devices Chapter 4 Operation Theory Describes A D and D A conversions pulse commands encoder inputs and isolated digital I O signals to assist users in understanding how to configure a...

Page 6: ...sks and instructions properly NOTE NOTE Additional information aids and tips that help users per form tasks CAUTION Information to prevent minor physical injury component damage data loss and or program corruption when try ing to complete a task WARNING Information to prevent serious physical injury compo nent damage data loss and or program corruption when trying to complete a specific task ...

Page 7: ...rmation storage in computing byte An 8 bit binary digit standard unit of information in computing CD Compact Disk ch CH Channel CLK DIR Clock Direction CMRR Common mode rejection ratio CW CCW Clock Wise Counter Clock Wise DAQ Data Acquisition dB Decibel a logarithmic unit of measurement in acoustics and electronics DC Direct Current DI Differential Input DLL dll Dynamic link libraries a library su...

Page 8: ... response IOL Output current at logic low IRQ SERIRQ Interrupt Request Serial Interrupt Request ITU International Telecommunications Union LabVIEW Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench a visual programming LBS Least significant bit LED Light Emitting Diode MB Megabyte 1 048 576 bytes MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconducgtor Field Effect ohm a standard unit of electrical resistance Ω OS...

Page 9: ...ital circuits built from bipolar junction transistors and resistors V mV µV Volt milli Volt micro Volt a derived unit of electrical potential difference VHDCI Very high density cable interconnect VIH Input voltage at logic high VIL Input voltage at logic low VOH Output volage at logic high VOL Output voltage at logic low W Watt ...

Page 10: ...llation configuration and or the operation of the PCI 9524 This list is prepared in alphabetical order by vendor organization name then by document title for clarity Vendor s Title Rev American National Standards Institute TIA 422 Electrical Characteristics of Balanced Voltage Differential Interface Circuits B Telecommunications Industry Association ITU T Recommendation V 11 11 ...

Page 11: ...0 Research Drive Irvine CA 92618 USA ADLINK TECHNOLOGY CO LTD BEIJING Sales Service market adlinktech com Telephone No 86 10 5885 8666 Fax No 86 10 5885 8625 Mailing Address Rm 801 Power Creative E No 1 B D Shang Di East Rd Beijing 100085 China ADLINK TECHNOLOGY CO LTD SHANGHAI Sales Service market adlinktech com Telephone No 86 21 6495 5210 Fax No 86 21 5450 0414 Mailing Address 4F Bldg 39 No 333...

Page 12: ...ECHNOLOGY INC SOUTH KOREA Liaison Office Sales Service korea adlinktech com Telephone No 82 2 2057 0565 Fax No 82 2 2057 0563 Mailing Address 402 Dongsung B D 60 12 Nonhyeon dong Gangnam gu Seoul 135 010 South Korea ADLINK TECHNOLOGY SINGAPORE PTE LTD Sales Service singapore adlinktech com Telephone No 65 6844 2261 Fax No 65 6844 2263 Mailing Address 84 Genting Lane 07 02A Cityneon Design Center S...

Page 13: ...i Trademarks iii Using this Manual v Conventions vi Acronyms Terminology vii Reference Documentation x Getting Service xi Table of Contents xiii List of Figures xvii List of Tables xix 1 Introduction 1 1 1 Features 2 1 2 Applications 2 1 3 Specifications 3 1 4 Software Support 19 2 Getting Started 21 2 1 Installation Environment 21 2 2 Package Contents 22 2 3 PCI 9524 Layout 23 2 4 Installing the ...

Page 14: ...l Devices 45 4 Operation Theory 47 4 1 PCI 9524 Function Diagram 47 4 2 Analog Input Channels 48 4 2 1 Signal Acquisition and Processing Flow 48 4 2 2 How to Define a 1 in 200 000 Count Resolution 49 4 2 3 Data Rate versus Sampling Rate 51 4 2 4 Auto scan Multiplexing and Settling Time 51 4 2 5 Power Line Noise Rejection 53 4 2 6 Excitation and Remote sensing 54 4 2 7 Thermal EMF 1 f Noise and Aut...

Page 15: ...tal Outputs 70 4 7 Trigger Sources 70 4 7 1 Software Trigger 70 4 7 2 External Digital Trigger 70 4 7 3 Pulse Comparator Trigger 71 4 7 4 Position Comparator Trigger 72 5 Calibration 73 5 1 Loading Calibration Constants 73 5 2 Auto calibration 74 5 3 Saving Calibration Constants 74 Important Safety Instructions 75 Warranty Policy 77 ...

Page 16: ...xvi Table of Contents PCI 9524 ADLINK Technology Inc User s Manual Copyright 2008 This page intentionally left blank ...

