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Board description

AN2744

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5.1

Line coupling interface

The line coupling interface is composed of three different filters: the dual channel Tx passive
filter, the dual channel Rx passive filter and the dual channel Rx active filter. The coupling
interface structure is represented in

.

All three filters are described in

Section 5.1.2

,

Section 5.1.3

Section 5.1.3

For each

filter, calculations and measured frequency responses are given.

The filters are quite sensitive to the components' value tolerance. Actual components used
in the ST7538Q dual channel reference design have the following tolerances:

●

+/- 10% for coils and for the X2 capacitor

●

+/- 1% for SMD resistors

●

+/- 5% for SMD ceramic capacitors

To evaluate sensitivity to the tolerances indicated above, the following sections include
simulated responses of the filters with Montecarlo statistical analysis. Statistical simulation
helps to understand the relationship between tolerance of components' value and variations

Figure 9.

Schematic of Rx and Tx filters

Tx PASSIVE FILTER

Rx
PASSIVE
FILTER

Rx ACTIVE FILTER

CMINUS

5V

C15

100nF

COUT

R15
5K1

R14

5K1

ACT_IN

CPLUS

ATOP1

ATOP2

ACT_IN

CH2

P

N

3

1

2

Q2

2N7002

CH2

R8

330

RAI

3

1

2

JP2

CLOSE 2-3

NEG_CH2

JP1

LEAVE OPENED

1

2

6

4

U2

LCA710

R17

1M

L5

100 uH

R10

100K

C11

270pF

R13

5K1

R9

1K2

R12

680

C12

270pF

3

1

2

Q4

2N7002

R16

1M

3

1

2

D7

ESDA6V1L

3

1

2

JP3

CLOSE 2-3

C16

4.7nF

C20

10nF

L7
330uH

R18

330

C29

150 nF

D6

SM6T6V8CA

1

8

4

5

T2

LINE TRANSFORMER

C28
100nF X2

L6

68 uH

C27

56 nF

R21

3.3

C14

10 nF

Tx PASSIVE FILTER

Rx
PASSIVE
FILTER

Rx ACTIVE FILTER

CMINUS

5V

C15

100nF

COUT

R15
5K1

R14

5K1

ACT_IN

CPLUS

ATOP1

ATOP2

ACT_IN

CH2

P

N

3

1

2

Q2

2N7002

CMINUS

5V

C15

100nF

COUT

R15
5K1

R14

5K1

ACT_IN

CPLUS

ATOP1

ATOP2

ACT_IN

CH2

P

N

3

1

2

Q2

2N7002

CH2

R8

330

RAI

3

1

2

JP2

CLOSE 2-3

NEG_CH2

JP1

LEAVE OPENED

1

2

6

4

U2

LCA710

R17

1M

L5

100 uH

R10

100K

C11

270pF

R13

5K1

R9

1K2

R12

680

C12

270pF

3

1

2

CH2

R8

330

RAI

3

1

2

JP2

CLOSE 2-3

NEG_CH2

JP1

LEAVE OPENED

1

2

6

4

U2

LCA710

R17

1M

L5

100 uH

R10

100K

C11

270pF

R13

5K1

R9

1K2

R12

680

C12

270pF

3

1

2

Q4

2N7002

R16

1M

3

1

2

D7

ESDA6V1L

3

1

2

JP3

CLOSE 2-3

C16

4.7nF

C20

10nF

L7
330uH

R18

330

C29

150 nF

D6

SM6T6V8CA

1

8

4

5

T2

LINE TRANSFORMER

C28
100nF X2

L6

68 uH

C27

56 nF

R21

3.3

C14

10 nF

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Содержание ST7538Q

Страница 1: ...esigned to coexist with power line communication and to operate from a wide range input mains voltage modem and crystal oscillator section dual channel line coupling interface section The dual channel...

