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Preparing Your Network

3-1

Chapter 3

Preparing Your Network

This chapter describes how to prepare your PC network to connect to the Internet through the
Model RO318 Cable/DSL Security Router and how to order broadband Internet service from an
Internet service provider (ISP).

Preparing Your Personal Computers for IP Networking

The Model RO318 Cable/DSL Security Router uses the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP). In order to access the Internet through the router, each PC on your network
must have TCP/IP installed and selected as the networking protocol.

Note:

In this chapter, we use the term “PC” to refer to personal computers in general, and not

necessarily Windows computers.

Most operating systems include the software components you need to install and use TCP/IP on
your PC:

•

Windows

®

95 or later (including Windows NT

®

) includes the software components for

establishing a TCP/IP network.

•

Windows 3.1 does not include a TCP/IP component. You need to purchase a third-party TCP/
IP application package such as NetManage Chameleon.

•

Macintosh Operating System 7 or later includes the software components for establishing a
TCP/IP network.

•

All versions of UNIX or Linux include TCP/IP components.

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Содержание RO318

Страница 1: ...SM RO318NA 0 March 2001 NETGEAR Inc 4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara CA 95054 USA Phone 1 888 NETGEAR Reference Guide for the Model RO318 Cable DSL Security Router...

Страница 2: ...a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to rad...

Страница 3: ...trictions Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market and has been granted...

Страница 4: ...iv...

Страница 5: ...hernet 1 4 TCP IP 1 4 Easy Installation and Management 1 5 Maintenance and Support 1 5 Chapter 2 Setting Up the Hardware Package Contents 2 1 Local Network Hardware Requirements 2 2 PC Requirements 2...

Страница 6: ...taining ISP Configuration Information Windows 3 8 Obtaining ISP Configuration Information Macintosh 3 9 Ready for Configuration 3 9 Chapter 4 Basic Configuration of the Router Configuring for Internet...

Страница 7: ...nd Password 6 7 Using the Default Reset button 6 7 Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Basic Functioning 7 1 PWR LED Not On 7 1 Test LED Never Blinks or LED Stays On 7 2 LNK ACT LEDs Not On 7 2 Troubleshooting...

Страница 8: ...and Address Resolution Protocol B 9 Domain Name Server B 9 IP Configuration by DHCP B 10 Internet Security and Firewalls B 10 What is a Firewall B 10 Stateful Packet Inspection B 11 Denial of Service...

Страница 9: ...ased Setup Wizard third screen 4 6 Figure 5 1 LAN Setup Menu 5 3 Figure 5 2 Port Forwarding Menu 5 6 Figure 5 3 Static Route Summary Table 5 8 Figure 5 4 Static Route Entry and Edit Menu 5 9 Figure 5...

Страница 10: ...x...

Страница 11: ...figuration fields 5 2 Table 5 2 DHCP Setup Fields 5 4 Table 5 3 LAN TCP IP Setup Fields 5 4 Table 5 4 Port Table Entries Example 5 7 Table 5 5 Edit IP Static Route Fields 5 9 Table 6 1 System Status f...

Страница 12: ...xii...

Страница 13: ...cations As you read this document you may be directed to various RFC documents for further information An RFC is a Request For Comment RFC published by the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF an open...

Страница 14: ...Reference Guide for the Model RO318 Cable DSL Security Router xiv About This Guide For more information about IP address translation refer to RFC 1631 The IP Network Address Translator NAT...

Страница 15: ...rl C Two or more keys that must be pressed simultaneously are shown in text linked with a plus sign ALL CAPS DOS file and directory names Special Message Formats This guide uses the following formats...

Страница 16: ......

Страница 17: ...ering options plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts via e mail Parents and network administrators can establish restricted access policies based on time of day URL and URL keywords and s...

Страница 18: ...uting Dynamic extended Network Address Translation NAT with port forwarding for operation with a single static or dynamic IP address Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP server for dynamically ass...

Страница 19: ...g from outside the LAN are discarded preventing users outside the LAN from finding and directly accessing the PCs on the LAN Port Forwarding with NAT Although NAT prevents Internet locations from dire...

Страница 20: ...to share an Internet account using only a single IP address which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your Internet service provider ISP This technique an extension of Network Address Transl...

Страница 21: ...your router from almost any type of personal computer such as Windows Macintosh or Linux A user friendly Setup Wizard is provided and online help documentation is built into the browser based Web Mana...

Страница 22: ...Reference Guide for the Model RO318 Cable DSL Security Router 1 6 Introduction...

Страница 23: ...DSL Security Router AC power adapter 12 V DC output Category 5 Cat 5 Ethernet cable straight through wiring white Model RO318 Resource CD including This guide Application Notes RO318 Cable DSL Securit...

