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Page 11  

 

Basic description of the Transformer Monitor 

LEREF  "Verzeichnis Ueberschrift"  \* MERGEFORMAT Index 

Fehler! Verwenden Sie die Registerkarte 'Start', um Verzeichnis Ueberschrift 
dem Text zuzuweisen, der hier angezeigt werden soll.

Inhaltsverz 

 

 

Block diagram of the hot-spot calculation and the cooling stage control 

 

Figure 3: 

 

Block diagram 

 
K 

 
: 

 
Load factor = I / IN 

 
Θ

h

 

 
: 

 
Hot-spot temperature 

Θ

0

  :  Oil temperature (measured) 

Θ

hp

  :  Expected hot-spot temperature 

H

gr

  :  Hot-spot to top-oil gradient 

Y 

:  Winding exponent 

∆Θ

h

  :  Hot-spot temperature increase 

 

   

 

 

 

Figure 4: 

 

Oil temperature measurement diagram 

If a temperature transducer has already been allocated to measure the oil temperature, the 
oil temperature can be fed into the controller as mA input. If necessary, the PT100 temper-
ature sensors can also be connected directly in a three-wire circuit. 

Summary of Contents for REG-D

Page 1: ...Operating Manual Transformer Monitor Feature TM1 of REG DTM Feature T1 of REG DA Transformer Monitoring Module TMM for upgrade g ISSUE August 2016 ...

Page 2: ...4 2 1 Winding currents and winding temperature 15 4 2 2 Oil level TC Transformer 15 4 2 3 Overload Prediction 15 4 2 4 4 3 Service life 16 Operating hours 1 16 4 3 1 Operating hours 2 17 4 3 2 Loss of life IEC 18 4 3 3 4 4 Statistics 20 5 SETUP 21 5 1 SETUP 1 Regulation 21 Transformer Parameters 21 5 1 1 Regulation base 24 5 1 2 Temperature limits 24 5 1 3 Programming Setup of the control inputs a...

Page 3: ...nt 37 5 6 1 Gas in Oil Total gas in Oil content 37 5 6 2 H2 Hydrogen in Oil content 38 5 6 3 CO Carbon Monoxide in Oil content 38 5 6 4 5 7 SETUP 6 Lifetime 39 Lifetime Transformer 39 5 7 1 Lifetime Tap changer 40 5 7 2 Lifetime Oil pump 40 5 7 3 Lifetime Fan 41 5 7 4 5 8 SETUP 7 Overload 41 Max Winding temperature 41 5 8 1 Time to max temperature 41 5 8 2 6 Retrofit of analogue channels only REG ...

Page 4: ...nstallation and operation of the system 1 2 Warnings Structure of the warnings Warnings are structured as follows SIGNAL WORD Nature and source of the danger Consequences in the event of non observance Actions to avoid the danger Types of warnings Warnings are distinguished by the type of danger they are warning against DANGER Warns of an immediately impending danger that can result in death or se...

Page 5: ... numbered lists 1 List level 1 2 List level 1 1 List level 2 2 List level 2 1 5 Applicable documentation For the safe and correct use of the product observe the additional documentation that is delivered with the device software as well as the relevant standards and laws 1 6 Storage Store the user manual including the supplied documentation readily accessible near the device 2 Scope of delivery 0 ...

Page 6: ...ice only with cleaning products that comply with the manufacturer s specifications Use only spare parts and auxiliary materials that have been approved by the manufac turer Maintenance and repair of an open REG D A Relay for Voltage Control Transformer Monitoring plug in module without housing must only be carried out by authorised qualified personnel and must satisfy EMC Directives No supply or c...

Page 7: ...nt that runs through the windings and the oil temperature The latter can be fed into the REG D A as a mA signal or directly as a PT100 signal Appropriate input modules are available for both types of signals The appropriate analogue input channels must be available in order to record the fill levels and other quantities such as humidity H2 or the oil s CO content These channels can be also added t...

Page 8: ...T Index Fehler Verwenden Sie die Registerkarte Start um Verzeichnis Ueberschrift We take care of it The following SCADA protocols are available 0 IEC 61850 0 IEC 60870 5 101 0 IEC 60870 5 103 0 IEC 60870 5 104 0 DNP 3 0 DNP 3 0 over Ethernet 0 MODBUS RTU TCP 0 SPABUS 0 PROFIBUS Figure 1 Signal diagram ...

Page 9: ...rature between the hot spot in the winding and the oil temperature at the top of the tank is specified as constant Hgr hot spot to top oil gradient Studies have shown that the factor H can vary between 1 0 and 2 1 based on the size short circuit impedance and winding design of the trans former The abbreviations used in the diagram are explained below Measured values are indicated by a solid square...