Page 17: ...signments 27 Figure 3 2 CN2 Connector Pin Assignments 29 Figure 3 3 SSI Connector Pin Assignments 31 Figure 3 4 Connecting to a four terminal load cell transducer using a four wire connection 34 Figure 3 5 Connecting to a six terminal load cell transducer using a six wire connection 35 Figure 3 6 Connecting to a four terminal load cell transducer using a six wire connection 36 Figure 3 7 Ground re...

Page 18: ...ternal sink driver 46 Figure 4 1 PCI 9524 Function Diagram 47 Figure 4 2 Signal acquisition and data processing flow for transducer input channels 48 Figure 4 3 SINC Filter Power Line Noise Rejection at 60 Hz Multiples 54 Figure 4 4 The Effect of Auto zero on Thermal Noise and 1 f Noise ADC running at 60 SPS 57 Figure 4 5 Digital Filter Tap Length Effects on Signal Frequency Responses 59 Figure 4 ...

Page 19: ...rates in 10V range 8 Table 1 9 General Purpose Input Impedance 13 Table 1 10 General Purpose CMRR DC to 60 Hz Typical 25 C 13 Table 1 11 Settling Error Typical 25ºC 14 Table 3 1 I O Signal Descriptions 32 Table 4 1 Data Rates vs Multiplexing Auto zero ADC Sampling Rates in Samples per second SPS 53 Table 4 2 Temperature Coefficient of different metal junctions 56 Table 4 3 Default Threshold Values...

Page 20: ...xx List of Tables PCI 9524 ADLINK Technology Inc User s Manual Copyright 2008 This page intentionally left blank ...

Page 21: ... CH general purpose analog input In addition the PCI 9524 comes with a 2 CH 16 bit analog output isolated motion I O and digital I O The highly inte grated function makes the PCI 9524 the ideal solution for com bined data acquisition and motion control functionalities Ideal for manufacturing laboratory research and factory automation the PCI 9524 comes with all the features and performance you nee...

Page 22: ...l filter for post processing X General purpose analog input channels Z 4 CH differential analog input Z Programmable gains x1 x2 x4 x8 Z Up to 30 kS s sampling rate X 2 CH 16 bit analog output X 3 CH opto isolated pulse command output supporting AB phase CW CCW CLK DIR modes X 3 CH opto isolated encoder input supports AB phase inputs in quadrature mode X 8 CH opto isolated digital inputs X 8 CH op...

Page 23: ...multiplexed scanning X Resolution Z 24 bit X Input coupling DC X Input range and gain Z 200mV relative to a common mode input voltage Z A fixed gain of 25x X Operational common mode input range Z 2V to 6V X Transducer Excitation Voltage Sources Z 4 CH differential output Z 10V or 2 5V selectable all 4 CH share same settings Z Driving up to four 120 ohm load cells Z Short circuit protection X Remot...

Page 24: ...al 25 C Table 1 2 System Noise including Quantization Typical 25 C Input Range Bandwidth 3dB 200 mV 2 730 Hz Input Range Data Rate in SPS System Noise in LSBrms RMS Res in Bits ENOB Peak Res in Bits RMSRes in µV Peak Res in µV 200 mV 1 25 0 5 23 0 21 0 0 013 0 053 2 5 0 6 22 8 20 4 0 014 0 079 5 0 0 6 22 7 20 4 0 016 0 079 7 5 0 7 22 6 20 0 0 017 0 079 12 0 9 22 2 19 7 0 023 0 159 15 0 8 22 3 19 7...

Page 25: ...le 1 3 Transducer Input Impedance Table 1 4 Transducer CMRR DC to 60 Hz Typical 25 C 200 mV 316 3 7 20 1 17 1 0 101 0 742 463 5 5 19 6 16 4 0 146 1 113 595 6 9 19 2 16 4 0 185 1 351 704 8 9 18 9 15 9 0 243 1 748 768 10 9 18 6 15 5 0 306 2 305 819 12 6 18 4 15 4 0 328 2 331 Normal Power On Power Off Overload 1GΩ 3pF 1K Ω 1K Ω Input Range CMRR 200mV 90 dB Auto zero Disabled 102 dB Auto zero Enabled ...

Page 26: ... auto zero enabled X Transfer Linearity Z Better than 0 0035 over full scale input range X Gain error Z Before calibration 1 typical Z After calibration 0 5 typical Analog Input AI for General Purpose X Number of channels programmable Z 4 differential input DI X A D converter Z ADS1255 X Maximum sampling rate Z 30 000 samples s single channel Z 1 638 samples s multiplexed scanning X Resolution Z 2...

