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SnowPure Electropure EXL Series, Руководство по проектированию OEM

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 SNOWPURE, LLC, 2005-2018 

VERSION 3.5 (XL+EXL) 

–FEBRUARY 2018 

PAGE 72

 

Appendix #8:  EDI Power Consumption and Electrical Cost 

 
The  operating  cost  of  an  EDI  system  includes  the  cost  of  the  electrical  power 
supplied  to  the  EDI  system.    However,  at  all  times,  it  can  be  shown  that  the  total 
operating  cost  is  dominated  by  the  power  usage  of  the  RO  equipment.    Here  is  a 
sample energy cost calculation for an XL-500-R module: 
 
1.  

Power

 used by each module is a product of the DC voltage and DC current. 

 

DC Power (Watts) = Voltage (VDC) * Amperage (ADC) 

(e.g., XL-500-R) 600 W = 300 VDC * 2.0 Amps 

 

2.  There is some 

power loss

 at the power supply during the conversion from AC to 

DC.  Power supply efficiency is typically over 85% (15% losses). 
 

AC Power = DC Power / 90% 

0.7 kW = 600 W / 0.90 / 1000 

 
3.  

Energy

 used is the product of Power and Time. 

 

Energy (kWh) = AC Power (kWatts) /1000 * Hours 

6 kWh = 0.7 kW * 8 hrs 

 
4.  

Energy

 

Cost

 depends on the local utility rate (e.g., $0.12 per kW-hr).  Cost = 

Energy * Rate.  A typical XL-500-R module the energy costs under $1 per 8-hour 
period. 
 

Cost (8-hour period) 

Energy 

Rate 

$ 0.72 

6 kW-hr 

$ 0.12 /kW-hr 

€ 0.84 

6 kW-hr 

€ 0.14 /kW-hr 

 

5.  

Cost of energy used to produce a unit volume

 of pure water: 

 

Cost 

Volume 

Energy 

Rate 

$ 0.15 

1000 gallons 

1.2 kW-hr 

$ 0.12 /kW-hr 

€ 0.05 

1 m

3

 

0.3 kW-hr 

€ 0.14 /kW-hr 

 
 

 

Содержание Electropure EXL Series

Страница 1: ...L EXL Series EDI Contains information for the successful system engineering design installation operation and maintenance of SnowPure s Electropure XL and EXL EDI products by an OEM pure water system...

Страница 2: ...Kong Tel 1 858 692 0664 info snowpureintl com India Authorized Distributor Evergreen Technologies Pvt Ltd Tel 91 2201 2461 info evergreenindia com Japan Authorized Distributor AMP Ionex Mihama Tel 81...

Страница 3: ...1 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF THE ELECTROPURE EDI PROCESS 7 DETAILS OF THE ELECTROPURE EDI PROCESS 8 EDI MODEL SERIAL REMOVAL OF IONS 10 EFFECTS OF CONTAMINANTS IN EDI FEEDWATER 11 GLOSSARY OF TERMS 12 SNOWP...

Страница 4: ...R 5 WATER QUALITY OPTIMIZATION 31 FUNDAMENTALS 31 VOLTAGE DRIVING FORCE 31 CURRENT DENSITIES 31 IONIC BALANCES AND PH 32 AFFECTING THE LOCATION OF THE IONIC FRONT 32 CHAPTER 6 SYSTEM DESIGN SCHEMATICS...

Страница 5: ...RATION OF CONFORMITY 60 CHAPTER 15 APPENDICES 61 APPENDIX 1 ACID CLEANING PROCEDURE SCALE IN THE CONCENTRATE STREAM 61 APPENDIX 2 RESIN CLEANING PROCEDURE TOC IN THE FEED STREAM 63 APPENDIX 3 RESETTIN...

Страница 6: ...does not require shutdowns or changeovers Provides water of consistent quality EDI does not require chemicals as does DI resin regeneration Electropure EDI modules are the smallest and lightest per u...

