IVIE IE-10A Скачать руководство пользователя страница 17

CALIBRATION  LINE 

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* N o t e   s e t t i n g s   o f   S E N S I T I V I T Y  

s w i t c h e s  

d e t e c t o r s   s h o u l d  

be 

i n  

p i n k  

noise 

a v e r a g i n g   m o d e .  

F i g u r e   6 

Increase  t h e  

DISPLAY  switch  r e s o l u t i o n   t o   2  dB  p e r   step,  and  then 

t o  1 dB  per  step. 

The  p i n k   noise  should  remain  a t  t h e  

dB  l i n e ,   b u t   i f  

i t  

does  not,  r e a d j u s t   t h e   reference  on  t h e  

Now  you  a r e   c a l i b r a t e d ,  

and  t h e   o u t p u t   v o l t a g e   on  t h e  

i s  equal  t o  940  mv 

Now 

t r y  

another  experiment  w i t h   the 

-S e t   t h e   d i a l   a t t e n u a t o r  

on  t h e  

t o  12  dB. 

As  you  switch  t h e   d i s p l a y   r e s o l u t i o n   on  t h e  

between  1,  2,  and 

dB,  note  t h a t   t h e   s i g n a l   i s  12  dB  down  from  t h e  

c a l i b r a t i o n   l i n e  

dB)  on  a l l   three  d i s p l a y   scales. 

The  r e s o l u t i o n  

s e t t i n g s   on  t h e   a n a l y z e r   always  expand  around  t h e  

dB  r e f e r e n c e   l i n e .  

As  analyzer  r e s o l u t i o n   reaches  1 dB  per  step  i t  can  be  observed  t h a t  
p i n k   noise  i n  t h e   l o w   frequency  f i l t e r s   appears  l e s s   s t a b l e   i n  amplitude 

when  viewed  on  t h e  

This  i s  a 

occurence  w i t h   any  p i n k  

noise  source  and  a n a l y z e r ,   and  i s  due  t o  t h e   random  n a t u r e   o f  p i n k   n o i s e  
and  t h e   f a c t   t h a t   t h e   l o w   frequency  f i l t e r s   have  narrower  bandwidths. 

If 

p i n k   n o i s e   i s  averaged  over  a  long  p e r i o d   o f   time  i t  w i  

appear  v e r y  

f l a t   w i t h   l i t t l e  v a r i a t i o n   i n  amplitude.  Using  a  l o n g   d e t e c t o r   time 

would  be  f o r c e d   t o  w a i t   f o r  an  excessively  l o n g   t i m e   p e r i o d  

f o r   t h e   a n a l y z e r   t o   respond  t o  a  change  i n  frequency  response  and  we 

would  have  something' l e s s   than  a  " r e a l  

analyzer. 

The 

detectors  a r e   o p t i m i z e d   f o r  best  s t a b i l i t y   versus  f a s t   response  time  of 

t h e   d i s p l a y e d   s i g n a l .  

High  r e s o l u t i o n   measurements  need  n o t   be  l e s s  

accurate  i f  we  s i m p l y   observe  the  l e v e l   a t  which  t h e  

spend  most 

t h e   time. 

P I N K  

NOISE 

TESTING 

Using  p i n k   n o i s e   as  a  s i g n a l   source  w i t h   t h e  

w i l l  

e n a b l e   a  measurement 

of  frequency  response  and  gain  ( o r   l o s s )   simultaneously. 

The  s i m p l e s t  

way  t o  describe  t h e   procedure  i s   through  t h e   use  o f   a  few  examples. 

page 

11 

Содержание IE-10A

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Страница 5: ...Our new address lvie Technologies Inc 1605 NW State St Lclli UT 84043 Ph 801 766 7600 Fax 801 766 8282 Audio Spectrum Analyzer Owners and Operators Manual January 1977 Printedin U S A...

Страница 6: ...s page 19 Body E f f e c t s On Sound Measurements page 23 Correcting For Background Noise page 23 Adding Sound Levels page 23 Measuring dB SPL With The IE 1OA page 25 Making DBM Measurements page 29...

Страница 7: ...prove to be defective provided the analyzer i s returned shipping prepaid to an authorized Ivie Electronics service faci 1i ty Defects caused by modifications misuse or accidents are not covered by t...

Страница 8: ...s aluminum fusion bonded with nylon and internal construction i s 100 modular Every IE 1OA i s thoroughly and painstakingly tested t o assure complete p e r f o a n c e Each u n i t i s then heat test...

Страница 9: ...t i s twice f m the second harmonic and 0 4 i s a frequency t h a t i s f o u r tenths t h a t o f the f i l t e r center frequency A well designed bandpass f i l t e r should a1low passband informat...

Страница 10: ...g energy and they will display that energy on the analyzer a t an attenuated 1eve1 Depending upon the display range selected several f i1ters could respond t o a signal even though the energy i s a t...

Страница 11: ...IE 1OA FRONT PANEL AND CONTROLS Figure 4 Page 5...