Page 27: ...er on 30V continuous Z Power off 15V continuous X FIFO buffer size 1024 samples 1024 x 32 bits X Data transfers Z Programmed I O Z Bus mastering DMA with scatter gather X 3dB small signal bandwidth Typical 25º Table 1 7 3dB small signal bandwidth vs input range Bipolar Input Range Gain 10V 1 5V 2 2 5V 4 1 25V 8 Input Range Bandwidth 3dB 10V 5 800 Hz 5V 5 900 Hz 2 5V 5 900 Hz 1 25V 5 900 Hz ...

Page 28: ...mall signal bandwidth vs sampling rates in 10V range Sampling Rate In Samples per second SPS Bandwidth 3 dB 2 5 1 1 Hz 5 2 2 Hz 10 4 4 Hz 15 6 6 Hz 25 11 Hz 30 13 Hz 50 22 Hz 60 26 Hz 100 44 Hz 500 220 Hz 1 000 440 Hz 2 000 880 Hz 3 750 1 600 Hz 7 500 3 000 Hz 15 000 4 800 Hz 30 000 5 800 Hz ...

Page 29: ... 3750 7500 15000 30000 Sampling Rate Samples per Second ENOB bits Gain 1 Gain 2 Gain 4 Gain 8 Figure 1 3 RMS Noise in µV vs Gain RMS Noise vs PGA Gain Input AGND 0 1 1 10 100 1000 2 5 10 15 25 30 50 60 100 500 1000 2000 3750 7500 15000 30000 Sampling Rate Samples per Second Noise uV Gain 1 Gain 2 Gain 4 Gain 8 Test conditions RMS resolution and peak resolution are calcu lated relative to the full ...

Page 30: ... 20 0 Frequency Hz Magnitude dB Input Signal 996 094 Hz 1 dBFS Sampling rate 30 KHz SINAD 99 5171 dB SNR 101 0395 dB THD 104 8086 ENOB 16 2387 bit SFDR 105 8299 Figure 1 5 Spectral Response 5V range 0 996094 Hz sine wave 1 dB FS 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Frequency Hz Magnitude dB Input Signal 996 094 Hz 1 dBFS Sampling rate 30 KHz SINAD 98 6425 dB SNR 99...

Page 31: ...agnitude dB Input Signal 996 094 Hz 1 dBFS Sampling rate 30 KHz SINAD 97 5555 dB SNR 98 0951 dB THD 106 8792 ENOB 15 9129 bit SFDR 106 1694 Figure 1 7 Spectral Response 1 25V range 0 996094 Hz sine wave 1 dB FS 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Frequency Hz Magnitude dB Input Signal 996 094 Hz 1 dBFS Sampling rate 30 KHz SINAD 98 1582 dB SNR 98 6841 dB THD 107 5...

Page 32: ...30 000 SPS Frequency Response versus Norm Sampling Frequency 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 00 0 17 0 33 0 50 0 67 0 83 1 00 Normalized Sampling Frequency Fs Attenuation dB Figure 1 9 Frequency Response Sampling at 15 000 SPS Frequency Response versus Norm Sampling Frequency 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 00 0 17 0 33 0 50 0 67 0 83 1 00 Normalized Sampling Frequency Fs Attenuation dB ...

Page 33: ...nse versus Norm Sampling Frequency 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 00 0 17 0 33 0 50 0 67 0 83 1 00 Normalized Sampling Frequency Fs Attenuation dB Table 1 9 General Purpose Input Impedance Table 1 10 General Purpose CMRR DC to 60 Hz Typical 25 C Normal Power On Power Off Overload 1GΩ 3pF 1K Ω 1K Ω Input Range CMRR 10V 80 dB 5V 86 dB 2 5V 94 dB 1 25V 98 dB ...

Page 34: ... Trigger mode post trigger X Offset error Z Before calibration 2 mV typical 25ºC Z After calibration 0 1 mV typical 25ºC X Gain error Z Before calibration 0 5 typical 25ºC Z After calibration 0 01 typical 25ºC Input Range Condition Settling Error 10V Scanning 20Vpp 0 0005 5V Scanning 10Vpp 0 0005 2 5V Scanning 5Vpp 0 0005 1 25V Scanning 2 5Vpp 0 0005 ...

Page 35: ...fter software calibration X Settling time 0 1 of full scale 2 µs X Slew rate 15V µS X Output coupling DC X Protection Short circuit to ground indefinitely X Output impedance 0 1Ω max X Output driving 5mA max X Stability Any passive load up to 1500pF X Power on state Around 0V steady state X Offset error Z Before calibration 4mV typical 25ºC Z After calibration 1mV typical 25ºC X Gain error Z Befor...

