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• Any type of serious infection less than 1 month prior to procedure.
• Malignancy where life expectancy was less than 2 years.
• Demonstrated intracardiac thrombi on echocardiography.
• Weight less than 8 kg.
• Inability to obtain informed consent.
• Patient with gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, bleeding disorders, etc., and other
contraindications to aspirin therapy unless other antiplatelet agents could not be
administered for 6 months.
Patients underwent physical examination that included heart murmur classification,
electrocardiogram, chest x-ray, and 2D color Doppler transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE).
Table 3. Patient Baseline Demographics
Variable
AMPLATZER™
Patients
Surgical Control Patients
p-value
Age (years)
Mean ± s.d.(N)
18.1 ±19.3 (442)
5.9 ±6.2 (154)
<0.001
[range]
[0.6, 82.0]
[0.6, 38.2]
Gender
Female
299/442 (67.6%)
94/154 (61.0%)
0.14
Male
143/442 (32.4%)
60/154 (39.0%)
Height (cm)
Mean ± s.d.(N)
134.6 ± 32.0 (440)
105.5 ± 26.9 (151)
<0.001
[range]
[58,188]
[60,178]
Weight (kg)
Mean ± s.d.(N)
42.3 ± 27.3 (440)
20.6 ± 15.2 (153)
<0.001
[range]
[6.3, 130
[4.8, 78.4]
Medical History
CHF
11/442 (2.5%)
7/154 (4.5%)
0.27
Failure to thrive
14/442 (3.2%)
13/154 (8.4%)
0.012
CAD
9/442 (2.0%)
0/154 (0%)
0.12
Respiratory infections
7/442 (1.6%)
13/154 (8.4%)
<0.001
TIA
6/442 (1.4%)
1/154 (0.6%)
0.68
COPD
1/442 (0.2%)
0/154 (0%)
1.00
Hypertension
16/442 (3.6%)
0/154 (0%)
0.016
Stroke
13/442 (2.9%)
0/154 (0%)
0.026
Recurrent strokes/TIAs
5/442 (1.1%)
1/154 (0.6%)
1.00
Diabetes
4/442 (0.9%)
0/154 (0%)
0.58
100092311_ASD.book Page 7 Monday, January 6, 2014 11:00 AM