The main world color TV systems are only N T S C (National
Television System Committee), P A L (Phase Alternation
Line-by-Line) a n d S E C A M (Sequential C o l o u r s a
M e m o i r e ) a l t h o u g h t h e r e are m a n y s t a n d a r d s in
m o n o c h r o m e system. All of the three systems transmit
color information in addition t o luminance and sound in
formation t o m a k e broadcast signal compatible to both
m o n o c h r o m e and color TV receivers.
Composite color TV signal includes luminance and chro
minance signals, vertical- and horizontal-sync pulses,
vertical- and horizontal-blanking pulses, color-burst sig
nal and sound signal. Table 1 shows the specifications of
the systems a n d countries concerned.
Here we will discuss the NTSC and P A L systems. The main
differences between N T S C and P A L are in the modulat
ing method of chrominance signal although b o t h of t h e m
employ Q u a d r a t u r e Amplitude M o d u l a t i o n (QAM) sys
tem.
Color S y s t e m
NTSC
PAL
S E C A M
CCIR
Standards
M
M
N
B,G
H
I
D
B
D,K
K'
L
E
Scanning
Lines/frame
5 2 5
6 2 5
8 1 9
Field Frequency
(Hz)
M o n o 6 0
Chro 5 9 . 9 4 5 9 . 9 4
5 0
Line Frequency
(Hz)
M o n o
1 5 7 5 0
Chro
1 5 7 3 4 . 2 6 4
1 5 7 3 4 . 2 6 4
1 5 6 2 5
2 0 4 7 5
Vision W i d t h
(MHz)
4 . 2
5
5.5
6
5
6
1 0
Channel W i d t h
(MHz)
6
B:7,G:8
8
7
8
14
Vision-sound
Separation (MHz)
4 . 5
5.5
6 . 0
6 . 5
5 . 5
6.5
1 1 . 1 5
Color Subcarrier
(Hz)
3 5 7 9 5 4 5
3 5 7 5 6 1 1 . 4 9
4 4 3 3 6 1 8 . 7 5
foR: 4 4 0 6 2 5 0 f o B : 4 2 5 0 0 0 0
Residual Sideband
(MHz)
0 . 7 5
1.25
0 . 7 5
1.25
2
Vision M o d u l a t i o n
Polarity
-
+
Sound M o d u l a t i o n
FM
A M
Sound Frequency
Deviation (KHz)
± 2 5
± 5 0
Sound Preemphasis
(lis)
7 5
5 0
2-channel Sound
J a p a n ,
USA
W .
G e r m a n y
Countries
Barbados
Brazil
A r g e n t i n a ,
Paraguay,
Uruguay,
Belgium
HK,
Ireland,
UK,
S. A f r i c a
China (PR),
Korea (PR)
E.Germany,
Egypt,
Greece
[BH],
Iran,
Iraq,
Lebanon,
Libya,
M a u l i t i u s ,
M o r o c c o ,
Saudi
A r a b i a ,
Syria,
Tunisia
Bulgaria,
Congo,
Czecho
slovakia,
Djibouti,
E.Germany,
Hungary,
Poland,
Reunion,
Togo,
USSR
Guyana,
Ivory
Coast,
Martinique,
New
Caledonia
M o n a c o
Countries
I N ] ,
Bermuda, Canada,
A r g e n t i n a ,
Paraguay,
Uruguay,
HK,
Ireland,
UK,
S. A f r i c a
China (PR),
Korea (PR)
E.Germany,
Egypt,
Greece
[BH],
Iran,
Iraq,
Lebanon,
Libya,
M a u l i t i u s ,
M o r o c c o ,
Saudi
A r a b i a ,
Syria,
Tunisia
Bulgaria,
Congo,
Czecho
slovakia,
Djibouti,
E.Germany,
Hungary,
Poland,
Reunion,
Togo,
USSR
Guyana,
Ivory
Coast,
Martinique,
New
Caledonia
France,
Luxem
bourg
Countries
Chile, China (Rep),
C o l o m b i a , Costa
Rica, Cuba, El
Salvador [K],
Ecuador, G u a t e m a l a ,
Haiti, Honduras,
J a p a n , Korea (Rep),
M e x i c o , Panama,
Peru, Philippines,
S a m o a , St. K i t t s ,
S u r i n a m , Trinidad
Tobago, USA,
Venezuela
Algeria, Australia, A u s t r i a ,
Bahrain, D e n m a r k , Finland, HK,
Holland, Iceland, Indonesia, Italy,
J o r d a n , Kenya, K u w a i t , Liberia,
Malaysia, M a l t a , NZ, Nigeria,
Norway, O m a n , Pakistan, Portu
gal, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Spain,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singa
pore, Sri Lanka, S w e d e n ,
S w i t z e r l a n d , Tanzania, T h a i l a n d ,
Turkey, Uganda, UAE,
W. Germany, Yugoslavia, Zambia
HK,
Ireland,
UK,
S. A f r i c a
China (PR),
Korea (PR)
E.Germany,
Egypt,
Greece
[BH],
Iran,
Iraq,
Lebanon,
Libya,
M a u l i t i u s ,
M o r o c c o ,
Saudi
A r a b i a ,
Syria,
Tunisia
Bulgaria,
Congo,
Czecho
slovakia,
Djibouti,
E.Germany,
Hungary,
Poland,
Reunion,
Togo,
USSR
Guyana,
Ivory
Coast,
Martinique,
New
Caledonia
France,
Luxem
bourg
Table 1 World TV Systems
12
NTSC and PAL TV Systems
Basic Theory of Video Systems
