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TTL, 8-32
User, 8-32

Pods, connecting, 5-45
Port in, 4-13
Port out, 4-12
Post-processing Features

chart menu, 8-65
compare menu, 8-67

Power requirements, 1-3, 13-3
Power-up Tests, 13-10
Preparation for use, 13-3 to 13-6
Preprocessor problems, 11-5

erratic trace measurements, 11-7
slow clock, 11-6
target system will not boot up, 11-5

Print

disk, 8-18
partial, 8-19

Print 

all, 8-19

Print field, 8-18
Print to disk

ACSII, 8-18
B/W TIFF, 8-18
EPS, 8-18
PCX, 8-18

Printer

Centronics, 2-8
HP-IB setup, 2-5 to 2-6
interface, 8-25
parallel, 2-8, 8-27
RS-232 , 2-7
supported, 2-2

Probe Cables, 8-10
Probe Connecting

disconnecting probes from pods, 8-13
grabbers to probes, 8-14
pods to probe cables, 8-12
Probe Cables to Analyzer, 8-11 to 8-12

Probe Leads, 8-9
Probe Tip Assemblies, 8-8
Probing, 8-5 to 8-14

assembly, 8-11 to 8-14
general purpose, 8-6
General Purpose Probing, 8-6
grabbers, 8-10
maximum probe input voltage, 8-10
microprocessor and bus, 8-6

minimal signal amplitude, 8-10
options, 8-5
pod thresholds, 8-10
probe and pod grounding, 8-9
probe cable, 8-10
probe leads, 8-9
probe tip assemblies, 8-8
termination adapter, 8-7

Problems, 11-2
Programming

See HP 1660C/CS Logic Analyzers

Programmers Guide
Protocol

defined, 8-27

Pulse limits

test minimum and maximum, 6-18

Purge, 8-22

R

Range specifiers, 9-12
Range terms, 10-15
Real Time Clock Adjustment, 8-28
Recursive call triggering, 6-8
Reference Listing field, 8-68
Registers

verifying correct storage, 6-13

Rename, 8-22
Repeat Loop, instruction, 5-31
Repetitive measurements

automating, 1-7, 7-4

Resource terms, 8-52 to 8-54

assigning combinations, 8-54
assigning custom names, 8-53
assigning edges, 8-54
assigning timers, 8-54
bit patterns, 8-52
edge terms, 8-52
edges, 8-52
range terms, 8-52
timers, 8-52 to 8-53
using bit by bit, 8-54

Resources, 10-16
Rolling data, 8-20
RS-232-C

cable, 8-27

interface, 8-25 to 8-27
printers, 2-7

Run field, 8-19
Run repetitive, 8-19

S

Sample period

Time interval mode, minimum, 9-5
timing analyzers, 4-17

Sampling methods

blind time, 9-9

Saving

menus or measurements as images, 7-8
to a flexible disk or internal drive, 7-4

Screen images, 7-2, 7-8
Secondary branch, 10-14
Select key, 8-16
Selecting

SPA modes, 9-6
State Histogram Mode, 9-6
State Overview Mode, 9-6
Time Interval Mode, 9-6
waveforms display, 8-61

Selecting fields, 1-2, 3-4

display, 9-21
with mouse, 2-3

sequence, 5-7 to 5-8
Sequence levels

branching, 8-49, 8-51
types, 8-44
usage, 8-44

Setting Line Voltage, 13-5
Setting up

State Format specification, 9-7

Setting up 

logic analyzer (SPA), 9-21

Settings

Centronics, 8-27
controller, 2-9
HP-IB, 8-26
printer, 2-6 to 2-8
RS-232-C, 8-26

Setup/Hold field, 8-40
Signal IMB, instruction, 5-31
Signal Line Loading, 8-10
Slave clock, 8-38 to 8-40

defined, 8-36
multiple, 8-36

Index

Index–4

Содержание HP 1660CP Series

Страница 1: ...660 97023 First Edition November 1997 For Safety Information Warranties and Regulatory Information see the pages at the end of this manual Copyright Hewlett Packard Company 1991 1997 All Rights Reserved HP 1660CP Series Logic Analyzers ...

Страница 2: ... 540 MB hard disk drive HP IB and RS 232 C controller and printer interface Centronics printer interface Variable setup hold time 4 K memory on all channels with 8 K in half channel mode Marker measurements 12 levels of trigger sequencing for state and 10 levels of trigger sequencing for timing 100 MHz time tagging and number of states tagging Full programmability DIN mouse and keyboard support Pa...

Страница 3: ...iled examples to help you use your analyzer in performing complex measurements The third part chapters 8 through 10 contains reference information on the hardware and software including the analyzer menus and how they are used There are sections for each analyzer menu and a separate chapter on System Performance Analysis The fourth part chapters 11 through 13 provides a basic service guide 1 Logic...

Страница 4: ...iv ...

Страница 5: ...er 2 8 To connect to a controller 2 9 3 Using the Logic Analyzer Accessing the Menus 3 3 To access the System menus 3 4 To access the Analyzer menus 3 6 To access the Pattern Generator menus 3 8 Using the Analyzer Menus 3 9 To label channel groups 3 9 To create a symbol 3 11 To examine an analyzer waveform 3 13 To examine an analyzer listing 3 15 To compare two listings 3 17 The Inverse Assembler ...

Страница 6: ...rrelation between Analyzers 4 10 To set up time correlation between two state analyzers 4 11 To set up time correlation between a timing and a state analyzer 4 11 Arming and Additional Instruments 4 12 To arm another instrument 4 12 To receive an arm signal from another instrument 4 13 Managing Memory 4 14 To selectively store branch conditions State only 4 15 To place the trigger in memory 4 16 T...

Страница 7: ...ctions in a sequence 5 10 To include a user macro in a sequence 5 11 To build a user macro 5 12 To modify a macro name 5 13 To edit a macro 5 13 To add delete or rename parameters 5 14 To place parameters in a vector 5 15 To enter or modify parameters 5 16 To build a User Symbol Table 5 17 To include symbols in a sequence 5 18 To include symbols in a macro 5 19 To store a configuration 5 20 To loa...

Страница 8: ...on the nth recursive call of a recursive function 6 8 To trigger on entry to a function 6 10 To capture a write of known bad data to a particular variable 6 11 To trigger on a loop that occasionally runs too long 6 12 To verify correct return from a function call 6 13 To trigger after all status bus lines finish transitioning 6 14 To find the nth assertion of a chip select line 6 15 To verify that...

Страница 9: ...ce lists 6 29 To view trace lists and waveforms on the same display 6 30 7 File Management Transferring Files Using the Flexible Disk Drive 7 3 To save a configuration 7 4 To load a configuration 7 6 To save a trace list in ASCII format 7 7 To save a screen s image 7 8 To load additional software 7 9 8 Reference Configuration Capabilities 8 3 Probing 8 5 General purpose probing system description ...

Страница 10: ... 23 Load and Store 8 24 The RS 232 C HP IB and Centronics Interfaces 8 25 The HP IB interface 8 26 The RS 232 C interface 8 26 The Centronics interface 8 27 System Utilities 8 28 Real Time Clock Adjustments field 8 28 Update FLASH ROM field 8 28 Shade adjustments 8 30 The Analyzer Configuration Menu 8 31 Type field 8 31 Illegal configuration 8 31 Contents x ...

Страница 11: ... polarity fields 8 43 The Analyzer Trigger Menu 8 44 Trigger sequence levels 8 44 Modify Trigger field 8 44 Timing trigger macro library 8 45 State trigger macro library 8 47 Modifying the user macro 8 49 Resource terms 8 52 Arming Control field 8 55 Acquisition Control field 8 56 Count field State only 8 57 The Listing Menu 8 58 Markers 8 58 The Waveform Menu 8 60 sec Div field 8 60 Accumulate fi...

Страница 12: ...ce Listing field 8 68 Copy Listing to Reference field 8 69 Find Error field 8 69 Compare Full Compare Partial field 8 69 Mask field 8 70 Bit Editing field 8 70 9 System Performance Analysis SPA Software System Performance Analysis Software 9 2 What is System Performance Analysis 9 4 Getting started 9 6 SPA measurement processes 9 8 Using State Overview State Histogram and Time Interval 9 21 Using ...

Страница 13: ...derations 10 11 The Trigger Sequence 10 12 Trigger sequence specification 10 13 Analyzer resources 10 15 Timing analyzer 10 18 State analyzer 10 18 Configuration Translation Between HP Logic Analyzers 10 19 The Analyzer Hardware 10 21 HP 1660CP series analyzer theory 10 22 Logic acquisition board theory 10 25 Pattern Generator board theory 10 28 Self tests description 10 30 Contents xiii ...

Страница 14: ...ler will not load or run 11 9 Error Messages 11 10 Inverse Assembler Not Found 11 10 No Configuration File Loaded 11 10 Selected File is Incompatible 11 10 Slow or Missing Clock 11 11 Waiting for Trigger 11 11 Must have at least 1 edge specified 11 12 Time correlation of data is not possible 11 12 Maximum of 32 channels per label 11 12 Timer is off in sequence level n where it is used 11 13 Timer ...

Страница 15: ...zer 12 5 13 Operator s Service Preparing For Use 13 3 To inspect the logic analyzer 13 4 To apply power 13 4 To set the line voltage 13 5 To degauss the display 13 6 To clean the logic analyzer 13 6 To test the logic analyzer 13 6 Troubleshooting 13 7 To use the flowcharts 13 8 To check the power up tests 13 10 To run the self tests 13 11 To test the auxiliary power 13 17 Contents xv ...

Страница 16: ...xvi ...

Страница 17: ...1 Logic Analyzer Overview ...

Страница 18: ...es the value in the field If the highlighted field performs a function the Select key starts the function Done Key The Done key saves assignments and closes pop up menus In some fields its action is the same as the Select key Shift Key The shift key which is blue provides lowercase letters and access to the functions in blue on some of the keys You do not need to hold the shift key down while pres...

