Appendix D
GLOSSARY
A bit
remote (or distant) alarm indicator
AIS
Alarm Indication Signal
AMI
Alternate Mark Inversion
ATM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
BER
Bit Error Ratio
CAS
Channel Associated Signaling
CRC-4
Cyclic Redundancy Check for 2048kbit/s Systems
E1
2048kbit/s PCM communication system mainly used in Europe
E&M
Exchange and Multiplex signaling
FAS
Frame Alignment Signaling
G.703
ITU-T Recommendation for Physical/Electrical Characteristic for
Hierarchical Digital Interfaces
HDB3
High Density Bipolar code with a maximum of 3 zeros
ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network
ITU-T
International Telecommunication Union Telecommunications
Standardization Section
MFAS
Multiframe Alignment Signal
NFAS
Not Frame Alignment Signal
NMFAS
Not Multiframe Alignment Signal
PAM
Pulse Amplitude Modulation
PCM
Pulse Code Modulation
PCM30
30 channels with CAS signaling in timeslot 16
PCM30C 30 channels with CAS signaling in timeslot 16 and CRC error
checking
PCM31 31
channels
PCM31C 31 channels with CRC error checking
PDH
Plesiosynchronous Digital Hierarchy
SDH
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
S/Q signal-to-quantizing
noise
SONET
Synchronous Optical Network
T1
1544kbit/s PCM communication system mainly used USA, Canada
and Japan
Y bit
distant multiframe alarm bit