86
6SXåWėQtDY\SQXWtVWRMHREUi]HN
3URVSXåWėQtVWURMHVWLVNQėWH]HOHQpWODĀtWNR
3URY\SQXWtVWURMHVWLVNQėWHĀHUYHQpWODĀtWNR
3R]QiPND
3ʼnHG NDçGìP SRXçLWtP VWURMH ]NRQWUROXMWH
IXQNĀQRVW WODĀtWHN WDN çH VWURM MHGHQNUiW ]DSQHWH D
Y\SQHWH
.G\ç GRMGH N YìSDGNX SURXGX UHVWDUWXMWH Y\StQDĀ
QXORYìVStQDĀ
9 SʼntSDGė çH GRMGH N YìSDGNX SURXGX QH~P\VOQìP
Y\WiKQXWtPQDSiMHFtKRNDEHOX]H]iVXYN\QHERVSiOHQtP
SRMLVWN\VHVWURMDXWRPDWLFN\Y\SQH3UR]QRYXXYHGHQt
VWURMHGRSURYR]XVWLVNQėWH]HOHQpWODĀtWNRQDRYODGDĀL
8NRQĀHQtSUiFH
3RVXļWHåWtSDFtQśçGRQHMQLçåtSRORK\
8YROQėWHMHGQRUDPHQR
9\SQėWH VWURM D RGSRMWH QDSiMHFt NDEHO ] HOHNWULFNp
]iVXYN\
8]DYʼnHWHRGY]GXåļRYDFtĀHSLĀNX
3RVWXSXMWH SRGOH SRN\Qś SUR REHFQp SURYHGHQt
~GUçE\
3ʼnLSRMHQtHOHNWULFNpHQHUJLH
3UDYLGHOQė NRQWUROXMWH ]GD QHMVRX NDEHO\ SUR SʼnLSRMHQt
HOHNWULFNpHQHUJLHSRåNR]HQ\3ʼnLSURYiGėQtNRQWURO\VH
XMLVWėWHçHMHNDEHOY\SRMHQ]SʼntYRGXHOHNWULFNpHQHUJLH
.DEHO\ SUR SʼnLSRMHQt HOHNWULFNp HQHUJLH PXVt Y\KRYRYDW
SʼntVOXåQìPQRUPiP9'(D',13RXçtYHMWHSRX]HQDSiMHFt
NDEHO\ V R]QDĀHQtP + 51 =QDĀND W\SX QDSiMHFtKR
NDEHOXQDQėPPXVtEìW]H]iNRQDY\WLVNQXWD
9DGQpQDSiMHFtNDEHO\
8QDSiMHFtFKNDEHOśĀDVWRGRFKi]tNSRåNR]HQtL]RODFH
0RçQpSʼntĀLQ\SRåNR]HQtMVRXQiVOHGXMtFt
6NʼntSQXWtQDSiMHFtKRNDEHOXYERGHFKNGHMHYHGHQ
VNU]PH]HU\PH]LRNQ\QHERGYHʼnPL
=DX]ORYiQtQDSiMHFtKRNDEHOXNYśOLMHKRQHVSUiYQpPX
SʼnLSRMHQtQHERYHGHQt
1Dʼnt]QXWtQDSiMHFtKRNDEHOXNYśOLMHKRSʼnHMHWt
3RåNR]HQt L]RODFH QDSiMHFtKR NDEHOX NYśOL MHKR
Y\WUçHQt]H]iVXYN\YH]GL
9]QLNWUKOLQNYśOLVWiʼntL]RODFH
7DNWR SRåNR]HQp HOHNWULFNp QDSiMHFt NDEHO\ QHO]H
SRXçtYDWSURWRçHSRåNR]HQtL]RODFHĀLQtW\WRNDEHO\YHOPL
QHEH]SHĀQìPL
7ʼntIi]RYì]
1D]
1DSiMHFt D SURGOXçRYDFt NDEHO PXVt GLVSRQRYDW SėWL
YRGLĀL316/²13(
3URGOXçRYDFt NDEHO\ PXVt PtW SUśʼnH] PLQLPiOQė
PP
1DSiMHFt SʼntYRG PXVt EìW FKUiQėQ SRMLVWNRX R KRGQRWė
PD[LPiOQė$
3RWp FR MH VWURM SʼnLSRMHQ GR SʼntYRGX HOHNWULFNp HQHUJLH
QHERMHSURYHGHQRMHKRSʼnHPtVWėQtMHQXWQp]NRQWURORYDW
VPėURWiĀHQtPRWRUXDYSʼntSDGėSRWʼnHE\]PėQLWSRODULWX
Fig. 9