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Any frame (untagged, single tagged, dual tagged or multiple tagged) arriving at a

Tunnel

port will be added

the assigned VLAN ID and be sent to the opposite end over the modem port.

If the opposite end has a fully identical VLAN setup, the traffic will egress at the same port as the original
port without the added tag (same frame as the original frame with any customer VID). Internal VIDs inside
the hop are invisible to the outer world and no co-ordination with the customer VID is required.

Figure 65. Transparent tunnelling over a microwave hop. The tunnels are fully transparent to any frames and are
invisible to each other.

If it is desired to keep the assigned outer tag at the other end and aggregate traffic to a single port, then
the port type is set to trunk and assigning all VIDs to the same port. Figure 66 below.

Figure 66. Traffic aggregation. Customer tunnels terminated in a single

Trunk

port

Again, in this case the customer VIDs may be unknown, but the outer tags need to be coordinated on the
core network side and processed somewhere else in the network.

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Содержание ipasolink 400

Страница 1: ...NEC IPASOLINK 400 INSTALLATION AND PROVISIONING Pekka Linna NEC Finland Oy 2012...

Страница 2: ...ROTECTED CONFIGURATIONS 11 ETHERNET PROTECTION USING 2 0 OR XPIC 1 0 11 RADIO TRAFFIC AGGREGATION 11 CONFIGURATION DIAGRAMS 12 ASYMMETRICAL HOPS 15 EXTERNAL CONNECTION SPEED AND RADIO PATH CAPACITY 15...

Страница 3: ...UNIT INSTALLATION 28 VENTILATION 28 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS 28 POWER CONNECTION 29 ASSEMBLING THE POWER CABLE 29 ETHERNET CABLE CONNECTIONS 30 PDH CONNECTIONS 30 ODU INSTALLATION 30 6 GHZ ODU WITH...

Страница 4: ...9 NAMING OF THE IDU AND MODEMS 39 BASIC SETTINGS 39 PROVISIONING CLEAR 40 NETWORK MANAGEMENT NMS SETTINGS 47 MODEM SETTINGS 51 SYNCHRONIZATION SETTING 52 DATE AND TIME SETTING 55 NETWORK MANAGEMENT SE...

Страница 5: ...ORT QOS SETTINGS 82 QOS SETTINGS SUMMARY 84 COPYING SETTINGS FROM ONE IDU TO ANOTHER 85 PRECONFIGURATION FILES 90 KNOWN PROBLEMS 91 APPENDIX A RECEIVER THRESHOLD DATA 92 APPENDIX B MC A4 16E1 A MDR68...

Страница 6: ...A pair of channels separated by certain duplex spacing is required iPasolink uses licensed frequency bands The frequency administration provides interference free channels to different operators based...

Страница 7: ...over packet PWE Synchronous Ethernet etc options are available The highest capacities 400 Mbit s require access to a frequency band with 55 to 60 MHz channel spacing typically such channels are avail...

Страница 8: ...n be connected over the air Note that iPasolink IDU cannot interface to a previous generation e g PASOLINK NEO IDU However older generation ODUs can be reused with iPasolink IDUs There are certain lim...

Страница 9: ...ency signal It is modulated by the digital baseband signals and sent up to the ODU The demodulator part demodulates the intermediate frequency signal coming down from the ODU The demodulator includes...

Страница 10: ...s a Low Noise Amplifier LNA and a mixer filter which generates the receive direction IF signal The local oscillator LO frequencies are synthesized and controlled by the Control unit CTRL Transmitter o...

Страница 11: ...asolink is very high which means that the traffic MTBF of the 1 1 solution is extremely high provided that the first fault is repaired within a reasonable time within a few days The main disadvantage...

Страница 12: ...ATION DIAGRAMS Figures 5 to 7 present the available configurations for iPasolink Figure 5 Basic configurations From top to bottom Figure 5 shows first a basic 1 0 hop then a 1 1 Hot Standby HS and fin...

Страница 13: ...ically rerouted to the remaining working channel Half of the packet capacity is still available when one channel is faulty The bottom configuration in Fig 6 is an aggregation node solution separate si...

Страница 14: ...ngle antenna per site Double capacity is achieved without using any extra spectrum Note 1 0 XPIC partial protection for aggregated packet traffic is not automatic When a fault occurs preventing the us...

