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MI 2892 Power Master

Theory and internal operation

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- RMS or arithmetic average for each interval is recorded (see 5.1.15 for details).
- Minimal value for each interval is recorded.

- Active RMS or arithmetic average (AvgON) for each interval is recorded (see 5.1.15 for details).

5

Theory and internal operation

This section contains basic theory of measuring functions and technical information of the internal
operation of the Power Master instrument, including descriptions of measuring methods and logging
principles.

5.1

Measurement methods

5.1.1

Measurement aggregation over time intervals

Standard compliance: IEC 61000-4-30 Class A (Section 4.4)

The basic measurement time interval for:



Voltage



Current



Power



Harmonics



Interharmonics



Signalling



Unbalance

is a 10/12-cycle time interval. The 10/12-cycle measurement is resynchronized on each Interval tick
according to the IEC 61000-4-30 Class A. Measurement methods are based on the digital sampling of the
input signals, synchronised to the fundamental frequency. Each input (4 voltages and 4 currents) is
simultaneously sampled.

5.1.2

Voltage measurement (magnitude of supply voltage)

Standard compliance: IEC 61000-4-30 Class A (Section 5.2)

All voltage measurements represent RMS values of the voltage magnitude over a 10/12-cycle time
interval. Every interval is contiguous, and not overlapping with adjacent intervals.

L1

L3

L2

N

GND

U

1

U

2

U

3

U

N

U

1

2

U

2

3

U

3

1

Figure 5.1: Phase and Phase-to-phase (line) voltage

Voltage values are measured according to the following equation:

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Содержание power master MI 2892

Страница 1: ...Power Master MI 2892 Instruction manual Version 8 2 2 Code No 20 752 217...

Страница 2: ...el metrel si Mark on your equipment certifies that this equipment meets the requirements of the EU European Union concerning safety and interference causing equipment regulations 2017 METREL No part o...

Страница 3: ...nt submenus 27 3 5 U I f 29 3 5 1 Meter 29 3 5 2 Scope 31 3 5 3 Trend 32 3 6 Power 34 3 6 1 Meter 34 3 6 2 Trend 37 3 7 Energy 40 3 7 1 Meter 40 3 7 2 Trend 41 3 7 3 Efficiency 42 3 8 Harmonics interh...

Страница 4: ...ent info 104 3 22 6 Lock Unlock 105 3 22 7 Colour model 106 4 Recording Practice and Instrument Connection 108 4 1 Measurement campaign 108 4 2 Connection setup 112 4 2 1 Connection to the LV Power Sy...

Страница 5: ...2 5 Interharmonic voltage 181 5 2 6 Mains signalling on the supply voltage 181 5 2 7 Flicker severity 181 5 2 8 Voltage dips 181 5 2 9 Voltage swells 182 5 2 10 Short interruptions of the supply volta...

Страница 6: ...196 6 3 1 General recorder 196 6 3 2 Waveform inrush recorder 196 6 3 3 Waveform snapshot 197 6 3 4 Transients recorder 197 6 4 Standards compliance 198 6 4 1 Compliance to the IEC 61557 12 198 6 4 2...

Страница 7: ...memory card sizes up to 32 GB are supported 4 voltage channels with wide measurement range up to 1000 Vrms CAT III 1000 V with support for medium and high voltage systems Simultaneous voltage and cur...

Страница 8: ...s split logging data into multiple measurements or extract data of interest o Instrument remote access over internet connection 1 2 Safety considerations To ensure operator safety while using the Powe...

Страница 9: ...rements EN 61010 2 030 2010 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement control and laboratory use Part 2 030 Particular requirements for testing and measuring circuits EN 61010 031 2...

Страница 10: ...tral current crest factor See 5 1 3 for definition CFU Voltage crest factor including CFUpg phase p to phase g voltage crest factor and CFUp phase p to neutral voltage crest factor See 5 1 2 for defin...

Страница 11: ...ve sequence fundamental power factor Minus sign indicates generated power and plus sign indicates consumed power Suffix ind cap represents inductive capacitive character See 5 1 5 for definition DPF t...

Страница 12: ...es generated and plus sign indicates consumed energy See 5 1 6 for definition Eq Recorded phase fundamental reactive energy including Eqp phase p reactive energy Minus sign indicates generated and plu...

Страница 13: ...ctive power Minus sign indicates generated and plus sign indicates consumed power See 5 1 5 for definitions P Recorded phase active fundamental and nonfundamental power including Pp phase p active pow...

Страница 14: ...power Minus sign indicates generated and plus sign indicates consumed active power See 5 1 5 for definitions PFind PFcap Instantaneous phase combined fundamental and nonfundamental power factor inclu...

Страница 15: ...Instantaneous total vector combined fundamental and nonfundamental power factor Minus sign indicates generated power and plus sign indicates consumed power Suffix ind cap represents inductive capacit...

Страница 16: ...ctor power Minus sign indicates generated and plus sign indicate consumed nonactive power See 5 1 5 for definition Ntotind Ntotcap Recorded total vector combined fundamental and nonfundamental nonacti...

Страница 17: ...undamental total arithmetic reactive power See 5 1 6 for definition Q totcap Q totind Instantaneous positive sequence of total fundamental reactive power Suffix ind cap represents inductive capacitive...

Страница 18: ...hase g voltage THD and THDUp phase p to neutral voltage THD See 5 1 11 for definition u Negative sequence voltage ratio See 5 1 11 for definition u0 Zero sequence voltage ratio See 5 1 11 for definiti...

Страница 19: ...g USigpg phase p to phase g half cycle signalling voltage and USigp phase p to neutral half cycle signalling voltage Signalling is a burst of signals often applied at a non harmonic frequency that rem...

Страница 20: ...lect parameters 4 ENTER key Step into submenu 5 ESC key Exits any procedure confirms new settings 6 SHORTCUT keys Quick access to main instrument functions 7 LIGHT key BEEP OFF Adjust LCD backlight in...

Страница 21: ...ort term voltage of external power supply adapter is 14 V Figure 2 2 Top connector panel Top connector panel layout 1 Clamp on current transformers I1 I2 I3 IN input terminals 2 Voltage L1 L2 L3 N GND...

Страница 22: ...on Pieces Flexible current clamp 3000 A 300 A 30 A A 1227 4 Temperature probe A 1354 1 Colour coded test probe 5 Colour coded crocodile clip 5 Colour coded voltage measurement lead 5 USB cable 1 RS232...

Страница 23: ...figure below Escape Function keys Cursor keys Enter Press Hold to disable beeper Power On Off Status bar Backlight On Off Shortcut keys Press Hold for waveform snapshoot Figure 3 1 Display symbols and...

Страница 24: ...onal accessory A 1355 GPS module detected but reporting invalid time and position data Searching for satellites or too weak satellite signal GPS time valid valid satellite GPS time signal Instrument a...

Страница 25: ...shown at the bottom of the screen and depends on selected instrument function Shortcut keys are shown in table below They provide quick access to the most common instrument functions Table 3 2 Shortc...

Страница 26: ...2 Insert microSD card into a slot on the instrument card should be putted upside down as shown on figure 3 Close instrument cover Note Do not turn off the instrument while microSD card is accessed du...

Страница 27: ...tings GENERAL SETUP submenu Provide access to the various instrument settings Table 3 4 Keys in Main menu Selects submenu Enters selected submenu 3 4 1 Instrument submenus By pressing ENTER key in Mai...

Страница 28: ...MI 2892 Power Master Operating the instrument 28 Figure 3 6 Measurements submenu Figure 3 7 Recorders submenu Figure 3 8 Measurement setup submenu Figure 3 9 General setup submenu...

Страница 29: ...urrent and frequency parameters can be observed in the U I f screens Measurement results can be viewed in a tabular METER or a graphical form SCOPE TREND TREND view is active only in RECORDING mode Se...

Страница 30: ...2 current measured after RESET key F2 MIN Minimal URms 1 2 voltage and minimal IRms 1 2 current measured after RESET key F2 f Frequency on reference channel Note In case of overloading current or ove...

Страница 31: ...END Switches to TREND view available only during recording Triggers Waveform snapshot Returns to the MEASUREMENTS submenu 3 5 2 Scope Various combinations of voltage and current waveforms can be displ...

Страница 32: ...ows waveforms for neutral channel 1 2 3 N Shows all phase waveforms 1 2 3 N Shows all phase to phase waveforms 12 23 31 Shows waveforms for phase L12 12 23 31 Shows waveforms for phase L23 12 23 31 Sh...

Страница 33: ...Instrument screen symbols and abbreviations U1 U2 U3 Un U12 U23 U31 Maximal average and minimal value of phase RMS voltage U1 U2 U3 UN or line voltage U12 U23 U31 for time interval IP selected by cur...

Страница 34: ...Shows trend for phases L31 12 23 31 Shows all phase to phase trends METER Switches to METER view SCOPE Switches to SCOPE view TREND Switches to TREND view Moves cursor and selects time interval IP for...

Страница 35: ...l and nonfundamental active power P1 P2 P3 Ptot In Fundamental column Fundamental active phase power Pfund1 Pfund2 Pfund3 N Combined fundamental and nonfundamental nonactive phase power N1 N2 N3 and n...

Страница 36: ...parent power S 1 S 2 S 3 Se Total effective nonfundamental apparent power Se tot D Phase current distortion power D 1 D 2 D 3 De Total effective current distortion power De tot D Phase voltage distort...

Страница 37: ...e MEASUREMENTS submenu 3 6 2 Trend During active recording TREND view is available see section 3 14 for instructions how to start GENERAL RECORDER Figure 3 26 Power trend screen Table 3 14 Instrument...

Страница 38: ...onsumed Q1ind Q2ind Q3ind Q totind or generated Q1ind Q2ind Q3ind Q totind fundamental reactive inductive power for time interval IP selected by cursor Qc1 Qc2 Qc3 Q c View Fundamental power Maximal a...

Страница 39: ...ected option Exits selection window without change If Combined power is selected P Ni Nc S PFi Pfc Shows combined active power trend P Ni Nc S PFi Pfc Shows combined inductive nonactive power trend P...

Страница 40: ...r and selects time interval IP for observation Returns to the MEASUREMENTS submenu 3 7 Energy 3 7 1 Meter Instrument shows status of energy counters in energy menu Results can be seen in a tabular MET...

Страница 41: ...tals METER Switches to METER view TREND Switches to TREND view EFF Switches to EFFICIENCY view Triggers Waveform snapshot Returns to the MEASUREMENTS submenu 3 7 2 Trend TREND view is available only d...

Страница 42: ...REND Switches to TREND view EFF Switches to EFFICIENCY view Returns to the MEASUREMENTS submenu 3 7 3 Efficiency EFFICIENCY view is available only during active recording see section 3 14 for instruct...

Страница 43: ...er LAST shows average fundamental capacitive reactive power in the last interval MAX shows average fundamental capacitive reactive power in interval where Ep was maximal Sn avg Sen avg Phase nonfundam...

Страница 44: ...orded interval TOT LAST MAX Shows parameters for interval where active energy was maximal 1 2 3 T Shows energy records for phase L1 1 2 3 T Shows energy records for phase L2 1 2 3 T Shows energy recor...