Страница 2: ...1 4 Dual channel Rx active filter 27 5 1 5 Input impedance 29 5 2 Conducted disturbances 31 5 2 1 Conducted emissions 31 5 2 2 Noise immunity 33 5 3 Thermal design 36 5 4 Oscillator section 38 5 5 Su...

Страница 3: ...AN2744 Contents 3 56 Appendix A Board layout 53 10 Revision history 55...

Страница 4: ...tive filter for 72 kHz channel typical 27 Figure 19 Measured frequency response of the Rx active filter for 86 kHz channel typical 28 Figure 20 Simulated frequency response of the Rx active filter for...

Страница 5: ...load 44 Figure 42 Typical waveforms at 265 VAC short circuit 44 Figure 43 Typical waveforms at 265 VAC startup 44 Figure 44 Load regulation 45 Figure 45 SMPS efficiency curve 45 Figure 46 Demonstratio...

Страница 6: ...ual channel reference design board 19 Table 5 Line coupling transformer specifications 22 Table 6 Noise immunity test settings 34 Table 7 50 pin connector digital signals 41 Table 8 50 pin connector c...

Страница 7: ...gure 2 Second harmonic distortion 55 dB Loaded with CISPR 16 1 network Third harmonic distortion 61 dB Loaded with CISPR 16 1 network 50 Hz attenuation 100 dB Receiving specifications Rx Mode Minimum...

Страница 8: ...hannel reference design continued Table 2 Output signal level setting through VSENSE partitioning typical values VOUT VRMS VOUT dBuVRMS R7 R8 R8 R7 k R8 k 1 000 120 1 25 0 910 2 2 1 125 121 1 4 1 3 2...

Страница 9: ...of the live parts should be touched immediately because of the energized capacitors It is mandatory to use a mains insulation transformer to perform any tests on the high voltage sections see circuit...

Страница 10: ...put voltage and current programmable time out function and thermal shutdown The reception section includes automatic input level control carrier preamble detection and band in use signaling Additional...

Страница 11: ...gh level an incoming signal at the RAI line is demodulated and converted to a digital bit stream on the RxD pin The internal control register which contains the operating parameters of the ST7538Q tra...

Страница 12: ...7538DUAL The correct procedure for connecting the EVALST7538DUAL and the EVALCOMMBOARD is as follows 1 Connect the EVALST7538DUAL and the EVALCOMMBOARD together 2 Connect the ac cable to the EVALST753...

Страница 13: ...t bit sequence as it has been transmitted This feature can be enabled in the Rx panel of the ST7538Q power line modem demonstration kit A bit synchronization can be introduced as a simpler feature by...

Страница 14: ...hown in Appendix A Figure 50 and Figure 51 Figure 6 Scheme of the various sections of the board ST7538Q Modem Section ST7538Q ST7538Q Modem Modem Section Section Dual Channel TX Passive Filter Dual Ch...

Страница 15: ...AN2744 Board description 15 56 Figure 7 Modem and coupling interface schematic...

Страница 16: ...Board description AN2744 16 56 Figure 8 Power supply schematic HIGH VOLTAGE SECTION...

Страница 17: ...0 V electrolytic Yageo SE K Nichicon VK 9 1 C6 2 2 nF Y2 TDK CD12E2GA222MYNS 10 1 C8 47 nF 11 3 C9 C17 C21 10 F TDK C3216X7R 1C106M 12 2 C11 C12 270 pF 13 5 C13 C15 C18 C19 C24 100 nF 14 2 C14 C26 10...

Страница 18: ...K 43 2 Q2 Q4 2N7002 44 1 Q3 BC857BL 45 1 R1 220 k 46 1 R2 1K5 47 1 R3 10R 1 W Metal oxide radial 48 1 R6 560 49 2 R8 R18 330 50 1 R9 1K2 51 1 R10 100 k 52 1 R11 4K7 53 1 R12 680 54 3 R13 R14 R15 5K1 5...