Страница 19: ...ng a mouse you can do the same actions by holding down the right button of the mouse while dragging HP 1660CP Series Logic Analyzer Back Panel Line Power Module Permits selection of 110 120 or 220 240 Vac and contains the fuses for each of these voltage ranges External Trigger BNCs The External Trigger BNCs provide the Port In and Port Out connections for the Arm In and Arm Out of the Trigger Armi...

Страница 20: ...ecting an HP IB printer or controller Parallel Printer Connector Standard Centronics connector for connecting a parallel printer LAN Connectors Connects the logic analyzer to your local ethernet network The BNC connector on top accepts 10Base2 thinlan The UTP connector below the BNC connector accepts 10Base T ethertwist Logic Analyzer Overview 1 4 ...

Страница 21: ...bing in Chapter 8 for more detail on constructing probes Set type When the logic analyzer is turned on Analyzer 1 is named Machine 1 and is configured as a timing analyzer and Analyzer 2 is off To use state analysis or software profiling you must set the type of the analyzer in the Analyzer Configuration menu You can only use one timing analyzer at a time Assign pods In the Analyzer Configuration ...

Страница 22: ...the data gathered by the logic analyzer might indicate an error where none exists See Also The Analyzer Format Menu in Chapter 8 for more information on modes and clocks Group bits under labels The Analyzer Format menu indicates active pod bits You can create groups of bits across pods or subgroups within pods and name the groups or subgroups using labels If you load a configuration file this step...

Страница 23: ... sequence of steps that control when the logic analyzer starts and stops storing data and filters which data it will store For common tasks you can use a trigger macro to simplify the process or use the user defined macros to loop and jump in sequence See Also Chapter 4 Using the Trigger Menu and Chapter 6 Triggering Examples for more information on setting up a trigger The Trigger Sequence in Cha...

Страница 24: ...asurement conditions If nothing happens see Troubleshooting When you start a run your analyzer menu changes to one of the display menus or a status message pops up If nothing happens press the Stop key or select Cancel If the analyzer still does not display any measurements see Chapter 11 Troubleshooting Gather data You can gather statistics automatically by going to the Waveform or Listing menu t...

Страница 25: ...alyzer listing The System Performance Analysis SPA Software does not save a record of actual activity so it cannot be correlated with either timing or state mode Make measurements The markers can count occurrences of events measure durations and collect statistics and SPA provides high level summaries to help you identify bottlenecks To use the markers select the appropriate marker type in the dis...

Страница 26: ...1 10 ...

Страница 27: ...2 Connecting Peripherals ...

Страница 28: ... connector The DIN connector is the type commonly used by personal computer accessories Printers The logic analyzer communicates directly with HP PCL printers supporting the printer control language or with other printers supporting the Epson standard command set Many non Epson printers have an Epson emulation mode HP PCL printers include the following HP ThinkJet HP LaserJet HP PaintJet HP DeskJe...

Страница 29: ... fields If the logic analyzer was displaying the System External I O menu when you plugged in the mouse the menu won t update until you exit and then return to it The mouse pointer looks like a plus sign To select a field move the pointer over it and press the left button To duplicate the front panel knob hold down the right button while moving the mouse Moving the mouse up or to the right duplica...

Страница 30: ... was displaying the System External I O menu while you plugged the keyboard in the menu won t update until you exit and then return to it The keyboard cursor is the location on the screen highlighted in inverse video To move the cursor use the arrow keys Pressing Enter selects the highlighted field The primary keyboard keys act like the analyzer s front panel data entry keys See Also Keyboard Shor...

Страница 31: ...le from the printer to the HP IB connector on the analyzer rear panel 2 Turn on the analyzer and printer 3 Make sure the printer is set to Listen Always or Listen Only For example the figure below shows the HP IB configuration switches for an HP IB ThinkJet printer For the Listen Always mode move the second switch from the left to the 1 position Because the instrument doesn t respond to SRQ EN Ser...

Страница 32: ...sing If you are using an Epson graphics printer or an Epson compatible printer select Alternate d If the default print width and page length are not what you want select the fields to toggle them If you select 132 characters per line when using a printer other than QuietJet the listings are printed in a compressed mode QuietJet printers can print 132 characters per line without going to compressed...

Страница 33: ...gs a If the analyzer is not already set to RS232 select the field under Connected To in the Printer box and choose RS232 from the menu b Select the Printer Settings field c In the top field of the pop up select the type of printer you are using If you are using an Epson graphics printer or an Epson compatible printer select Alternate d If the default print width and page length are not what you wa...

Страница 34: ...er Connected To in the Printer box and choose Parallel from the menu b Select the Printer Settings field c In the top field of the pop up select the type of printer you are using If you are using an Epson graphics printer or an Epson compatible printer select Alternate d If the default print width and page length are not what you want select the fields to toggle them If you select 132 characters p...

Страница 35: ...you do not have a null modem cable you can purchase an adapter at any electronics supply store 2 Turn on the logic analyzer and then the controller 3 In the System External I O menu select the field under Connected To in the Controller box and set it appropriately 4 Select the appropriate Settings field and configure the values in the pop up menu to be compatible with the controller HP IB Connecti...

Страница 36: ...2 10 ...

Страница 37: ...3 Using the Logic Analyzer ...

Страница 38: ...he Logic Analyzer This chapter shows you how to perform the basic tasks necessary to make a measurement Each section uses an example to show how the task fits into the overall goal of making a measurement 3 2 ...

Страница 39: ...e menu field For example if you are in Analyzer mode the menus for the analyzer are accessed from the menu field Menus are referred to by the titles that appear in the mode and menu fields for example the Analyzer Configuration menu The figure below shows the top of the first screen The mode field item 1 displays Analyzer The menu field item 2 displays Configuration Because menus are identified by...

Страница 40: ...he mode field then press the Select key Or if you are using the mouse click on the field This operation is referred to as select A pop up menu appears with the choices System and Analyzer If you have installed any optional software there may be other choices as well 2 Select System 3 Select the menu field The pop up lists five menus Hard Disk Flexible Disk External I O Utilities and Test Using the...

Страница 41: ... operating system software and adjust the display Test displays the installed software version number and loads the self tests See Also For information on File Management see Chapter 7 and for information on Disk Drive Operations see Chapter 8 For information on the External I O menu Connecting Peripherals see Chapter 2 and The RS 232 C HP IB and Centronics Interfaces see Chapter 8 For how to run ...

Страница 42: ...guration is always available in Analyzer mode Use Configuration to assign pods and set the analyzer type Format is available whenever an analyzer is set to a type other than Off Use Format to create data labels and symbols adjust the pod threshold level and set modes and clocks Trigger is available when an analyzer is set to State or Timing Use Trigger to specify a trigger sequence which will filt...

Страница 43: ...an analyzer is set to State Use Chart to view your measurement as a graph of states versus time SPA is available only when an analyzer is set to SPA Use SPA to gather and view overall statistics about your system performance See Also Chapter 8 Reference for details on the State and Timing menus and Chapter 9 System Performance Analysis SPA Software for information on the SPA menu Using the Analyze...

Страница 44: ...field The menus for the pattern generator Patt Gen Sequence menu is used to build test vector files There are two sequences an initialization sequence and a main sequence Patt Gen Format menu is used to configure the pattern generator with a clock source and parameters to generate a symbol table to select its output mode to assign which vector output channels are used and to group and label the ve...

Страница 45: ...of interest Labels can only be assigned in the Analyzer Format menu Once assigned the labels are available in all display menus where they can be added to or deleted from the display Use labels when you want to group data channels by function with a name that has meaning to that function The default label names are Lab1 through Lab126 However you can modify a name to any six character string If yo...

Страница 46: ...sterisk indicates the channel is selected a dot indicates the channel is not part of the current group 5 Toggle the channel s group status by pressing Select The indicator changes and the selector moves to the next channel In this example the channels 3 1 and 0 Pod A1 are assigned to label CYCLE Using the Logic Analyzer To label channel groups 3 10 ...

Страница 47: ...k that you have at least one label turned on with channels assigned to it 2 In the Symbol menu select the Label field In the pop up menu select the label that contains the channel groups you want When you open the symbol table menu the Label field displays the name of the first active label If the label you want does not appear in the pop up menu the label is probably off Return to the Format menu...

Страница 48: ...priate value in the selected base Use X for don t care 8 When the pattern is specified press Done If you created additional Symbols repeat steps 6 and 7 until all symbols are specified 9 To close the symbol table menu select Done Symbol table Menu Showing Three Symbols You can also download symbol tables created by your programming environment using HP E2450A Symbol Utility The Symbol Utility is s...

Страница 49: ...hat field instead 4 To adjust the display relative to the trigger select the Delay field and enter a value or use the knob The portion of memory being displayed is indicated by a white bar along the bottom of the display area The position of the trigger in memory is indicated by a white dot on the same line When the bar includes the dot then the trigger is visible on the display as indicated by a ...

Страница 50: ...tagging is enabled Use markers to locate patterns quickly Example The following example shows a state waveform from the Hewlett Packard preprocessor interface for the Motorola 68360 Notice how the bus waveforms insert symbols or state data roll indicator trigger indicator memory displayed indicator Using the Logic Analyzer To examine an analyzer waveform 3 14 ...

Страница 51: ...e listing If there are more labels than will fit on the screen the Label Base field is shaded like a normal field 3 To scroll the labels select the Label Base field and use the knob or press the blue shift key and a page key If the Label Base field is selectable the roll indicator appears over the field as in the example To move the labels one full screen at a time press Shift and a Page key 4 To ...

Страница 52: ...hether or not tagging is enabled Use markers to locate states quickly Example The following illustration shows a listing from the Hewlett Packard preprocessor interface for the Motorola 68360 The ADDR label has the base set to Hex to conserve space on the display The DATA label has the base set to Invasm for inverse assembly The FC label has the base set to Symbol Additional labels are located to ...

Страница 53: ...ack the Run field onscreen In Analyzer mode with Run available the menu changes to a display menu 2 Go to the Analyzer Compare menu select Copy Listing to Reference and then select Execute The Compare menu initially is empty but when you select Execute the data appears 3 Set up the other test that you want to compare to the first This can be a change to the hardware or a different system Do not ch...