Страница 15: ...llation later ASYMMETRICAL HOPS Often the two ends of the hop are identical But it is possible to use a different IDU e g iPasolink 400 or 1000 in the aggregation node and iPasolink 200 or 100 in the...

Страница 16: ...al interface at L1 level including and counting all octets or if it is the L2 capacity The difference is only significant when small frames are used for the measurement IPASOLINK CAPACITY Table 1 show...

Страница 17: ...capacity with the smallest frame size If the capacity is defined using the smallest frames only that capacity cannot be achieved with real traffic and a larger average frame size This may cause SLA pr...

Страница 18: ...uing mechanism to the radio path The operator should design the radio capacity based on the traffic statistics and SLA requirements and define the QoS parameters required in the radio ADAPTIVE MODULAT...

Страница 19: ...or 99 999 availability for the full 256QAM 366 Mbit s This would mean using larger antennas and or shorter hop lengths i e additional CAPEX The adaptive modulation would then ensure that high priority...

Страница 20: ...6 114 229 Mbit s 128QAM 7 14 28 56 MHz 39 79 160 320 Mbit s 256QAM 7 14 28 56 MHz 45 90 183 366 Mbit s 512QAM 28 56 MHz 205 412 Mbit s Environmental conditions ODU for outdoor use IDU for temperature...

Страница 21: ...S class and optionally per VLAN For each egress port Queuing 4 or 8 classes 4xSP 4xDWRR SP 3xDWRR 8xSP SP 7xDWRR 2xSP 6xDWRR Shaping per class Buffer size setting per class Yellow Green threshold per...

Страница 22: ...ly blank cover mandatory when PS not installed in slot NEC XCB 1023 0 4 XPIC CABLE XPIC cable 40 cm two cables per XPIC modem pair NWA 055302 001 NWA 055302 101 16E1 A 16 x E1 interface card for unive...

Страница 23: ...unit configurations in the indoor unit and Figure 11 depicts the plug in units Figure 10 Indoor unit NWA 055268 001 and its ODU connection Figure 11 Universal Slot modules cards Note Modem A module th...

Страница 24: ...1 EXT IN OUT 2 DSC Digital Service Channel V 11 2 64 or 192 kbit s synchronous asynchronous RS 232C 2 asynchronous DCN Data Communications Network LCT 1 10 100BaseT X DHCP server at 172 17 254 253 fi...

Страница 25: ...NFIGURATIONS Figure 12 Modem positions for various single and dual IDU setups Figure 12 presents a summary on possible modem positions when using a single or dual IDU setup For additional detais see t...

Страница 26: ...e installations OPEN WAVEGUIDE AND OPTICAL CONNECTORS During the installation and operation it is important to remember at all times that any open microwave connection waveguide or coaxial will radiat...

Страница 27: ...PUBLIC EXPOSURE The antenna must not be installed in such a place where it causes too high exposure to the public The safe distance depends on the transmitter power antenna size and frequency band In...

Страница 28: ...ling but there has to be enough free space on each side of the IDU inside the rack because the air intake and fan exhaust is on the side Free space may be required when there is some other equipment r...

Страница 29: ...ch will accept four pieces of connector pins type number 1 175218 2 Figure 14 These connector pins female are for 0 5 to 1 3mm2 wires The connector kit is included in the standard delivery It is in pr...

Страница 30: ...is not pressed fully down All optical connectors should be cleaned using a cleaning tool Empty connectors have to be protected with plugs PDH CONNECTIONS There are several types of ready made E1 cabl...

Страница 31: ...equired for the ODU Either a coaxial cable or flexible wave guide is installed between the ODU and a separately installed antenna In case of the waveguide ODU version with PDR70 the flexible and twist...

Страница 32: ...rom NEC interface to the appropriate IEC standard waveguide interface 7 GHz uses UDR PDR84 flanges and 13 GHz uses PBR UBR140 See Figure 16 for the 7 GHz case Again UDR to PDR or PBR to UBR joints sho...

Страница 33: ...installation Both O rings must not be used Figure 18 below depicts the antenna flange The inner groove is for the PDR flange used for separate installation The larger outer groove is for the direct in...

Страница 34: ...by 90 degrees so that the waveguide opening is aligned with the antenna opening In order to fit the antenna the polarization guide pin has to be moved to the other available position marked with V for...

