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Installation Guide: Z
OOM
A
IR
AP11
Two other classes of addresses occupy the remainder of the address
space from 224 - 247: Class D (used for IP multicasting) and Class E
(reserved for experimental use).
IP networks use a netmask (also known as a subnet mask) to indicate
which portion of the address is used for the network address and
which portion is used for the host address. In the mask, every bit that
is dedicated to the network address is set to one; every bit dedicated to
the host address is set to zero. The subnet masks for Class A, B, and C
networks are shown below:
Class
Subnet Mask for a Network
with no Subnets
A
Binary:
11111111.00000000.00000000.00
000000
Dotted Decimal: 255.0.0.0
8-bit
net
mask
B
Binary:
11111111.11111111.00000000.00
000000
Dotted Decimal: 255.255.0.0
16-bit
net
mask
C
Binary:
11111111.11111111.11111111.00
000000
Dotted Decimal: 255.255.255.0
24-bit
net
mask
IP Subnetting
Dividing IP address space into classes enables the construction of an
efficient hierarchy of Internet routers designed to direct packets
to
their destination organization. Likewise, IP subnetting allows network
administrators to partition their own Class A, B, or C address space in
a similar way. Subnetting makes networks more manageable, reliable,
and efficient.
When a network is subnetted, some of the bits that would otherwise
be used for host address information (the rightmost bits) are dedicated
to subnet information. The netmask (or subnet mask) is revised so
that all bits dedicated to network or subnet information contain a
binary 1. Those bits that are to identify a host are set to a binary 0. IP
networks that are physically connected together and share a single
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