Страница 54: ...m the compare file that is different from the data in the reference file 5 Select the Find Error field and use the knob to scroll through the errors The display jumps past all states that are identical and shows the number of errors through the current state in the Find Error field In the above illustration there are 37 errors through state 44 of the listing Using the Logic Analyzer To compare two...

Страница 55: ...t these five pieces of information Address bus The inverse assembler expects to see the label ADDR with bits ordered in a particular sequence Data bus The inverse assembler expects to see the label DATA with bits ordered in a particular sequence Status The inverse assembler expects to see the label STAT with bits ordered in a particular sequence Start state for disassembly This is the first displa...

Страница 56: ... the STAT label If the operation is an opcode fetch the inverse assembler uses the information on the data bus to look up the corresponding opcode in a table which is displayed under the DATA label If the operation is a data transfer the data and corresponding operation are displayed under the DATA label This continues for all subsequent states in the trace list The inverse assembler synchronizes ...

Страница 57: ...st above and below the point where you synchronized inverse assembly The best way to ensure correct inverse assembly is to synchronize using the first state you know to be the first byte of an opcode fetch See Also The Preprocessor User s Guide for more information on controlling inverse assembly If you have problems using the inverse assembler see Troubleshooting in chapter 11 Using the Logic Ana...

Страница 58: ...3 22 ...

Страница 59: ...4 Using the Trigger Menu ...

Страница 60: ... chapter provides examples of triggering Those examples assume you already know where to find fields in the trigger menu This chapter shows you how to Specify a basic trigger Change a trigger sequence Set up time correlation between analyzers Arm from another instrument or arm another instrument Manage memory 4 2 ...

Страница 61: ...IGGER on a 8 ns for timing analyzers If you want to simply record data these will get you started They can quickly be tailored by specifying a particular pattern to look for instead of the general case Customizing a trigger generally requires these steps Assign terms to both analyzers Define the terms Change the trigger to use the new terms 4 3 ...

Страница 62: ...nu the name you changed it to will appear in the menu instead of Machine 1 2 Select a term The terms are the fields below the roll field Terms See the figure below 3 Select Assign from the list that appears The Resource Term Assignment menu appears It is divided into two sections one for each analyzer All terms are listed 4 To change a term assignment select the term field The term fields toggle f...

Страница 63: ...ls you want to monitor are not attached to a label they will not appear in the trigger menu 2 Enter the value or pattern you want to trigger on If the label s base is Symbol a pop up menu appears offering a choice of symbols For other bases use the keypad An X stands for don t care If there are two conditions that need to be present at the same time for example a protected address on the address b...

Страница 64: ... Select New Macro and Delete Level The next section goes into detail on them The fields after While storing TRIGGER on and Else on are completed with trigger terms Selecting these fields pops up a menu of terms 3 Select the term you want to use from the pop up or enter a new value as appropriate to the field Selecting Combination pops up a menu to define a term combination The combination mechanis...

Страница 65: ...quence levels Change macros Your logic analyzer provides a macro library to make setting up the trigger easier There are 12 state macros and 13 timing macros Most macros take more than one level internally to implement and can be broken down into their separate levels Once broken down the levels can be used to design your own trigger sequences 4 7 ...

Страница 66: ...pop ups have an Insert Level field in the upper left corner 2 Select Insert Level Another pop up offers the choices of Cancel Before or After If the level you started from was the last level After will not appear 3 Select Before The Trigger Macro pop up replaces the Sequence Level pop up The macros available depend on whether the analyzer is configured as state or timing 4 Use the knob to highligh...

Страница 67: ...ontents reflect the macro you just selected The wording of this screen is very similar to the macro description and the line drawing demonstrates what the macro is measuring 4 Select the appropriate assignment fields and insert the desired pre defined terms numeric values and other parameter fields required by the macro Select Done For state analyzers a final go to trigger level is automatically p...

Страница 68: ...ts of data for each trace but see how they are related For instance you could set up a timing and a correlated state analyzer and see if setup and hold times are being met Or you could set up two state analyzers and have one watch normal program execution and the other watch the control and status lines Time correlation requires that state analyzers store time tags You set the state analyzer to st...

Страница 69: ... 1 through 3 for the other state analyzer Now when you acquire data you will be able to interleave the listings To set up time correlation between a timing and a state analyzer To set up time correlation between a timing and a state analyzer only the state analyzer needs to have Count Time turned on The timing analyzer automatically keeps track of time 1 In the state Analyzer Trigger menu select C...

Страница 70: ...put port is also referred to as Port Out It uses standard TTL logic signal levels and will generate a rising edge when trigger conditions are met 2 In the Analyzer Trigger menu select Arming Control Arming Control is below the Run button 3 Select the field near Arm Out and choose PORT OUT 4 If you are using both analyzers set the Arm Out Sent From field in the upper right corner This field does no...

Страница 71: ... External Trigger Input The External Trigger Input port is also referred to as Port In It uses standard TTL logic signal levels and expects a rising edge as input 2 In the Analyzer Trigger menu select Arming Control Arming Control is below the Run button 3 Select the leftmost field and choose PORT IN The field is unlabeled and shows either Run or PORT IN It has arrows going from it to the analyzer...

Страница 72: ...st bit of memory you can get on the logic analyzer There are three simple ways to maximize memory when specifying your trigger Selectively store branch conditions State only Place the trigger relative to memory Set the sampling rates Timing only 4 14 ...

Страница 73: ...rigger sequence specification 1 In the Analyzer Trigger menu select Acquisition Control The Acquisition Control menu pops up If the acquisition mode is set to Automatic the menu contains a single field and an explanation If Acquisition has been customized it has 3 fields and a picture showing where the trigger is currently placed in memory 2 If the mode is Automatic select the field and toggle it ...

Страница 74: ...laced in memory 2 If the mode is Automatic select the field to toggle it to Manual The menu now shows three fields and a picture 3 Select the Trigger Position field A list of choices appears as shown in the timing trigger example below 4 Select the appropriate entry for your needs Start Center and End place the trigger respectively at the beginning middle and end of the memory Delay available in t...

Страница 75: ...ode is set to Automatic the menu contains a single field and an explanation If Acquisition has been customized it has 3 or 4 fields and a picture showing where the trigger is currently placed in memory 2 If the mode is Automatic select the field and toggle it to Manual The menu now shows three fields and a picture 3 Set the Sample Period field using the knob or select it to use the keypad to enter...

Страница 76: ...4 18 ...

Страница 77: ...5 Using the Pattern Generator ...

Страница 78: ...rns for design and test environments It also covers the pattern generator common menus loading ASCII files and the pattern generator probing system This chapter covers Setting up the proper configurations Building test vectors and macros Pattern generator common menus Loading ASCII files Pattern generator probing system 5 2 ...

Страница 79: ...System To set up the configuration 1 From the Format menu set the Vector Output Mode to either full or half channel Make this selection first because clock frequencies and available channels are affected In half channel mode only pods 1 and 3 are used 2 Set the Clock Source to either internal or external An external clock is used when you need a clock frequency that is not available internally or ...

Страница 80: ...rating mode Operating the pattern generator at an external clock frequency higher than selected will result in erroneous operation 4 Set the Clock Out Delay if a delay is needed Setting a delay is useful when using the clock out edge as a read strobe If you do not set the Clock Out Delay the value is uncalibrated Using the Pattern Generator To set up the configuration 5 4 ...

Страница 81: ...iated pods A label may contain a maximum of 32 channels however a single channel cannot be used under more than one label 1 Select the label s channel assignment field 2 Select the desired channels asterisk on period off Only the selected channels can output pattern generator signals 3 Select Done Using the Pattern Generator To build a label 5 5 ...

Страница 82: ...You build programs in the Sequence menu If you have small program segments that are built from frequently used vectors they can be built in the User Macros Sequence menu Another way to build programs is to generate them on another system then load them as ASCII files For more information refer to Loading ASCII files on page 5 36 5 6 ...

Страница 83: ...ntil stop is selected 1 From the Sequence menu use the knob to highlight the first data row 2 Select the Insert field once for each line of vectors you want inserted into the main sequence These new lines of vectors provide fields to place data into for each label 3 Select the data field then type in a data value If you will be adding data in many fields use the Autoroll feature Refer to To use Au...

Страница 84: ...QUENCE START 2 Select the Insert field once for each new line of vectors you want inserted into the initialization sequence These new lines of vectors provide fields to place data into for each label 3 Select the data field then type in a data value If you are adding data in many fields use the Autoroll feature Refer to To use Autoroll later in this chapter To edit a main or initialization sequenc...

Страница 85: ... If Event 1 Highlight the vector that you want to output as a hardware instruction 2 Select the INST field of the highlighted vector 3 Select the desired hardware instruction type 4 If required select any qualifying actions for the hardware instruction Using the Pattern Generator To include hardware instructions in a sequence 5 9 ...

Страница 86: ...his chapter Macros must be built before they can be inserted To include these instructions in a sequence use the following procedure 1 Highlight the vector that will be output at the time of the instruction 2 Select the INST field 3 Select the desired software instruction to insert 4 If required select any qualifying actions for the instruction Using the Pattern Generator To include software instr...

Страница 87: ...acros turn to To build a user macro to build needed macros 1 Insert a new vector where you want to place the user macro 2 Highlight this new vector using the knob then select the INST field 3 Select the User Macro field 4 Select the user macro you want to insert from the list provided in the pop up Using the Pattern Generator To include a user macro in a sequence 5 11 ...

Страница 88: ...t the Add Del Macro field then select ADD MACRO 2 Select the MACRO field then type the new macro name 3 Add any desired parameters Parameters are set when they are inserted into MAIN or INIT sequences For more information on adding parameters refer to Adding parameters found later in this chapter 4 Select the Insert field to add as many vectors as needed into the macro 5 Highlight the desired vect...

Страница 89: ...rom the list of macros 2 Highlight the first line of the macro then select the field 3 Modify the macro name then select Done To edit a macro 1 Highlight the vector you want to edit using the knob 2 Select the field you want to edit 3 Select the new instruction or change the data values using the pop up or front panel Using the Pattern Generator To modify a macro name 5 13 ...

