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9 Welding Process
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9
Welding Process
Stud welding with a drawn arc process is divided into drawn-arc stud welding with
ceramic ferrule and drawn-arc stud welding with shielding gas. This stud welding
unit must be used exclusively for stud welding with drawn arc. A ceramic ferrule or
shielding gas is not required.
The face of a stud-shaped welding element and the opposite surface of the
workpiece are molten by an arc. Stud welding is suitable for the welding of joining
elements across the entire cross-section, mainly using pin-shaped metallic welding
elements with metallic workpieces.
The various processes of arc stud welding are distinguished by:
– The method of weld pool protection (shielding gas - SG, ceramic ferrule -
CF or no protection - NP)
– The length of welding time (standard ARC or short-cycle drawn-arc
stud welding - SC)
–
The energy source (welding rectifier supplied by mains, inverter,
capacitor battery).
Drawn-Arc Stud Welding
The STAUFF stud welding unit operates by process of ‘arc stud welding with drawn-
arc ignition’ according to the current standards. The standards assign this method
of joining pin-shaped elements with plane workpieces to the so called ‘Arc Pressure
Welding’ (code BH).
Joining is carried out in plastic or liquefied condition of the welding zone. The pro
-
cess can be carried out mechanically or automatically, depending on the used wel-
ding guns/welding heads.
Generally, the positive pole of the stud welding unit is connected to the workpiece.
The welding element is manually or automatically inserted into the chuck of the
welding gun or of the welding head. Then it is placed onto the workpiece - possibly
equipped with a ceramic ferrule (does not apply for STAUFF welding studs). (See
figure,
position 1
) When the button of the welding gun is triggered, the automated
welding process starts, which works as follows: