Molecular Devices SpectraMax GEMINI EM, Руководство оператора

Страница: 26 / 64

Chapter 1
1-16 SpectraMax GEMINI EM Operator’s Manual
Glossary of
Terms
Automix
The Automix function determines how often, if at all, automated shaking of
the microplate is performed during a reading. This feature is covered by U.S.
Patent Number 5,112,134.
Emission Cutoff Filter
A long pass fi lter used to condition the emission light prior to detection by the
PMT. In automatic mode, the instrument sets the cutoffs automatically based
upon the wavelength(s) chosen for reading; in manual mode, you can choose
the
fi lter wavelength manually.
Endpoint
A single reading made at one or more excitation/emission wavelengths.
Emission Spectral Scan
Measures fl uorescence or luminescence across a spectrum of wavelengths for
emitted light at a fi xed excitation wavelength (or no excitation in the case of
luminescence). The default value reported for each well is the wavelength of
maximum
fl uorescence or luminescence.
Excitation Filter
Band pass fi lter that reduces the amount of extraneous lamp excitation light
prior to the excitation monochromator. In endpoint reads and emission spec-
tral scans, selection of excitation
fi lter is automatic. In excitation spectral
scans, the user has the choice of "no excitation fi lter" (for smoother scans) or
"auto excitation fi lter" in which case there may be slight glitches in the spec-
trum at the wavelengths where fi lter changes occur.
Excitation Spectral Scan
Measures fl uorescence at a single emission wavelength across a spectrum of
excitation wavelengths. The default value reported for each well is the excita-
tion wavelength of maximum
fl uorescence.
Fluorescence
The light emitted by certain substances resulting from the absorption of inci-
dent radiation. To measure
fl uorescence accurately, it is necessary to reduce
light scatter. The governing equation for fl uorescence is:
Fluorescence = extinction coef fi cient * concentration * quantum
yield * excitation intensity * pathlength * emission collection ef fi -
ciency
Fluorophore
A material which absorbs light energy of a characteristic wavelength, under-
goes an electronic state change, and emits light of a longer wavelength.
Gain
The amount of increase in signal power expressed as the ratio of output to
input.