Страница 90: ... that macro 1 From the User Macros menu select a macro from the list of macros 2 Highlight the first line of the macro then select the field 3 To add a parameter select Add Parameter then select the new parameter field that appears and rename the parameter 4 To delete a parameter from the parameter list select a parameter name then select Delete Parameter Using the Pattern Generator To add delete ...

Страница 91: ... insert them into data fields in macro vectors 1 From the User Macro menu select the desired data field in a vector 2 Select the Set Param field From the parameter list that appears select the desired parameter to insert Using the Pattern Generator To place parameters in a vector 5 15 ...

Страница 92: ...ameters for that particular instance To enter or modify macro parameters use the following procedure 1 From the Sequence menu highlight the line which contains the macro name then select the field 2 Enter or modify the parameter in the pop up menu 3 Select Done Using the Pattern Generator To enter or modify parameters 5 16 ...

Страница 93: ...re specific for a given label Symbol width determines the width of the symbolic name displayed in the Sequence menu 3 Select the Symbol field then enter a name for the symbol 4 Select the desired symbol Type then enter the Pattern Start and Stop values The type is either a pattern or a range A range provides a symbolic method for defining values within a specified range 5 If you want to add more s...

Страница 94: ...e for more information 1 From the Sequence menu select the Base field under the desired label where you want a symbol used 2 From the Base selection list select Symbol 3 Highlight the desired vector then select the data field 4 Select the desired predefined symbol name Using the Pattern Generator To include symbols in a sequence 5 18 ...

Страница 95: ...cro 1 From the User Macros menu select the label Base field for any label that has pre assigned symbols Then select Symbol from the Base selection list 2 Highlight any vector in the macro Then select the data field under the label that has the pre assigned symbol 3 Select the symbol name you want displayed Using the Pattern Generator To include symbols in a macro 5 19 ...

Страница 96: ...k for future uses 1 From the System menu select Configuration 2 Select Hard Disk 3 Select the Store operation then Patt Gen 4 Select the to file field and type a name for the file 5 Select the file description field and type in a description if desired 6 Select Execute Using the Pattern Generator To store a configuration 5 20 ...

Страница 97: ...om the System menu select Configuration 2 Select Hard Disk 3 Select the Load operation then Patt Gen 4 Highlight the file to be loaded by rotating the knob 5 Select Execute Using the Pattern Generator To load a configuration 5 21 ...

Страница 98: ...dy to define the next data field The following procedure shows you how to use Autoroll 1 Select the first data field to define 2 Enter the desired data using the pop up keypad 3 Select the Autoroll Off field then select the desired roll direction 4 As you continue to enter data and select Done the data field focus rolls to the next data field automatically Using the Pattern Generator To use Autoro...

Страница 99: ... and then group and label the vector output channels Format Menu Clock Source The Clock Source field toggles between internal and external The internal clock source is supplied by the pattern generator and controls the frequency the vectors are output to the system under test The external clock is provided by you or the system under test and is input to the pattern generator through the CLK IN pro...

Страница 100: ...eriod available with Vector Output Mode at Half Channel 200 Mbit s is 5 ns Maximum clock period for either mode is 250 µs Clock Frequency external clock source This field toggles from Clock Frequency when an external clock source is selected to Clock Period when an internal clock source is selected Set the clock frequency range to match the frequency of the external clock source If the Vector Outp...

Страница 101: ...e channel width available pods and the frequency range for both the internal and external clock The following table shows the difference between the Full Channel 100 MBits s mode and the Half Channel 200 MBits s mode Full Channel 100 MBits s Half Channel 200 MBits s Pods Available Pods 1 2 3 4 Pods 1 3 Maximum Channels 32 eight per pod 16 eight on pods 1 3 Maximum External Clock Frequency 100 MHz ...

Страница 102: ...is executed again In repetitive run mode the vectors in the initialization sequence will be output from first to last one time then the main sequence will repetitively output the vectors in the sequence until the stop field is pressed The vector being output when stop is acknowledged by the module will be held at the outputs until run is executed again The initialization sequence can be empty in w...

Страница 103: ...rior to the IF block The first vector of the IF block The last vector of the IF block The vector following the IF block It should be noted that with the Vector Output Mode of Half Channel 200 Mbit s the INIT sequence must contain a number of vectors that is divisible by four If this is not the case the first vector of the INIT sequence is duplicated to create the correct number of vectors With the...

Страница 104: ...ce breaks are ignored while valid branch and wait conditions are executed The Step Count Field The Step Count field lets you set the number of steps to be executed to a maximum of 100 000 The Output First State field reloads the hardware if necessary and places the first vector of the sequence on the outputs The Resume field closes the Step pop up menu and restarts the hardware without changing th...

Страница 105: ...wing the IF block Merge Selecting the Merge field brings up a pop up menu that lets you select sections of a previously created configuration file to merge after the current line in the sequence The Input Drive field selects between the hard disk or the front floppy disk if present The Filename field displays a file browser pop up menu that allows searching for the file to be used in the merge The...

Страница 106: ... insert them The values in the Start End and Copy After fields can be selected with the knob or with the pop up keypad that appears when the appropriate field is selected twice Copy will not be performed if you run out of macro calls 1000 or repeats 1000 Copy will not be allowed if the result of the copy places an instruction on one of the following vectors The first vector of the INIT sequence Th...

Страница 107: ...run time into individual vectors The number of repetitions of the loop maximum 20000 is set when the repeat is first inserted into the sequence and can be altered by selecting the start of the repeat to get the Repeat Count pop up menu Both the start and end of a repeat loop will be removed from the sequence if either is included in the delete block Break The Break instruction causes a break at th...

Страница 108: ...MHz and lower Only one If Event is allowed in a sequence program If a new if instruction is placed in a program sequence a message will appear stating that only one if instruction is allowed To add a new if instruction the old one must be deleted The If event uses either the IMB or the same external clock pod input lines as the Wait event If the condition is true at the If event then the data in t...

Страница 109: ...ht across the labels on the display with an automatic line feed or it can move down a label from vector row to row When the last vector row of the sequence is encountered Autoroll will stop the editing process or the Autoroll can be halted at any point in the editing process by turning the autoroll function off Memory Used The MEMORY USED bar shows in percent how much memory is being used by the v...

Страница 110: ...erences between User Macros and the INIT and MAIN sequences are that macros cannot use the If instruction and a macro cannot call another macro The User Macor Menu This section only covers the two unique fields in the User Macros menu and using parameters For information about other fields in this menu refer to the discussion of these fields in the previous section on the Sequence Menu Macro 0 cur...

Страница 111: ... macro it will be removed from the MAIN sequence but not from the macro list Using Parameters Parameters are used to pass values into macros A major benefit in passing parameters is that you keep a macro s functionality generic and still direct specific action identified by parameters Think of parameters as the only part of a macro that changes as the macro is reused You create the macro and add p...

Страница 112: ...etween the format required for a communication download and that of a disk file load Disk files are loaded into the pattern generator using the LOAD command on the disk menu Some general restrictions are Data is assumed to be entirely hexadecimal base No instructions are allowed in the data No macros are defined or invoked in the data All labels consist of adjacent bits A special ASCII 000000 stri...

Страница 113: ... of these commands Note that there is no section header prefix for these ASCII file command strings Refer to the example programs at the end of this chapter for usage examples of the various commands described in this chapter ASCDown Command Command ASCDown The ASCDown command is used to signal the start of an ASCII file load It causes the current pattern generator label and sequence structures to...

Страница 114: ...s across the output pods Labels may only contain adjacent bits The user must specify the label string and the width of the field The label base is hexadecimal There is a maximum of 126 labels No label may be more than 32 bits wide If a label is too wide too many bits for the remaining unused pattern generator bits it will be discarded Use of the FORMat LABel command after the ASCDown command will ...

Страница 115: ... does not match the actual data byte count of the file an error condition will occur If the actual data count exceeds the byte count passed in with the VECTor command excess data will be lost and treated as remote control bus command s If the actual data count is less than the data count passed in with the VECTor command the bus transfer will appear to hang while the HP 1660CP system waits for the...

Страница 116: ...fields in the row are ignored If there are fewer data fields in a row than there are labels the data for the extra right most labels will be zero Data lines consisting of only line termination characters are ignored The MAIN SEQUENCE must have at least two data lines In the ASCII data file a row consisting of only M is used to signal the start of the main sequence If there is to be no data in the ...

Страница 117: ...d but the line count may not be exact because of parsing problems with the data When using a LAN interface to send ASCII data an extra line feed lf is required at the end of the file This lf is NOT included in the char_count value It is required to ensure the data buffer is flushed Serious problems will cause the default main program to be loaded in an effort to avoid locking up the HP 1660CP syst...

Страница 118: ...f 044 LABEL BIG 12 lf 050 VECT 800000092 lf 060 12 34 56 7 89A lf 070 0 22 7 0 FFF lf 080 A0 33 00 1 111 lf 090 M lf 100 92 6F 00 1 FF0 lf 110 CA CA 00 1 00F lf 120 00 10 11 0 ABC lf Notes Lines 010 through 044 can be sent as discrete remote control commands or included in a single file with the data and loaded using the bus Other format commands could be used in place of or in addition to line 03...

Страница 119: ... each in lines 060 080 100 110 and 120 3 characters in line 090 13 characters in line 070 1 character the lf in line 050 Format Specification Clock Source Internal Vector Output Mode Full Channel 100 Mbit s Clock Period 10 ns Clock Out Delay Setting 0 Using the Pattern Generator Loading an ASCII file over a bus example 5 43 ...

Страница 120: ...n Generator Probing System This section discusses the probing system for the Pattern Generator Pod Numbering The HP 1660CP pods are numbered as shown in the figure below HP 1660CP Pattern Generator Pods 5 44 ...

Страница 121: ...he PC board Direct pod to board connection Simply plug the pod directly into the 3M 2520 series or similar alternative connector on the PC board Jumper cable to pod connection Use this method when you have clearance problems on the PC board Construct a flat ribbon cable and connect as shown below Equivalent connectors can be obtained from sources other than 3M Using the Pattern Generator Connectin...