Страница 45: ...in RMS V A h1 h50 n th harmonic voltage Uhn or current Ihn component in of fundamental voltage current harmonic or in RMS V A ih0 ih50 n th interharmonic voltage Uihn or current Iihn component in of...

Страница 46: ...interharmonics components for phase to phase voltages METER Switches to METER view BAR Switches to BAR view AVG Switches to AVG average view available only during recording TREND Switches to TREND vi...

Страница 47: ...without change Selects between single phases and neutral channel harmonics interharmonics bars 1 2 3 N Shows harmonics interharmonics components for phase L1 1 2 3 N Shows harmonics interharmonics com...

Страница 48: ...ions used in AVG screens are shown in table below Table 3 26 Instrument screen symbols and abbreviations Ux h01 h50 Average voltage harmonic interharmonic component in VRMS and in of fundamental volta...

Страница 49: ...2 23 31 Shows harmonics interharmonics components for phases L31 METER Switches to METER view BAR Switches to BAR view AVG Switches to AVG average view available only during recording TREND Switches t...

Страница 50: ...nd average value of selected DC current component for selected phase Uh01 Uh50 Uih01 Uih50 Interval maximal and average value for selected n th voltage harmonic interharmonic component for selected ph...

Страница 51: ...phase to phase voltage L31 METER Switches to METER view BAR Switches to BAR view AVG Switches to AVG average view available only during recording TREND Switches to TREND view available only during re...

Страница 52: ...e measured in last 10 minutes Plt Long term flicker 2h Pst for each phase measured in last 2 hours Table 3 31 Keys in Flickers METER screen HOLD Holds measurement on display Hold clock time will be di...

Страница 53: ...een the following options Pst Plt Pstmin Shows 10 min short term flicker Pst Pst Plt Pstmin Shows long term flicker Plt Pst Plt Pstmin Shows 1 min short term flicker Pst1min Selects between trending v...

Страница 54: ...en is shown see figure below Figure 3 36 Phase diagram screen Table 3 34 Instrument screen symbols and abbreviations U1 U2 U3 Fundamental voltages Ufund1 Ufund2 Ufund3 with relative phase angle to Ufu...

Страница 55: ...ual Diagram is shown on figure below Figure 3 37 Unbalance diagram screen Table 3 36 Instrument screen symbols and abbreviations U0 I0 Zero sequence voltage component U0 Zero sequence current componen...

Страница 56: ...TS submenu 3 10 3Unbalance trend During active recording UNBALANCE TREND view is available see section 3 14 for instructions how to start GENERAL RECORDER Figure 3 38 Symmetry trend screen Table 3 38...

Страница 57: ...submenu 3 11Temperature Power Master instrument is capable of measuring and recording temperature with Temperature probe A 1354 Temperature is expressed in both units Celsius and Fahrenheit degrees S...

Страница 58: ...erature in Celsius degrees 0 C 0 F Shows temperature in Fahrenheit degrees METER Switches to METER view TREND Switches to TREND view available only during recording Returns to the MEASUREMENTS submenu...

Страница 59: ...ion and overdeviation METER screen HOLD Holds measurement on display Hold clock time will be displayed in the right top corner RUN Runs held measurement Selects between trending various parameters Sho...

Страница 60: ...corresponding overdeviation voltage U1Over U2Over U3Over U12Over U23Over U31Over expressed in of nominal voltage Table 3 47 Keys in Underdeviation and Overdeviation TREND screens Selects between the...

Страница 61: ...3 43 Signalling meter screen Description of symbols and abbreviations used in METER screen is shown in table below Table 3 48 Instrument screen symbols and abbreviations Sig1 316 0 Hz True effective v...

Страница 62: ...13 13 50 00 Timestamp of interval IP selected by cursor 22h 25m 00s Current GENERAL RECORDER time Days hours min sec Table 3 51 Keys in Signalling TREND screen Selects between the following options f1...

Страница 63: ...table screen Table 3 52 Instrument screen symbols and abbreviations No Signalling event number L Phases on which signalling event occurred F Flag indication 0 none of intervals are flagged 1 at least...

Страница 64: ...elow Figure 3 46 General recorder setup screen Description of General recorder settings is given in the following table Table 3 54 General recorder settings description and screen symbols General reco...

Страница 65: ...e form and capture event waveform using Waveform recorder with Event type trigger and set duration defined in Waveform recorder setup screen see 5 1 13 for details Off Events are not recorded Include...

Страница 66: ...date time setup Keys in Set start time window Selects parameter to be changed Modifies parameter Confirms selected option Exits Set start time window without modifications Selects parameter to be chan...

Страница 67: ...3 21 3 Events Alarms triggered by alarm or event Level U triggered by voltage level Level I triggered by current level inrush Interval periodical trigger for given time period each 10 minutes for exa...

Страница 68: ...recorded This value can be changed if necessary Available only if Level U or Level I triggering is selected Table 3 57 Keys in Waveform recorder setup screen START Starts waveform recording Stops wave...

Страница 69: ...IST SCOPE CHECK C Switches to SCOPE view Active only if recording in progress Check connection settings See 3 21 1 for details Selects parameter to be changed Modifies parameter Enter into submenu Ret...

Страница 70: ...tage and current waveforms on single graph U I U I U I Shows voltage and current waveforms on separate graphs Selects between phase neutral all phases and line view 1 2 3 N Shows waveforms for phase L...

Страница 71: ...I1 I2 I3 In True effective half cycle value IRms 1 2 Table 3 61 Keys in captured waveform recorder screens Selects between the following options U I U I U I Shows voltage waveform U I U I U I Shows cu...

Страница 72: ...Setup Figure 3 51 Transient recorder setup screen Table 3 62 Transient recorder settings description and screen symbols Transient recorder is active waiting for trigger Transient recorder is active re...

Страница 73: ...63 Keys in Transient recorder setup screen START Starts transient recorder Stops transient recorder Note If user forces transient recorder to stop before trigger occurs no data is recorded Data record...

Страница 74: ...waveforms to show U I U I U I Shows voltage waveform U I U I U I Shows current waveform U I U I U I Shows voltage and current waveforms on single graph U I U I U I Shows voltage and current waveforms...

Страница 75: ...phase voltages U12 U23 U31 i1 t i2 t i3 t in t Samples value of phase currents I1 I2 I3 IN Table 3 67 Keys in captured transient recorder screens Selects between the following options U I U I U I Sho...

Страница 76: ...ionally for troubleshooting purposes events can be separated by phase This is toggled by pressing function key F1 Group view In this view voltage event are grouped according to IEC 61000 4 30 see sect...

Страница 77: ...is shown only in event details since one grouped event can have many phase events Start Event start time when first URms 1 2 value crosses threshold T Indicates type of event or transition D Dip I In...

Страница 78: ...VENTS Returns to EVENTS view Selects event Enters detail event view Returns to Events table group view screen Returns to RECORDERS submenu Phase view In this view voltage events are separated by phase...

Страница 79: ...icate phase or phase to phase voltage where event has occurred 1 event on phase U1 2 event on phase U2 3 event on phase U3 12 event on voltage U12 23 event on voltage U23 31 event on voltage U31 Start...

Страница 80: ...n phases L31 12 23 31 T Shows events on all phases STAT Shows event summary by types and phases EVENTS Returns to EVENTS view Selects event Enters detail event view Returns to Events table phase view...

Страница 81: ...parameters UIF C Pwr F Pwr NF Pwr Flick Sym H iH Sig Temp All alarms UIF C Pwr F Pwr NF Pwr Flick Sym H iH Sig Temp Voltage alarms UIF C Pwr F Pwr NF Pwr Flick Sym H iH Sig Temp Combined power alarms...

Страница 82: ...enu 3 19Rapid voltage changes RVC table In this table captured RVC events are shown Events appear in the table after finish when voltage is in the steady state RVC events are measured and represented...

Страница 83: ...value just prior to the RVC event and the first arithmetic mean 100 120 URms 1 2 value after the RVC event Table 3 75 Keys in RVC Events table group view screens STAT Shows event statistics phase by...

Страница 84: ...following Snapshot Transient record Waveform record General record Interval General record recording interval integration period Trigger Trigger used for capturing waveform and transient record Level...

Страница 85: ...record number for which details are shown FILE NAME Record name on SD Card Type Indicate type of record General record Interval General record recording interval integration period Start General reco...

Страница 86: ...menu Returns to the RECORDERS submenu By pressing VIEW in CHANNELS SETUP menu TREND graph of selected channel group will appear on the screen Typical screen is shown on figure below Figure 3 61 Viewi...

Страница 87: ...f U I U I Shows voltage and current trends dual mode Selects between phase neutral all phases and view 1 2 3 N Shows trend for phase L1 1 2 3 N Shows trend for phase L2 1 2 3 N Shows trend for phase...

Страница 88: ...kilobytes kB Table 3 83 Keys in Snapshot record front page screen VIEW Switches to CHANNELS SETUP menu screen Particular signal group can be observed by pressing on F1 key VIEW Keys in CHANNELS SETUP...

Страница 89: ...regarding manipulation and data observing see previous sections of this manual Note WAVEFORM SNAPSHOT is automatically created at the start of GENERAL RECORDER 3 20 3Waveform inrush record This type o...

Страница 90: ...g parameters Table 3 85 Keys in Measurement setup submenu screen Selects option from the MEASUREMENT SETUP submenu Enters the selected option Returns to the MAIN MENU screen 3 21 1Connection setup In...

Страница 91: ...sured over potential transformer then press ENTER for setting transformer parameters Voltage ratio Potential transformer ratio Transformer type Additional transformer ratio Primary Secondary Symbol De...

Страница 92: ...Note Use None option for voltage measurements only Note See section 4 2 3 for details regarding further clamps settings Connection Method of connecting the instrument to multi phase systems see 4 2 1...

Страница 93: ...frequency measurement is performed on that channel Depending on Connection user can select 1W 2W 4W U1 or I1 3W OpenD U12 or I1 System frequency Select system frequency According to this setting 10 or...

Страница 94: ...connected incorrectly or measurement setup does not correspond with measured value In this case it is necessary to readjust measurement settings and check instrument connections By pressing ENTER key...

Страница 95: ...r details regarding measurement methods Captured events can be observed through EVENTS TABLE screen See 3 17 and 5 1 12 for details Figure 3 66 Event setup screen Table 3 88 Description of Event setup...

Страница 96: ...r Operating the instrument 96 Keys in CHANNELS SETUP menu screen PREV Previous help screen NEXT Next help screen Move between help screens Move back to EVENT SETUP screen Selects Voltage events setup...

Страница 97: ...tion of Alarm setup 1st column Qu ntity P Uh5 I on figure above Select alarm from measurement group and then measurement itself 2nd column Ph se TOT L1 on figure above Select phases for alarms capturi...

Страница 98: ...SUREMENT SETUP submenu 3 21 4Signalling setup Mains signalling voltage called ripple control signal in certain applications is a burst of signals often applied at a non harmonic frequency that remotel...

Страница 99: ...exceed the dip swell thresholds An voltage is in a steady state condition if all the immediately preceding 100 120 URms values remain within an set RVC threshold from the arithmetic mean of those 100...

Страница 100: ...dern regardless of selected method Figure 3 70 Measuring Methods setup screen Table 3 96 Description of Measuring Methods setup Power Measurements Modern IEEE 1459 measuring method See section 5 1 5 f...

