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9.5 Compass Mode - 

Magnetic Declination

9.4 Compass Mode - 

Applications of the Compass Display and Backward Bearing

9.6 Compass Mode - 

Magnetic Declination Compensation

What  is  Magnetic  Declination

The  angular  difference  between  Magnetic  North  Pole 
and  True  North  Pole  is  called  magnetic  declination.  Its 
amount  (degrees  and  minutes)  and  direction  (easterly 
and  westerly)  depend  on  where  you  are  in  the  world. 

The  Watch  also  includes  a  setting  for  Magnetic 
Declination  compensation.  Check  the  chapter  9.6     and 
9.10  for  more  detail  on  how  to  compensate  Magnetic 
Declination.

Magnetic  Declination  Information

Most  topographic  maps  include  a  small  arrow  which 
shown  magnetic  north  pole  and  or  the  magnetic 
declination  information.
This  manual  also  includes  the  magnetic  declination  for 
some  cities  in  chapter  9.7.
For  the  city  which  does  not  include  in  this  manual, 
please  refer  to  the  below  online  resource: 

http://www.geolab.nrcan.gc.ca/geomag/mirp_e.shtml
http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/seg/geomag/jsp/struts/calcD
eclination

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The  Magnetic  North  Pole  which  is  slightly  different  from 
the  True  North  Pole. 

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The  Watch,  like  most  magnetic  compass,  points  to  the 
Magnetic  North  Pole.  On  the  contrary,  everything 
measure  from  a  map  is  related  to  the  True  North  Pole.

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For  serious  compass  user  or  whom  intends  to  perform 
accurate  navigation,  the  Watch  must  be  adjusted  for 
magnetic  declination.  

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Check  the  position  by  Backward  Bearing

Spot  two  distant  identifiable  landmarks  such  as 
mountains,  light-house  and  building  from  your 
current  position.  Let's  use  the  mountain  A  and  B 
as  the  example.
Check  out  the  backward  bearing  direction  of 
mountain  A  and  B  from  your  current  position:  135  
from  mountain A  and  270   from  mountain  B.

Draw  the  line  135 on  the  map  which  starting  from 
the  mountain  A,  and  draw  another  line  270   on  the 
map  which  starting  from  the  mountain  B. 
Your  current  position  on  the  map  will  be  at  the 
intersection  point  (point  A)  of  the  lines  135   and 
270

Check  the  Trek  Course  Correct

The  Watch  can  keep  your  course  correct  during 
trekking.  Lets  use  the  sample  trail  A-E  on  the 
adjacent   diagram  to  illustrate  this  application.
Mark  the  points  where  the  trail  turns  its  direction 
or  the  trail  branches  its  way,  such  as  the  point  A, 
B,  C,  D  and  E  on  the  adjacent   diagram.
Check  out  the  bearing  directions    of  point  B    from 
point  A  (315 ),  point  C  from  point  B  (0 ),  point  D   
from  point  C  (225 ),  and  then  point  E  from  point  D 
(315 ). 

Make  sure  that  the  heading  direction  is  315   in  the 
section  A  to  B.  Performing  the  similar  checking 
when  trekking  in  the  other  trail  sections.

IMPORTANT:

  If  you  are  in  doubt  of  the  directions 

and  positions  of  the  trail,  consulting  the  park 
administration  office  before  starting  the  trek.  

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Magnetic  Declination  Compensation

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To  compensate  an  object's  magnetic  bearing 
t o  t r u e  b e a r i n g :  S u b t r a c t  w e s t e r l y  ( W ) 
magnetic  declination  or  add  easterly  (E) 
m a g n e t i c  d e c l i n a t i o n  w i t h  t h e  m a g n e t i c 
bearing   (MB).

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magnetic  bearing 

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magnetic  bearing

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Example  1

:  Westerly  magnetic  declination  23  

and  the 

323 .  

TB  =  MB  -  W.   While   MB  =  323 ;  W  =23

 

TB  =  323

 

  -  23

 

TB  =  300

The  true  bearing  will  be  300 .

Example  2

:  Easterly  magnetic  declination   22  

and  the 

  278 . 

TB  =  MB  +  E.   While  MB  =  278 ;  E  =  22

TB  =  278 +  22

TB  =  300

The  true  bearing  will  be  300 .

True North

Magnetic 
Declination

Magnetic
Declination

Magnetic 
North

4110 m

2120 m

3120 m

point A

(starting point)

point B

A Sample Trail on a Map

point D

point E

(finish point)

point C

315

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225

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0

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315

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mountain B

Check  Current  Position  By  Backward  Bearing

mountain A

270

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135

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point A

0

0

Compensate th e Bearin g 

with  Weste rly  (W ) Magnetic  Declin atio n

Compensate th e Bearin g 

with  Easte rly  (E ) Magnetic  Declin atio n

Tru e Bearin g (T B) = 
Magneti c Bearin g (M B) - Weste rly  Magneti c Decli nati on (W ) 

Tru e Bearin g (T B) = 
Magneti c Bearin g (M B) + Easte rly  Magneti c Decli nati on (E ) 
300

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(T B) = 278

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(M B) + 22

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(E )

300

 

 = 

(M B) - 23 (W ) 

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(T B)