Страница 122: ...ck 200 MHz Skew Typical 2 ns worst case 4 ns see note 1 Recommended lead set HP 10474A HP 10462A 3 State TTL CMOS Data Pod Output type 74ACT11244 with 100 ohm in series 10H125 on non 3 state channel 7 see note 2 3 state enable negative true 100K ohm to GND enabled on no connect Maximum clock 100 MHz Skew Typical 4 ns worst case 12 ns see note 1 Recommended lead set HP 10474A Using the Pattern Gene...

Страница 123: ...ation Maximum clock 200 MHz Skew Typical 1 ns worst case 2 ns see note 1 Recommended lead set HP 10347A HP 10466A 3 State TTL 3 3 Volt Data Pod Output type 74LVT244 with 100 ohm in series 10H125 on non 3 state channel 7 see note 2 3 state enable negative true 100K ohm to GND enabled on no connect Maximum clock 200 MHz Skew Typical 3 ns worst case 7 ns see note 1 Recommended lead set HP 10474A Usin...

Страница 124: ...e 3 state enable line the channel can be used as a 3 state enable Data Cable Characteristics Without a Data Pod The HP 1660CP data cables without a data pod provide an ECL terminated 1 KΩ to 5 2 V differential signal These are usable when received by a differential receiver preferably with a 100 ohm termination across the lines These signals should not be used single ended due to the slow fall tim...

Страница 125: ...Recommended lead set HP 10474A HP 10463A ECL Clock Pod Clock output type 10H116 differential unterminated and differential with 330 ohm to 5 2v and 47 ohm series Clock output rate 200 MHz maximum Clock out delay 11 ns maximum in 9 steps Clock input type ECL 10H116 with 50 KΩ to 5 2 V Clock input rate DC to 200 MHz Pattern input type ECL 10H116 with 50 KΩ no connect is logic 0 Clk in to clk out App...

Страница 126: ...5 50 ...

Страница 127: ...6 Triggering Examples ...

Страница 128: ...roblem occurs You can use sequential triggering to ensure that those conditions have occurred before the analyzer recognizes its trigger and captures information If you are not familiar with the trigger menus read through Chapter 4 Using the Trigger Menu and try working through the examples in the Logic Analyzer Training Kit manual 6 2 ...

Страница 129: ...see within the sequence levels but the illustrations show the complete multi level sequence specification Although all the examples are case specific terms are named in a way that highlights their role in solving the trigger problem You can easily apply the examples to your specific instance by changing the specific values assigned to the trigger terms 6 3 ...

Страница 130: ...lls then there is likely to be some code at the beginning of the routine that adjusts the stack for local variable allocation This will precede the address of the first statement in the procedure If your subroutine has no local storage and is called by a jump or branch then the first statement will also be the entry address 4 Under State Sequence Levels enter the following sequence specification W...

Страница 131: ...u want to trigger on entry to a routine called MY_SUB You can create a symbol from the address of MY_SUB in the Format menu allowing you to reference the symbol name when setting up the trace specification Assume that MY_SUB extends for 0A hex locations You can set up the trigger sequencer as shown in the display Single Machine Trigger Examples To store and time the execution of a subroutine 6 5 ...

Страница 132: ...ctivity 1 Go to the state analyzer s Trigger menu 2 Define the terms LP_START and LP_END to represent the start and end addresses of statements in the loop and LP_EXIT to represent the first statement executed after the loop terminates 3 Change State Sequence Level 1 s macro to Find event2 n times after event1 before event3 occurs 4 In the pop up enter the following sequence specification While st...

Страница 133: ...gger occurs if the loop executes less than 10 times the analyzer sees LP_EXIT and restarts the trigger sequence The potential problem is that LP_EXIT may be too near LP_END and thus appear on the bus during a prefetch The analyzer will constantly restart the sequence and will never trigger The solution to this problem depends on the structure of your code You may need to experiment with different ...

Страница 134: ... for both CALL_ADD and F_START 3 Change State Sequence Level 1 s macro to Find event2 n times after event1 before event3 occurs 4 In the pop up enter the following sequence specification While storing anystate Find CALL_ADD 9 times after F_START before F_EXIT occurs You should use your value for n 1 instead of 9 in the specification 5 Insert another sequence level before the current one Select the...

Страница 135: ...Triggering on the 10th Call of a Recursive Function Single Machine Trigger Examples To trigger on the nth recursive call of a recursive function 6 9 ...

Страница 136: ...ence specification While storing anystate Find F2_START 1 times after F1_START before F1_END occurs This sequence specification assumes there is some conditional logic in function F1 that chooses whether or not to call function F2 Thus if F1 ends without the analyzer having seen F2 the sequence restarts The specification also stores all execution inside function F1 whether or not F2 was called If ...

Страница 137: ...efine the terms BAD_DATA WRITE and VAR_ADDR to represent the bad data value write status and the address of the variable 3 Under State Sequence Level 1 enter the following sequence specification use the Combination trigger term While storing anystate TRIGGER on BAD_DATA WRITE VAR_ADDR Occurs 1 Else on no state go to level 1 Capturing a Bad Write to a Variable Single Machine Trigger Examples To cap...

Страница 138: ...e loop 3 Change State Sequence Level 1 s macro to Find event2 occurring too late after event1 4 In the pop up menu enter the following sequence specification While storing anystate Find LP_END occurring too late after LP_START Use Timer Timer1 Time 14 µs Of course you use your normal loop duration in place of 14 µs The macro will automatically start Timer1 for you Triggering on a Loop Overrun Sing...

Страница 139: ...tate analyzer s Trigger menu 2 Define terms SR_START and SR_END to represent the start and end addresses of the subroutine 3 Under State Sequence Levels insert 2 more sequence levels and enter the following sequence specification While storing anystate Find SR_START Occurs 1 Else on no state go to level 1 While storing anystate Then find SR_END Occurs 1 Else on no state go to level 2 While storing...

Страница 140: ...sor s status bus has become stable during the bus cycle 1 Go to the timing analyzer s Trigger menu 2 Define a term called PATTERN to represent the value to be found on the status bus lines 3 Under Timing Sequence Levels enter the following sequence specification TRIGGER on PATTERN 40 ns Triggering After Lines have Finished Transitioning Single Machine Trigger Examples To trigger after all status b...

Страница 141: ... correspond more closely to the problem domain for example to CHIP_SEL 3 Under Timing Sequence Levels enter the following sequence specification TRIGGER on CHIP_SEL Occurs 10 Else on no state go to level 1 You should use your value for n in place of 10 in the specification above Triggering on the 10th Assertion of a Chip Select Line Single Machine Trigger Examples To find the nth assertion of a ch...

Страница 142: ...e asserting transition on the chip select line You can rename the Edge1 term to suit the problem for example to MEM_SEL 3 Under Timing Sequence Levels enter the following sequence specification Find ADDRESS 80 ns TRIGGER on MEM_SEL Occurs 1 Else on ADDRESS go to level 1 Verifying SetupTime for Memory Address Single Machine Trigger Examples To verify that the chip select line is strobed after the a...

Страница 143: ... ACK_TIME 16 00 µs Occurs 1 Else on DATA go to level 1 You will need to start ACK_TIME timer Timer1 upon entering this state You do this using the Timer Control field in the menu for sequence level 2 This sequence specification causes the analyzer to trigger when the data does not occur in 16 µs or less If it does occur within 16 µs the sequence restarts Specifications of this type are useful in f...

Страница 144: ... specification Find POS_EDGE Occurs 1 Else on no state go to level 1 Then find NEG_EDGE Occurs 1 Else on no state go to level 2 You will need to start both timers upon entering this second state You do this using the Timer Control field in the menu for sequence level 2 TRIGGER on MIN_WID 496 ns MAX_WID 1 00 µs Occurs 1 Else on anystate go to level 1 Because both timers start when entering sequence...

Страница 145: ...Triggering when a Pulse Exceeds Minimum or Maximum Limits Single Machine Trigger Examples To test minimum and maximum pulse limits 6 19 ...

Страница 146: ...er transition on the second handshake line You can rename these terms to match your problem for example to REQ and ACK 3 Under Timing Sequence Levels enter the following sequence specification Find REQ Occurs 1 Else on no state go to level 1 TRIGGER on REQ Occurs 1 Else on ACK go to level 1 Triggering on a Handshake Violation Single Machine Trigger Examples To detect a handshake violation 6 20 ...

Страница 147: ...sertion of the bus transfer acknowledge line of one device and Edge2 term to represent assertion of the bus transfer acknowledge line of the other device You can rename these to BTACK1 and BTACK2 3 Under Timing Sequence Levels enter the following sequence specification TRIGGER on BTACK1 BTACK2 Occurs 1 Else on no state go to level 1 Triggering onBus Contention Single Machine Trigger Examples To de...

Страница 148: ...ttern generator The analyzers can be configured as either a state analyzer and timing analyzer or two state analyzers It is not possible to set both to timing You set up cross arming in the Arming Control menu obtained by selecting Arming Control in the Trigger menu When coordinating measurements between two instruments you need to select Count Time to correlate the measurements 6 22 ...

Страница 149: ...iming violation occurs 4 Under Timing Sequence Levels enter the following sequence specification TRIGGER on Edge1 Occurs 1 Else on no state go to level 1 5 Go to the state analyzer s Trigger menu and check that term a is set to don t care In the Arming Control menu set the state analyzer to be run by the timing analyzer Arming the State Analyzer from the Timing Analyzer 6 Under State Sequence Leve...

Страница 150: ... address of the routine 3 Under State Sequence Levels enter the following sequence specification While storing anystate TRIGGER on R_START Occurs 1 Else on no state go to level 1 4 Go to the timing analyzer s Trigger menu 5 Define the Edge1 term to represent a transition on one of the control signals 6 Set the timing analyzer to be run by the state analyzer Under Timing Sequence Levels enter the f...

Страница 151: ...er s Trigger menu 4 Select an Edge term Then assign glitch detection to the channels of interest represented by the Edge term 5 Go to the state analyzer s Trigger menu 6 Set the analyzer to be armed by the timing analyzer Leave the trigger set to trigger on any state If you don t see the activity of interest in the state trace try changing the trigger position using the Acquisition Control field i...