Страница 35: ...e actual connection between the two connectors is made The connector type has to be chosen so that the connection is water proof without using any external seal rubber tape covering the two connectors...

Страница 36: ...as short as possible without any unnecessary bends or loops If the grounding wire is too long it has to be cut to suitable length Coiling the extra length of wire is equivalent to leaving the groundin...

Страница 37: ...fault settings but it is advisable to set Tool Bar Tools Options Always ask me where to save files so that downloaded files can be saved directly to the proper folder It may be necessary to change the...

Страница 38: ...000 When using the NMS port for logging in use the NMS port address if the IDU Bridge1 address is unknown Then check the local and remote IDU Bridge1 addresses using the management interface and use t...

Страница 39: ...uld be named based on the site name and on the radio hop ID e g opposite site name hop ID following operator s conventions The IDU is named separately from the modem ports The alarms in the PNMSj are...

Страница 40: ...nd Security Management settings such as NMS port adresses and SNMP NMS and NTP server addresses etc remain unchanged Before the Provisioning Clear it is necessary to set the MAINT status on Select Pro...

Страница 41: ...41 Figure 27 Equipment Configuration Use Setup button to modify NE Name Give IDU name e g Site Name IDU IDU Maximum 32 characters no special characters Element setting Figure 27 NE Name...

Страница 42: ...d for cards that should not be used Note that cards should not be removed physically due to EMC and IDU cooling reasons unless a blank cover is installed Element setting Figure 28 Enabling and disabli...

Страница 43: ...indicates which modem is being set up Unfortunately the modem port name is not shown in this window shown in the Ethernet settings only ODU Information shows the available settings of the ODU connect...

Страница 44: ...idth This setting has to be the same at both ends of the hop Hop setting E1 and STM 1 Mapping CH Capacity reserved for E1 and STM 1 channels Change under AMR Radio Mapping Configuration Hop setting ET...

Страница 45: ...Radio Traffic Aggregation aggregating the Ethernet capacity of two modems operating on the same hop Hop setting Figure 30 Radio Configuration changes confirmed by OK Settings continue with AMR settin...

Страница 46: ...have not been aligned select AMR Non Operation Adaptive modulation changes the transmit power slightly which would cause problems during the alignment After the alignment is ready remember to select A...

Страница 47: ...DCN using the NMS port or in band connection The rest of the cluster is connected internally or by connecting NMS ports together at the intermediate sites The relevant settings are under Network Mana...

Страница 48: ...48 Figure continues on the next page...

Страница 49: ...ting NMS Root Element select Used Auto Negotiation Enabled and Discovery Usage Used LLDP Mode Standard This setting is correct for root elements Other elements Normally NMS port is Not Used unless two...

Страница 50: ...e 1 i e modem IP address is set according to the instructions of the DCN designer who manages the addresses Using the link 02 Bridge 2 i e the NMS port address is set etc Element setting NE1 or NMS or...

Страница 51: ...apter about the radio capacity MAC header compression would improve the packet rate and link throughput when the average packet size is very small less than 500 octets Note L1 compression is always us...

Страница 52: ...setting may need to be changed when this element is using MTPC and the opposite end is using ATPC and both without AMR Asymmetrical ATPC MTPC may be required in a hub by using ATPC at the remote site...

Страница 53: ...s synchronized to the modem towards the Master In this case there are several Slaves connected to each other but the timing is nevertheless derived indirectly from the Master IDU SETTINGS WITHOUT THE...

Страница 54: ...ITH THE CLOCK MODULE The settings are presented in Fig 39 and 40 Figure 39 Master setting with the Clock Card option Equipment Clock Setting MASTER Equipment CLK Mode Master Clock Source Selective Mod...

Страница 55: ...and 2 Figure 40 Slave settings with the Clock Card option DATE AND TIME SETTING The system may or may use NTP for the date and time setting In any case the Date and Time should be set initially in or...

Страница 56: ...ity Setting Security Management Service Status Setting Figure 42 Status of the management related services Service Status window should look like Figure 42 Other services should be running except for...

Страница 57: ...PNMSj server IP address and Subnet Mask 255 255 255 255 Note This is not the subnet mask where the NMS server is situated but the mask for checking the address validity Full mask checks all bits in t...

Страница 58: ...t elements Figure 45 shows the settings for the root element It is both a Client of the NTP server and a Server for the normal elements Unicast mode is used i e using IP addresses to communicate NTP V...

