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KWS VAROS109 Скачать руководство пользователя страница 69

Chapter 15 – Constellation diagram (Option) 67

10911 V01.10

Chapter 15

Constellation diagram (Option)

15.1 Introduction

The constellation diagram is a graphical representation of the states of a digitally modulated signal in a two dimen-
sional coordinate system. Individual signal states can be viewed as source vectors with I (inphase, horizontal axis) and Q
(quadrature, vertical axis) components. Only the peaks of the vectors are shown in diagram, however. Depending on
modulation method, there is a varying number of decision fields within the two dimensional field (e.g. 8 with 8PSK).
These decision fields are assigned to a fixed bit combination.

In the ideal case, all signal states are in the centre of the decision fields. A real signal is exposed to variable interferen-
ces, however. If you view these interferences as vectors that are superimposed on the ideal signal states, the peaks of
the sum vectors depict the deviation from the ideal state. The worse the signal quality is, the larger the distribution in
the two-dimensional state space. It is possible for you to draw conclusions about the type of signal interference based
on the form of the constellation diagram. This is explained later using examples.

The mean between two ideal states is designated as the decision limit (indicated in the diagram by horizontal and
vertical lines). A signal with enough interference to move several signal states beyond the decision limit will result in bit
errors. This means: The better all signal states centre on the ideal states (the smaller the signal clouds are), the better
the signal.

Approx. 15,000 symbols are recorded, analysed and displayed in colour on the TFT according to an analysis of frequen-
cy of occurrence. The colour gradation provides information about the distribution of the occurrence frequency of the
signal states. Blue, green, yellow and red represent increasing frequency. This gives the constellation diagram a three
dimensional appearance.

15.2 Operation

You must first tune the measuring receiver. Afterwards, you can use the

MODE

> Constellation diagr. menu item to

activate the constellation diagram. You can use

MODE

to access the hardcopy menu. From the constellation diagram,

you can use

ESC

to return to the normal measured value display.

Real 8PSK signal
with MER=16,2 dB

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Содержание VAROS109

Страница 1: ...VAROS109 Digital satellite measuring receiver Manual ...

Страница 2: ......

Страница 3: ... Bottom Section 12 3 2 Back of the device 13 3 3 USB A socket 13 3 4 DVI output 14 3 5 12 V power supply 14 Chapter 04 Installation 15 4 1 Mains operation 15 4 2 Battery opreation 15 4 2 1 Replacing the battary 15 4 2 2 Battery management 15 4 3 Operation using an external power supply 15 4 4 Fan control 15 4 5 Turn on 16 4 6 Adjust volume image brightness color temperature and saturation 16 Chapt...

Страница 4: ...rement 23 6 3 6 MER measurement 24 6 3 7 Systemreserve NM Noise Margin 24 6 3 8 Packet error measurement 24 6 4 Level measurement 25 6 4 1 MAX Hold function 25 6 4 2 Acoustic level trend indicator 25 6 5 LNB supply 25 6 5 1 14 18 V 22 kHz contol 25 6 5 2 DiSEqC 25 6 5 2 1 DiSEqC V1 0 control 26 6 5 2 2 DiSEqC V1 1 control 26 6 5 2 3 DiSEqC V1 2 control 28 6 5 2 4 DiSEqC V2 0 control 29 6 5 3 UNICA...

Страница 5: ...tivating the remote supply 41 Chapter 08 SCAN support for satellite discovery 42 8 1 SAT SCAN 42 8 2 SAT list 43 8 3 Transponder list 44 8 4 Favourites list 44 8 5 Importing a SAT list 45 Chapter 09 Assistance mode 46 9 1 SAT Dish alignment 46 9 2 Check SAT Signal at socket 48 Chapter 10 MPEG decoder 50 10 1 Program Service Information PSI 50 10 2 Network Information Table NIT 50 10 3 Picture and ...

Страница 6: ...58 13 3 Card menu 59 Chapter 14 Optical Receiver Option 60 14 1 Introduction 60 14 2 Activating the optical input 61 14 3 Setting the wavelength 61 14 4 Measuring the optical power 62 14 5 Measuring the optical modulation index OMI 62 14 6 Remote supply 63 14 7 Cleaning the fibre optic plug connection 63 14 8 USB Microskope 63 14 8 1 Operation 65 14 8 2 Logging 66 Chapter 15 Constellation diagram ...