Страница 152: ...p by step operation of the state machines 1 Set up a timing analyzer and a state analyzer 2 Go to the state analyzer s Trigger menu 3 Set the timing analyzer to be run from the state analyzer 4 Set the state analyzer to trigger on the label and term that identify the start of the count down routine 5 Go to the timing analyzer s Trigger Menu 6 Set the timing analyzer to trigger on any state and sto...

Страница 153: ... Set the first analyzer to trigger on the problem condition Some problems may involve complex sequences of conditions See earlier examples in this chapter for more information on defining trigger sequences 6 Go to the Trigger menu of the second analyzer 7 Check that the second analyzer is triggering on arm and that Count Time is set After the measurement is complete you can interleave the trace li...

Страница 154: ...gs are useful when you are using multiple analyzers to look at interaction between two or more processors They are also useful when you need more analysis width than is available in one analyzer Mixed Display mode The Mixed Display mode allows you to show state listings and timing waveforms together on screen State listings are shown at the top of the screen and waveform displays are shown at the ...

Страница 155: ... on to correlate the data 5 Make the measurement run 6 Go to one of the Listing menus 7 Select one of the label fields in the trace list display then select Interleave 8 Select the name of the other analyzer and the label to interleave Interleaved data is displayed in a light shade Trace list line numbers of interleaved data are indented The labels identifying the interleaved data are shown above ...

Страница 156: ...el field from the state listing From the pop up that appears select the desired label to insert 8 To insert timing waveforms double select the label field to the left of the waveform display area From the pop up that appears select insert and then the appropriate label You can also position X and O Time markers on the waveform display Once set the time markers will be displayed in both the listing...

Страница 157: ...Mixed Display using Timing and State in the HP 1661CP Special Displays To view trace lists and waveforms on the same display 6 31 ...

Страница 158: ...6 32 ...

Страница 159: ...7 File Management ...

Страница 160: ...sfy your problem solving needs This chapter shows you how to save the different types of information The examples store files on the flexible disk drive but you can move the same files to your host computer using a network interface The HP 1660CP family of logic analyzers have HP IB and RS 232 C capabilities and an ethernet interface If you need help using the LAN interface see the LAN User s Guid...

Страница 161: ...to and from IBM PC compatible computers as well as transferring data to and from other systems that can read and write MS DOS format You can save configuration files measurement results and even menu and measurement images from the screen This section shows you how to use the flexible disk drive to Save a configuration Load a configuration Save a trace list in ASCII format Save a screen image such...

Страница 162: ...the right of Store You can save the analyzer configuration the system configuration or both 4 Specify a file name into which to save the configuration using the to file field 5 Enter a description for the file using the file description field 6 Select Execute If you want to save your file in a directory other than the root you can select Change Directory from the disk operations field then type th...

Страница 163: ...Saving the System Configuration for Programmatic Control File Management To save a configuration 7 5 ...

Страница 164: ...m and analyzer configurations You can only load configuration files to the area from which the configuration was taken For instance you cannot load an analyzer configuration file to the system Thus if you select System then select a file that contains only an analyzer configuration the configuration will fail The file type field tells you what type of information is in a file Analyzer configuratio...

Страница 165: ...d and specify a file name to which the data will be saved 5 Select ASCII ALL from the Output Format field If the current display contents can not be saved as an ASCII file this option will not be present in the Output Format field 6 Select Flexible Disk from the Output Disk menu then select Execute Part of a Trace Listing Saved as an ASCII File 68332EVS State Listing Label ADDR CPU32 Mnemonic STAT...

Страница 166: ...unless you are using a controller 4 Select the Filename field and specify a file name to save to 5 Select the Output Format field and choose the output format for the graphics file from the pop up menu Choose one of the following formats B W TIF is a black and white TIFF Tagged Image File Format v 5 0 GRAY TIF is a grayscale TIFF file in TIFF version 5 0 format PCX is a grayscale PCX file PCX is t...

Страница 167: ... general however you can install logic analyzer software by following these instructions 1 Turn off the logic analyzer 2 Insert the first disk of the software into the flexible disk drive 3 Turn on the logic analyzer The analyzer will load the software as it powers up 4 To permanently install the software follow the instructions that come with it File Management To load additional software 7 9 ...

Страница 168: ...7 10 ...

Страница 169: ...8 Reference ...

Страница 170: ...el mode Pattern generator memory is 258 048 vectors Measurement data is displayed as data listings and waveforms and can also be plotted on a chart or compared to a reference image Profiled data is displayed as histograms of activity by time state or address range The 100 MHz state analyzer has master master slave and demultiplexed clocking modes available Measurement data can be stamped with stat...

Страница 171: ...on modes with all analyzer models Table 8 1 State Analyzer Configurations Mode HP 1660CP HP 1661CP HP 1662CP HP 1663CP Half channel 100 MHz 8K deep 68 chan 65 data 3 data or clock 8K deep 51 chan 48 data 3 data or clock 8K deep 34 chan 32 data 2 data or clock 8K deep 17 chan 16 data 1 data or clock Full channel 100 MHz 4K deep 136 chan 130 data 6 data or clock 4K deep 102 chan 96 data 6 data or cl...

Страница 172: ...n 65 data 3 data or clock 8K deep 51 chan 48 data 3 data or clock 8K deep 34 chan 32 data 2 data or clock 8K deep 17 chan 16 data 1 data or clock Transitional full channel 125 MHz 4K deep 136 chan 130 data 6 data or clock 4K deep 102 chan 96 data 6 data or clock 4K deep 68 chan 64 data 4 data or clock 4K deep 34 chan 32 data 2 data or clock Glitch half channel 125 MHz 4K deep 68 chan 65 data 3 dat...

Страница 173: ...Probing Options You can connect the logic analyzer to your system under test in one of the following ways Microprocessor and bus specific interfaces optional Standard general purpose probing provided Direct connection to a 20 pin 3M Series type header connector using the optional termination adapter See Also Accessories for HP Logic Analyzers for additional information about the microprocessor int...

Страница 174: ... and demultiplexing circuits needed to capture the system s operation Additional status lines to further decode the operation of the CPU Inverse assembly software to translate logic levels captured by the logic analyzer into microprocessor mnemonics Bus interfaces will support bus analysis for the following Bus support for HP IB RS 232 C RS 449 SCSI VME and VXI General Purpose Probing General purp...

Страница 175: ... them require termination adapters for the timing connectors The optional termination adapter lets you connect the logic analyzer probe cables directly to test ports on your target system without the probes The termination adapter is designed to connect to a 20 position 2x10 4 wall low profile header connector which is a 3M Series 3592 or equivalent Termination Adapter Probing 8 7 ...

Страница 176: ...pF at the probe tip and a shielded resistive transmission line The advantages of this system include the following 250 Ω in series with 8 pF input capacitance at the probe tip for minimal loading Signal ground at the probe tip for high speed timing signals Inexpensive removable probe tip assemblies Probe Tip Assemblies Probe tip assemblies lets you connect the logic analyzer directly to the target...

Страница 177: ...me way you connect the data lines For extra confidence in your measurements grounding every third or fourth probe is recommended When probing signals with rise and fall times of 1 ns or less grounding each probe lead with the 2 inch ground lead is recommended In addition always use the probe ground on a clock probe Probe Leads The probe leads consists of one 12 inch twisted pair cable one ground t...

Страница 178: ... the fault condition must be removed After the fault condition is removed the circuit will reset in one minute Minimum Signal Amplitude Any signal line you intend to probe with the logic analyzer probes must supply a minimum voltage swing of 500 mV to the probe tip If you measure signal lines with a voltage swing of less than 500 mV you may not obtain a reliable measurement Because the minimum inp...

Страница 179: ...pose probing system components are assembled as shown to make a connection between the measured signal line and the pods displayed in the Analyzer Format menu Connecting Probe Cables to the Logic Analyzer Probing Assembling the probing system 8 11 ...

Страница 180: ...yzers Service Guide You can purchase the Service Guide from your HP Sales Office Connecting the Probe Tip Assembly to the Probe Cable To connect a probe tip assembly to a cable align the key on the cable connector with the slot on the probe housing and press them together Connecting Probe Tip Assembly Probe tip assembly Probe cable Key Probing Assembling the probing system 8 12 ...

Страница 181: ...d To disconnect a probe lead insert the tip of a ballpoint pen into the latch opening Push on the latch while gently pulling the probe out of the pod connector as shown in the figure To connect the probes into the pods insert the double pin end of the probe into the probe housing Both the double pin end of the probe and the probe housing are keyed so they will fit together only one way Installing ...

Страница 182: ...e connector at the end of the probe onto the recessed pin located in the side of the grabber If you need to use grabbers for either the pod or the probe grounds connect the grabbers to the ground leads in the same manner Connecting Grabbers to Probes Probing Assembling the probing system 8 14 ...

Страница 183: ...e cursor up Down pointing arrow moves the cursor down Right pointing arrow moves the cursor to the right Left pointing arrow moves the cursor to the left The cursor keys do not wrap This means that pressing the right pointing arrow when the cursor is already at the rightmost point in a menu will have no effect The cursor keys do repeat so holding the key down is the fastest way to continue keyboar...

Страница 184: ...board overlays A keyboard overlay is included in the HP E2427B Keyboard Kit The table below represents the key mappings Key Functions Like Key Functions Like F1 System Key S Select seconds F2 Config Key M Select milliseconds or millivolts F3 Format Key U Select microseconds F4 Trigger Key N Select nanoseconds F5 Listing Key V Select volts F6 Waveform Key B Select any both edge F7 Print All Key R S...

Страница 185: ...t menus that have similar operation These common fields are listed below Mode System Analyzer field Menu field Print field Run field Base field Label field Roll fields Because most of these fields are self explanatory only the fields with less obvious features are described here 8 17 ...