Страница 101: ...AIN MENU screen 3 22 1Communication In this menu user can select instrument communication interface There are three possibilities USB communication Instrument is connected to PC by USB communication c...

Страница 102: ...sabled in order to enter them manually Secret key Valid only if INTERNET communication is selected Secret number will assure additional protection of communication link Same number should be entered i...

Страница 103: ...nternal real time clock GPS external GPS receiver Note GPS clock source is automatically set if GPS is enabled and detected Time zone Selects time zone Note Power Master has the ability to synchronize...

Страница 104: ...indow Returns to the GENERAL SETUP submenu 3 22 4Language Different languages can be selected in this menu Figure 3 74 Language setup screen Table 3 104 Keys in Language setup screen Selects language...

Страница 105: ...t or measurement setup modifications etc Although instrument lock prevents unauthorized changing of instrument working mode it does not prevent non destructive operations as displaying current measure...

Страница 106: ...g impacts instrument functionality Table 3 108 Locked instrument functionality MEASUREMENTS Allowed access Waveform snapshot functionality is blocked RECORDERS No access MEASUREMENT SETUP No access GE...

Страница 107: ...creen L1 L2 L3 N Shows selected colour for phase L1 L1 L2 L3 N Shows selected colour for phase L2 L1 L2 L3 N Shows selected colour for phase L3 L1 L2 L3 N Shows selected colour for neutral channel N S...

Страница 108: ...y once it is very important to properly set measuring equipment Measuring with wrong settings can lead to false or useless measurement results Therefore instrument and user should be fully prepared be...

Страница 109: ...he measurement point nominal voltage currents load type Optionally enable events or alarms and define parameter thresholds Double check Measurement setup using Phase diagram and various scope and mete...

Страница 110: ...e section 3 21 1 for details Select synchronization channel Synchronization to voltage is recommended unless measurement is performed on highly distorted loads such as PWM drives In that case current...

Страница 111: ...or If any of these steps give you suspicious measurement results return to Step 2 and double check measurement setup parameters Step 4 On line measurement Instrument is now ready for measurement Obser...

Страница 112: ...up 4 2 1 Connection to the LV Power Systems This instrument can be connected to the 3 phase and single phase network The actual connection scheme has to be defined in CONNECTION SETUP menu see Figure...

Страница 113: ...Choosing 3 phase 4 wire system on instrument Instrument should be connected to the network according to figure below N Figure 4 4 3 phase 4 wire system 3 phase 3 wire system In order to select this c...

Страница 114: ...em Open Delta Aaron 3 wire system In order to select this connection scheme choose following connection on the instrument Figure 4 7 Choosing Open Delta Aaron 3 wire system on instrument Instrument sh...

Страница 115: ...igure 4 9 Choosing 1 phase 3 wire system on instrument Instrument should be connected to the network according to figure below N Figure 4 10 1 phase 3 wire system Note In case of events capturing it i...

Страница 116: ...f events capturing it is recommended to connect unused voltage terminal to N voltage terminal 4 2 2 Connection to the MV or HV Power System In systems where voltage is measured at the secondary side o...

Страница 117: ...rument should be connected to the network according to figure below N L2 L1 high voltage power plant measuring instruments A A A L3 xA 5A xA 5A xA 5A Transformer Type Measurement Settings Connection s...

Страница 118: ...18 N L2 L1 high voltage power plant measuring instruments A A A L3 xA 5A xA 5A xA 5A Transformer Type Measurement Settings Connection setup Nominal Voltage Y 1 Figure 4 15 Connecting instrument to the...

Страница 119: ...ection 119 N L2 L1 high voltage power plant measuring instruments A A A L3 xA 5A xA 5A xA 5A Y Measurement Settings Connection setup Nominal Voltage 3 1 Figure 4 16 Connecting instrument to the existi...

Страница 120: ...nection 120 N L2 L1 high voltage power plant measuring instruments A A A L3 xA 5A xA 5A xA 5A Measurement Settings Connection setup Nominal Voltage Y 1 Figure 4 17 Connecting instrument to the existin...

Страница 121: ...nded practice for both cases is shown Direct current measurement with clamp on current transformer In this type of measurement load generator current is measured directly with one of clap on current t...

Страница 122: ...le with clamps and select Current transformer Primary current 1 A Secondary current 3A in clamp menu Instrument will assume that we measure only third part of current Note During setup current range c...

Страница 123: ...n the field are usually over dimensioned for possibility to add new loads in future In that case current in primary transformer can be less than 10 of rated transformer current For such cases it is re...

Страница 124: ...mps type will be automatically recognized by the instrument 6 User should then select clamp range and confirm settings Figure 4 22 Automatically recognised clamps setup Instrument will remember clamps...

Страница 125: ...e overall connection status Connection check is marked with green OK sign if instrument is connected properly and measured values comply with given measurement setup Connection check is marked with ye...

Страница 126: ...rent clamp settings and change Clamp Measuring Range or press AUTOSET I button and let instrument to choose optimal current range Phase Phase angle between voltage and current is less than 900 This in...

Страница 127: ...n Iseq Current phase angle between currents is not 1200 600 Unbalance and power measurement are compromised Check voltage leads and check if selected Connection correspond to the actual network Table...

Страница 128: ...lish connection and get satellite time clock Power Master distinguishes two different states regarding GPS module functionality Table 4 4 GPS functionality GPS module detected position not valid or no...

Страница 129: ...ic beep signal will indicate that printing is started NULL MODEM Figure 4 25 Connecting printer DPU 414 with instrument Figure 4 26 SCOPE screen print Instructions for printer setup Printer is configu...