Страница 59: ...NTP Server Mode is now Disabled Note In a small network it would be possible to define all network elements as NTP Clients only and specify the same NTP server for all elements But in a large network...

Страница 60: ...TTP and HTTPS service settings Note that the HTTP service should never be disabled as the web interface will be disabled and restoring this setting would be impossible remotely The SFTP and HTTPS serv...

Страница 61: ...tting These settings have to be done at both ends of the hop before the alignment Note that the local settings affect the RX level measurement at the remote end Remember to restore the correct setting...

Страница 62: ...the alignment is to find the first side lobe of the pattern Note that the side lobes are circular around the round main lobe when looking behind the antenna The minima between the maxima are also circ...

Страница 63: ...ay be temporarily very high and unstable If the temporary weather is not the reason any permanent cause obstacle reflection antenna misalignment has to be removed Consult with the hop planner Too high...

Страница 64: ...figured for NMS use and NMS or between two NMS ports Note If one of the IDUs is Pasolink NEO its LLDP has to be enabled and the iPasolink IDU connected to the NEO using the NMS port has to have Connec...

Страница 65: ...the NMS traffic through the network to the remote cluster where an RICi unit is used to convert the E1 back to an Ethernet port connected to the root iPasolink NMS port MANAGEMENT USING METRO ETHERNE...

Страница 66: ...or Modify button allows to enable the MDR68 connector E1 ports to be used Select the impedance usually 120 ohms symmetric pair connected to the external cross connect frame The ports can be named if n...

Страница 67: ...o be connected to another modem so that these E1s are not available at the external connector but are transmitted directly to the next hop Provisioning E1 STM 1 Cross connect Setting Cross Connect Set...

Страница 68: ...pping Configuration the number of E1 channels carried by the radio were set for each AMR level If the modem E1 channel setting is changed then the extra cross connections are removed automatically Hol...

Страница 69: ...t 1 and 2 are electrical and port 3 and 4 are SFP slots Limitation each card MC A4 or GbE A accepts only one type of SFP at a time Port 3 and port 4 have to have the same SFP inserted or port 4 has to...

Страница 70: ...le is disconnected Link Down The correct Ethernet settings depend on the external equipment settings Figure 60 GbE settings Note Optical SPF allows selecting Electrical but that will cause an alarm VL...

Страница 71: ...outgoing Egress frames are handled The VLAN port types are explained first Type selection available depends on the BRIDGE VLAN mode The simplest way is to use the 802 1q mode and tunnelling The remote...

Страница 72: ...nly frames with the assigned tag VID Does not remove the tag Table 13 802 1q mode Ethernet frame TPID 0x8100 802 1ad type Ingress port action Egress port action C Access port Adds always the assigned...

Страница 73: ...rames All untagged frames will also be accepted and a tag with VID 200 is added to them Modem ports can only use trunk VLANs SAMPLE VLAN SETTINGS Provisioning ETH Function Setting VLAN Setting VLAN Li...

Страница 74: ...ld and no co ordination with the customer VID is required Figure 65 Transparent tunnelling over a microwave hop The tunnels are fully transparent to any frames and are invisible to each other If it is...

Страница 75: ...ection of settings not explained in this document version RSTP Setting In simple networks consisting of linear and branching point to point links this setting is not required STP Mode Disable Link Agg...

Страница 76: ...ertain QoS settings The next section describes the principles of iPasolink QoS operation in general TRAFFIC CLASSIFICATION PRINCIPLES The functional QoS block diagram of the IDU is presented in Figure...

Страница 77: ...too long it is marked Yellow or Red dropped Normally packet is Green Red limit is approximately CIR EIR for a continuous stream EC Egress Classifier 3 Classify frame to an Egress Queue Class based on...

Страница 78: ...s decide the internal priority over any L3 priority and it can be mapped as wanted to the internal priority single profile for all ports If the frame has no VLAN tag it is possible to select IP v4 Pre...

Страница 79: ...operator requirements and the settings should be modified for each case SAMPLE QOS POLICY In this example 802 1Q User Priority is used with four priority classes Class 0 BE Best Effort Class 1 BE Bes...

Страница 80: ...Select CoS C Tag Port Classification Mode for all ports Figure 69 Default Port Priority 0 for untagged frames Ingress Policer settings are left empty All frames are then treated equally The ingress po...

