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Metrotech 9800XT SFL2 Series, Руководство по эксплуатации

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33

8 Advanced Techniques 

 

8.1 Faults Under Inaccessible Surfaces. 

      When the faults exist beneath a paved or other inaccessible area, the fault may be   
       located using one of the following methods. 
 

       8.1.1. Perpendicular Method. 

       Carefully trace the location of the faulty conductor.  Hold the A-Frame parallel to the   
       cable path.  As you move away from the ground rod the bar graph and the active  
       number will gradually decrease until reaching the midpoint.  It will then increase  
       until reaching the fault.  When the A-Frame center passes a line perpendicular to the  
       sheath fault, the directional arrow indicators will rapidly change positions and the bar  
       graph and active number will drop to zero. See 

Figure 8-1

.

 

 
 
 
 

Paved Surface

Cable

Fault

 

 

 

Figure 8-1: Perpendicular Method 

 
 
 
 
 
 

Содержание 9800XT SFL2 Series

Страница 1: ...hville TN 37217 Dr Herbert Iann St 6 800 446 3392 800 624 6210 96148 Baunach Germany 408 734 1400 Direct 615 366 7323 Direct 49 9544 680 408 734 1415 Fax 615 360 9855 Fax 49 9544 2273 Fax www metrotech com nashville metrotech com service sebakmt com sales metrotech com Warranty One year Specifications Subject to change without notice ISO 9001 2000 Certified Copyright 2008 All Rights Reserved Rev 1...

Страница 2: ...delines of ISO 9001 and ensures quality in its design development production installation and servicing disciplines Metrotech Corporation 2005 2008 Metrotech Corporation 3251 Olcott Street Santa Clara CA 95054 USA Tel 1 800 446 3392 1 408 734 1400 Fax 1 408 734 1415 E mail sales metrotech com Internet www metrotech com Revision C 12 1 07 ...

Страница 3: ...Features 21 5 Principles of Operation 22 5 1 Functional Theory 22 5 1 1 Earth Voltage Gradient 24 5 1 2 Equipotentials 24 5 1 3 Multiple Fault Patterns 26 5 1 4 Distortion Due to Adjacent Conductors 26 6 Checkout Procedure 27 7 Operation 29 7 1 Check the Batteries Prior to Going into the Field 29 7 2 Ensure all conductors are de energized 29 7 3 Lift the Grounds 29 7 4 Attach the Transmitter to th...

Страница 4: ...endicular Method 33 8 1 2 Triangulation Method 34 8 2 Faults Under Pavement 35 8 3 Long Distance Tracing 35 8 4 High and Low Impedance Faults 36 8 5 Multiple Faults 36 9 Maintenance 37 9 1 Receiver Battery Replacement 37 9 2 Service Center 38 Appendix 39 Copyright 40 Warranty 41 ...

Страница 5: ...4 2 Transmitter Controls Panel 16 Figure 4 3 A Frame Controls and Indicators 20 Figure 5 1 Typical SFL 2 Transmitter Connection 23 Figure 5 2 Signal Pattern Around Fault and Ground Point 24 Figure 5 3 Multiple Fault Signal Patterns 26 Figure 6 1 Checkout Test Set Up 27 Figure 7 1 Synchronizing the A frame 30 Figure 7 2 Fault Confirmation 31 Figure 8 1 Perpendicular Method 33 Figure 8 2 Triangulati...

Страница 6: ...trength LCD on the A Frame for judging proximity to faults comparing multiple faults and detecting pinholes and trees in power cable Detection of low and high resistance faults Automatic battery checking and low battery warning Non polarized A Frame Single handed operation No need to carry locator receiver as well as A frame Operation of the unit is completely automatic there are no operator adjus...

Страница 7: ...ngs 2 Familiarize yourself with all required safety practices of the local utility company or other owner of the plant before entering an access area or connecting a Metrotech transmitter 3 Before connecting transmitter directly to any conductor make sure that the line is de energized and out of service Never make a direct connection to a live power cable 4 If you use the Metroclamp on energized e...

Страница 8: ...esult 4 Attach Transmitter to Conductor Check Fault Resistance 1 Turn Transmitter OFF 2 Plug Black and Red leads into the Transmitter 3 Stretch Black lead 180 degrees away from conductor 4 Push grounding rod into earth and clamp black lead to grounding rod Establish the best ground possible See figure 3 2 5 Clamp Red lead to target conductor sheath See Figure 3 3 6 Turn Transmitter power knob to S...