Page 36: ...pulse frequency 1 MHz X Direction control modes CLK DIR CW CCW X Pulse counter 1 to 16777215 X Pulse Comparator Trigger to initiate AI acquisition once condition is met X Data transfers Programmed I O Isolated Quadrature Encoder Inputs X Number of channels 3 X Input type AB Phase differential inputs X Input impedance 249 Ω 220 pF X Input voltage Z Logic low VIL 0 8V max Z Logic high VIH 3 8V min Z...

Page 37: ...V max X Maximum input frequency 5 KHz X Data transfers Programmed I O X Digital Trigger to initiate AD conversion on DI channel 0 with programmable detection polarity Isolated Digital Outputs X Number of channels 8 X Output type N Type MOSFET current sinker with a com mand ground X Maximum external power supply voltage 60V DC X Drain off leakage current 10 µA X Drain on resistance 75 mΩ X Maximum ...

Page 38: ...ISOPWR 16mA max X Maximum output current nth channel of Pulse Command channel is used Z ISO5VDD 160 20 x n mA max Z ISOPWR 16mA max X Physical X Dimensions 156 mm x 116 mm X I O connectors two 68 pin SCSI VHDCI connectors Power Requirement typical 25ºC X 5VDC 2A Operating Environment X Ambient temperature 0ºC to 45ºC X Relative humidity 10 to 90 non condensing Storage Environment X Ambient tempera...

Page 39: ...demonstration purposes only up to two hours Contact your ADLINK dealers if you want to purchase the software license Programming Library For customers who want to write their own programs ADLINK pro vides the PCIS DASK function library that is compatible with vari ous operating systems PCIS DASK The PCIS DASK includes device drivers and DLL for Windows 98 NT 2000 XP Vista DLL is binary compatible ...

Page 40: ...20 Introduction PCI 9524 ADLINK Technology Inc User s Manual Copyright 2008 This page intentionally left blank ...

Page 41: ...aces with access to basic tools such as flat and cross head screwdrivers preferably with magnetic heads as screws and standoffs are small and easily misplaced Recommended Installation Tools X Phillips cross head screwdriver X Flat head screwdriver X Anti static Wrist Strap X Anti static mat ADLINK PCI 9524 DAQ cards are electro static sensitive equip ment that can be easily damaged by static elect...

Page 42: ...urchased the product Save the shipping materi als and carton in case you want to ship or store the product in the future CAUTION The equipment must be protected from static discharge and physical shock Never remove any of the socketed parts except at a static free workstation Use the anti static bag shipped with the product to handle the equipment and wear a grounded wrist strap when servicing WAR...

Page 43: ...Getting Started 23 ADLINK Technology Inc PCI 9524 Copyright 2008 User s Manual 2 3 PCI 9524 Layout Figure 2 1 PCI 9524 PCB Layout and Mechanical Drawing Controller ...

Page 44: ...move the system chassis cover 3 Select the PCI slot that you intend to use then remove the bracket opposite the slot if any 4 Align the card connectors golden fingers with the slot then press the card firmly until the card is completely seated on the slot 5 Secure the card to the chassis with a screw 6 Replace the system chassis cover 7 Connect the power plug to a power source then turn on the sys...

Page 45: ...the system configuration 2 Configuration The board configuration is done on a board by board basis for all PCI boards on your system Because configuration is con trolled by the system and software there is no jumper setting required for base address DMA and interrupt IRQ The configuration is subject to change with every boot of the system as new boards are added or removed 3 Trouble shooting If yo...

Page 46: ...26 Getting Started PCI 9524 ADLINK Technology Inc User s Manual Copyright 2008 This page intentionally left blank ...

Page 47: ...Connectors Pin Assignments PCI 9524 is equipped with two 68 pin VHDCI connectors They are used for digital input output analog input output etc The SSI connector is used for system synchronization Figure 3 1 CN1 Connector Pin Assignments 35 68 1 34 Pin Pin AI0 34 68 AI0 VEX0 33 67 VEX0 VEX_SEN0 32 66 VEX_SEN0 NC 31 65 NC AI1 30 64 AI1 VEX1 29 63 VEX1 VEX_SEN1 28 62 VEX_SEN1 NC 27 61 NC AI2 26 60 A...

Page 48: ...ht 2008 Pin Pin AIH4 17 51 AIL4 AIH5 16 50 AIL5 AIH6 15 49 AIL6 AIH7 14 48 AIL7 AGND 13 47 AGND AGND 12 46 AGND AGND 11 45 AGND AGND 10 44 AGND AGND 9 43 AGND AGND 8 42 AGND AGND 7 41 AGND AGND 6 40 AGND AGND 5 39 AGND AO0 4 38 AGND AGND 3 37 AGND AO1 2 36 AGND AGND 1 35 AGND ...