Страница 81: ...ssary Under Provisioning ETH Function Setting QoS Classification Setting Port Setting the Class Mode is selected following the example 8 classes Figure 72 This setting is common for all ports includin...

Страница 82: ...heduling shaping and WRED settings Figure 73 QoS Port Setting List The egress port queuing class for each ingress frame is set based on the ingress port and the internal priority in tab Port Setting T...

Страница 83: ...rst handling and on the other hand latency and jitter The Yellow Frame Threshold settings are meaningless if no colouring is used Green frames are being dropped in the WRED mode when the queue is 70 p...

Страница 84: ...ng egress frames queuing out of the equipment to this Ethernet port In most cases the bottle neck is the modem In that case only the middle part of the Ethernet QoS port setting the ingress frame mapp...

Страница 85: ...l MAINT led stops flashing The USB stick should now contain folder config with three CFG files Figure 78 Configuration files iPasolink equip contains settings under the Equipment Configuration Radio C...

Страница 86: ...ebooting Wait one more minute until the MAINT led stops flashing and remains OFF Remove the USB stick now The IDU should now operate using the settings copied from the USB folder COPYING SETTINGS USIN...

Страница 87: ...er if the file must not be overwritten RESTORING SETTINGS USING THE BROWSER Under Update Storage NE the files can be copied to the IDU either from PC disk or USB memory The following shows the use of...

Страница 88: ...Memory line A new window opens Figure 83 Select in the USB stick the config iPASOLINK equip cfg file and click OK Note that the system does not see any other folders than the config and inventory fold...

Страница 89: ...me impossible if the relevant settings are changed Figure 85 Select settings to copy to the IDU Accept the warning OK Figure 86 Figure 86 Warning accepted OK Close the browser window and wait for the...

Страница 90: ...and target IDUs have to be identically equipped See also Restoring Settings without a PC PRECONFIGURATION FILES Appendix D is a Quick Guide how to install a new IDU when the common default settings ha...

Страница 91: ...ower security settings in the browser Security Settings Low Disable the PC firewall this should never be a problem however Remove and reinstall the PC LAN card driver this will return the card to defa...

Страница 92: ...69 69 68 5 68 68 67 5 68 67 67 67 66 64 256QAM 65 5 65 5 65 64 5 64 5 64 64 5 63 5 63 5 63 5 62 5 60 5 BER 10 3 Above value 1 0dB System Gain dB measured at Ant port BER 10 6 6 28G 3 0 dB 32 42G 4 0...

Страница 93: ...71 70 70 70 69 67 256QAM 68 5 68 5 68 67 5 67 5 67 67 5 66 5 66 5 66 5 65 5 63 5 BER 10 3 Above value 1 0dB System Gain dB measured at Ant port BER 10 6 6 28G 3 0 dB 32 42G 4 0 dB QPSK 116 5 116 5 11...

Страница 94: ...4 5 74 74 73 5 74 73 73 73 72 70 256QAM 71 71 70 5 70 70 69 5 70 69 69 69 68 BER 10 3 Above value 1 0dB System Gain dB measured at Ant port BER 10 6 6 28G 3 0 dB 32 42G 4 0 dB QPSK 119 5 119 5 115 114...

Страница 95: ...out 30 Ch 2 in 37 46 55 64 4 Ch 15 in 13 Ch 11 out 22 Ch 6 in 31 Ch 2 out 38 47 56 65 5 Ch 15 out 14 Ch 10 in 23 Ch 6 out 32 Ch 1 in 39 48 57 66 6 Ch 14 in 15 Ch 10 out 24 Ch 5 in 33 ch 1 out 40 49 58...

Страница 96: ...Figure C 1 MC A4 card ALM SC CLK connector pin layout V11 IDT is the input data and ODT is the output data For synchronous V 11 ICK is the clock input and OCK is the clock output IFP and OFP are the i...

Страница 97: ...he USB stick now 5 Insert any additional cards now 6 Connect a PC to the LCT port 172 17 254 253 Admin 12345678 and do the element settings 7 Equipment Setup Equipment Configuration Setup button NE na...

Страница 98: ...g enable the required E1 ports cross connect the E1 channels 18 Check the NMS connection ping from the LCT port the NMS server IP address request pinging test from the NMS server to the NMS port and B...

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