Page 10: ...and characteristic values of the transformer are put into the equation to obtain a thermal image of the transformer This enables the service life consumption of the insulation and the hot spot temperatures to be calculated The transformer s temperature can be controlled by connecting fans in six stages two oil pumps and a heater The fans are controlled automatically based on the oil winding or pre...

Page 11: ...d factor I IN Θh Hot spot temperature Θ0 Oil temperature measured Θhp Expected hot spot temperature Hgr Hot spot to top oil gradient Y Winding exponent Θh Hot spot temperature increase Figure 4 Oil temperature measurement diagram If a temperature transducer has already been allocated to measure the oil temperature the oil temperature can be fed into the controller as mA input If necessary the PT10...

Page 12: ...emperature function enables up to six groups of fans two oil pumps and a heater to be connected Figure 5 Diagram of the oil temperature measurement in the tap changer If the oil temperature in the tap changer vessel is also to be recorded a second mA or PT100 input must be available Figure 6 Fill level determination diagram The fill levels of the transformer and or tap changer can also be recorded...

Page 13: ...ox software If the REG D A is ordered directly with the Transformer Monitoring feature order feature T or TM then there is no additional key code necessary The function is then already enabled at delivery To release the Transformer Monitor on an existing REG D A it s not automatically neces sary to do a firmware upgrade This depends on the already installed firmware version But in most cases it ma...

Page 14: ...ected to regulate the temperature the fan and the oil pump control The winding temperature is displayed when either the Smart Fan Control SFC or the winding temperature is selected as the basis for the temperature control Based on the model trans formers are equipped with several fan groups Since the fans are similar in terms of their cooling performance a greater cooling performance is achieved b...

Page 15: ...p changer can only be displayed if the controller is supplied with the corresponding sensor data from the transformer and the tap changer In the simplest case the fill level is supplied to the controller as an analogue signal Scaling is done from the menu The bar flashes when the limits are exceeded In addition the level alarm is available as relay and LED output function as well as SCADA indicati...

Page 16: ... 5 menu Functions F1 In this case the tap changer s service life counter is incremented by the preset time when the controller issues a control command The transformer s operating hours are recorded by default if a voltage on the secondary page is set to Transformer in operation This approach can produce incorrect results see Figure 7 based on the location of the voltage transducer In any case mea...

Page 17: ...wing at the time of the changeover whereas time t can be entered for a specific tap changer It should be noted that the changeover time is very difficult to determine accurately and is also not constant over the life of the changer But the accumulation of I2 t provides a way to capture the qualitative condition of the tap changer If time t is set to 1 the sum of product I2 t is only I2 If the oil ...

Page 18: ...y tests on the insulators T Thermodynamic temperature in K In the 80 140 C temperature range the Arrhenius equation can be replaced with the slightly simpler Montsinger relationship P Constant Θ Temperature in C According to scientific publications a transformer s service life consumption doubles in the 80 to 140 C range when the temperature increases by about 6 K Another equation can be used to d...

Page 19: ...28 0 Example 10 hours at 104 C and 14 hours at 86 C consume 10 h x 2 14 h x 0 25 23 5 hours dur ing an operation period of 24 hours Note that the service life consumption is negligible below 80 C When the load and ambient temperature are constant the relative service life consumption is calculated with the relationship V x t t is the time under load and V is the relative ser vice life consumption ...

Page 20: ... usually indicates that either the permissible deviation or the time factor for the control is not optimally adjusted An improvement in the settings leads to a reduction of the switching operations and there fore to longer maintenance intervals under certain circumstances The situation shown above can be analyzed as follows 0 The tap changer was in operation 65 times in total where only 26 switchi...

Page 21: ... used for the rated current when measuring the primary current The rated current displayed in this menu must not be confused with the rated value of the current that is used to measure tasks in the controller SETUP 5 F2 et sq There the rated current is configured as 1 A or 5 A For transformer monitoring the nomi nal value of the current is the maximum current a transformer can be subjected to with...

Page 22: ...re increase Hot Spot Incr is a transformer specific parameter and can generally be taken from the transformer s data sheet You may need to contact the manufacturer If manufacturer data is not available for Hgr use the values specified in the IEC standard The standard indicates that different values should be used for the hot spot temperature Hgr based on the type of cooling used for medium and lar...

Page 23: ... 0 2 0 1 45 1 3 1 0 Constant IEC 60076 7 k22 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 Winding time constant w min 4 10 10 7 7 7 7 7 Table 1 IEC standard settings for monitoring parameters The information limited oil flow in the above shown table is related to the oil flow through the winding If a winding of an ON or OF cooled transformer is zigzag cooled a ra dial spacer thickness of less than 3 mm might c...

Page 24: ... ture is calculated and used to control the cooling Temperature limits 5 1 3 Individual limit values can be configured for each cooling stage the heating and the oil pumps The number of menus depends on how many cooling stages are configured and whether a cooling mode with forced circulation is selected see the section SETUP 2 The respective cooling stage is activated when the temperature exceeds ...