Страница 24: ...of PCs each PC must have the following An installed Ethernet Network Interface Card NIC A connection to the network via a hub or switch If all PCs on the network will not run at the same speed 10 Mbps...

Страница 25: ...l Activity Description PWR Power On Off Power is supplied to the router Power is not supplied to the router TEST On Off Blinking The system is not ready or has failed to start up The system is ready a...

Страница 26: ...h 12 VDC power adapter outlet Internet Ethernet port for connecting the router to a cable or DSL modem Eight Local Ethernet ports for connecting the router to the local PCs Factory Default Reset pushb...

Страница 27: ...or crossover Ethernet cable Because the Model RO318 router is capable of automatically sensing the polarity of the Ethernet connection you can connect to the other hub s normal or uplink port using a...

Страница 28: ...lying power to the router complete the following steps to verify that power is correctly applied 1 When power is first applied verify that the PWR LED is on 2 Verify that the TEST LED begins to blink...

Страница 29: ...twork must have TCP IP installed and selected as the networking protocol Note In this chapter we use the term PC to refer to personal computers in general and not necessarily Windows computers Most op...

Страница 30: ...up For a detailed explanation of the meaning and purpose of these configuration items refer to Appendix B Networks Routing and Firewall Basics The Model RO318 router is shipped preconfigured as a DHCP...

Страница 31: ...a Click the Add button b Select Adapter and then click Add c Select the manufacturer and model of your Ethernet adapter and then click OK If you need TCP IP a Click the Add button b Select Protocol a...

Страница 32: ...esses you can configure your PCs by following these steps 1 Install TCP IP on each PC leaving the PC configured to obtain configuration settings automatically by DHCP 2 Physically connect the PCs and...

Страница 33: ...r The window is updated to show your settings which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends The IP address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168...

Страница 34: ...ured and has rebooted you can check the TCP IP configuration by returning to the TCP IP Control Panel From the Apple menu select Control Panels then TCP IP The panel is updated to show your settings w...

Страница 35: ...ation that the single PC would normally use When the router s WAN port is connected to the broadband modem the router appears to be a single PC to the ISP The router then allows the PCs on the local n...

Страница 36: ...ioned above you may need to collect configuration information from your PC so that you can use this information when you configure the Model RO318 router Following this procedure is only necessary whe...

Страница 37: ...rmation you need to configure the router for Internet access 1 From the Apple menu select Control Panels then TCP IP The TCP IP Control Panel opens which displays a list of configuration settings If t...

Страница 38: ...Reference Guide for the Model RO318 Cable DSL Security Router 3 10 Preparing Your Network...

Страница 39: ...have a web browser program installed such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator Because the Configuration Manager uses Java your Web browser must be Java enabled and support HTTP uploa...

Страница 40: ...Router A login window opens as shown in Figure 4 1 below Figure 4 1 Login window This screen may have a different appearance in other browsers 5 Type admin in the User Name box 1234 in the Password bo...

Страница 41: ...nce Guide for the Model RO318 Cable DSL Security Router Basic Configuration of the Router 4 3 6 In the opening screen shown in Figure 4 2 select WIZARD SETUP Figure 4 2 Browser based configuration mai...

Страница 42: ...nd Domain Name as shown in Figure 4 3 below Figure 4 3 Browser based Setup Wizard first screen These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP s services such as mail or news servers If you leave...

Страница 43: ...enter these additional parameters If your connection supports multiple ISPs enter the Service Name of the one you use Otherwise leave Service Name blank Enter the PPPoE login user name and password pr...

Страница 44: ...pe as either RR Manager or RR Toshiba Enter these additional parameters If your cable modem is Toshiba select RR Toshiba Otherwise select RR Manager Enter the user name and password provided by your I...

Страница 45: ...e PC you are now using should already appear If this is not the PC whose MAC address is to be used enter that PC s IP address Some ISPs will register the Ethernet MAC address of the network interface...

Страница 46: ...er interface From the subheadings shown click on Security The tabs described below contain the settings for the security features E Mail In order to receive logs and alerts by email you must provide y...

Страница 47: ...og Specifies the time of day to send the log Relevant when the log is sent daily Time Zone Specify your local time zone and click Apply This setting will be used for the blocking schedule and also for...

Страница 48: ...rd XXX is specified the web address http www badstuff com xxx html is blocked If the keyword com is specified only websites with other domain suffixes such as edu or gov can be viewed If you wish to b...

Страница 49: ...you to specify one Trusted Host which is a PC that will be exempt from blocking and logging Since the Trusted Host will be identified by an IP address you should configure that PC with a fixed IP addr...