323

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magnetic 

declination

23

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W

magnetic 

declination

22

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E

true
bearing 
300

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true
bearing 
300

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magnetic 
bearing 
323

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magnetic 
bearing 
278

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true north
0

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true north

0

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magnetic 
north

magnetic 
north

object B

object B

point A

point A

9.7 Compass Mode - 

Magnetic Declination of Major Cities

No. Country/Place 

Major City            Declination

1

Afghanistan

Kabul

+3E

2

Australia

Canberra

+12E

3

Austria

Vienna

+3E

4

Bahrain

Manama

+2E

5

Bangladesh

Dhaka

+0E

6

Belgium

Brussels

+0E

7

Brazil

Brasilia

-21W

8

Canada

Ottawa

-14W

9

Chile

Santiago

+3E

10 China

Beijing

-6W

11 China

Hong Kong

-2W

12 Costa Rica

San Jose

-1W

13 Cuba

Havana

-4W

14 Czech Republic

Prague

+3E

15 Denmark

Copenhagen

+3E

16 Egypt

Cairo

+4E

17 Finland

Helsinki

+8E

18 France

Paris

-1W

19 Germany

Berlin

+3E

20 Greece

Athens

+4E

21 Hungary

Budapest

+4E

22 India

New Delhi

+1E

23 Indonesia

Jakarta

+1E

24 Israel

Jerusalem

+4E

25 Italy

Rome

+2E

26 Japan

Tokyo

-7W

27 Jordan

Amman

+4E

28 Kenya

Nairobi

+0E

29 Korea

Seoul

-8W

30 Malaysia

Kuala Lumpur

+0E

31 Mexico

Mexico City

+6E

32 Nepal

Kathmandu

+0E

No. Country/Place 

Major City            Declination

33 Netherlands

Amsterdam

+0E

34 New Zealand

Wellington

+22E

35 Norway

Oslo

+2E

36 Pakistan

Islamabad

+2E

37 Philippines

Manila

-1W

38 Portugal

Lisbon

-3W

39 Russia

Moscow

+10E

40 Singapore

Singapore

+0E

41 South Africa

Cape Town

-24W

42 Spain

Madrid

-2W

43 Sweden

Stockholm

+5E

44 Switzerland

Bern

+1E

45 Taiwan

Tai-pei

-4W

46 Thailand

Bangkok

-1W

47 UAE

Abu Dhabi

+2E

48 United Kingdom

London

-2W

49 United States

Washington, DC

-11W

50 United States

Juneau

+22E

51 United States

Phoenix

+11E

52 United States

Little Rock

+1E

53 United States

Sacramento

+14E

54 United States

Denver

+9E

55 United States

Atlanta

-4W

56 United States

Honolulu

+10E

57 United States

Boston

-15W

58 United States

Saint Paul

+1E

59 United States

Jackson

+0E

60 United States

Santa Fe

+9E

61 United States

Oklahoma City

+5E

62 United States

Salem

+16E

63 United States

Harrisburg

-11W

64 United States

Salt Lake City

+12E

NOTE: 

Since magnetic declination will be changed as going with time, recommend to check the update data from following site:

http://www.magnetic-declination.com/     &     http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/geomagmodels/Declination.jsp

Содержание PSWRM70

Страница 1: ...Front Cover Back Cover ...

Страница 2: ...lace when it does not in use for a long time Mode Button M To select among the Current Time Daily Alarm Chronograph Timer and Dual Time Mode To select among the setting items during setting display Compass Button COM To select between Compass Mode and Timekeeping Mode Start Stop Button S S To select between functional displays under the same mode To activate the start or stop function during chron...

Страница 3: ...on to stop the beep Hourly Chime and Half Hour Chime The Watch includes two chime functions they are hourly chime and half hour chime Hourly Chime If the hourly chime is turned ON the Watch will beep once every hour at the hour e g 1 00 2 00 3 00 and etc Half Hour Chime If the half hour chime is turned ON the Watch will beep once every 30 minutes at the hour and at the half past hour e g 1 00 1 30...

Страница 4: ...oned above to get another lap time How to Recall Lap Time To recall lap time hold down the M button in the Chronograph Display When the Total Time Display is appeared press the S S or L R button to recall lap time following the adjacent diagram Hold down the M button will exit the lap time recall sequence How to Reset Lap Time To record a new set of lap times hold the L R button for 2 seconds in t...

Страница 5: ...ay hold down the M button for 2 seconds in Dual Time Mode and then the flashing SET icon will appear In setting display press the M button to change the selection between hour and minute When the digits are flashing selected press the S S L R button to increase decrease the number Hold down the button change the number at a higher speed When the setting is completed hold down the M button to exit ...

Страница 6: ...ress any button Distortion Display If distortion is detected the indicator OFF CAL with flashing direction digits will appear on the display Please refer to the coming chapter 11 8 to 11 9 to restore the compass to normal operation when distortion occur COMP Compass Display current time bearing direction of the navigation direction magnetic north pole pointer navigation direction compass direction...

Страница 7: ... bearing MB 8 magnetic bearing 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 magnetic bearing 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Example 1 Westerly magnetic declination 23 and the 323 TB MB W While MB 323 W 23 TB 323 23 TB 300 The true bearing will be 300 Example 2 Easterly magnetic declination 22 and the 278 TB MB E While MB 278 E 22 TB 278 22 TB 300 The true bearing will be 300 True North Magnetic Declination Magnetic Declination Magnetic North ...

Страница 8: ...tion Display Check the previous chapter 9 7 to get the magnetic declination of the city which is close to your current position That angle will be inputted into the Watch during the calibration To select Magnetic Declination Display press the M button in Rotation Calibration Display When the current magnetic declination is appeared press the S S or L R button to increase decrease the number Hold d...

Страница 9: ... Battery Single 3V lithium battery CR2032 Resolution 18 display digital 08 to 3598 digital Others Compass lock and Backward compass bearing Current Time Mode Hour minute second am pm month date and day of week Time System 12 hour or 24 hour format Calendar System Auto Calendar pre programmed from the year 2004 to 2099 Daily Alarm Mode 2 daily alarms Hourly and half hour chime Alarm Sounds Sounds f...

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