Страница 186: ... available with pop up menus The only way to print a pop up menu to disk is with a controller Print Screen The Print Screen option sends the screen immediately to the specified printer The option does not create a file to do that use Print Disk Print Disk The Print Disk option copies the screen in graphical form or ASCII if available to a file on either drive Possible output formats are ASCII 8 bi...

Страница 187: ...start and end states are specified The screen settings and specified data are printed in ASCII form Run Stop field The Run field starts the analyzer measurement When you select Run the screen switches to the display menu last viewed and displays the acquired data If Stop is selected during a single run the data acquisition is aborted If Stop is selected during a repetitive run the current run cycl...

Страница 188: ...s with the last rollable field activated For example the Listing menu shown below has both the Label Base field and the state location field which are both rollable However the only field affected when turning the knob is the field with the roll indicator Another way to move through data is by using the Page keys The Page keys are independent of the knob rolling function and move through data with...

Страница 189: ...er is turned on Copy Copies files Any file can be copied from one drive to another from one directory to another or to different flexible disks Duplicate Disk Copies one flexible disk to another flexible disk You cannot copy the hard disk to a flexible disk in a single operation All volume labels directories and file positions from one disk are copied exactly to another disk The new disk is format...

Страница 190: ...ct Pack Disk while a DOS disk is in the drive nothing happens Purge Purges deletes the file you indicate Deleted files cannot be recovered Rename Changes the name of the file you select Store Saves system and analyzer measurement setups including data Disk operation safeguards If there is a problem or additional information is needed to execute an operation a pop up appears near the center of the ...

Страница 191: ...riginal information The logic analyzer recognizes a variety of sector sizes for LIF disks However it only creates 1024 byte sectors when formatting a LIF disk DOS disks always have 512 byte sectors The logic analyzer does not support track sparing during formatting If a bad track is found the disk is considered bad If a disk has been formatted elsewhere with track sparing it will be read successfu...

Страница 192: ...nd in two underscores and have a file type of 16 6 7 x_cnfg Analyzer Analyzer configuration files store measurement setups including data If you are storing the current measurement and an inverse assembler is already loaded when you reload the file you are now creating it will try to pull in the inverse assembler Other attributes stored in analyzer configuration files include labels trigger sequen...

Страница 193: ...ither interface gives you remote access for running measurements for uploading and downloading configurations and data and connecting to printers If you purchased the optional Ethernet LAN interface it can also be used for controlling the logic analyzer Printer interface The logic analyzer can output its screen to various HP IB RS 232 C and Centronics graphics printers Configured menus as well as ...

Страница 194: ... logic analyzers is 7 In the System External I O menu select HP IB Settings and then set the Address field to your address The RS 232 C interface The RS 232 C interface is Hewlett Packard s implementation of EIA Recommended Standard RS 232 C Interface Between Data Terminal Equipment and Data Communications Equipment Employing Serial Binary Data Interchange With this interface data is sent one bit ...

Страница 195: ...ed either by the hardware in which case you select None in the RS 232 C Settings pop up or by the software in which case you select Xon Xoff Xon Xoff stands for Transmit On Transmit Off With less than a 5 wire interface selecting None does not allow the sending or receiving device to control how fast the data is being sent increasing the possibility of missing data With a full 5 wire interface sel...

Страница 196: ...the optional LAN interface you will also see a Time Zone field The Time Zone field changes the logic analyzer s apparent file times when viewed over NFS It does not affect the real time clock Set the Time Zone to the same Time Zone used by your LAN This value is usually the same as the difference in hours between your local time and Greenwich Mean Time Update FLASH ROM field The logic analyzer use...

Страница 197: ...ok on the hard drive under the SYSTEM directory If it finds copies of the operating system files on the hard drive those are used instead This could result in incorrect installation of the updated operating system The logic analyzer warns We are about to erase flash ROM memory This is the last point at which you can cancel the operation Any loss of power between the time the analyzer starts to era...

Страница 198: ...f the display to different levels of intensity Select the shade number then select luminosity and adjust it with the knob Default Shades restores all shade intensity levels to the original factory settings System Utilities Shade adjustments 8 30 ...

Страница 199: ...irst will be turned off State When State is selected the analyzer uses a clock from the system under test to clock measurement data into acquisition memory This clock is synchronous to the signals in the target system SPA SPA stands for System Performance Analysis It uses an external clock like a state analyzer but measures overall system performance rather than recording discrete activity For mor...

Страница 200: ...and cover both data and clock channels TTL When TTL is selected as the threshold level the data signals must reach 1 5 volts ECL When ECL is selected as the threshold level the data signals must reach 1 3 volts User When User is selected as the threshold level the data signals must reach a user selectable value The range of this value is between 6 0 volts to 6 0 volts in 50 mV increments The Analy...

Страница 201: ...ate tags are turned on the total memory is evenly split between data acquisition storage and time or state tag storage To maintain the full 4 K per channel depth with state or time tags leave one pod pair unassigned Half Channel 8K Memory 100 MHz Half channel mode cuts the channel width to 17 channels In this mode the pod used within the pod pair is selected through the Pod field In half channel m...

Страница 202: ...ry depth is 4 K per channel with 34 channels per pod pair Data is sampled for new transitions as often as every 8 ns Transitional half channel 250 MHz The total memory depth is 8 K with 17 channels on one pod The pod used within the pod pair is selectable Data is sampled for new transitions as often as every 4 ns Glitch Acquisition Mode A glitch is defined as a pulse with a minimum width of 3 5 ns...

Страница 203: ...and are used only as data channels With the exception of the Range resource all unused clock bits can be used as data channels in the trigger terms Activity indicators above the clock identifier show clock or data signal activity Pod Clocks Pod clock field State only The pod clock field identifies the type of clock arrangement assigned to each pod When the pod clock field is selected a clock arran...

Страница 204: ...lowed by a match of the master clock and the master clock arrangement the slave data is strobed into analyzer memory along with the master data See the figure below If multiple slave clocks occur between master clocks only the data latched by the last slave clock prior to the master clock is strobed into analyzer memory Latching Slave Data Demultiplex The Demultiplex mode is used to store two diff...

Страница 205: ...Then followed by a match of the master clock and the master clock arrangement the slave data is strobed into analyzer memory along with the master data If multiple slave clocks occur between master clocks only the most recently latched data is strobed into analyzer memory Latching Slave Data in Demultiplex Mode Analyzer Memory Slave Latch Data on Master Data on Slave latches on Master Clock latche...

Страница 206: ...ynchronize itself on valid data Clock selections When the Master or Slave Clock field is selected a clock qualifier selection menu appears showing the available clocks and qualifiers for a clocking arrangement Depending on the model there are a maximum of six clocks available J through P and a maximum of four clock qualifiers available Q1 through Q4 Clock Qualifier Selection Menu The Analyzer Form...

Страница 207: ...e For example in a six clock model all combinations of the J K and L clock with Q1 and Q2 qualifiers are ORed to the clock combinations of the M N and P clocks with Q3 and Q4 qualifiers See Also Pod Clock Field found earlier in this chapter for information on selecting clocking arrangement types such as Master Slave or Demultiplex Clock Fields Master Clock field Slave Clock field Pod clock field T...

Страница 208: ... edges of a single clock assigned the choices are from 4 0 ns Setup 0 0 ns Hold to 0 0 ns Setup 4 0 ns Hold If the analyzer has multiple clock edges assigned the choices range from 4 5 ns Setup 0 0 ns Hold to 0 0 ns Setup 4 5 ns Hold The relationship of the clock signal and valid data under the default setup and hold is shown in the upper figure If the relationship of the clock signal and valid da...

Страница 209: ...mation on downloading symbols Label field The Label field identifies the label for which you are specifying symbols When you select this field a selection menu appears that lists all the labels turned on for that analyzer Each label has a separate symbol table so you can give the same name to symbols defined under different labels Symbol Pop up Menu Base field Use the Base field to select the nume...

Страница 210: ... to the boundaries select the fields and enter the pattern You can specify ranges that overlap or are nested within each other Label fields The label fields are the fields with label names along the left side of the display below the field captioned Labels The default label names are Lab1 through Lab126 Selecting the label fields pops up a choice of Turn Label On Turn Label Off and Modify Label Th...

Страница 211: ... the polarity is positive 1 is high and 0 is low When the polarity is negative 1 is low and 0 is high All data as well as bit pattern specific configurations used for identifying triggering or storing data reflect the change of polarity Numbers use the appropriate logical encoding but waveforms and edges are still shown as logic levels either low or high In a timing analyzer with the data inverted...

Страница 212: ...re shown within the macro library list User macros however use only one level almost all the time The only instance where multiple levels are used with the User macro is when the duration is assigned Modify Trigger field The Modify Trigger field allows you to modify the statements of any single sequence level as well as perform other high level actions like global clearing of existing trigger stat...

Страница 213: ... the library of timing trigger macros They are listed in the same order as they appear onscreen User Mode User level custom combinations loops The User level is a user definable level This level offers low level configuration and uses one internal sequence level If the duration is used four levels are required Basic Macros 1 Find anystate n times This macro becomes true when the first state it see...

Страница 214: ...ed edge type is seen It uses three or four internal sequence levels 3 Find pattern occurring too late after edge This macro becomes true when one selected edge type occurs and for a designated period of time after that first edge is seen a pattern is not seen It uses two internal sequence levels Time Violations 1 Find 2 edges too close together This macro becomes true when a second selected edge i...

Страница 215: ...tion and uses one internal sequence level Basic Macros 1 Find anystate n times This macro becomes true when the first state it sees occurs n number of times It uses one internal sequence level 2 Find event n times This macro becomes true when it sees a designated pattern occurring a designated number of times consecutively or nonconsecutively It uses one internal sequence level 3 Find event n cons...

Страница 216: ...ignated pattern 1 is seen followed by at least a selected number of states then followed by a designated pattern 2 It uses two internal sequence levels 4 Find n bit serial pattern This macro finds an n bit serial pattern on a designated channel and a designated label It uses n internal sequence levels Time Violations 1 Find event 2 occurring too soon after event 1 This macro becomes true when a de...