Страница 7: ... the internally stored images to a USB stick 71 16 10 Activating software options 71 16 11 Display MER or C N 71 Chapter 17 DVI output 72 Chapter 18 DataLogger 73 18 1 Automatic recording of measurement sets 73 18 2 Transferring and evaluating the measurements on a PC 74 18 3 Deleting measurement sets from the device 75 ...

Страница 8: ...F input is 24 V A higher voltage may destroy the input circuits Do not cover the ventilation slots on the device Covering the slots can result in reduced air circulation in the device which can cause heat build up and overheating of the electronic components Passage from the battery regulations BattV This device contains a battery which incorporates hazardous substances It must not be disposed of ...

Страница 9: ...cquers acetone or similar since they may damage plastic parts or the coating on the front panel Any dust should be removed from the ventilation slots regularly so that the air circulation provided by the built in ventilator is not obstructed 1 5 Calibration The device should be recalibrated at least every two years It is automatically calibrated at the factory in case of upgrading repairs or servi...

Страница 10: ...NPUT F socket 75 Ohm IEC 60169 24 ACCESSORIES exchangeable Return loss 8 dB 910 2 150 MHz INPUT ATTENUATOR 0 30 dB in 4 dB increments LEVEL MEASUREMENT Measuring range 30 100 dBµV Information range 30 110 dBµV Resolution 0 5 dB Measuring accuracy 2 0 dB at 20 C 2 5 dB 0 C 40 C Measuring bandwidth RB 10 MHz depending on symbol rate Acoustic level trend indicator can be switched on off Level trend b...

Страница 11: ...PSK demodulator Per ETS 302307 16APSK 32APSK not supported FEC 1 4 1 3 2 5 not supported Symbol rates 2 45 MSym s Frequency offset df Resolution 0 1 MHz Measuring accuracy 100 kHz Measuring parameters Per ETR 290 LBER 10 1 to 10 8 bit error rate after LDPC CBER 10 2 to 10 8 bit error rate before LDPC MER 1 20 dB resolution 0 1 dB Noise Margin NM in dB resolution 0 1 dB Automatic detection of DVB S...

Страница 12: ...L file on a USB stick INTERFACES DVI Digital video output for connecting a TV device with a DVI HDMI input Output impedance 100 Ohm Difference output level typ 1Vpp USB A USB A socket for data logger and software update USB 2 0 OPTICAL RECEIVER Option Connector SC APC with protective cap Wavelength Lambda 1 260 1 620 nm with protective cap Max optical input power 8 dBm continous power Return loss ...

Страница 13: ...ry Li Ion battery pack 7 2 V 6 6 Ah Operating time approx 3 5 hours dependant upon the LNB load automatic cutout as protection against exhaustive discharge Charging time Approx 3 hours Battery managemen Battery can be charged using 12 V external supply UMGEBUNG Betriebstemperatur 0 C bis 45 C Lagertemperatur 10 C bis 55 C Akku Ladetemperatur 15 C bis 35 C ELEKTROMAGNETISCHE nach EN 61000 6 2 und E...

Страница 14: ...12 Chapter 03 Contol and connection elements pin configurations 10911 V01 10 Chapter 03 Contol and connections elements pin con gurations 3 1 Front Panel with Top and Bottom Section ...

Страница 15: ...Chapter 03 Contol and connection elements pin configurations 13 10911 V01 10 3 2 Back of the device 3 3 USB A socket Pin 1 VCC 5 V Pin 2 Data D Pin 3 Data D Pin 4 GND ...

Страница 16: ...and connection elements pin configurations 10911 V01 10 3 4 DVI output Compliant with DDWG Digital Display Working Group DVI Digital Visual Interface Revision 1 0 3 5 12 V power supply Extra low voltage jack per DIN 45 323 ...

Страница 17: ... mode the charging current may be reduced somewhat depending on the operating status causing the charging process to take longer When the battery is being charged the charge LED lights up red Once the battery is fully charged the internal battery management switches to maintenance charging and the charge LED turns green The device also has a charge status indicator A status bar in the frequency wi...