Страница 19: ...ST7538Q dual channel reference design board Value Description ST7538Q Power line transceiver VIPer12AS E SMPS controller switch STTH1L06A Ultrafast diode STPS1H100 Schottky diode SM6T6V8CA 6 8 V bidir...

Страница 20: ...ER Rx PASSIVE FILTER Rx ACTIVE FILTER CMINUS 5V C15 100nF COUT R15 5K1 R14 5K1 ACT_IN CPLUS ATOP1 ATOP2 ACT_IN CH2 P N 3 1 2 Q2 2N7002 CH2 R8 330 RAI 3 1 2 JP2 CLOSE 2 3 NEG_CH2 JP1 LEAVE OPENED 1 2 6...

Страница 21: ...have been accurately chosen to have high saturation current 1 A and low equivalent series resistance 0 5 to limit distortion and insertion losses R21 is intended to damp resonance to better control fi...

Страница 22: ...in at carrier frequency lower This effect leads to a loss of about 7 8 dB with a 5 load for both channels Table 5 Line coupling transformer specifications Parameter Value Turn Ratio 1 1 Magnetizing In...

Страница 23: ...asured frequency response of the Tx passive filter for 86 kHz channel typical 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 5 10 1E 04 1E 05 1E 06 Freq Hz Gain dB CISPR 5 load 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 5 10 1E 04 1E 05 1E...

Страница 24: ...equency and the quality factor of the filter can be expressed as Equation 3 The simplification done in Equation 3 is possible because R18 RL It s evident that the quality factor and then the filter se...

Страница 25: ...the transfer function it can be noticed that a higher Q can help to keep the losses small A high Q would bring to a higher sensitivity of the filter to tolerance of the components Figure 14 and Figure...

Страница 26: ...Rx passive filter for 86 kHz channel typical 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1E 04 1E 05 1E 06 Freq Hz Gain dB 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1E 04 1E 05 1E 06 Freq Hz Gain dB...

Страница 27: ...JP1 JP2 and JP3 in different ways The Rx path can include only the passive filter only the active filter both of them or even none no filtering Figure 18 and Figure 19 show the measured transfer func...

Страница 28: ...hannel typical 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1 0E 04 1 0E 05 1 0E 06 Freq Hz Gain dB 8 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1 0E 04 1 0E 05 1 0E 06 Freq Hz Gain dB Figure 20 Simulated frequency response of the Rx active f...

Страница 29: ...kHz 50 between 9 and 95 kHz only inside signal 20 dB bandwidth free for frequencies outside signal bandwidth 5 from 95 to 148 5 kHz Figure 21 Simulated frequency response of the Rx active filter for...

Страница 30: ...Impedance modulus EN50065 EN50065 7 7 1 10 100 1000 1E 04 1E 05 1E 06 Freq Hz Impedance modulus EN50065 EN50065 7 7 Figure 24 Measured input impedance magnitude of the coupling interface in Tx mode fo...

Страница 31: ...corresponds to a symbol 1 The output signal measured at the artificial network has a value of 120 dB V rms which means a 2 V rms signal on the mains output of the board The spectrum analyzer performs...

Страница 32: ...Output spectrum typical at 72 kHz channel mains 220 VAC fixed transmitted tone 1 EN50065 EN50065 1 1 30 0 40 0 50 0 60 0 70 0 80 0 90 0 100 0 110 0 120 0 130 0 1 0E 04 1 0E 05 1 0E 06 1 0E 07 1 0E 08...

Страница 33: ...injected into the artificial network through an AC coupling circuit Figure 29 illustrates the test environment used for noise immunity tests Figure 28 Output spectrum typical at 86 kHz channel mains...

Страница 34: ...resence of white noise It may be noted that a BER of 10 3 corresponds to a value of SNR which is a little higher than 12 dB as it can be expected for a non ideal FSK demodulator The curve of Figure 30...

Страница 35: ...odulated interferer with a fixed BER of 10 3 Figure 31 Measured SNR vs frequency curves typical at BER 10 3 72 kHz channel 45 0 40 0 35 0 30 0 25 0 20 0 15 0 10 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 10 0 30 40 50 60 70 80 90...

