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Glossary
Term Description
TCO

Certified
Projectors
A TCO

-labelled projector is certified to reproduce excellent images to a maximum projected
image size, the TCO

Image Size. In addition, the projector complies with stringent environmental
requirements such as low energy consumption and minimal levels of environmentally hazardous
substances. There is also an eco mode requirement so the projector can be set to lower luminosities,
thus reducing noise, energy consumption and increasing the life of the bulb. The label also requires
manufacturers to prove they are working proactively on environmental improvements to the
production process and social responsibility issues.
Throw Distance Throw distance is the measurement from the projector's lens to the screen. A projector with a zoom
lens will have a range of throw distances for any given image size, while a projector without a zoom
lens will only be able to project one image size at a given distance from the screen. In Projector
Central's articles, throw distance is normally quoted for a 100" diagonal screen.
Throw Ratio For any given projector, the width of the image (W) relative to the throw distance (D) is know as the
throw ratio D/W. So for example, one of the most common projector throw ratio is 2.0. This means
that for each foot of image width, the projector needs to be 2 feet away or D/W = 2/1 = 2.0.
Tint Television control that varies the colour bias of an incoming video signal. Control needed due to
colour variations in the NTSC signal caused by atmospheric conditions. Does not exist on PAL and
SECAM televisions and adjustment should be unnecessary with directly linked video sources.
UHB Ultra High Brightness. A projector lamp type.
UHF Ultra High Frequency. The 300MHz to 3GHz band of radio frequencies used for broadcast television
among other things including Wi-Fi

.
UHP Ultra High Pressure. An acronym attributed to projector lamps with an internal pressure of over 3000
lbs per square inch. Usually a mercury arc lamp. Also stands for Ultra High Performance.
Unbalanced A type of wiring using ground as a shielding method. More susceptible to interference than balanced
wiring.
Uniformity A measurement of the evenness of the brightness of white or a particular colour across a display
indicated as a percentage. A measurement of 80% means the brightness of an image is 20% less at
its dimmest point compared to its brightest.
Unity Gain A projection screen with a gain rating of one that reflects light with a wide viewing angle back to the
viewer. See Gain.
Universal
Remote
A remote control capable of running multiple components of multiple brands.
Upconvert To convert a lower resolution signal to a higher resolution. For example, 480i to 720p.
UXGA UXGA is a display resolution measuring 1600 pixels horizontally and 1200 pixels vertically giving a
total display resolution of 1,920,000 individual pixels. UXGA has an aspect ratio of 4:3.
VBR Variable Bit Rate. Refers to a variable data rate for encoding MPEG where picture quality is maintained
but data rates change in accordance to the requirements of a video passage. Large amounts of
movement and detail require higher data rates. VBR tends to create more space efficient MPEG files
where picture quality is maintained but data rates change.
Vertical Lens
Shift
The purpose of Lens Shift is to eliminate keystoning and provide greater flexibility in the placement of
the projector relative to the screen. Lens shift may be a manual adjustment or motorized depending
on the projector.
Vertical lens shift will typically allow the projector to be placed anywhere between 1.5 screen heights
above or below the center of the projection screen and may also be used to geometrically align
images when stacking projectors. Horizontal lens shift is also available on some projectors.
VGA VGA is a display resolution measuring 640 horizontal pixels and 480 vertical pixels giving a total
display resolution of 307,200 individual pixels. VGA has a 4:3 aspect ratio.
Glossary