Страница 18: ...det These can then be set with the arrow keys This function is not possible in some operating states such as level measure ment With the MODE button the function of the lower bar can be changed from image brightness to color tempera ture and further to color saturation This allows the color representation of the display to be optimized and the set values are stored in the non volatile memory By pr...

Страница 19: ...rently set operating mode respectively This ensures that functions can only be selected where needed Selecting main menu Press MODE key Leaving the menu Press MODE or ESC key Selecting a menu point Select the desired menu item using the arrow keys Up or Down and press ENTER Back to previous menu level Press ESC key The picture shows the menu in the DVB S range with RF frequency input mode ...

Страница 20: ... Frequency input mode HF GHz The frequency window displays SAT RF GHz This function serves to incorporate frequency conversion in an LNB from the transponder frequency RF to the first SAT IF depending on the LNB oscillator frequency LO For Ku band LNBs ZF HF LO The device calculates HF ZF LO For C band LNBs ZF LO HF The device calculates HF LO ZF 6 1 2 1 Ku band The device provides two user define...

Страница 21: ...input Select MODE Symbol rate to use one of the ten preset symbol rates Use the Up Down arrow keys to select the required symbol rate The new symbol rate is selected when you press ENTER Press to change the preset symbol rate between 2 000 and 45 000 kBd 2 000 45 000 MSym s At tuning the device tries out every symbol rate of this list until it is locked To shorten this procedure you can use only t...

Страница 22: ...t is present using the set symbol rate If this is not successful all of the preset symbol rates are set one after another If a QPSK signal with the set symbol rate is present the channel decoder locks and LOCKED is displayed in the device s parameter window Otherwise the UNLOCKED message is shown This may be caused by the following none of the set symbol rates fit the receive level is too low ther...

Страница 23: ...BER is displayed in a smaller font on the top line of the BER window CBER is below in a large font 6 2 6 MER measurement The MER value of the signal in the baseband after the demodulator is displayed in dB in the MER window The measu ring range is between 2 0 and 20 0 dB The resolution is 0 1 dB 6 2 7 Noise Margin NM For white noise a minimum limit for the signal quality where no error occurs QEF ...

Страница 24: ... at the same MER 6 3 1 Symbol rate input You must set the corresponding symbol rate before receiving a DVB S2 signal The device offers the operator ten preset symbol rates for rapid input MODE Symbol rate opens the selection area for the five preset symbol rates Use the Up Down arrow keys to select the required symbol rate The new symbol rate is set when you press ENTER Press to change the preset ...

Страница 25: ...e SCAN message in the parameter window The receiver first attempts to synchronise to the DVB S2 signal that is present using the set symbol rate If this is not successful all of the preset symbol rates are set one after another In addition the device automatically detects the DVB S DVB S2 operating modes If a QPSK 8PSK signal with the set symbol rate is present the channel decoder locks and LOCKED...

Страница 26: ...al or red if it s bad The limits of the LBER 1e 7 is bad also contributes to this decision The following table show minimum signal quality in relation to the FEC and modulation DVB S QPSK DVB S2 8PSK FEC MER QEF rounded values FEC MER QEF rounded values 2 3 3 dB 2 3 3 dB 3 4 5 dB 3 4 5 dB 5 6 6 dB 5 6 6 dB 9 10 7 dB 9 10 7 dB 6 3 8 Packet error measurement Short interruptions in the DVB S S2 signa...

Страница 27: ...asured The frequency of the signal tone rises as the level increases The function can be switched on or off at any time via the menu MODE Acoustic level on off 6 5 LNB supply The measuring receiver controls a connected LNB or a multiswitch using the conventional 14 18 V 22 kHz control maximal four SAT IF levels or with the DiSEqC control The supply is short circuit proof and provides a maximum cur...

Страница 28: ...1 activates the DiSEqC V1 1 menu V1 1 allows you to control a total of up to 256 SAT IF levels V1 1 also allows for DiSEqC component cascading This means that compatible multiswitches or switching relays can be connected in series Multiple repetitions of the DiSEqC command s are required for this See the following example for further information The SAT IF level settings and satellite position set...