Страница 7: ...SNOWPURE LLC 2005 2018 VERSION 3 5 XL EXL FEBRUARY 2018 PAGE 7 Electropure EDI TechnologyOverview Figure 1 Schematic Diagram of the Electropure EDI Process Figure 1 Electropure EDI Technology...

Страница 8: ...entrating chambers Thus as water moves through the purifying chambers it becomes free of ions This is the pure water product stream The RO feed to the Electropure EDI module is split into three separa...

Страница 9: ...are only influenced by force of the external DC potential The DC electrical field is applied via the anode and cathode arranged at either end of the stack The DC potential attracts or repels the adsor...

Страница 10: ...the feed water can negatively affect the deionization module and either require maintenance or lessen module lifetime Therefore the quality of the RO system and its pretreatment is critical EDIModel...

Страница 11: ...antity of easy ions to be removed ensuring a pH close to 7 0 and minimizing the quantity of HCO3 and CO2 in the RO product The second and third sections of the EDI module are known as the polishing be...

Страница 12: ...ure and pH Second since CO2 varies in charge depending on its pH and its removal by RO and EDI both depends on charge its removal efficiency varies Even low levels of CO2 below 5 ppm can affect the re...

Страница 13: ...gohm technically Megohm cm or M cm the unit of measurement typically used to quantify the ionic purity of product water produced by a deionization system It is a measurement of electrical resistance U...

Страница 14: ...equirements now also EP and JP that has been purified by membranes distillation ion exchange electrodeionization and other suitable processes typically from sourcewater complying with US EPA drinking...

Страница 15: ...logy filled cell not required Unique Acidic Concentrate prevents scaling No resins in concentrate to foul disadvantage of filled cell Unique Non scaling Electrode System Control over Electropure Elect...

Страница 16: ...cy See XL SR Since 1999 until 2006 The table below shows the flow ranges for the Electropure EDI series of modules Product Lines above Flow Range gpm Flow Range m3 h Operating Voltage Vdc Dimensions W...

Страница 17: ...t per ml 1 3 10 100 Viable bacteria max ml 1 1 000 m L 10 1 000 m L 10 m L 100 m L TOC max g L 25 50 300 1 000 Endotoxins EU ml 0 03 0 25 n a n a Copper max g L 1 1 2 500 Chloride max g L 1 1 10 1 000...

Страница 18: ...B Resistivity M cm 18 2 1 0 TOC ppb 10 50 Na Cl ppb 1 5 Silica ppb 3 3 Heterotrophic Bacteria 100 mL 1 10 Endotoxin EU mL 0 03 0 25 USP Pharmaceutical Water Requirements vary depending on national la...

Страница 19: ...ords are kept in our files for each module At the customer s request SnowPure will retest a field module under its standard conditions to confirm quality GlossaryofTerms Applied Voltage the DC voltage...

Страница 20: ...pically indicates the presence of CO2 which will decrease quality 5 0 9 5 7 0 7 5 Total CO2 Combined CO2 and HCO3 5 mg l as CO2 2 mg l Temperature 5 C to 35 C 20 to 30 C Hardness Ca 2 and Mg 2 as CaCO...

Страница 21: ...ditions The power supply should have current limiting capability to protect itself and the EDI module s Each module may be separately fused Current depends on the conductivity of the EDI feed and the...

Страница 22: ...Vdc 9 Adc 500 Vdc 24 Adc 1 EXL 850 500 Vdc 3 Adc 600 Vdc 8 Adc 2 EXL 850 500 Vdc 6 Adc 600 Vdc 16 Adc 3 EXL 850 500 Vdc 9 Adc 600 Vdc 24 Adc 4 EXL 850 500 Vdc 12 Adc 600 Vdc 32 Adc 6 EXL 850 500 Vdc...

