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It is important that the gap be maintained during the welding process and it should be neither too
wide or too narrow. If too narrow, the rod will stick to the work piece. If too wide, the arc will be
extinguished. It needs much practice to maintain the gap. The beginners may usually get sticker or
arc extinguishing. When the rod is stuck to the work piece, gently rock it back and forth to make
them separate. If not, a short circuit will occur and it will break the welder. A good arc is
accompanied by a crisp, cracking sound. The sound is similar to that made by eggs frying. To lay a
weld bead, only 2 movements are required; downward (as the electrode is consumed) and in the
direction the weld is to be laid, as in following figure:
7.3 Types of weld bead
The following paragraphs discuss the most commonly used arc welding beads.
The stringer bead
Formed by traveling with the electrode in a straight line while keeping the
electrode centered over the weld joint.
The weave bead
Used when you want to deposit metal over a wider space than would be possible
with a stringer bead. It is made by weaving from side to side while moving with the electrode. It is
best to hesitate momentarily at each side before weaving back the other way.
7.4 Welding position
Flat position
It is easiest of the welding positions and is most commonly used. It is best if you can
weld in the flat position if at all possible as good results are easier to achieve.
Stringer Bead
Weave Bead
Flat Position
Horizontal Position