Страница 29: ...ding The control sequences must therefore be repeated a number of times DiSEqC components further back in the chain cannot receive the commands intended for them until the earlier components in the chain have processed their commands DiSEqC1 0 committed switches and DiSEqC1 1 uncommitted switches commands are repeated for this reason The next picture shows a possible configuration in which 64 SAT ...

Страница 30: ... 1 position number 1 of the DiSEqC rotor is moved to first Open the corresponding menu using LNB Positioner Drive This allows the positioner to be moved to the east and west The cursor is at STOP when the menu is open You can move the cursor to the East or West menu item using the arrow keys The motor then moves immediately to the east or west You do not have to press ENTER first The posi tioner s...

Страница 31: ...4 With this system the desired transponder is converted to a fixed frequency centre frequency of the UB slot or bandpass in the UNICABLE unit LNB or multiswitch The information coordinating transponders and UB slots is transmitted via the special DiSEqC command to the UNICABLE unit The standard supports up to 8 UB slots This allows up to 8 receivers to be operated on 1 cable The UNICABLE message c...

Страница 32: ... 2 095 MHz Note Manufacturers have different methods for numbering the UBs They are numbered either from 0 to 7 or from 1 to 8 The physical address always goes from 0 to 7 For example the lowest slot which could also be marked as UB1 on the converter unit can be activated by selecting SCR ADR0 UB1 To change the settings displayed proceed as follows Use the Up and Down keys to select the required S...

Страница 33: ... bank For example the name of the manufacturer of the UNICABLE components Using the or arrow keys you can move the cursor to the desired position in the label You can edit the label with alphanumeric characters using the arrows or the number keys The name can be up to 20 spaces in length Confirming and saving the entry Pressing the ENTER key closes the input menu and stores the values in the non v...

Страница 34: ... when using the measuring receiver send the control command again by pressing ESC and ENTER in sequence The following figure shows the device in UNICABLE mode with the LNB menu open Wideband RF mode As described above these UNICABLE units operate with a single oscillator frequency and the low and high bands com bined on one band This reduces the number of SAT IF levels to 2 vertical and horizontal...

Страница 35: ... 50494 standard 6 5 4 1 Activation and Configuration The JESS control is activated by selecting LNB DiSEqC JESS Afterwards a menu appears allowing users to select the user band UB bandpass slot for the measuring receiver to use set SCR ADR and edit edit SCR ADR the corresponding centre frequency These parameters can be obtained from the data sheet of the converter unit being used 32 UB slots are a...

Страница 36: ... occur between the connected receivers during control If this situation arises when using the measuring receiver send the control command again by pressing the ESC and ENTER key combination Scan UBs When this menu is opened the number of available UB slots on the connected converter is determined and they are displayed along with their centre frequencies UB slots which are currently active are mar...

Страница 37: ...vailable for devices according the EN50607 Using this other receivers on the same cable are impeded so it s only for service purpose 6 5 6 Program antenna sockets For single cable systems there is a possibility that participants sharing a cable will cause each other interference by using the same UB slots To prevent this programmable antenna wall outlets are available which accept only UNICABLE or...

Страница 38: ...the last successfully programmed configuration n 2 dis plays the configuration previous to this etc To change the current configuration proceed as follows Select the Config write menu using the up and down keys Then press the key to access the following menu The desired configuration can be set using the up and down keys as well as the and keys Pressing ENTER programs this configuration and return...

Страница 39: ...nd saved with the ending dsq Appropriate files can you get from the manufacturer e g JULTEC These files must be stored on an USB stick which can be connected to the measuring receiver The script function sends the of DiSEqC commands line by line over RF connector to the DiSEqC Uint 6 5 8 1 Execute DiSEqC script First the device has to be in initial state running measurements stop by pressing ESC P...

Страница 40: ...ach 2 Bytes A command must start in the first column of a line and is terminated by a semicolon The rest of the line is treated as a comment A double backslash marks a comment An exception is the 18V which must be in an own line Thereby the LNB Voltage is set to 18V to create an UNICABLE standard transmission The LNB Voltage gets back to 14V after the next DiSEqC Command was transferred ...