Страница 23: ...ss the purifying chamber resin bed and then across the membranes before the product stream exits the module At voltages higher than optimum the overvoltage creates excess water splitting leading to ex...

Страница 24: ...dule At steady state the kinetics of ion migration match the ion feed rate Steady state for trace ions such as silica may take as long as 2 4 weeks If voltage is lowered or ion load is raised the inte...

Страница 25: ...sin Strong adsorption means low leakage through a resin bed or an EDI module Cation Selectivity Coefficient Anion Selectivity Coefficient Li 0 8 HSiO3 H 1 0 F 0 1 Mg 2 1 2 HCO3 0 5 Na 1 6 OH 0 6 Ca 2...

Страница 26: ...e EDI and the pH returns to 7 0 by the end of the working section The size of the polishing section is now smaller Therefore we do not recommend raising the pH of the EDI feed See Appendix 8 for a mor...

Страница 27: ...n of diffusion through the membrane will become larger and quality will decrease At low temperatures a higher voltage will be needed to continue to split water effectively and move sluggish ions faste...

Страница 28: ...psi 1 4 bar If pressure drop rises much above this then the inlet may be fouled or blocked with debris The inlet water must be finely filtered This flow should be independent of the size of the module...

Страница 29: ...low as 20 psi 1 4 bar at the low end of the flow range e g 6 gpm for XL 500 R or as high as 45 psi 3 bar at the high end of the flow range e g 10 gpm for XL 500 R Figure 2 above shows initial feed pr...

Страница 30: ...of the RO the outlet is ideally first plumbed into an ambient break tank then pumped independently into the RO inlet pretreatment line When this is done the EDI module can approach 99 recovery FeedCo...

Страница 31: ...tion back diffusion In this state ions are forced to diffuse from the concentrate streams into adjacent purifying chambers to achieve electrical neutrality When the voltage is initially raised the ion...

Страница 32: ...ly charged carbonate and therefore more mobile The silica too is more charged and mobile The recommended pH for optimal operation is 7 0 with minimal CO2 present Affectingthelocationofthe ionicfront A...

Страница 33: ...he success of the EDI as it is for the success of the RO See the EDI feedwater specifications Module cleaning frequency is minimized by providing better pretreatment for the EDI This includes minimizi...

Страница 34: ...r multiple modules the modules are plumbed and powered in parallel the rest of the concepts are the same ComponentDescriptionofanOptimumEDISystem These descriptions relate to the P ID following this s...

Страница 35: ...ncentrate streams ideally the concentrate of each module in a multiple module system Flow Meters Measure the flow rates of the various streams May send signals to a controller Flow Switches Ensures th...

Страница 36: ...f the EDI product should be higher than the EDI concentrate to prevent back leakage and loss of quality It is recommended to use diaphragm or needle valves and rotameters upstream of the EDI module to...

Страница 37: ...WPURE LLC 2005 2018 VERSION 3 5 XL EXL FEBRUARY 2018 PAGE 37 Figure 3 Best Practices P ID of a Simple EDI System Note SnowPure will provide 4 levels of BP P ID s in dwg form to its Qualified OEM custo...

Страница 38: ...ent be measured for each module as a monitoring device With a single module the current limiting feature will protect the module with multiple modules attached to a single power supply the current to...

Страница 39: ...circulation may also lead to bacteria outbreaks in the loop 4 Remove the 2nd RO pass entirely or install it in parallel with the 1st RO pass to increase capacity RO EDI 5 Install the 2nd RO pass after...

Страница 40: ...d used for lifting and handling the EXL EDI module Appropriately sized shackles hooks or other approved lifting devices may be used with the eyebolts to handle the EXL modules USE BOTH EYEBOLTS WHEN L...

Страница 41: ...ers and interfere with ion removal if mounted in a horizontal position Pipe and Tubing Connections The standard XL modules are provided with 1 female pipe thread FNPT fittings for the main feed and th...