Страница 130: ...sity 100 ON Character Set U S A ON 7 ON ON ON 8 ON OFF OFF Note Use On Line key as OFF and Feed key as ON 4 3 Remote instrument connection over Internet 3G GPRS 4 3 1 Communication principle Power Mas...

Страница 131: ...on remote site starts by connecting Power Master instrument to the grid or measurement point As measurement campaign can last for days or weeks it is necessary to assure reliable power supply to the i...

Страница 132: ...on the Status bar Connection status can be also observed on instrument Status bar as shown on table below Table 4 8 Internet status bar icons Internet connection is not available Instrument is trying...

Страница 133: ...ey Required Enter number code which was entered in instrument Communication settings menu as Secret Key Description Optional Enter instrument description By pressing Add button user can add another in...

Страница 134: ...o establish connection PowerView v3 0 requires http connection to the internet If connection was successful a green icon and CONNECTED status will appear between Your Computer and Router Proxy ISP ico...

Страница 135: ...tering Remote Connection Step 3 Remote Instrument connection to Metrel Server After the PowerView v3 0 successful connects to the Metrel Server server will check if your instrument is waiting for your...

Страница 136: ...h Metrel server and establish connection If Remote Instrument connection to PowerView v3 0 was successful a green icon and CONNECTED status will appear between Router Proxy ISP and Remote Instrument i...

Страница 137: ...n green to indicate that the connection is active as shown below If it is displayed in orange colour it means that the communication was broken and it should be reinitialized by user Figure 4 34 Activ...

Страница 138: ...5 or by clicking on the button in the toolbar or by selecting Download from Tools menu Download window will be displayed and PowerView v3 0 will immediately try to connect to the instrument and detect...

Страница 139: ...d by simply clicking on them Additional Select Deselect all tick box is available to select or deselect all records on displayed page Selected records entries will have a green background Before downl...

Страница 140: ...saved inside your MyDocuments Metrel PowerView PQData folder This backup copy is made every time a file is created or opened to make sure that you can recover all your downloaded data in case of acci...

Страница 141: ...s downloaded All tree nodes will be completely expanded when the first record is shown to enable easier channel selection You may also notice that the downloaded record node will not be located within...

Страница 142: ...as shown on figure below Changed parameters will be sent back to the instrument by clicking on the Write button In order to remotely control instrument recorders please click on the Recorder node as s...

Страница 143: ...red icon indicates that recorder is stopped Additionally PowerView v3 0 will disable changing parameters during recording Trigger button in waveform or transient recorder will trigger recorder in simi...

Страница 144: ...MI 2892 Power Master Recording Practice and Instrument Connection 144 Figure 4 42 Recording in progress...

Страница 145: ...type of network Table 4 10 Quantities measured by instrument Connection type Menu 1W 2W 3W OpenD 4W L1 N L1 L2 N L12 Tot L12 L23 L31 Tot L12 L23 L31 Tot L1 L2 L3 N L12 L23 L31 Tot Voltage RMS THD Cres...

Страница 146: ...ecorded by instrument Standard Profile Connection type Menu 1W 2W 3W OpenD 4W L1 N L1 L2 N L12 Tot L12 L23 L31 Tot L12 L23 L31 Tot L1 L2 L3 N L12 L23 L31 Tot Voltage RMS THD Crest Factor Frequency Har...

Страница 147: ...Power factors Legend Quantity included Maximal value for each interval is recorded RMS or arithmetic average for each interval is recorded see 5 1 15 for details Minimal value for each interval is rec...

Страница 148: ...e RMS THD Crest Factor Frequency Harmonics 0 25 Interharm 0 25 Unbalance Flicker Signalling Events L1 N L1 L2 N L12 Tot L12 L1 L2 L3 Tot L2 L3 Tot L1 L2 L3 N L12 L23 L31 Tot Current RMS THD Harmonics...

Страница 149: ...surement time interval for Voltage Current Power Harmonics Interharmonics Signalling Unbalance is a 10 12 cycle time interval The 10 12 cycle measurement is resynchronized on each Interval tick accord...

Страница 150: ...rrent ranges 10 and 100 range of nominal transducer current Additionally Smart current clamps models offer few measuring ranges and automatic detection 5 1 4 Frequency measurement Standard compliance...

Страница 151: ...ps Those represent major nonlinear and parametric loads proliferating among industrial and commercial customers New Power theory splits power to fundamental and nonfundamental components as shown on f...

Страница 152: ...ary and grouping of the total power quantities Quantity Combined powers Fundamental powers Nonfundamental Powers Apparent VA Se Sefund S Su SeN SeH Active W P P tot PH Nonactive reactive var N Q tot D...

Страница 153: ...fferently for three phase four wire 4W and three phase three wire 3W systems Effective voltage Ue and current Ie in 4W systems 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 1 N I I I I Ie 18 3 2 31 2 23 2 12 2 3 2 2 2 1 U U U U U U...

Страница 154: ...ower measurements They are calculated according to the following equation Positive sequence active power cos 3 I U P tot W 21 Positive sequence reactive power sin 3 I U Qtot var 22 Positive sequence a...

Страница 155: ...P P W p 1 2 3 29 Phase harmonic distortion power 2 2 Hp Hp Hp P S D var p 1 2 3 30 Total nonfundamental power measurements Standard compliance IEEE STD 1459 2010 Total nonfundamental power quantities...

Страница 156: ...ithmetic power measurement defined in the latest IEC 61557 12 standard Annex A and IEEE 1459 Section 3 2 2 5 and 3 2 2 6 There is large number of measurement equipment installed on various points on n...

Страница 157: ...hase power measurement See 5 1 5 section Combined phase power measurements for details Total Vector combined power measurements Standard compliance IEC 61557 12 Annex A and IEEE STD 1459 2010 Section...