Страница 41: ...he receiver is not tuned to a channel e g ESC was previously pressed the analyzer sweeps over the entire measuring range FULLSPAN But if the device is in tuned mode measuring mode the analyzer shows a smaller section of the frequency spectrum SPAN1 above and below the measuring frequency When the UNICABLE control is active the analyzer displays the frequency spectrum above and below the centre fre...

Страница 42: ...vel On the other hand the level measurement in measuring receiver mode always measures the power level in the channel 7 5 Progress bar A yellow bar at the bottom of the screen runs from left to right during each new search by the analyzer This allows you to trace the progress of the sweep 7 6 Switching to measuring receiver mode You can switch directly from analyzer mode to measuring receiver mode...

Страница 43: ...1 As is the case with FULLSPAN the centre frequency of the next transponder is searched and tuned to In addition to the five preset symbol rates the entire range of the symbol rates is searched from 2 to 45 MSym s SPAN2 For fine tuning the device is tuned directly to the frequency of the cursor position In addition to the five preset symbol rates the entire range of the symbol rates is searched fr...

Страница 44: ...in the chapter ANALYZER changing over into the measurement mode is described in SCAN 8 1 SAT SCAN This function can be choosen from the above displayed menu with the keys SCAN or ENTER A search cycle starts in a range from east to west where the most important satellites are tuned to the transponder The positions that are being tested will be shown in a distinct red window and a reference searchin...

Страница 45: ...only these levels are searched The relevant data can be found in the document which accompanies the SAT list 8 2 SAT list Durch Betätigen der Taste SCAN im Hauptmenü wird die Satliste aufgerufen Mit den Pfeiltasten bzw kann in der Liste seitenweise geblättert und mit der Auf bzw Abtaste einzelne Satelliten ausgewählt werden Durch weiteres Be tätigen der Taste SCAN wird die Transponderliste zu dem ...

Страница 46: ...vourites list You can save frequently required satellites in a favourites list so that they can be found more quickly To do so select the corresponding satellite from the SAT list and press SAVE The following menu appears You can now select the position in the favourites list Pressing SAVE again saves the item as a favourite and the SAT list is displayed again The favourites now appear at the top ...

Страница 47: ...en displayed The current SAT list can be found at www kws electronic com To import a SAT list you first need to connect a USB memory device with a corresponding file Select Import Satlist to call up all of the sat files stored on the memory device Select and import the desired list by pressing ENTER This action overwrites any list that previously existed on the device ...

Страница 48: ...ar gestellt Der Wechsel zum nächsten Schritt ist dann von diesen Ergebnissen abhängig Sind die Messwerte gut wird die Pfeiltaste zum Wechsel in den nächsten Schritt freigegeben Hingegen ist mit der linken Pfeiltaste ein Schritt zurück bzw der Abbruch mit ESC immer möglich By starting the device the menu to select an assistant mode is shown This menu could be closed using ENTER or ESC if no assista...

Страница 49: ...d by measuring the LNB current The text NEXT is shown only if a LNB current is detected and the function of the arrow key is enabled to switch over to the next step At 3rd step an advice to align the SAT dish is shown The angles to align the dish are individually calculated for the chosen satellite at this position The shown position is for the region around Munich To adapt the position to yours u...

Страница 50: ...ck in using parameters from the chosen list If this succeeded the satellite could be identified by the received information Is it the correct satellite a green tick mark is shown If another satellite was found the diffe rence of the angel is used to show where to move the dish By using the arrow key you get back to the assistance mode menu If not succeed use other functions of the measuring receiv...

Страница 51: ...s enabled to switch over to the next step The next step is searching for known transponders If one is found and locked in the satellite and the service are shown and the quality of the signal is measured Are the values ok a green tick mark is shown and the arrow key is enabled to return to the start menu It is recommended to record a set of measurements by using the function DataLogger to verify a...

Страница 52: ...terpret these PSI tables in order to give the user an overview in the form of channel lists This process can take a few seconds depending on the number of programs they contain and can be monitored in the MPEG window The MPEG window is seen at the bottom left of the screen While this is being displayed a new channel search is running in a DVB S transponder For a quick overview of the current trans...