Страница 9: ... Black Lead to Ground Rod Figure 3 3 Clamping Red Lead to Conductor 5 Use the 9800XT Line Locator Receiver to Trace the Cable Trace and mark the cable as you proceed towards the fault Figure 3 4 Locating the Targeted Cable ...

Страница 10: ...e spikes into the ground Switch the Receiver ON wait until arrow flashes Figure 3 5 Positioning of A Frame Receiver for Synchronization 2 Monitor bar graph LCD display for arrow direction If the arrow points away from the ground rod there is a fault 3 If the arrow points towards the ground rod there is no fault and grounds and connections need to be rechecked 4 The number of bars on the LCD indica...

Страница 11: ...7 Figure 3 6 Locating the Cable Fault with A Frame Receiver ...

Страница 12: ...in fault 4 Insert the A Frame every two feet until the arrow changes direction again 5 Move the A Frame across the cable until a slight movement causes the arrow to change direction The fault is located at the center of the A Frame 6 Check entire cable for multiple faults If more faults are present check the active number at each fault site and compare it to the reference number The higher the act...

Страница 13: ...eception Which can be determined by turning to the locating equipment off and on We suggest the user try to eliminate the interference by one or more of the following measures Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna Move the equipment away from the Receiver Plug the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the Receiver powered If necessary the user should consult the d...

Страница 14: ...ted the standard equipment may include Part Model Description Remarks 9860XT_FXT 4 8 Hz 9 82kHz 82 kHz Transmitter 9890XT_FXT 4 8Hz 982 Hz 9 8 kHz 82 kHz Transmitter 9860XT_FXT 9 82kHz 82 kHz 50 60 Hz Receiver 14 22 kHz 9890XT_FXT 982 Hz 9 8 kHz 82 kHz Receiver 50 60 Hz 14 22 kHz 10498 4 8Hz A Frame Receiver 400B196 1 Red Test Cable 400B196 2 Black Test Cable 600A113 Operating Manual 500B353 Foam ...

Страница 15: ...and Accessories Standard 1 9800XT Receiver 2 9800XT Transmitter 3 Conductive Attachments 4 Ground Rod 5 Carrying Case 6 SFL 2 Receiver 7 Operation Manual Accessories 8 MetroClamp 9 Flex Sonde 10 High Power Sonde 11 Standard Power Sonde ...

Страница 16: ...nductive jumper cable Coupling or Cable ID 4890 8 Metroclamp and For Inductive jumper cable Coupling or Cable ID 400B246 Conductive Attachment Telephone style Clips 400A132 100 Ground Lead Extension 400B252 Vehicle Mount Charger For use with rechargeable transmitter batteries 500D082 A Frame Carrying Case 183048 Head Phones For use in high noise level areas 10126 Live Power Connector Use at 9 8kHz...

Страница 17: ... Automatic Best Frequency Selection Nominal Output Power Conductive Mode Model Watts 9860XT 3 9890XT 3 Output power limited to 7W at 82kHz Power Settings Low and High all models Battery Type Ten D Cells Optional Rechargeable NiCd Battery Life Alkaline 28 70 hours NiCd 9 22 hours Continuous use depending on power and Frequency selection Battery Check Automatic at start up Operation Temperature 4º t...

Страница 18: ...graph 72 dB Output Indication Bargraph LCD Flashing LCD arrows point to fault 12 segment LCD bar graph indicates signal level each bar 6dB Battery 9 V NEDA 1604 or equivalent Battery Life 100 hours continuous use Battery Test Automatic at power on Weight 4 4 lb 2 0 kg Dimensions 32 in H x 22 in W x 1 in 81 cm x 56 cm x 2 5 cm Operational Temp 4 to 120 degrees F ...

Страница 19: ...ions Distance Sensitive Left Right GuidanceTM Real Time Continuous Gain Adjustment TM and Manual Gain Control Simultaneous Peak and Null DisplayTM Current Measurement Backlighting Standard on all 9800XT receivers Serial link RS232 Battery Type Six AA Cells Battery Life 30 hours continuous use 24 hours continuous backlit use Battery Check Continuous Automatic Operation Temperature 4º to 122º F 20º ...