Страница 158: ...factor are calculated according to the following equation Total fundamental active power 3 2 1 fund fund fund fundtot P P P P W 47 Total fundamental reactive power vector 3 2 1 fund fund fund fundtot...

Страница 159: ...ACTIVE energy based on active power measurement and REACTIVE energy based on fundamental reactive power measurement Each of them has two energy counters for consumed and generated energy Calculations...

Страница 160: ...time interval Start of Recording Recording Intervals 1 2 3 m m 1 Last interval Current interval Current Time LAST CUR Total Energy TOT Figure 5 7 Instrument energy counters 5 1 8 Harmonics and interh...

Страница 161: ...up sg square root of the sum of the squares of the RMS value of a harmonic and the two spectral components immediately adjacent to it nth voltage harmonic 1 1 2 10 k k n C n p U h U p 1 2 3 58 nth cur...

Страница 162: ...cy is equal to spectral bin frequency or RSS value of four neighbouring frequency bins if signalling frequency differs from the power system bin frequency for example a ripple control signal with freq...

Страница 163: ...preview of 10 minutes short term flicker Pst 10 minutes short term flicker is calculated according to IEC 61000 4 15 Plt 2 hours long term flicker is calculated according to the following equation 3 1...

Страница 164: ...erval Each RMS voltage magnitude i obtained through recording campaign is compared to nominal voltage UNom from which we express two vectors according to the formulas below Nom RMS Nom Nom RMS i RMS i...

Страница 165: ...ltage etc 0 0 05 0 1 0 15 0 2 0 25 0 3 0 35 0 4 375 250 125 0 125 250 375 Dip Duration URms 1 2 1 cycle long U Voltage URms 1 2 Dip Threshold Dip Hysteresis Figure 5 11 URms 1 2 1 cycle measurement U...

Страница 166: ...e dip begins when the URms 1 2 voltage of one channel falls below the dip threshold and ends when the URms 1 2 voltage is equal to or above the dip threshold plus the hysteresis voltage on the same ph...

Страница 167: ...he event as defined by the threshold The Duration of a voltage swell is the time difference between the beginning and the end of the swell It is shown in Duration column in the Event Table on the inst...

Страница 168: ...difference between the beginning and the end of the interrupt It is shown in Duration column in the Event Table on the instrument 5 1 14Alarms Generally alarm can be seen as an event on arbitrary qua...

Страница 169: ...RVC threshold this value is set by the user in MEASUREMENT SETUP RVC Setup screen from the arithmetic mean of those 100 120 URms 1 2 values Every time a new URms 1 2 value is available the arithmetic...

Страница 170: ...xt real time clock plus time needed to finish current 10 12 cycle measurement In the same time new measurement is started as shown on next figure The data for the IP time interval are aggregated from...

Страница 171: ...equency f 10s f 200ms RMS average Min AvgOn Max Power Combined Arithmetic average Min Avg AvgOn Max Fundamental Arithmetic average Min Avg AvgOn Max Nonfundamental Arithmetic average Min Avg AvgOn Max...

Страница 172: ...Suppose we measure current on AC motor which is switched on for 5 min every 10 minutes Motor consumes 100A User set recording interval to 10 minutes Figure 5 17 Avg vs Avgon switching load current Af...

Страница 173: ...ded Values CONSUMED ACTIVE POWER GENERATED ACTIVE POWER GENERATED REACTIVE POWER CONSUMED REACTIVE POWER Figure 5 18 Consumed generated and inductive capacitive phase polarity diagram 5 1 17Flagged da...

Страница 174: ...veform snapshot is captured by starting GENERAL recorder or by pressing for 3 seconds in any of MEASUREMENTS sub screens Long press on triggers WAVEFORM SNAPSHOT Instrument will record all measured pa...

Страница 175: ...xINR REC file and waveform samples for all voltages and currents channels into RxxxxWAV REC file If parameter PRETRIGGER is greater than zero then recoding will start prior the event for defined time...

Страница 176: ...t cause interrupt Figure 5 21 Voltage Event Triggering Voltage level instrument starts waveform recorder when measured RMS voltage reaches given voltage threshold Voltage t URms 1 2 Trigger Point Pret...

Страница 177: ...an perform single or continuous waveform recordings up to 200 records In continuous waveform recording Power Master will automatically initialize next waveform recording upon completion of the previou...

Страница 178: ...lope Fall U or I Trigger point Figure 5 25 Level triggering Triggering slope Slope rise t t Slope fall Figure 5 26 Triggering slope 5 1 20Transient recorder Transient recorder is similar to waveform r...

Страница 179: ...cribes and specifies the main characteristics of the voltage at a network user s supply terminals in public low voltage and medium voltage distribution networks under normal operating conditions This...

Страница 180: ...ithin the range of UNom 10 15 5 2 3 Supply voltage unbalance Under normal operating conditions during each period of one week 95 of the 10 min mean RMS values of the negative phase sequence component...

Страница 181: ...r severity Under normal operating conditions in any period of one week the long term flicker severity caused by voltage fluctuation should be Plt 1 for 95 of the time 5 2 8 Voltage dips Voltage dips a...

Страница 182: ...reds The duration of approximately 70 of the short interruptions may be less than one second 5 2 11Long interruptions of the supply voltage Under normal operating conditions the annual frequency of ac...

Страница 183: ...MI 2892 Power Master Theory and internal operation 183 After recording is finished EN 50160 survey is performed on PowerView v3 0 software See PowerView v3 0 manual for details...

Страница 184: ...V DC min 1 2 A Maximum supply consumption 12 V 300 mA without batteries 12 V 1 A while charging batteries Battery charging time 3 hours Communication USB 2 0 Standard USB Type B Ethernet 10Mb The char...

