Glossary of technical terms
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Camshaft A rotating shaft on which a series
of cam lobes operate the valve mechanisms.
The camshaft may be driven by gears, by
sprockets and chain or by sprockets and a
belt.
Canister
A container in an evaporative
emission control system; contains activated
charcoal granules to trap vapours from the
fuel system.
Carburettor A device which mixes fuel with
air in the proper proportions to provide a
desired power output from a spark ignition
internal combustion engine.
Castellated Resembling the parapets along
the top of a castle wall. For example, a
castellated balljoint stud nut.
Castor In wheel alignment, the backward or
forward tilt of the steering axis. Castor is
positive when the steering axis is inclined
rearward at the top.
Catalytic converter A silencer-like device in
the exhaust system which converts certain
pollutants in the exhaust gases into less
harmful substances.
Circlip
A ring-shaped clip used to prevent
endwise movement of cylindrical parts and
shafts. An internal circlip is installed in a
groove in a housing; an external circlip fits into
a groove on the outside of a cylindrical piece
such as a shaft.
Clearance
The amount of space between
two parts. For example, between a piston and
a cylinder, between a bearing and a journal,
etc.
Coil spring A spiral of elastic steel found in
various sizes throughout a vehicle, for
example as a springing medium in the
suspension and in the valve train.
Compression
Reduction in volume, and
increase in pressure and temperature, of a
gas, caused by squeezing it into a smaller
space.
Compression ratio The relationship between
cylinder volume when the piston is at top
dead centre and cylinder volume when the
piston is at bottom dead centre.
Constant velocity (CV) joint
A type of
universal joint that cancels out vibrations
caused by driving power being transmitted
through an angle.
Core plug A disc or cup-shaped metal device
inserted in a hole in a casting through which
core was removed when the casting was
formed. Also known as a freeze plug or
expansion plug.
Crankcase
The lower part of the engine
block in which the crankshaft rotates.
Crankshaft
The main rotating member, or
shaft, running the length of the crankcase,
with offset “throws” to which the connecting
rods are attached.
Crocodile clip See Alligator clip
D
Diagnostic code Code numbers obtained by
accessing the diagnostic mode of an engine
management computer. This code can be
used to determine the area in the system
where a malfunction may be located.
Disc brake A brake design incorporating a
rotating disc onto which brake pads are
squeezed. The resulting friction converts the
energy of a moving vehicle into heat.
Double-overhead cam (DOHC)
An engine
that uses two overhead camshafts, usually
one for the intake valves and one for the
exhaust valves.
Drivebelt(s)
The belt(s) used to drive
accessories such as the alternator, water
pump, power steering pump, air conditioning
compressor, etc. off the crankshaft pulley.
Driveshaft
Any shaft used to transmit
motion. Commonly used when referring to the
axleshafts on a front wheel drive vehicle.
Drum brake A type of brake using a drum-
shaped metal cylinder attached to the inner
surface of the wheel. When the brake pedal is
pressed, curved brake shoes with friction
linings press against the inside of the drum to
slow or stop the vehicle.
Castellated nut
Catalytic converter
Crankshaft assembly
Carburettor
Canister
Drum brake assembly
Accessory drivebelts
Driveshaft
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Страница 189: ...Wiring diagrams 12 15 12 Key to wiring diagrams ...
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Страница 193: ...Wiring diagrams 12 19 12 Diagram1b Typical engine management warning lamps and gauges XU5J JA and XU9JA engine models ...
Страница 194: ...12 20 Wiring diagrams Diagram 2 Typical exterior lighting reversing lamps foglamps sidelamps and headlamps ...
Страница 196: ...12 22 Wiring diagrams Diagram 3 Typical ancillary circuits wash wipe horn heater blower and heated rear window ...
Страница 197: ...Wiring diagrams 12 23 12 Diagram 3a Typical ancillary circuits electric windows central locking and radio cassette ...
Страница 198: ...12 24 Wiring diagrams Supplementary diagram A Typical engine management TU3M Z and TU3FM L engine models ...
Страница 199: ...Wiring diagrams 12 25 12 Supplementary diagram B Typical engine management TU1M L and XU5M3 Z L engine models ...
Страница 200: ...12 26 Wiring diagrams Supplementary diagram C Typical engine management XU9J1 Z L engine models ...
Страница 201: ...Wiring diagrams 12 27 12 Supplementary diagram D Typical engine management XU9JA L engine models ...
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