Page 25: ...peration indication signal The Buchholz Alarm and Buchholz Trigger signals must be supplied to the controller by a separate Buchholz relay and can then be transmitted to a higher level control system through a corresponding SCADA The following Transformer Monitor specific output functions are available The output functions are available for relays as well as for LEDs Output function Description 27...

Page 26: ...fan group to a particular re lay output must be carried out using the Relay Assignment function on the regulator menu Setup can be done very comfortable using the WinREG in future AE Toolbox software The setup procedure of a few relay outputs using combinations of front panel keys on the regulator is described below Example To program the regulator as follows 0 The Oil pump should be controlled by...

Page 27: ... tap changer water contents gas in oil etc can be input to the regulator as mA signals Each REG DTM regulator can be equipped with up to three analogue modules each of which can in turn be equipped with either two analogue inputs or two analogue outputs The REG DA can have up to eight analogue inputs and up to seven analogue outputs How ever the number of channels required must be specified at the ...

Page 28: ...mperature measurement device like the REG FO The following Transformer Monitor specific output functions are available Output function Description 19 oOilTp TR Oil temperature of the transformer 20 oWindTemp Winding temperature Analogue channel function 01 ANA The input function 01 ANA is always selected when a non standard measured quantity is used In principle any arbitrary measured quantity tha...

Page 29: ...0 AF Stands for Air Forced meaning that the transformer has fans Limited oil flow The following options are available 0 Yes 0 No This parameter is used in accordance with IEC 60076 It takes into account that the trans former has a limited oil flow by design see also chapter 5 1 1 5 The manufacturer can tell you if the transformer has a limited oil flow as described in the IEC standard Setup the pa...

Page 30: ...OF and ON OD are activated IEC Formula The following options are available 0 IEC 60354 0 IEC 60076 The parameter determines the algorithm used to calculate the hot spot temperature Fan assignment 5 3 2 To enable users to assign a specific fan to a cooling stage or let the system decide which fan to activate for a cooling stage the Transformer Monitor offers the choice between 0 fixed and 0 cyclica...

Page 31: ...here the current is measured from If Secondary is chosen the current that is connected to the first current measurement in put is used for the calculation If primary is selected the current at the second current measurement input is selected Primary can only be used if the three winding feature is activated with hardware characteristic M9 Furthermore the current required to calculate the hot spot ...

Page 32: ...ing time in the range of 0 02 to 0 06 s Press F5 to enter the switching time for the tap changer Press Enter to confirm the entry 5 4 SETUP 3 Alarm SETUP 3 is accessed by pressing the arrow or F1 in SETUP 2 Use F2 F5 to access other submenus in which limits switching delays and hysteresis can be selected Since the logic of the submenus is the same the descrip tion of the individual screens is shor...

Page 33: ...ng range 0 900 s 5 4 1 3 Hysteresis Defines the hysteresis for the switching point Setting range 1 30 K Oil level TC 5 4 2 Minimum value Defines the switch on point for the Oil level too low alarm signal Setting range 0 150 Maximum value Defines the switch on point for the Oil level too high alarm signal Setting range 0 150 Switching delay Defines the switch on delay for the alarm signal Setting r...

Page 34: ...ints Setting range 1 30 Oil level transformer 5 4 3 Minimum value Defines the switch on point for the Oil level too low alarm signal Setting range 0 150 Maximum value Defines the switch on point for the Oil level too high alarm signal Setting range 0 150 Switching delay Defines the switch on delay for the alarm signal Setting range 0 900 s Hysteresis Defines the hysteresis for both switching point...

Page 35: ...tup 4 the limits for oil temperature alarm winding tem perature alarm and the winding temperature trip can be ad justed Oil temperature Alarm 5 5 1 Limit value Defines the switch on point for the alarm signal Setting range 0 150 C Switching delay Defines the switch on delay for the alarm signal Setting range 0 900 s Hysteresis Defines the hysteresis for the switching point Setting range 1 30 K ...

Page 36: ...ng range 0 200 C Switching delay Defines the switch on delay for the alarm signal Setting range 0 900 s Hysteresis Defines the hysteresis for the switching point Setting range 1 30 K Winding temperature Trip 5 5 3 Limit value Defines the switch on point for the alarm signal Setting range 0 200 C Switching delay Defines the switch on delay for the alarm signal Setting range 0 900 s Hysteresis Defin...

Page 37: ...il gas in oil H2 in oil and CO in oil can be set Water in Oil content 5 6 1 Limit value Defines the switch on point for the alarm signal Setting range 0 1000000 ppm Switching delay Defines the switch on delay for the alarm signal Setting range 0 900 s Hysteresis Defines the hysteresis for the switching point Setting range 1 100000 ppm Gas in Oil Total gas in Oil content 5 6 2 Limit value Defines t...

