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Recommended Mode of Installation New System Design
The following is an attempt to go over some basic physics of White Knight pumps
so that care may be taken in the design phase of equipment or applications
wherein White Knight pumps are used. Following the principles described in this
document will ensure the most practical and reliable installation of White Knight
pumps, though it is understood that the ideal mode may not always be possible.
Several principles should be understood before proceeding.
SUCTION LIFT:
Any air driven pump pushes better than it lifts. This means
that if you have to move liquid up ten feet, that the pump will move more liquid
faster (and in most cases the pump will be more reliable) if the pump is
installed at liquid level and is allowed to push the liquid up the ten feet.
Rather than being installed at the ten foot level to lift liquid up to the delivery
level. The same should be said for long runs. The best installation is with the
pump as near the source as possible.
RESTRICTION OF LIQUID INLET LINE:
Restricting the liquid supply of the
pump causes the pump to work harder and should be avoided when possible,
particularly in the event of pumping more viscous liquids.
UNDER SUPPLY OF OPERATIONAL AIR:
Under supplying of air to an air
driven pump can cause a pump to run erratically. Air driven pumps vary
throughout the cycle as to how much air they require. Though the rate of air
usage is averaged for air usage charts, if the bare minimum air supply (as
shown on the charts) is provided, there are fractions of seconds during a
cycle where a pump would be “starved” for air. This could cause a pump to
run erratically or to stall. In many instances, it could affect the ability of the
pump to self-prime. White Knight publishes the size of air line orifice for all of
its pumps to avoid this situation. These sizes are listed on the “Warning”
sheet shipped out with every pump and included in this manual.
DRY RUNNING:
While the consequences vary from model or brand of air
driven pump, it is always best to limit the amount of dry running that the pump
is required to perform. The worst case is in the instance of pumps with
wetted shafts such as the White Knight AT, AP, APFM, and Renaissance
series as well as some other brands of air driven pumps. Pumps with wetted
shafts use the liquid that they are pumping to lubricate the shaft and seals.
When these pumps are run dry, they are not receiving sufficient lubrication to
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