Page 49: ... Assignments 35 68 1 34 Pin Pin AI0 34 68 AI0 VEX0 33 67 VEX0 VEX_SEN0 32 66 VEX_SEN0 NC 31 65 NC AI1 30 64 AI1 VEX1 29 63 VEX1 VEX_SEN1 28 62 VEX_SEN1 NC 27 61 NC AI2 26 60 AI2 VEX2 25 59 VEX2 VEX_SEN2 24 58 VEX_SEN2 NC 23 57 NC AI3 22 56 AI3 VEX3 21 55 VEX3 VEX_SEN3 20 54 VEX_SEN3 NC 19 53 NC AGND 18 52 AGND ...

Page 50: ...in ISOPWR 17 51 ISOGND IDI0 16 50 IDI0 IDI1 15 49 IDI1 IDI2 14 48 IDI2 IDI3 13 47 IDI3 ISOPWR 12 46 ISOGND IDI4 11 45 IDI4 IDI5 10 44 IDI5 IDI6 9 43 IDI6 IDI7 8 42 IDI7 ISOPWR 7 41 ISOGND IDO0 6 40 IDO1 IDO2 5 39 IDO3 EXT_ISOPWR 4 38 ISOGND ISOPWR 3 37 ISOGND IDO4 2 36 IDO5 IDO6 1 35 IDO7 ...

Page 51: ...l Connections 31 ADLINK Technology Inc PCI 9524 Copyright 2008 User s Manual Figure 3 3 SSI Connector Pin Assignments 1 19 2 20 PIN Signal Name 11 SSI_AD_TRIG_IN 1 3 5 7 9 13 15 RSV 17 NC 19 NC 2 4 6 20 DGND ...

Page 52: ...ger impedance can also be used VEX_SENn VEX_SENn Input Remote sense analog inputs for transducer excitation sensing Always connect VEX_SENn to VEXn VEX_SENn to VEXn and as close as possible to transducers excitation terminals AGND Analog ground AOn AGND Output Single ended analog output channel PULSEn_A PULSEn_A Output Pulse command differential voltage outputs As Clock signal in single phase mode...

Page 53: ...mputer is plugged into the same power system Non isolated outputs of instruments and devices that plug into the buildings power system are ground referenced signal sources NOTE NOTE 1 Short AIn and AIn to AGND for unused transducer input channels 2 Exceeding the maximum input voltage range may perma nently degrade performance or damage the input amplifier 3 Please refer to section 1 3 for driving ...

Page 54: ...cell trans ducers in differential mode A load cell is comprised of four resistive strain gauges connected in Wheatstone bridge form and is inherently a floating differential output device Since a load cell transducer is a passive device it requires voltage excitation in order to transform the resistive change into electrical signals A typical four wire connection is shown on Figure 3 4 Figure 3 4 ...

Page 55: ...ion circuitry by two separate sense wires to further correct the voltage drops due to the resistance in the excitation wiring Be sure to enable the remote sense function to take full advantage of a six wire connection A typical six wire connection is shown in Figure 3 5 Figure 3 5 Connecting to a six terminal load cell transducer using a six wire connection Vex Vo Vex Vo Load cell Transducer Sense...

Page 56: ... Vo Vex Vo AIn AIn VEXn VEX_SENn VEXn VEX_SENn NC NC Load cell Transducer PCI 9524 Differential input mode for general purpose input channels AI channels 4 to 7 are designed for connecting to ground refer enced or floating sources in differential mode The differential input mode provides two inputs that respond to sig nal voltage difference between them If the signal source is ground referenced th...

Page 57: ...sources you need to add a resistor at each channel to provide a bias return path The resistor value should be about 100 times the equivalent source impedance If the source impedance is less than 100Ω you can simply connect the negative side of the signal to AIGND as well as the negative input of the Instrumentation Amplifier without any resistors In differential input mode less noise couples into ...

Page 58: ...it is inactivated conversely a source driver sources current to the external pull down resistor when it is activated and floats when it is inactivated High side voltage can usually go as high as the output transistor can tolerate and hence offers a wider more versatile output voltage selection The draw back is that when the output stage is inactivated either the signal fall time of a source driver...

Page 59: ... made of a light emitting diode LED and an integrated light sensitive transis tor They accept wide input voltage ranges provided that the input current is limited by a series external resistor in order to protect the integrated LED device Line receiver inputs The line receiver as its name implies is used to accept signals from line drivers It s of differential input type providing a normal input a...

Page 60: ...s Figure 3 9 Connecting to an external encoder with NPN sink drivers Vcc Phase A ENCn_A ENCn_A Phase B GND ENCn_B ENCn_B 249O 249O ISOPWR ISOGND Encoder PCI 9524 Figure 3 10 Connecting to an external encoder with PNP source drivers ENCn_A ENCn_A ENCn_B ENCn_B 249O 249O ISOPWR ISOGND Vcc Phase A Phase B GND PCI 9524 Encoder ...