Page 38: ...resis for the switching point Setting range 1 100000 ppm H2 Hydrogen in Oil content 5 6 3 Limit value Defines the switch on point for the alarm signal Setting range 0 1000000 ppm Switching delay Defines the switch on delay for the alarm signal Setting range 0 900 s Hysteresis Defines the hysteresis for the switching point Setting range 1 100000 ppm CO Carbon Monoxide in Oil content 5 6 4 Limit val...

Page 39: ...ring system is installed on a transformer that is al ready in service This menu can also be used to set the Service life parameter when individual devices are replaced Lifetime Transformer 5 7 1 Operating time maximal Press F3 to enter the expected maximum service life see the manufacturer s data Setting range 0 999999 h Operating time mom This is where the current operating hours for the transfor...

Page 40: ...ess F4 to enter the expected maximum service life see the manufacturer s data Setting range 0 999999 h Operating time mom The Current operating hours parameter is important if the system is not installed at the same time as the tap changer Both parameters may need to be adjusted in conjunction with revisions Setting range 0 999999 h Lifetime Oil pump 5 7 3 After entering the menu there are the set...

Page 41: ...njunction with revisions of the fans Setting range 0 999999 h Operating time mom Press F5 to enter the current age of the fans Setting range 0 999999 h 5 8 SETUP 7 Overload SETUP 7 is accessed by pressing the arrow or F1 in SETUP 6 The overload parameters are set in Setup 7 Max Winding temperature 5 8 1 The parameter Max winding temperature specifies the limit value for the winding temperature use...

Page 42: ...can also take place If the housing rack already has wiring for analogue channels the analogue channels can be upgraded based on the following description The REG D has a total of three slots for analogue modules Numbering of the slots is always from top to bottom That is the first module upper is recognized by the firmware as channel 1 and 2 The middle slot accepts channels 3 and 4 and the lowest ...

Page 43: ...ect channel assignment of the analogue channels insert the REG D in the correct direction on the pad That is so you can read the indicator plates The individual printed circuit boards are then placed vertically The analogue modules are plugged on the CPU board which is located on the far right as seen from the front over the display The analogue modules themselves are plugged into the correspondin...

Page 44: ...erted into the housing The analogue channels are automatically detected by the firmware after you restart the de vice and can then be configured via the menu Setup 6 General Analog or the configuration software WinREG in future AE Toolbox Please note that the analogue channels can only be used directly as of firmware version 2 00 With older firmware versions a background program is necessary For q...

Page 45: ...are available for analogue inputs and outputs ANA D as well as for binary inputs and outputs BIN D It is also possible to communicate directly with other devices through the COM3 Modbus converter 7 1 Additional inputs and outputs The ANA D interface card can be supplied with either eight analogue inputs or eight ana logue outputs It is not possible to combine inputs and outputs on one card Figure ...

Page 46: ...gisterkarte Start um Verzeichnis Ueberschrift We take care of it The BIN D interface card can be supplied with either eight relay outputs or sixteen optically decoupled binary inputs Figure 10 Hardware extension via BIN D ANA D and BIN D interface cards can be combined on COM3 as desired Figure 11 Hardware extension via ANA D and BIN D ...

Page 47: ...n with any sensor or device that supports the Modbus RTU protocol slave This enables temperature gas in oil and ambi ent measurements to be directly recorded and processed Conversion to a mA Signal is no longer necessary The recorded data can be used and recorded for monitoring and of course transferred to the SCADA system COM3 MODBUS RS 485 ...

Page 48: ... PT 100 sensor in a three wire circuit 8 1 Accuracy considerations From a measurement standpoint the accuracy of the hot spot temperature recording is es sentially influenced by the oil temperature measurement Calculating the hot spot temperature from the measured oil temperature does not intro duce any additional errors The measuring chain Error determination Assuming that the error in the resist...

Page 49: ...3 years If the regulator is modified in a non authorised place no claims will be accepted However if the regulator is returned to A Eberle for modification the guarantee remains intact 10 Test report A test report of the Measuring the hot spot temperature and Determining the reduction in lifetime basic functions is available at A Eberle GmbH Co KG If you are interested in this test report please con...

Page 50: ...Page 50 Page 50 Notes LEREF Verzeichnis Ueberschrift MERGEFORMAT Index Fehler Verwenden Sie die Registerkarte Start um Verzeichnis Ueberschrift We take care of it Notes ...

Page 51: ...Notes Page 51 ...

Page 52: ...aße 160 D 90461 Nuremberg Germany Tel 49 0 911 62 81 08 0 Fax 49 0 911 62 81 08 96 E Mail info a eberle de http www a eberle de Copyright by A Eberle GmbH Co KG Subject to change without prior notice Article no 584 0791 FW 2 23 3 23 ...

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