Страница 12: ...ua1i ty Sound Level Meter type 2 The microphone becomes f u t i o n a l as the s i g n a l source f o r the IE 1OA only when t h e INPUT switch i s s e t t o i n t e r n a l INT QDISPLAY GRATICULE The...

Страница 13: ...luminates when the Ni Cad batteries are low and require charging BATTERY CHARGER JACK This jack i s provided t o recharge the N i Ca batteries i n the IE 1OA using the model IE 165A adaptor charger 9S...

Страница 14: ...time and f a l l t i m e response t o enable the operator t o view signal transients impulses osci 11ations music signatures and other rapidly changing phenomenon The pink noise averaging mode was des...

Страница 15: ...l i n e being used Using the ZE 165A w i t h AC power o t h e r than 115v o r 230v a t 50 60 Hz may cause damage t o your IE 1OA The IE 1OA may also be operated d i r e c t l y from the AC power 1i n...

Страница 16: ...d i n dB f o r r e l a t i v e measurements l i k e gain loss and frequency response For sound 1eve1 measurements using the IE 1OA microphone t h e analyzer i s always calibrated i n absol u t e dB SP...

Страница 17: ...ine As analyzer r e s o l u t i o n reaches 1 dB per step i t can be observed t h a t pink noise i n the low frequency f i l t e r s appears less stable i n amplitude when viewed on the IE 1OA This i...

Страница 18: ...le Figure 7 3 Set the ZE 1OA detectors i n the p i n k noise averaging mode This i s accomplished by moving the MODE switch t o the C f i l t e r position and then back t o OCT 4 Using the patch cable...

Страница 19: ...esponse If desired display resolution can be increased f o r improved measurement accuracy o f the frequency response 2nd EXAMPLE A manufacturer specifies h i s audio device to have less than 10 dB i...

Страница 20: ...ation signal high on the display It does not have t o be a t the 0 dB l i n e as shown CALIBRATION STEP 0 dB calibration Line Figure 11 4 Insert the audio t e s t device between the IE 20A and the IE...

Страница 21: ...e analyzer testing i s measuring the frequency response o f speakers microphones and other audio devices i n t h e i r operating environments Speakers and m icrophones are normally characterized f o r...

Страница 22: ...r a m p l i f i e r d r i v i n g the speakers 3 Increase the pink noise output from the IE 20A u n t i l room signal i s s l i g h t l y above normal l i s t e n i n g levels 4 Set IE 1OA controls i...

Страница 23: ...been adjusted t o the desired response an overall dual channel response can be analyzed by p u t t i n g pink noise i n t o both channels a t the same time The transducers t o be used w i t h a p a r...

Страница 24: ...ure 15 Using the system microphone for the IE 1OA response t e s t includes the microphone s response i n the o v e r a l l measurement Any equal i z a t i o n t h a t i s done w i l l also compensate...

Страница 25: ...10 T h r e s h o l d o f Hearing 0 1 Small A i r c r a f t Engine Automobile Horn 1 Quite O f f i c e I Outdoors i n the C o u n t r y Figure 16 Of major importance t o the understanding o f sound me...

Страница 26: ...readings t o be made w i t h an A weighted scale Noise causing hearing damage has been found t o correlate more c l o s e l y w i t h the A weighted scale which explains why t h i s p a r t i c u l a...

Страница 27: ...single source i f t e s t s are made too close near field t o the source being measured see f i g u r e 19 The near field SPL can change dramaticall y w i t h small p o s i t i o n changes o f the sou...

Страница 28: ...phones can be used One i s a f r e e f i e l d microphone and the other i s a pressure microphone The two microphones are designed t o be held a t d i f f e r e n t angles t o the sound sobrce The f r...

Страница 29: ...e made w i t h the IE 1OA i n the same location 3 Calculate the difference between the two readings measured on the IE 1OA If the difference i s less than 3dB accurate measurements cannot be made If t...

Страница 30: ...hart Go up u n t i l the curve i s intersected and then go l e f t t o the v e r t i c a l axis Then add the c o r r e c t i o n i n dB indicated by the v e r t i c a l axis t o the value of the highe...

Страница 31: ...and the INPUT switch s e t t o INT the 0 dB graticule l i n e i s 140 dB SPL as shown i n Fig 23 The b u i l t i n microphone i s calibrated t o measure signals i n dB SPL i n a11 three f i l t e r mo...

Страница 32: ...itches be s e t t o 0 dB the least s e n s i t i v e p o s i t i o n o f the analyzer and t h a t the 3 dB step resolution be selected If a signal does n o t appear on the display screen t h i s impli...

Страница 33: ...be sure t o include the c o r r e c t sign 1ST EXAMPLE With one o f the s e n s i t i v i t y switches set t o 0 dB and the other set t o 60 dB the 0 dB l i n e on the IE 1OA display changes t o a ref...

Страница 34: ...e a t a l e v e l o f 90 dB plus 2 dB 92 dB SPL 1 d B S c a l e I3 2 b I K l 4 K 8 K I t K 3 6 9 YM H L 92 d B S P L l a 1 1 1 1 I I 1 1 l l os 90 dB SPL e f 1 1 1 1 I I l I I I 1 1 a 1 1 1 1 1 1 I l...