Страница 20: ...e Do not touch these jacks electrical shock will result See Figure 4 2 for location of Transmitter controls and indicators described below Figure 4 2 Transmitter Control Panel 1 Output Clamp Jack 2 Conductor Arrow 3 Charge Jack 4 Frequency Knob 5 LCD Display 6 Power Knob 7 Battery Access Caps 8 SFL Conductive Attachment Output Jack ...

Страница 21: ... 14 hours Recharge or replace the Transmitter batteries when the battery charge indicator gets below 5 bars FAULT TEST The ohm meter indicates the battery charge level and total fault resistance measured on the conductor The meter continuously displays this value during operation POWER KNOB Turn the Power Knob to the SFL position to activate fault locating An audible pulsing tone indicates Transmi...

Страница 22: ... on your conductor and your faulted cable OUTPUT LEVEL The solid bars indicate the amount of signal strength current output on your conductor POOR CONDUCTOR AND IMPROPER SELECTION Entire display blinks and Transmitter beeps very fast or emits a constant beeping tone SPEAKER not shown Transmitter audio tone changes according to operating function Speaker Tone Description Every 5 seconds Good transm...

Страница 23: ...kHz 82kHz L Low 0 3 watts 0 3 watts 0 15 watts M Medium 1 watt 1 watt 0 25 watts H High 3 watts 3 watts 3 watts Sheath Fault Locating 0 5 watts 0 35 watts Sheath Fault Locating Set at this option for simultaneous sheath fault locating capability The SFL 2 A Frame will receive the 4 8Hz sheath fault locating frequency the 9800XT Receiver will receive the selected active frequency ...

Страница 24: ...n OFF LCD Bargraph Display The bargraph indicates three types of Information Battery Status The solid bars indicate the battery level If only one bar appears replace the battery 1 each 9 volt The battery status is ON for 3 seconds at turn on Direction of Fault The flashing arrows will display the direction to the fault Magnitude of Fault The number of bars displayed reflect the magnitude of the fa...

Страница 25: ...panel Remove the two thumbscrews to release the plate See Figure 9 1 on page 37 4 7 2 Conductive Pads The A Frame Receiver is shipped with two protective foam pads with large washers attached to the Receiver probes These pads are used for tracing on dry hard surfaces Protect and save these conductive pads and washers ...

Страница 26: ...tical The cable equivalent of sealing off the pipe is to lift all connections at both ends of the cable creating a high resistance open condition The water in this case is the current flowing through the cable towards the fault We look for the current leak with an A Frame Both ends of the cable must be disconnected from ground The SFL Transmitter applies a low frequency signal 4 8 Hz between and i...

Страница 27: ...23 Figure 5 1 Typical SFL 2 Transmitter Connection 1 Black Lead 2 Red Lead 3 Ground Rod 4 Fault 5 Faulty conductor open on both ends 2 1 3 4 5 ...

Страница 28: ...e LCD display indicates the relative distance to the fault and it is size 5 1 1 Earth Voltage Gradient Note in Figure 5 2 that the gradient pattern appears to be concentric circles near the fault Properly interpreting this pattern is the key to successful operation of the 9800SFL unit 5 1 2 Equipotentials The circles shown in Figure 5 2 represent lines of equal voltage The boxes show what the bar ...

Страница 29: ...turn toward the Transmitter the zero point was a fault As you continue they will increase until you reach the fault Nearly 70 of the signal exists within the last 1 3 of the distance between the ground spike and the fault The amount of signal measured and displayed by the A Frame is proportional to the number of field lines in Figure 5 2 between the A Frame spikes Thus the maximum signal point occ...

Страница 30: ...g the procedure described in Section 7 7 We recommend that multiple faults be attacked one at a time i e whenever a fault is positively located it should be repaired before looking for the other faults F1 F2 Figure 5 3 Multiple Fault Signal Patterns 5 1 4 Distortion Due to Adjacent Conductors Whenever an un insulated adjacent conductor lies between a fault and the ground return point the return cu...

Страница 31: ...cator does not show at least 5 bars replace of recharge the batteries Turn the Transmitter OFF Turn the A Frame Receiver ON The solid bars indicate the battery level If only one bar appears replace the battery 1 each 9 volt The battery status is ON for 3 seconds at turn on 2 Connect the Test Cables Connect the test cables to the external OUTPUT JACKS Red cable to red jack nd black cable to black j...