Page 61: ...al encoder with push pull source drivers ENCn_A ENCn_A ENCn_B ENCn_B 249O 249O ISOPWR ISOGND Vcc Phase A Phase B GND PCI 9524 Encoder Figure 3 12 Connecting to an external encoder with differential line drivers ENCn_A ENCn_A ENCn_B ENCn_B 249O 249O ISOPWR ISOGND Vcc Phase B GND PCI 9524 Encoder Phase A Phase A Phase B ...

Page 62: ... servo amplifier with opto coupler inputs CLK CW COM0 DIR CCW COM1 470O 470O VDD ISOGND ISO5VDD PULSEn_B ISOGND Servo Amplifier PCI 9524 PULSEn_A PULSEn_A PULSEn_B Figure 3 14 Connecting to an external servo amplifier with differential line receivers CLK CW CLK CW DIR CCW DIR CCW VDD ISOGND ISO5VDD PULSEn_B ISOGND Servo Amplifier PCI 9524 PULSEn_A PULSEn_A PULSEn_B ...

Page 63: ...riving an external 5W 24 VDC Bulb using an external power supply Figure 3 15 Connecting to an external resistive load from the isolated DO sink driver ISOPWR EXT_ISOPWR IDOn ISOGND PCI 9524 5 VDC 330 O LED ISOPWR EXT_ISOPWR IDOn ISOGND PCI 9524 5 VDC 24 VDC Bulb Connecting to external inductive loads Figure 3 16 presents connecting to external resistive loads The left side illustrates driving a 5 ...

Page 64: ...K Technology Inc User s Manual Copyright 2008 Figure 3 16 Connecting to an external inductive load from an isolated DO sink driver ISOPWR EXT_ISOPWR IDOn ISOGND PCI 9524 5 VDC 24 VDC Coil ISOPWR EXT_ISOPWR IDOn ISOGND PCI 9524 5 VDC Coil ...

Page 65: ...nnecting to a low side push button Alternatively the push button can be connected at the high side i e between the ISOVDD and IDn pins Also the IDIn and IDIn can be interchanged since the opto coupler accepts bipolar input signals Figure 3 17 Connecting to a low side push button IDIn IDIn 2 7KO ISOGND PCI 9524 5 VDC ISO5VDD Push Button ...

Page 66: ...sink driver The sink driver can also be replaced by a mechanical switch a proximity sensor etc An external power supply can be used instead of the internal isolated power source Figure 3 18 Connecting to an external sink driver Open Collector Open Drain GND 24 VDC IDIn IDIn 2 7KO ISOGND PCI 9524 5 VDC ISO5VDD ...

Page 67: ...ilter Block AD FIFO 0 AD FIFO 1 DMA AI Timing Control SPI BUS Pulse Command Generator Quadrature Decoder Fast Polling Port Control M U X Isolated DIO M U X Isolated Barrier Isolated Power ISO5VDD DC DC Diff Pulse Driver 0 Isolated Barrier Isolated DO MOSFET Diff Pulse Driver 1 Isolated Barrier Isolated Barrier Diff Pulse Driver 2 PCI 12V PCI 5V ADC INA PGA DAC OPAMP ADC DAC OPAMP OPAMP Isolated Pl...

Page 68: ... an electric signal in the range of tens of milli volts Before entering amplification stage the signal passes through a passive filter stage to filter out unwanted interference A custom made low temperature coeffi cient instrumentation amplifier provides a fixed gain of 25 and the necessary level shift 1 The amplified signal is fed into a sigma delta modulator running at 1 92 MHz pushing the in ba...

Page 69: ...rform null and gain calibrations in the field users can manipulate the 2 s complementary binary code directly Throughout the acquisition and processing flow remote sensing 3 and auto zeroing 4 are working simultaneously to compen sate voltage drops over excitation wires and to remove thermal drift and 1 f noise in signal paths The dynamic error compensation is essential to achieve high stability m...

Page 70: ...ity of the 200 kg capacity load cell transducer you are using a 200 000 count measurement device can always resolve a 1 gram measurement Please also note as a weight force indicator the displayed Counts or Digits shall be flicker free while the applied force is in steady state Therefore a measurement device specified to have a 200 000 count resolution must guarantee peak to peak system noise and s...

Page 71: ...operating modes When programming through a software API users must set the desired ADC sampling rate and the actual Data Rate will be looked up and returned by the software API for your reference 4 2 4 Auto scan Multiplexing and Settling Time PCI 9524 uses multiplexing for transducer input channels and up to four transducers can be attached When the Auto scan feature is enabled the hardware multip...