Страница 36: ...al shutdown circuitry turning off the power stage if the die temperature TJ surpasses 170 C it is recommended that TJ does not exceed 125 C to guarantee a safe condition for IC operation The relations...

Страница 37: ...the ICC value according to the load regulation curve of the power supply shown in Figure 44 on page 45 in Section 5 7 Considering the power consumption by receiving circuitry and linear regulators neg...

Страница 38: ...rcuit must be far away from noise sources such as power supply circuitry burst and surge protections mains coupling circuits any PCB track or via carrying a signal To properly shield and separate the...

Страница 39: ...cted ports include EN610000 4 4 electric fast transients EN610000 4 5 surges EN610000 4 6 RF out of band disturbances EN610000 4 11 voltage dips All these tests are listed in the EN50065 2 3 document...

Страница 40: ...8 and Table 9 Beside the ST7538Q input and output signals the link to the IBU communication board includes A 2 bit B_ID_PLM_1 and B_ID_PLM_0 Board Identification Code which identifies the hosted power...

Страница 41: ...nerated by 3 MCLK Oscillator output programmable ST7538Q 8 RESET Reset Out for microcontroller ST7538Q 11 REGOK Register OK signal ST7538Q 14 NEG_CH2 Secondary channel select active low C 18 CH2 Secon...

Страница 42: ...iccup mode The power supply is designed in isolated flyback configuration with secondary regulation by means of an optocoupler and a Zener diode considering the requested output tolerance for the spec...

Страница 43: ...eded to supply the VIPer12AS E The primary inductance has been chosen at 2 7 mH and the reflected voltage has been set to 80 V A layer type has been chosen with EF12 6 or E13 7 4 core The characterist...

Страница 44: ...BVDSS with a reasonable safety margin Finally load regulation is presented in Figure 42 and Figure 43 for different load conditions The voltage ranges from 10 V to 9 3 V within the requested tolerance...

Страница 45: ...than efficiency because a power line communication appliance has very restrictive electromagnetic disturbance limits and it s also highly sensitive to noise coming from the power supply Figure 44 Load...

Страница 46: ...al controls are included in the ping test Repetition control repetition can be used to improve reliability of the communication When enabled if a message is not responded by a slave it will be re sent...

Страница 47: ...mmunication 7 2 Received signal strength indication RSSI In many application fields measuring the strength of the incoming signal is useful to 1 evaluate the SNR signal to noise ratio at the node 2 ch...

Страница 48: ...the measured behavior of this circuit with a given pure sinusoidal waveform at the input The DC_OUT signal shall be converted by the application microcontroller through an integrated A D converter Fi...

Страница 49: ...suitable for home automation applications and in general for applications not subject to the European AMR regulations Table 12 gives the values for changing a few components to obtain a dual channel...

Страница 50: ...d to the AVSS signal ground Programmed carrier frequency must be present on both lines b Check that programmed board channel CH1 CH2 is matching the carrier frequency selected through the control regi...

Страница 51: ...Check if data are present on RxD pin 6 PROBLEM During a ping test or a transmission test the ST7538Q reference design board shows a high bit error rate Note This point refers to a half duplex communic...

Страница 52: ...naling on low voltage electrical installations in the frequency range 3 kHz to 148 5 kHz Part 1 General requirements frequency bands and electromagnetic disturbances Part 2 1 Immunity requirements Par...

Страница 53: ...AN2744 Board layout 53 56 Appendix A Board layout Figure 50 PCB layout top view...

Страница 54: ...Board layout AN2744 54 56 Figure 51 PCB layout bottom view...

Страница 55: ...AN2744 Revision history 55 56 10 Revision history Table 13 Document revision history Date Revision Changes 30 Apr 2008 1 Initial release...

Страница 56: ...NTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT UNLESS E...

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