Страница 42: ...to the power supply through the main DC electrical connection All conductive parts of the module are grounded together to the green wire of the connection This should be grounded to a suitable ground...

Страница 43: ...se of a 14 mm socket is possible but may be slightly undersized The EXL modules use 19 mm sockets 3 4 Plate and frame devices often require torqueing for proper sealing If the modules become loose wat...

Страница 44: ...ches the required torque do not over rotate or over torque individual bolts since this will cause adjacent bolts to loosen Module Startup The key to proper startup is to run as little water through th...

Страница 45: ...streams are all high If the module s are running at 90 recovery then the concentrate should have about 10 times the concentration of the feed Perform a mass balance on the inlet and outlet ions to de...

Страница 46: ...nic organic remover This may be either an approved non ionic surfactant or an approved caustic based cleaner See Appendix 2 for procedure for organic cleaning Particulatefouling Coarse debris in the E...

Страница 47: ...ecessary to reset the torque Check and retorque the bolts 1 after it has been mounted to the skid 2 before operation at the customers site 3 periodically weekly for the first month until all of the in...

Страница 48: ...Appendix 1 or 2 Retorque per Appendix 3 Product Flow Low Purifying stream fouled Feed water pressure too low Temperature too low Check organic TOC contaminant concentration in feed water Is there a y...

Страница 49: ...Power Supplies A variety is available Option Liqui Cel Membrane Contactors For removing CO2 gas from EDI feedstream Call SnowPure for literature and pricing Option Resistivity and Conductivity Meters...

Страница 50: ...SNOWPURE LLC 2005 2018 VERSION 3 5 XL EXL FEBRUARY 2018 PAGE 50 Figure 4 XL EDI Module Drawing Dimensions Chapter 10 Electropure Module Dimensions...

Страница 51: ...SNOWPURE LLC 2005 2018 VERSION 3 5 XL EXL FEBRUARY 2018 PAGE 51 Figure 5 EXL EDI Module Drawing Dimensions...

Страница 52: ...SNOWPURE LLC 2005 2018 VERSION 3 5 XL EXL FEBRUARY 2018 PAGE 52 Figure 6 XL Mounting Options Figure 7 EXL Mounting Options...

Страница 53: ...SNOWPURE LLC 2005 2018 VERSION 3 5 XL EXL FEBRUARY 2018 PAGE 53...

Страница 54: ...SNOWPURE LLC 2005 2018 VERSION 3 5 XL EXL FEBRUARY 2018 PAGE 54 Figure 8 Manifolding Options...

Страница 55: ...ense The exclusive remedy provided herein shall not be deemed to have failed of its essential purpose so long as SnowPure is willing and able to repair or replace any non conforming module or componen...

Страница 56: ...at it has used its own independent skill and expertise in connection with the selection and use of the products and that it possesses skill and expertise in the selection handling storage system desig...

Страница 57: ...plies Grounding should be tested on site after installation during operation to be sure no voltage is present at any metal surface Feed and concentrate streams contain ions are conductive and will car...

Страница 58: ...ARY 2018 PAGE 58 The lower explosion limit LEL of H2 is 4 v v For safe operation the electrode gases should be vented to dilute the gases to less than 25 of the LEL or less than 1 v v This is the resp...

Страница 59: ...er of the module and the input voltage and current range for that particular module Also shown on the label are environmental concerns and warning symbols Caution This symbol indicates care should be...

Страница 60: ...SNOWPURE LLC 2005 2018 VERSION 3 5 XL EXL FEBRUARY 2018 PAGE 60 EC Declaration of Conformity...

Страница 61: ...liter 5 10 gallon plastic fittings tubing Formula 1 recommended This formula is a simple safe commercial formula that makes a 2 pH adjusted solution of organic acid and chelating agents This makes a p...

Страница 62: ...h the EDI module until acid and waste products come out the outlet then turn off the pump and allow the cleaner to soak in the module for 5 minutes or longer Dense scale deposits may require longer so...