Page 72: ...cient settling time may causes inter channel crosstalk the new signal will not be able to fully settle to its final value and some residual signals in the previous mea surement will be present in the current measurement Users may increase the hardware settling time to check if a lesser inter chan nel crosstalk is perceived See Table 4 1 for the equivalent Data Rates versus ADC actual Sampling Rate...

Page 73: ... 14 74 25 25 12 32 24 64 12 32 15 15 7 44 14 87 7 44 10 10 4 97 9 94 4 97 5 5 2 49 4 99 2 49 2 5 2 5 1 25 2 5 1 25 4 2 5 Power Line Noise Rejection The SINC filter built into the PCI 9524 works best for suppressing power line noise if the ADC sampling rate is set to match power line frequency The harmonics of the power line noise can also be suppressed as well see Table 4 3 for illustration For ap...

Page 74: ...ch con ditions power line noise rejection relies on the inherent common mode rejection ability of the input amplifier Under this circum stance using the post processing IIR digital filter can attenuate power line noise somewhat at the cost of increased signal settling time See Section 4 2 9 for details 4 2 6 Excitation and Remote sensing Users can select excitation voltages from either 2 5V or 10V...

Page 75: ...ing cable and increasing the wiring gauge will help to improve the response time Load cell transducers with inductive properties are not recom mended to be used with PCI 9524 4 2 7 Thermal EMF 1 f Noise and Auto zero Thermal electromotive force Thermal EMF is the most common error in a low level signal measurement system A junction made of dissimilar metals develops some voltage difference across ...

Page 76: ...lem of ther mal EMF is that it creeps slowly in a very low frequency range typically below 1Hz rendering any post digital filtering impractical due to the extremely long settling time therefore required Besides thermal EMF they are other noise sources that reside in semiconductor devices exhibiting 1 f noise properties i e noise density increases as frequency of interest decreases The auto zeroing...

Page 77: ...lifiers those used in PCI 9524 start to assert their 1 f noise below 10 Hz the gradually increasing noise attenuation from below 20 Hz is a nice feature This also implies that a too low sampling rate will not improve the stability performance significantly since noise attenuation may start at a frequency much lower than where the amplifier s 1 f noise emerges To successfully resolve low level sign...

Page 78: ...pplica tions The tap length can be programmed in ranges of 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 and 1024 Figure 4 5 illustrates several frequency response curves versus different filter tap lengths and normalized sampling rate Rows from top to bottom are of tap length of 2 16 128 and 512 The fig ures in the left column have their auto zeros disabled those in right column have their auto zeros enabled with...

Page 79: ...ponses 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 00 0 25 0 50 0 75 1 00 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 00 0 25 0 50 0 75 1 00 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 00 0 25 0 50 0 75 1 00 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 00 0 25 0 50 0 75 1 00 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 00 0 25 0 50 0 75 1 00 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 00 0 25 0 50 0 75 1 00 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 00 0 25 0 50 0 75 1 00 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 00 0 25 0 50 0 75 1 00 ...

Page 80: ...nts not voltage level To select an appropriate threshold value however is a complex process First a too low settling will falsely flush the digital filter due to system noise whereas a too high settling will not improve the filter s settling time Second system noise grows proportionally to ADC sampling rates PCI 9524 is shipped with a set of predefined threshold values as listed in Table 4 3 one f...

Page 81: ... is possible for users to deal with raw data directly rather than scaled data The data for mat of the acquired 32 bit raw AI is shown in Table 4 4 Table 4 4 RAW Data Format BIT 31 8 BIT 7 4 BIT 3 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 AD Data Channel No RSV DSP Flushed Data Refreshed The AD Data field contains a 2 s complement coded AD data to manually scale them to physical units please refer to Section 4 2 11 To convert...

Page 82: ...ll remain at zero The RSV field is reversed The DSP Flushed field denotes whether the current AD Data is a large input step that has been recognized and validated to flush the post processing IIR digital filter contents The Data Refreshed bit is valid only in Fast polling Data Transfer mode see Section 4 2 12 for Data Transfer Modes a 1 indicates that the AD data for that specific channel has been...

Page 83: ... µV 800000 8388608 Table 4 6 presents valid input ranges and ideal transfer character istics for general purpose input channels i e analog input chan nels 4 to 7 Table 4 6 Bipolar analog input ranges and AD codes for general purpose input channels Description Bipolar Analog Input Range AD Code Hex Count Decimal Full scale Range 10V 5V 2 5V 1 25V Least significant bit 1 325µV 0 662µV 0 331µV 0 1656...

Page 84: ...ta rate it is possible that users get multiple identical data before a new conversion has completed A Data Refreshed bit in the raw data see Section 4 2 10 indicates whether AI data has been updated or not since its last fast polling data transfer This bit helps to save computation power which allows the close loop control algorithm update to control outputs only when new data arrives Bus masterin...

