Signamax
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065-7921PoE 12-Port 10/100/1000BaseT/TX Web Smart PoE Switch
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3-5. Virtual LAN
What is a VLAN?
It is a subset of a LAN. Before we discuss VLAN, we must understand what LAN is. In
general, a LAN is composed of different physical network segments bridged by switches or
bridges which attach to end stations in the same broadcast domain. The traffic can reach any
station on the same LAN. Beyond this domain, the traffic cannot go without router’s help. This
also implies that a LAN is limited. If you need to communicate with the station outside the LAN,
a router is needed which always lies on the edge of the LAN.
For a layer 2 VLAN, it assumes it is a logical subset of a physical LAN separated by
specific rules such as tag, port, MAC address and so on. In other words, they can
communicate with each other between separated small physical LANs within a LAN but can
not be between any two separated logical LANs.
In the figure above, all stations are within the same broadcast domain. For these
stations, it is obviously that the traffic is getting congested while adding more stations on it.
With the more and more users joining the LAN, broadcast traffic will rapidly decrease the
performance of the network. Finally, the network may get down.
Fig. 3-6