Страница 63: ...edgebase Caustic Cleaning Solution Formula 1 best contains approved buffers and sequestering agents 9 8 liters deionized water 200 ml RoCleantm L211 solution 100 ml for mild fouling available from Avi...

Страница 64: ...dequately cleaned A typical time is 15 30 minutes If cleaning solution is circulated be sure to use a filter to prevent debris from entering the module s Fill the tank with 35 40 C 100 F deionized wat...

Страница 65: ...all of the internal plastic parts have fully compressed and 5 Whenever the product quality declines a little Refer to the illustration below for resetting the torque of the bolts Both final torque and...

Страница 66: ...mode bacterial colonies should not grow especially on the product side EDI Module Chemical Sanitization There is no ideal sanitization regime for EDI Sanitizers consist of oxidizers ions and or organ...

Страница 67: ...of long term storage are not well known and it takes a long time to rinse out the TOC Organic biocides such as Avista Technologies DB 20 work well but are generally not approved for use in USP Purifie...

Страница 68: ...h the EDI system and raising the temperature The EXL HTS product was designed for rapid heatup This is followed by a holding period at sanitizing temperature followed by a cooldown The Electropure XL...

Страница 69: ...1 bar 15 psi while at temperatures over 45 C 8 DO NOT apply a voltage to the module during heat sanitization The risk is high of melting the module It is only OK to operate the voltage with normal wa...

Страница 70: ...85 350 380 EXL 750 15 3 5 2 5 560 85 450 500 EXL 850 20 4 5 3 0 700 85 550 600 1 Set main product flow to setting above which is the lower limit for each model Set the concentrate flow to above setti...

Страница 71: ...SNOWPURE LLC 2005 2018 VERSION 3 5 XL EXL FEBRUARY 2018 PAGE 71 Appendix 7 DataFormforElectropure XL EDIModule...

Страница 72: ...DC e g XL 500 R 600 W 300 VDC 2 0 Amps 2 There is some power loss at the power supply during the conversion from AC to DC Power supply efficiency is typically over 85 15 losses AC Power DC Power 90 0...

Страница 73: ...mechanism is to delay the formation of solid silica The other is raising the pH which increases the solubility limit of silica At pH 10 0 silica is soluble up to 310 ppm Of course high pH will cause h...

Страница 74: ...ltage a EDI voltage too low may lead to fouling b EDI voltage too low may lead to low silica removal c EDI voltage needs to be splitting water effectively in the polishing section see US Patent 5 925...

Страница 75: ...becomes charged H3SiO4 2 If the H3SiO4 ions are not removed from the resin they may accumulate and polymerize to form SiO2 n The solubility of silica is about 6 ppm according to R Sheikholeslami and S...

Страница 76: ...fully remove the excess Na ions Monitor the pH and conductivity of the concentrate to watch the progress The pH of the concentrate should be acidic and lower than the pH of the EDI feed 10 It is expe...

Страница 77: ...eriodically until all of the cleaner is consumed or until the resins have been adequately cleaned A typical time is 60 120 minutes If cleaning solution is circulated be sure to use a filter to prevent...

Страница 78: ...e used as antifreeze solutions to prevent freezing of EDI modules The problem with introducing organic chemicals into the modules is the long time it takes to rinse them out A 15 solution by weight of...

Страница 79: ...e on shutdown Startup with Regen Sanitize on shutdown Drain and seal system Sanitize on startup General Industrial Normal shutdown Normal startup Normal shutdown Startup with Regen Sanitize on shutdow...

Страница 80: ...re LLC maintains files from its suppliers as to their CFR 21 compliance SnowPure LLC does no independent testing of component materials and solely relies on its suppliers to be in compliance with FDA...

Страница 81: ...ly reactive magnesium oxide is used most effectively where pH correction is substantial or high flow conditions are in use Corosex II being soluble to acidity will have to be replenished periodically...

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