Page 85: ...o link non continuous memory blocks into a linked list so users can transfer large amounts of data without being limited by memory limitations In non scatter gather mode the maximum DMA data transfer size is 2 MB double words 8 MB bytes in scatter gather mode there is no limitation on DMA data transfer size except the physical storage capacity of your system Users can also link descriptor nodes ci...

Page 86: ...etected on the selected trigger source There are five trigger sources in PCI 9524 includ ing software SSI AD Trigger Isolated Digital Input Pulse Compar ator and Position Comparator You must select one of them as the source of the trigger event Post Trigger Acquisition Use post trigger acquisition in applications where you want to col lect data after a trigger event The number of scans after the t...

Page 87: ...0V 0xFFFF 10V 1 65536 0x8000 10V The D A is designed to have 0 5 over range used for internal digital calibration Therefore there are approximately 327 codes being traded at the extreme ends of the D A transfer function While the transfer function remains linear after calibration code mapping is required to have calibrated output voltages Using the supplied API and software routines will do the re...

Page 88: ...ase B waveform This provides four times the resolution of angular linear displacement as shown in Figure 4 8 Figure 4 8 X4 Encoder mode The decoder has a built in position comparator that generates an AD trigger signal whenever the count value matches the user specified one The PCI 9524 has an internal power supply for powering the external encoders and their output stages The default output volt ...

Page 89: ... by user s application The pulse frequency and duty cycle can be programmed through a windows API although most servo amplifiers accept a 50 duty cycle as default Servo amplifiers using opto coupler input stages generally accept as high as 500 kHz pulses per second For higher speed pulse command applications use servo amplifiers with differential line receivers Use twisted pair wiring for high spe...

Page 90: ...stages However when connecting to inductive loads be sure to utilize the built in fly wheel diodes to prevent sink drivers from being destroyed by kick back voltage Follow the sig nal connection illustrated in Figure 3 15 when connecting to induc tive loads 4 7 Trigger Sources PCI 9524 supports four trigger sources including software trigger external digital trigger pulse comparator trigger and po...

Page 91: ...ition accepts a new trigger after the specified number of samples has been readily acquired else the trigger signal is ignored Figure 4 9 External digital trigger 4 7 3 Pulse Comparator Trigger The pulse command generator has a built in pulse comparator that generates an AD trigger signal when the number of pulses generated has reached a user specified threshold This trigger can be used whenever u...

Page 92: ... accepts a new trigger and re starts after the specified number of samples has been readily acquired else the trigger signal is ignored 4 7 4 Position Comparator Trigger The quadrate decoder has a built in position comparator that gen erates an AD trigger signal whenever the counter value matches the user specified one that is when the movement displacement crosses a physical point set by user Thi...

Page 93: ...he on board EEPROM ADKLINK provides a software utility for reading the calibration constants automatically if necessary There is a dedicated space for storing calibration constants in the EEPROM In addition to the default bank of factory calibration con stants there are three more user utilization banks That means users can load TrimDAC firmware values either from the original factory calibration ...

Page 94: ...cannot be modified When you re cali brate the device software stores new constants in a user modifi able section of the EEPROM To return a device to its initial factory calibration settings software copies the factory calibrated con stants to the user modifiable section of the EEPROM After an auto calibration is completed users can save the new calibration constants into the user modifiable banks ...

Page 95: ...ing removing equipment Z Turn off power and unplug any power cords cables X To avoid electrical shock and or damage to equipment Z Keep equipment away from water or liquid sources Z Keep equipment away from high heat or high humidity Z Keep equipment properly ventilated do not block or cover ventilation openings Z Make sure to use recommended voltage and power source settings Z Always install and ...

Page 96: ...wer X Equipment must be serviced by authorized technicians when Z The power cord or plug is damaged Z Liquid has penetrated the equipment Z It has been exposed to high humidity moisture Z It is not functioning or does not function according to the user s manual Z It has been dropped and or damaged and or Z It has an obvious sign of breakage CAUTION RISK OF EXPLOSION IF BATTERY IS REPLACED BY AN IN...

Page 97: ...factory X Peripherals and third party products not manufactured by ADLINK will be covered by the original manufacturers war ranty X For products containing storage devices hard drives flash cards etc please back up your data before sending them for repair ADLINK is not responsible for any loss of data X Please ensure the use of properly licensed software with our systems ADLINK does not condone th...

Page 98: ...umidity or volatile chemi cals X Damage caused by leakage of battery fluid during or after change of batteries by customer user X Damage from improper repair by unauthorized technicians X Products with altered and or damaged serial numbers are not entitled to our service X This warranty is not transferable or extendable X Other categories not protected under our warranty 4 Customers are responsibl...

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