S2054 Tomcat i810
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ATX
form factor was designed to replace the AT form factor. It improves on
the AT design by rotating the board ninety degrees, so that the IDE connec-
tors are closer to the drive bays, and the CPU is closer to the power supply
and cooling fan. The keyboard, mouse, serial, USB, and parallel ports are built
in.
Bandwidth
refers to carrying capacity. The greater the bandwidth, the more
data the bus, phone line, or other electrical path, can carry. Greater bandwidth,
then, also results in greater speed.
A
BBS
(
B
ulletin
B
oard
S
ystem) is a computer system with a number of
modems hooked up to it which acts as a center for users to post messages and
access information.
The
BIOS
(
B
asic
I
nput/
O
utput
S
ystem) program resides in the ROM chip, and
provides the basic instructions for controlling your computers hardware. Both
the operating system and application software use BIOS routines to ensure
compatibility.
A
buffer
is a portion of RAM which is used to temporarily store data, usually
from an application, though it is also used when printing, and in most key-
board drivers. The CPU can manipulate data in a buffer before copying it, all at
once, to a disk drive. While this improves system performance--reading to or
writing from a disk drive a single time is much faster than doing so repeatedly--
there is the possibility of losing your data should the system crash. Informa-
tion stored in a buffer is temporarily stored, not permanently saved.
A
bus
is a data pathway. The term is used especially to refer to the connection
between the processor and system memory, and between the processor and
PCI or ISA local buses.
Bus mastering
allows peripheral devices and IDEs to access the system
memory without going through the CPU (similar to DMA channels).
A
cache
is a temporary storage area for data that will be needed often by an
application. Using a cache lowers data access times, since the needed informa-
tion is stored in the SRAM instead of in the slower DRAM. Note that the
cache is also much smaller than your regular memory: a typical cache size is
512KB, while you may have as much as 1GB of regular memory.
Cache size
refers to the physical size of the cache onboard. This should not
be confused with the cacheable area, which is the total amount of memory
GLOSSAR
Y