Страница 35: ...v i t y switches on the IE 1OA f r o n t panel there are two colored reference levels 0 dBm i n blue and 140 dB SPL i n red Note t h a t the INPUT switch i s also c o l o r coded w i t h b l u e f o...

Страница 36: ...oise 1k H z OdBm REFERENCE I 5dB Figure 28 Determining what the reference level i s on the analyzer simply requires t h a t we add the two switch settings o f the s e n s i t i v i t y control Referri...

Страница 37: ...select the 3 dB per step resolution t o allow the maximum display range o f 45 dB while l o c a t i n g the signal Once found the unknown signal can be viewed w i t h greater resolution than 3 dB per...

Страница 38: ...I S J 4OdBm REFERENCE 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 2 4 6 I 1 1 1 l 1 1 1 1 1 3 6 9 I I I I I 4 1 2 4 8 d m center Scale S W M I I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 l 4 n 18 I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 Y 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 a U 4 l 1 1...

Страница 39: ...esolution g r a t i c u l e scale should be used Adding the SENSITIVITY switches the REFERENCE l i n e i s 60 plus 0 equal t o 60 dBm The 4 KHz signal i s 2 dB above the reference l i n e a t a level...

Страница 40: ...al t o 1 23 microvolts 116 dBm from 32 Hz t o 4 KHz and i s equal t o 3 46 microvolts 107 dBm i n the widest bandwidth a t 16 KHz For octave o r fractional octave real time analyzers the noise f l o o...

Страница 41: ...tor i s basically a 20 dB attenuator as i s the 10 1 divider oscilloscope probe Input s e n s i t i v i t y equal t o the value of the attenuator i s sacrificed any time an attenuator i s used with a...

Страница 42: ...order t o determine the true signal level I n the example of Fig 32 the analyzer i s displaying a signal level o f 4 dBm a f t e r 20 dB of attenuation The actual signal l e v e l i s 24 dBm 4 dBm 20...

Страница 43: ...probe adaptor from I v i e E l e c t r o n i c s w i l l provide 20 dB o f attenuation and when used w i t h a 10 megohm 10 l d i v i d e r probe w i l l provide 40 dB o f attenuation t o the input o...

Страница 44: ...u l l rated output power i s usually specified by the a m p l i f i e r manufacturer along w i t h a t e s t frequency o r range o f frequencies It i s recomnended t h a t the 51AD adaptor and a 10 1...

Страница 45: ...ng a 40 dB attenuator w i t h the IE lOA a displayed signal l e v e l of 38 dBrn i s equal t o a t r u e signal l e v e l o f 2 dBm 38 dBm 40 dB The generator should remain connected t o the t e s t a...

Страница 46: ...generator 1i k e the IE 20A i s that both gain o r 1oss and frequency response are displayed simul taneously For greater d e t a i l on pink noise applications and tests refer i n the operator s manua...

Страница 47: ...the gain i s equal t o 26 dBm Gain i s a r e l a t i v e measurement not absolute and i s u s u a l l y expressed i n dB Measuring the gain o f a m p l i f i e r s w i t h output voltages i n excess o...

Страница 48: ...e as shown i n Fig 36below I t i s n t necessary f o r the signal level t o be a t 0 dB on the analyzer display but i t does serve as a convenient calibration 1ine for most insertion loss measurements...

Страница 49: ...his indicates that our signal is between 8 dB and 9 d B down from the 0 d B calibration line Insertion loss is equal to 8 5 dB and so our test device meets specifications a t 63 Hz To be more rigorous...

Страница 50: ...o f 10 Hz 40 KHz Only three analyzer c o n t r o l s a f f e c t the operation o f the preamplifier these are POWER SENSITIVITY controls gain o f preamp and INPUT Gain o f the preamp1if i e r i s dete...

Страница 51: ...he IE 1OA preamplif i e r output c i r c u i t i s capable o f delivering a maximum o f 2 0 Volts RMS i n t o a 600 ohm 1oad Load impedances 1ess than 100 ohms can be used b u t wi t h some sacrifice...

Страница 52: ...Relative f i l t e r flatness 0 5 dB Passband flatness 0 5 dB Ripple A weighted and C weighted sound level f i l t e r s F i l t e r shape and accuracy s a t i s f i e s ANSI S1 4 1971 type SZA S2C an...

Страница 53: ...rs Low battery i n d i c a t o r l i g h t A C LINE OPERATION from AC adaptor charger 115 230 VAC 50 60 Hz Charge i n d i c a t o r 1ight ENVIRONMENTAL A l l c i r c u i t s temperahure compelsated Op...

Страница 54: ...times The f a s t detector time s h a l l be suitable f o r signal monitoring and the slow detector response time s h a l l be suitable f o r pink noise averaging The analyzer s h a l l have a dynamic...

Страница 55: ...ing prepaid t o an I v i e Electronics service f a c i l i t y Shipping the instrument i n i t s original packaging i s recommended Repair w i l l be made and the u n i t w i l l be returned prepaid a...

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