Страница 53: ...ders on the same satellite that is sending the NIT can be selected directly from the NIT You can assign items to the tuning memory directly from the NIT To do so select the corresponding entry from the NIT list As described in section Memory management saving you can then select a memory location and save the NIT entry SAVE takes you to the SAVE menu If the NIT has more than 10 entries the and key...

Страница 54: ...ated elementary streams Some channels are broadcast with several audio streams e g several languages You can choose the desired audio stream in the programme properties menu Pressing ENTER again switches to the channel The screen now shows just the video channel The speaker sound can be checked at the same time Note For digital transmission no conclusions can be drawn about the reception quality b...

Страница 55: ...l content at specific times This means that for ex ample 4 programs may appear in the MPEG program list which have the same content at certain times and different content at other times The program map table PMT in the data stream therefore changes over time In this way the station can prompt the receiver to use different packet identities PIDs In the standard setting the MPEG decoder of the devic...

Страница 56: ... contents of the memory location are displayed next to the location number Press SAVE or ENTER to save the location If the desired memory location is already assigned the device issues a warning To overwrite the memory press the ENTER or SAVE button a second time 11 2 Recalling Press the RECALL button to open the Recall menu When this menu is opened for the first time after the device is switched ...

Страница 57: ...y Sorting by range To sort the memory by DVB S beginning and DVB S2 enter MODE Memory Sorting Memory According range Sorting by satellite This option sorts the memory by satellite positions However it is only available for SAT memories with DiSEqC To access the function enter MODE Memory Sorting memory According position Sorting the memory can take a few seconds The device does not respond during ...

Страница 58: ...mport Use this function to import an existing tuning memory as a mem file from a USB memory device onto the device Access via MODE Memory Import memory A selection screen appears with all saved mem files Use the Up Down arrow keys to move the cursor to the desired file Press ENTER to overwrite the current tuning memory of the device with the data from the mem file The name of the selected mem file...

Страница 59: ...on in high speed mode The measuring device only supports the MASS STORAGE DEVICE class USB stick The measuring receiver software can read files from and write files to a USB stick using the FAT32 file system A USB stick is used to carry out firmware updates or to record measurement data DataLogger We recommend using the original USB stick from the device manufacturer The USB stick is included in d...

Страница 60: ...o not force the module into the slot if there is significant resistance 13 1 2 Install after version V01 02 The device must be switched off when a CA module is inserted Insert the module into the port at the bottom of the device When inserting the module ensure that the polarity is correct and that the barcode is pointing down Do not force the module into the slot if there is significant resistanc...

Страница 61: ...lled up for each module For example smartcard information software version software update PIN code entry for child protection and so on The menu is laid out just like the other menus on the device The text and menu items come from the CAM itself however The language is also defined by the module The picture below shows the card menu of an AlphaCrypt CAM ...

Страница 62: ...een ones Fibre optic plug connections are available in various forms such as FC threaded connection SC plug connection and E2000 and LC both with snap plug connection An SC APC plug connection is built into the measuring device The measuring device is equipped with an optical receiver that converts the light signal back into an RF signal After the optical receiver the RF signal behaves as if it ha...

Страница 63: ...ust be demulti plexed again in the receiver of the wavelength division multiplex using optical filters The second system has higher quality The measuring device can receive SAT IF signals in the range from 910 to 2 150 MHz With this system transmission of the level is generally vertical low However this is sufficient for setting up a satellite antenna with an optical LNB An optical LNB can be supp...

Страница 64: ... OMI and the RF voltage level after the optical receiver The OMI is specified in With this device the OMI is selectively measured for a certain frequency meaning that only the RF power within the signal bandwidth is taken into account It is designated as the individual OMI or the channel OMI The attainable signal to noise ratio depends on the individual OMI A value of around 4 is ideal Note The le...

Страница 65: ...ain free of dust so that no contamination reaches the con nectors interfaces when they are plugged in Industry standard cleaning sets are available for this purpose Immedia tely after cleaning the plugs and connections you should put dust covers on them unless you are going to use them again right away The measuring device s fibre optic connection is equipped with a hinged lid that seals the conne...