Страница 32: ...POWER Knob ON Listen for a tone burst and note the indicator for battery condition 5 Synchronize the Receiver Hold the A Frame so the black spike is closest to the ground connection Push the A Frame into the ground 6 Push the Receiver On Off Switch to ON The A Frame Receiver will repeat is battery test After the battery test the arrow facing the simulated fault red test clamp flashes and a potenti...

Страница 33: ...ult CAUTION Do not place a shorting bar across external Output Jacks or connect the two leads together Damage to the Transmitter may result 7 4 Attach the Transmitter to the conductor and check the fault resistance 1 Turn the Transmitter OFF 2 Plug the Black and Red leads into the Transmitter 3 Clamp Red lead to target conductor sheath Make sure the red clamp does not make contact with any leaves ...

Страница 34: ...ault At the ground rod the black A Frame spike must be nearest the ground rod At a fault the white A Frame spike must be nearest the fault 1 Hold the A Frame so the black spike is closest to the ground rod 2 Push the A Frame spikes into the ground 3 Switch the Receiver ON Wait until the arrow flashes 4 If the arrow points away from the ground spike there is a fault 5 If the arrow points towards th...

Страница 35: ...31 Figure 7 2 Fault Confirmation ...

Страница 36: ...ed to receive strong signal 4 When the arrow changes direction back track Check the active number and compare it to the reference number If both active and reference numbers have the same or similar value you have found the major fault 5 Insert the A Frame every two feet until the arrow changes direction again then turn it 90 degrees Check for obvious causes where a fault is suspected such as rece...

Страница 37: ...d the A Frame parallel to the cable path As you move away from the ground rod the bar graph and the active number will gradually decrease until reaching the midpoint It will then increase until reaching the fault When the A Frame center passes a line perpendicular to the sheath fault the directional arrow indicators will rapidly change positions and the bar graph and active number will drop to zer...

Страница 38: ...face Cable Fault Figure 8 2 Triangulation Method To find an equipotential circle see Figure 8 3 insert the A Frame into the ground and pivot around one spike Rotate the A Frame back and forth until the exact point is found where the flashing arrows change direction The A Frame is now on an equipotential circle and is perpendicular to the fault By marking this line and repeating the process with th...

Страница 39: ...rtionally reduced This condition can lead to problems if the signal levels are reduced to the point that they can no longer be detected by the A Frame Whenever working with weak signals due to long distance faults or other reasons increased sensitivity can be obtained by extending the distance between the A Frame spikes using the extension cable This extension method can be applied to any of the p...

Страница 40: ... from the ground point The higher the impedance of the fault the closer you must be to detect it For Example If the A Frame only reliably points away from the ground connection within 10 feet then the A frame will only detect the fault within about 10 feet Outside this distance the signal is too weak to reliably detect For this reason we highly recommend tracing and marking the line before searchi...

Страница 41: ...s located on the underside of the Receiver housing Gently pull out battery door Be careful not to pull on the battery wires Remove battery from battery holder and disconnect battery Reverse procedure for installing new battery Connector Figure 9 1 Receiver Battery Replacement ...

Страница 42: ...Fax 615 360 9855 E mail Nashville metrotech com Metrotech Northeast Sales Service Center 89 South Commerce Way Suite 940 Bethlehem PA 18017 Telephone 866 644 8537 610 861 1996 Fax 610 861 1935 E mail ecoast service metrotech com Internet www metrotech com European Service Center Seba Dynatronic Mess Und Ortungs technick GmbH Dr Herbert Iann Str 6 D 96148 Baunach Germany Telephone 49 9544 680 Fax 4...

Страница 43: ...______ Gas oil petroleum or other gaseous materials Yellow _______________________________________________ Sewers storm and sanitary drain lines Green ______________________________________________ _ Water irrigation or slurry lines Blue Note If you have any questions regarding marking requirements or procedures in the United States please call you local One Call Center International customers ple...

Страница 44: ...merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose Metrotech shall not be liable for errors contained herein nor for incidental or consequential damages from the furnishing of this information This manual contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright All rights are reserved No part of this manual may be photo copied reproduced magnetically stored transmitted or translated into ...

Страница 45: ...her than those approved by Metrotech Warranty does not include batteries Expendable items such as fuses and lamps are excluded Any detection product proved defective under this warranty will be repaired or replaced free or charge at the Metrotech Corporation factory or approved Metrotech repair station The equipment should be returned to our factory by prepaid transportation after requesting and r...

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