Water Quality Maintenance
Maintaining the quality of the water within specified limits will enhance your enjoyment and prolong
the life of the unit’s equipment system and other components. It is a fairly simple task, but it
requires regular attention because the water chemistry involved is a balance of several factors.
There is no simple formula, and there is no avoiding it. A careless attitude in regard to water
maintenance will result in poor and potentially unhealthful conditions for soaking and even damage
to your unit. For specific guidance on maintaining water quality, consult your authorized Royal
Spa dealer who can recommend the appropriate chemical products for sanitizing and maintaining
your spa.
pH Control
pH is a measure of relative acidity or alkalinity of water and is measured on a scale of 0 to 14.
The midpoint of 7 is said to be neutral, above which is alkaline and below which is acidic. In the
water, IT IS VERY IMPORTANT TO MAINTAIN a slightly alkaline condition of 7.2 to 7.6.
Problems become proportionately severe the further outside of this range the water gets. A low
pH will be corrosive to metals in the equipment system. A high pH will cause minerals to deposit
on the interior surface of the unit and its components (scaling). In addition, the ability of the
sanitizers to keep the water clean is severely affected as the pH moves beyond the ideal range.
That is why most all water test kits contain a measure for pH as well as the sanitizer.
Total Alkalinity
Total Alkalinity refers to the ability of the water to resist a change in pH. The key purpose total
alkalinity serves is to help manage or control the pH in the water. It does this by acting as a buffer
so that when materials are added to a spa that would cause the pH to go up or down these
changes are controlled and do not result in severe changes to the water’s balance. Total alkalinity
is measured in parts per million (ppm) using a total alkalinity test kit or test strip. Total alkalinity is
best kept in the range of 80-120 ppm. When the value is less than 80 ppm, the water can become
aggressive, and the pH can swing easily up, down and back again. If the value is higher that 120
ppm, the water can become cloudy and scale forming and the pH will tend to drift upward.
Sanitizing
To destroy bacteria and organic compounds in the water, a sanitizer must be used regularly.
Chlorine and Bromine are the two most popular sanitizers used. Shock Out is another sanitizer
used that also enhances the effectiveness of Bromine and Chlorine. Many other additives are
available for your water. Some are necessary to compensate for out-of-balance water (pH/Alk Up
& pH/Alk Down), some aid in cosmetic water treatment (Spa Brite & Foam Gone) and others
simply alter the feel or smell of the water (Scum Out). Your authorized Royal Spa Dealer can
advise you on the use of these additives.
Optional Ozone Water Purifier
If you have elected to have your spa equipped with the optional ozone water purifier you will find
that your water stays fresh and clear with significantly less chemical usage. You will also probably
be able to go longer between complete water changes.
WATER CHEMISTRY 101
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