Страница 66: ...ed damage The following figure shows a typical example of a poor physical contact in a plug connector Here a dust particle pre vents the two optical fibres from creating a flush contact with one another The microscope image in the measuring device shows a large magnification of the optical fibre from above The following image is from the Lightel DI 1000 USB microscope with an optical magnification...

Страница 67: ...none 5 µm C Adhesive 120 to 130 µm No limits No limits D Contact 130 µm No limits No limits The figure shows the schematic structure of a typical single mode fibre with a 9 µm core 14 8 1 Operation The microscope range is called up by pressing the MODE Microscope key Select MODE to access the image settings menu You can activate the individual menu items with ENTER and change the parameters by usi...

Страница 68: ...a screenshot in the cache Open the MODE Hardcopy menu item if there is space available in the cache the image will be saved This can take several seconds a corresponding message will appear on the screen Screenshot saving The screen message changes to Screenshot saved as soon as the image is saved The message no free memory loc appears if no more space is free in the buffer All storage locations m...

Страница 69: ...is possible for you to draw conclusions about the type of signal interference based on the form of the constellation diagram This is explained later using examples The mean between two ideal states is designated as the decision limit indicated in the diagram by horizontal and vertical lines A signal with enough interference to move several signal states beyond the decision limit will result in bit...

Страница 70: ...68 Chapter 15 Constellation diagram Option 10911 V01 10 Ideal constellation diagram signal source SFU Rohde Schwarz 8PSK signal with 8 I Offset signal source SFU Rohde Schwarz ...

Страница 71: ...ess Next insert the USB stick into the device and select MODE Settings Software Update A selection appears containing all saved bin files Select the desired file using the arrow keys Up Down and press ENTER to start the software update The device deletes the old version from the memory before writing the new software to the internal flash drive This takes approximately 1 minute 16 4 Serial number ...

Страница 72: ...tch this function on and off via MODE Settings Keyboard buzzer 16 9 Hard copy For documentation purposes the contents of the screen can be saved on a USB stick or alternatively one of 2 two internal memory locations provided the device is in tuned mode or analyzer mode Videos and drop down menus for settings etc cannot be copied By selecting MODE Hardcopy you can access a menu where you can choose...

Страница 73: ...tivating software options Software options can be activated by entering an 8 digit key code You can request the individual key code for each option from the manufacturer MODE Settings SoftwareKeys takes you to a submenu which currently only offers the constellation diagram option To activate this option confirm the menu item with ENTER An entry field for the 8 digit key code is then displayed If t...

Страница 74: ...output before the device is switched over When the device is switched off and restarted the picture is shown again on the internal display DVI stands for Digital Visual Interface HDMI means High Definition Multimedia Interface Physically the interface is designed as a DVI I socket However the protocol is HDMI compliant This means that both video and audio data are transmitted The measuring device ...

Страница 75: ...g ESC or press ENTER to overwrite the existing file Then enter the individual measurement parameters The device now refers to the tuning memory whereby only the first and last memory locations need to be entered for the measurements Any unassigned memory locations are skipped The device then automatically accesses the tuning memory locations one by one and saves the measured values in the xml file...

Страница 76: ... a PC or laptop using the USB stick As previously mentioned the measurement data xml file on the USB stick can be read and processed by MSExcel or OpenOfficeCalc Right click the required file and select Open with then choose from MSExcel or OpenOfficeCalc Important Transfer is only possible with MSExcel version 2002 or later The illustration below shows a set of measurements in MSExcel ...

Страница 77: ...an also be seen in percent For example the file shown above takes up 18 KB on a USB stick With a capacity of 512 MB approx 29 000 measurement sets of this type can be saved To delete a file move the cursor with the arrow keys Up Down onto the file you wish to remove and select ENTER The device issues a warning message This function allows you to remove measurement sets that are no longer needed on...

Страница 78: ...00 49 0 80 67 90 37 99 info kws electronic de www kws electronic com You are interested in obtaining further information about our products solutions and services KWS Electronic is at your disposal with expert advice Call us or send us an e mail Software updates firmware you can find it at any time at www kws electronic com ...

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