Страница 185: ...eptible to EMI and can trigger false events It is advisable to short them with instrument neutral voltage input 6 2 2 Phase Voltages 10 12 cycle phase RMS voltage U1Rms U2Rms U2Rms UNRms AC DC Measuri...

Страница 186: ...suring range Resolution Accuracy Range 1 20 00 422 Vpk 10 mV 100 mV 0 5 UPk Range 2 47 0 V 884 0 Vpk 10 mV 100 mV 0 5 UPk Range 3 346 0 V 3700 Vpk 100 mV 1 V 0 5 UPk 6 2 4 Current Input impedance 100...

Страница 187: ...value I1Pk I2Pk I3Pk INPk AC DC Measurement accessory Peak value Overall current accuracy A 1281 1000 A 100 A 5 A 0 5 A 100 A 1700 A 10 A 250 A 0 5 A 14 A 50 mA 1 4 A 0 8 IRMS A 1227 3000 A 300 A 30...

Страница 188: ...ers Flicker type Measuring range Resolution Accuracy Pinst 0 200 10 000 0 001 5 Pinst Pst 0 200 10 000 5 Pst Plt 0 200 10 000 5 Plt 6 2 7 Combined power Combined Power Measuring range Accuracy Active...

Страница 189: ...nd1 Qfund2 Qfund3 Q tot 0 000 k 999 9 M 4 digits Excluding clamps Instrument only 0 2 Qfund With flex clamps A 1227 3000 A A 1446 6000 A 1 7 Qfund With iron clamps A 1281 1000 A 0 7 Qfund Apparent fun...

Страница 190: ...mental power VA SN1 SN2 SN3 SeN 0 000 k 999 9 M 4 digits Excluding clamps Instrument only SN 1 S 1 0 SN Apparent harmonic power VA SH1 SH2 SH3 SeH 0 000 k 999 9 M 4 digits Excluding clamps Instrument...

Страница 191: ...ltage harmonics and THD Measuring range Harmonic component N System freqency Resolution Accuracy UhN 1 UNom 0 50th 50 60Hz 10 mV 0 15 UNom 1 UNom UhN 20 UNom 10 mV 5 UhN UhN 1 UNom 0 13th 400Hz 10 mV...

Страница 192: ...0 15 UNom 1 UNom UihN 20 UNom 10 mV 5 UhN UihN 1 UNom 0 20th 1 0 13th 2 0 5th 3 VFD 10 mV 0 15 UNom 1 UNom UihN 20 UNom 10 mV 5 UhN UNom Nominal voltage RMS UihN measured harmonic voltage N interharm...

Страница 193: ...0 90 UNom 0 001 0 15 6 2 20Time and duration uncertainty Standard compliance IEC 61000 4 30 Class A Section 4 6 Real time clock RTC temperature uncertainty Operating range Accuracy 20 C 70 C 3 5 ppm 0...

Страница 194: ...amples sec Antialiasing filter Passband 3dB 0 782 Hz Stopband 80dB 883 Hz Sampling frequency Transients 49 kSamples sec Antialiasing filter Passband 3dB 0 24 kHz Stopband 80dB 26 kHz Cycle aggregation...

Страница 195: ...5 cycles 10 12 cycles 1 Identical technical specification accuracy measurement ranges etc as on 50Hz 60Hz systems 2 On 3 phase 4 wire systems measurement are performed on 3 voltage and 4 current chann...

Страница 196: ...in 2 min 5 min 10 min 15 min 30 min 60 min 120 min Events All events without limitation can be stored into record Alarms All alarms without limitation can be stored into record Trigger Predefined star...

Страница 197: ...ing time 10 12 cycle period Recording quantities Waveform samples of U1 U2 U3 UN U12 U23 U31 I1 I2 I3 IN all measurements Trigger Manual 6 3 4 Transients recorder Sampling 49 kSamples s continuous sam...

Страница 198: ...d direct voltage measurement SS Indirect current and indirect voltage measurement Temperature K50 Humidity altitude Standard Measurement characteristics Function symbols Class according to IEC 61557 1...

Страница 199: ...ncertainty A 4 7 Flagging A 5 1 Frequency Freq A 5 2 Magnitude of the Supply U A 5 3 Flicker Pst Plt A 5 4 Dips and Swells UDip USwell duration A 5 5 Interruptions duration A 5 7 Unbalance u u0 A 5 8...

Страница 200: ...rument is switched off before opening battery compartment cover see Figure 2 4 2 Insert batteries as shown in figure below insert batteries correctly otherwise the instrument will not operate and the...

Страница 201: ...ominal capacity of 2000 mAh If the instrument is not going to be used for a long period of time remove all batteries from the battery compartment The enclosed batteries can supply the instrument for a...

Страница 202: ...of individual batteries should be determined by comparing battery voltages checking them in a cell charger etc It is very likely that only some of the batteries are deteriorated The effects described...

Страница 203: ...ure below Figure 7 4 Selecting USB communication 3 Click on Help Check for Firmware updates Figure 7 5 Check for Firmware menu 4 Version checker window will appear on the screen Click on Start button...

Страница 204: ...is application will actually upgrade instrument FW Click on RUN to proceed Figure 7 8 FlashMe firmware upgrade software 7 FlashMe will automatically detect Power Master instrument which can be seen in...

Страница 205: ...upgrade process should begin Please wait until all steps are finished Note that this step should not be interrupted as instrument will not work properly If upgrade process goes wrong please contact yo...

Страница 206: ...eries are charged whenever the power supply adapter charger is connected to the instrument Inbuilt protection circuit controls the charging procedure and assure maximal battery lifetime Batteries will...

Страница 207: ...ufficient 7 7 Service For repairs under or out of warranty please contact your distributor for further information 7 8 Troubleshooting If ESC button is pressed while switching on the instrument the in...

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