OPERATIONAL FEATURES
Converter Operation Modes
Three-Stage Smart Charging
In order to maximize battery life, it is best to charge batteries slowly, keep them topped off
with a trickle-charge when the RV is not being used. The 3-Stage “smart” charger
continuously measures the battery voltage output and regulates the amount of charge
using three modes of operation; Absorption, Bulk and Float modes.
All WFCO power converters are automatic three-stage switching power supplies. The
converter senses which mode it needs to be in by checking the RV system voltage.
The converter normally provides a constant target output voltage of 13.6 VDC (nominal)
to power all the branch circuits. However, it is current limited, and if the output (load)
current reaches its maximum, the output voltage will drop as necessary to hold the
converter’s maximum output current level (the Amperage rating) without exceeding it.
If the output current reaches its maximum (normally caused by a discharged battery),
this will cause the converter to go into Bulk Mode, which means the target output voltage
will change to 14.4 VDC and a timer will start. Although the converter is outputting 14.4
VDC, you will not be able to read that on a voltmeter due to the voltage-current
relationship. From the paragraph above, as load current increases, output voltage
decreases. The actual output voltage will not rise until the load current is reduced, which
happens naturally as the battery charges or if 12 VDC appliances are turned off.
Bulk Mode will be maintained until the current draw drops to approximately five Amps,
or until the timer reaches four hours (whichever happens first). Then the target output
voltage is changed back to 13.6 VDC for Absorption Mode. Lights that are powered from
the output may change brightness slightly at that tim
Note:
For a detailed explanation of the charging modes, please refer to our publication
“Theory of Operation”, document #AD-TD-0001-0.
TROUBLESHOOTING INSTRUCTIONS
Figure 3
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