Страница 50: ...om the Internet Up to 128 entries are stored in each log Click the button for the log you wish to view Log entries are described in Table 4 1 Table 4 1 Content Filter Log entry descriptions Field Desc...

Страница 51: ...ed Packet Information For each event the following information is provided Source IP address From Destination IP address To Protocol for example TCP or UDP Source port number Destination port number R...

Страница 52: ...Reference Guide for the Model RO318 Cable DSL Security Router 4 14 Basic Configuration of the Router...

Страница 53: ...s System Tab The System Tab contains fields for setting the System Host Name and Domain Name These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP s services such as mail or news servers System Name Th...

Страница 54: ...mic DNS are shown in Table 5 1 Password Select the Password tab to change your router s management password This is the password to access the router for configuration not for Internet access To chang...

Страница 55: ...erver allowing them to assign IP DNS and default gateway addresses to attached PCs The assigned default gateway address is the LAN address of the router IP addresses will be assigned to the attached P...

Страница 56: ...0 0 the router assigns its own address as DNS Server and performs a DNS Proxy if it can obtain a DNS address from the ISP Secondary DNS Server If you want the router to assign the Secondary DNS Server...

Страница 57: ...ves Usually you should leave this parameter at the default None RIP Version This field determines the format and broadcasting method of any RIP Routing Information Protocol transmissions by the router...

Страница 58: ...nu Requested services are identified by port numbers in an incoming IP packet For example a packet that is sent to the external IP address of your router and destined for port number 80 is an HTTP Web...

Страница 59: ...access this server from the Internet the remote user must know the IP address that has been assigned by your ISP If this address is 172 16 1 23 for example an Internet user can access your Web server...

Страница 60: ...Menu If one local PC acts as a game or videoconference host enter its IP address as the default Static Routes The fourth feature category under the Advanced heading is Static Route which allows config...

Страница 61: ...r deactivate this static route Destination IP Address Enter the IP network address of the final destination Routing is always based on network number If you need to specify a route to a single host us...

Страница 62: ...ess a device on the 134 177 0 0 network your router will forward your request to the ISP The ISP forwards your request to the company where you are employed and the request will likely be denied by th...

Страница 63: ...e would look like Figure 5 5 Figure 5 5 Static Route Example In this example The Destination IP Address and IP Subnet Mask fields specify that this static route applies to all 134 177 x x addresses Th...

Страница 64: ...Reference Guide for the Model RO318 Cable DSL Security Router 5 12 Advanced Configuration of the Router...

Страница 65: ...be found by clicking on the Maintenance heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface System Status The System Status menu provides a limited amount of status and usage information From the Main...

Страница 66: ...Mask This field displays the IP Subnet Mask being used by the Internet WAN port of the router DHCP If set to None the router is configured to use a fixed IP address on the WAN or to use PPPoE If set...

Страница 67: ...rt TxPkts The number of packets transmitted on this port since reset or manual clear RxPkts The number of packets received on this port since reset or manual clear Collisions The number of collisions...

Страница 68: ...d in FLASH memory and can be upgraded as new software is released by NETGEAR Upgrade files can be downloaded from Netgear s website If the upgrade file is compressed ZIP file you must first extract th...

Страница 69: ...sections Restore and Backup the Configuration The Restore and Backup tabs in the Maintenance menu allow you to save and retrieve a file containing your router s configuration settings To save your set...

Страница 70: ...ram follow these steps 1 Download and unzip the new software file from NETGEAR 2 Rename the new software file to ras with no extension 3 Use your FTP client to establish an FTP connection to the route...

Страница 71: ...ctory defaults in several ways Use the Erase function of the Web Manager see Erase the Configuration on page 6 5 Upload the default config file romfile0 318 which can be found on the Model RO318 Resou...

Страница 72: ...nue to hold the Default Reset button The TEST LED will begin to blink then will flicker very quickly after about 10 or 15 seconds This indicates that the defaults have been restored and the router is...

Страница 73: ...AN and WAN Ethernet connections are correctly made to operational devices each LNK or LNK ACT LED should be on If a LAN Ethernet port is connected to a device that operates at 100 Mbps the 100 LED sho...

Страница 74: ...Default Reset button on page 6 7 If the error persists you might have a hardware problem and should contact technical support LNK ACT LEDs Not On If either the LAN LNK ACT LED or WAN LNK LED does not...

Страница 75: ...CK is off when entering this information Try quitting the browser and launching it again If your router s IP address has been changed and you don t know the current IP address clear the router s confi...

Страница 76: ...router is still unable to obtain an IP address from the ISP the problem may be one of the following Your ISP may require a login program Ask your ISP whether they require PPP over Ethernet PPPoE or a...

Страница 77: ...rk Using a Ping Utility Most TCP IP terminal devices and routers contain a ping utility that sends an echo request packet to the designated device The device then responds with an echo reply Troublesh...

Страница 78: ...in the previous section are displayed If you do not receive replies Check that your PC has the IP address of your router listed as the default gateway If the IP configuration of your PC is assigned by...

Страница 79: ...curity Router General Specifications Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility Data and Routing Protocols TCP IP RIP 1 RIP 2 DHCP PPP over Ethernet PPPoE Power Adapter North America 120V 60 Hz inpu...

Страница 80: ...95 by 7 1 by 1 4 in Weight 1 1 kg 2 5 lb Environmental Specifications Operating temperature 0 to 40 C Operating humidity 90 maximum relative humidity noncondensing Electromagnetic Emissions Meets requ...

Страница 81: ...link such as a cable or DSL modem In order to make the best use of the slower WAN link a mechanism must be in place for selecting and transmitting only the data traffic meant for the Internet The fun...

Страница 82: ...oss the world every machine on the Internet must have a unique address to make sure that transmitted data reaches the correct destination Blocks of addresses are assigned to organizations by the Inter...

Страница 83: ...cluding network and host sections of the address for each address type Figure B 1 Three Main Address Classes The five address classes are Class A Class A addresses can have up to 16 777 214 hosts on a...

Страница 84: ...nd host address is implied by the class This partitioning scheme can also be expressed by a netmask associated with the IP address A netmask is a 32 bit quantity that when logically combined using an...

Страница 85: ...C addresses For example the IP address of 172 16 0 0 is assigned but node addresses are limited to 255 maximum allowing eight extra bits to use as a subnet address The IP address of 172 16 97 235 wou...

Страница 86: ...255 255 255 240 The following table displays several common netmask values in both the dotted decimal and the masklength formats Note The number 192 68 135 127 is not assigned because it is the broadc...

Страница 87: ...mple when using NAT you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems However the IANA has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks 10 0 0 0 10...

Страница 88: ...etworked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your ISP The router accomplishes this address sharing by translating the int...

Страница 89: ...work All stations on the network receive and read the request The destination IP address for the chosen station is included as part of the message so that only the station with this IP address respond...

Страница 90: ...irewalls When your LAN connects to the Internet through a router an opportunity is created for outsiders to access or disrupt your network A NAT router provides some protection because by the very nat...

Страница 91: ...ection an incoming packet is intercepted at the network layer and then analyzed for state related information associated with all network connections A central cache within the firewall keeps track of...

Страница 92: ...the perspective of the PC which is wired as Media Dependant Interface MDI In this wiring the PC transmits on pins 1 and 2 At the hub the perspective is reversed and the hub receives on pins 1 and 2 Th...

Страница 93: ...a crossover cable the orange and blue pairs will be exchanged from one connector to the other Auto MDI MDI X switching Some Ethernet switch products such as the Model RO318 router are able to sense th...

Страница 94: ...Reference Guide for the Model RO318 Cable DSL Security Router B 14 Networks Routing and Firewall Basics...

Страница 95: ...main Name Server A Domain Name Server DNS resolves descriptive names of network resources such as www NETGEAR com to numeric IP addresses Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP An Ethernet protocol...

Страница 96: ...r Most Significant Byte MRU See Maximum Receive Unit Maximum Receive Unit The size in bytes of the largest packet that can be sent or received Most Significant Bit or Most Significant Byte The portion...

Страница 97: ...on IP source and destination addresses Routing Information Protocol A protocol in which routers periodically exchange information with one another so that they can determine minimum distance paths be...

Страница 98: ...Reference Guide for the Model FR314 Cable DSL Firewall Router 4 Glossary...

Страница 99: ...4 2 5 7 2 B 13 customer support iii D default reset button 6 7 denial of service attack B 11 DHCP 1 4 5 3 B 10 DHCP Client ID 3 6 DHCP Setup 5 4 DHCP status 6 2 DMZ 1 3 5 7 DNS Proxy 1 4 5 4 DNS serv...

Страница 100: ...figuring for IP networking 3 5 DHCP Client ID 3 6 Obtaining ISP Configuration Information 3 9 MDI MDI X wiring B 12 Metric Static Route menu 5 10 Multicast 5 5 N NAT See Network Address Translation NE...

Страница 101: ...d 4 1 spoof MAC address 7 4 stateful packet inspection 1 3 B 11 Static Routes 5 8 subnet addressing B 5 subnet mask 3 8 3 9 B 5 T TCP IP configuring for network 3 1 network troubleshooting 7 5 TCP IP...

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