Страница 217: ...pattern edge or range From that point it becomes an iterative process of adding more levels to further filter the data It is important for you to know how to use such elements as occurrence counters timers and branching to zero in and trigger at the desired point As the analyzer executes the trigger specification it searches for a match between the resource term value and the data When a match is ...

Страница 218: ...fter the resource term has been true for less than or equal to the amount of duration specified Using less than requires four sequence levels Using the Occurrence Counters Occurs field When Occurs is selected the and duration functions change to an occurrence counter Use the occurrence counter to delay sequence evaluation until the resource term has occurred a designated number of times If the els...

Страница 219: ...evaluates the Else on secondary branching term If the Else on term is found the secondary branch taken is to the designated sequence level If the Else on term is not found the analyzer continues to loop within the same sequence level until one of the two branches is found If the Else on branch is taken the occurrence counter is reset even if the go to level branch is back to the same level If both...

Страница 220: ...analyzer you can use any of the ten bit pattern terms range terms or timers in your trigger specification When you configure the logic analyzer as a timing analyzer you can use any of these terms plus the edge terms Bit pattern terms a j You can set a bit pattern consisting of any combination of 1s 0s or Xs don t cares for the 10 terms a j Bit pattern terms can also take the NOT form of a j Range ...

Страница 221: ... Assign toggles which machine the term is assigned to All of the available resource terms except the Edge terms can be assigned to any analyzer However a term can only be assigned to one analyzer at a time Rename Rename lets you change the term name This function works for all terms Clear X Clear sets the terms to their broadest possible meaning For terms a j the assignment field is set to all Xs ...

Страница 222: ...single label across a single pod pair with no clock bits allowed Timer terms Timers are either true or false Timers start as you enter the sequence level and when the count expires the it becomes true If a timer is paused in one level it must be continued in another level before it can count through As more sequence levels are added the timer status in the new levels defaults to Off Timers must be...

Страница 223: ...est of that sequence level However if the arm term is not part of the current sequence level the preceding sequencing could trigger the analyzer before the arm term is seen Generally the arm term is evaluated and used the same as the other resource terms within the sequence instruction Arming control using external BNCs A more complex arming example involves passing arm signals in and out through ...

Страница 224: ...roper percent of pre trigger data has been stored A state analyzer will trigger at the first occurrence of the trigger but will notify you that the prestore was not completed After a trigger has been detected the rest of memory is filled before the analyzer halts In a timing analyzer even when the trigger position is set to Start or End there will always be a small portion of pre trigger and post ...

Страница 225: ...positive In the display menus State numbering is either relative to the previous memory location or absolute from the trigger point You can set it in the display menus by toggling the Absolute Relative field Time Count time places time tags on all displayed data Data stored before triggering has negative time numbers and data stored after triggering has positive time numbers Time tag numbering is ...

Страница 226: ... for a stop measurement When a marker is positioned in the Listing menu it is also positioned in the Chart menu and Waveform menu but not in the Mixed Display menu State analyzer markers In a state analyzer with Count Off in the Trigger menu only Pattern markers are available With Count Time turned on Time markers and Statistics markers become available With Count States turned on State markers be...

Страница 227: ...s is true Compare When you select Compare a repetitive run is stopped when a comparison of data in the Listing menu and data and criteria in the Reference listing of the Compare menu matches an equality selection The equality selection is set from the Equal Not Equal selection pop up menu Statistics markers After patterns are assigned to the X and O markers statistical information is available whe...

Страница 228: ... is cleared or displayed along with new data The Accumulate field will toggle On Off When Accumulate is on the analyzer displays the data from a current acquisition on top of the previously acquired data When Accumulate is off the display is cleared before each new run cycle If you leave the Waveform menu or pop up a menu over the waveform display any accumulated display data is lost and the accum...

Страница 229: ...enu to configure the waveform display When the waveform modification menu appears select the operation to insert replace delete or scale waveforms into the display You can display a maximum of 24 waveforms on screen at one time Viewing state values in the bus option When all assigned waveforms in a label are overlaid with the Bus option the value of the data is displayed in the base selected in th...

Страница 230: ...ory Total memory is represented by a horizontal dotted line The display window is represented by an overlaid solid line The markers and trigger point are represented by small dots above the total memory line and an X O and t label all of which are located below the total memory line Waveform Display roll indicator trigger indicator display window indicator The Waveform Menu Waveform display 8 62 ...

Страница 231: ...rom the configured timing analyzer Interleaving state listings Interleaved state listings lets you view two labels and their data from different analyzers in the same column The process of interleaving state listings can be performed in either the Listing menu or the Mixed Display menu For example if data is interleaved in the Listing menu it will be automatically interleaved in the Mixed Display ...

Страница 232: ...reas Markers The markers in the Mixed Display menu are not the same as the markers in the individual Listing and Waveform menus First Mixed Display only has time markers Second markers placed in the individual waveform and listing menus will not transfer to the Mixed Display menu You must place new Time markers on your points of interest in the Mixed Display The Mixed Display Menu Time correlated ...

Страница 233: ...te mode is available that allows the chart display to build up over several runs You can generate x y charts of Label vs Label or Label vs State Label vs Label charts When labels are assigned to both axes the chart shows how the data acquired under one label varies relative to the other for a particular measurement Label values are always plotted in ascending order from the bottom to the top of th...

Страница 234: ...e field If the field is set to Range X and Y range fields become available to set the chart minimum and maximum range points If the field is set to Markers a marker selection menu appears with marker choices available with the present analyzer configuration In a state analyzer with Count Off in the Trigger menu only Pattern markers are available With Count Time on Time markers and Statistics marke...

Страница 235: ...e bits in the compare image are treated as unequal You can separately view the acquired data the reference listing and a listing that highlights the bits in the acquired data that do not match the corresponding bits in the reference listing You can edit the reference listing for unique comparisons You can mask specific bits that you do not want to compare These Don t compare bits can be specified ...

Страница 236: ... from the Reference listing highlighted with inverse video If the base is inverse assembled symbols the entire line is highlighted with inverse video The controls that roll the listing in all three menus the normal State listing the Reference listing and the Difference listing are synchronized unless the number of pre trigger states differ between the Reference listing and the acquired data This m...

Страница 237: ...rical value of one You select which error number to find by highlighting the Find Error field and entering a number from the front panel keypad If the roll indicator is in the Find Error field simply turn the knob The listing is then scanned sequentially until the specified occurrence is found and rolled into view Compare Full Compare Partial field The Compare Full Compare Partial field is a toggl...

Страница 238: ...an asterisk indicates that channel is to be compared Bit Editing field The bit editing fields are located in the center of the Reference listing display A bit editing field exists for every label in the display unless the label s base is ASCII or inverse assembled symbols The bit editing field lets you modify the values of individual bits in the Reference image or specify them as don t compare bit...

Страница 239: ...9 System Performance Analysis SPA Software ...

Страница 240: ...stem Performance Analysis outlines typical SPA applications and describes the operating characteristics for each SPA mode Getting started describes how to access the SPA menus and how to select the SPA modes and set the specifications SPA measurement processes is a detailed description of the measurement processes used by the SPA package This theory of operation explains how the SPA software sampl...

Страница 241: ... the logic analyzers Refer to Troubleshooting Chapter 11 for descriptions of these messages If you need programming information refer to the HP 1660C CS CP Series Logic Analyzers Programmer s Guide available from your HP Sales Office System Performance Analysis SPA Software 9 3 ...

Страница 242: ...verview of system activity Identify software problems that lock up the microprocessor Determine the best case and worst case execution times for a software module or a state machine Establish standards for software modules or state machines Identify inefficient use of mass storage and other peripherals Evaluate memory utilization such as illegal access in protected portions of memory and locality ...

Страница 243: ...am of all states not covered by the user defined ranges You can trace All States or patterned Qualified States Total samples displays the total number of occurrences in all displayed ranges The choice of base for specified label is user definable Time Interval The Time Interval mode displays time intervals between user defined start and end events Start and end events can be defined over all label...

Страница 244: ...ng State Overview State Histogram or Time Interval modes To access one of the three SPA modes select the analyzer menu field after configuring one of the analyzers as SPA and select SPA Once in the SPA menu you can move from State Overview State Histogram or Time Interval Modes by selecting the Trace Mode field as shown in the SPA menu on the next page A pop up menu appears and you can select one ...

Страница 245: ...the qualified states in State Histogram or to specify the Start and End conditions in Time Interval Your ability to use existing State or Timing configurations with SPA depends on your application and target system If your SPA measurement uses the same physical signals from the target system as an existing State or Timing configuration it may be easier to load the state or timing configuration fro...

Страница 246: ... the Time Interval mode and the screen is blank since no data has been acquired in this mode You again press Run and let data accumulate and press Stop In this example two separate data sets are acquired the first for State Overview mode the second for Time Interval You can now move between the modes and see the correct data for the associated measurement This separate acquisition data applies to ...

Страница 247: ...and Time Interval modes use all of the labels in the Format Specification to define either the qualified state or the start and stop events respectively While State Overview and State Histogram deal with recorded states Time Interval deals with time Changing from one label to another in State Overview or State Histogram mode or changing the Start or End pattern in Time Interval erases any configur...

Страница 248: ...tate Overview display is updated The acquisition is repeated until Stop is pressed or until a display variable is changed Y axis scaling The display builds a vertical histogram where the Y axis represents the relative number of occurrences in each of the buckets As successive acquisitions are acquired and sorted the display is constantly re scaled vertically so that the upper limit of the Y axis r...

Страница 249: ... range of the label Low value 0000 High value FFFF with a 16 bit ADDR label activity over the entire address range can be monitored Access into reserved memory is easily identified By selecting only the range of the reserved area of memory with the Low and High values the number of address values per bucket is decreased and a more detailed analysis can be performed The figure below shows a State O...

Страница 250: ...milar to State Overview but there are key differences between the two modes State Overview shows relative distribution of activity over a single contiguous range of a label State Histogram also allows several non contiguous ranges of a label to be defined State Overview requires minimal setup and provides a quick overview of system activity State Histogram requires more setup but provides greater ...

Страница 251: ...ative size of the histograms These values are updated as the repeated acquisitions are sorted and displayed Other States included excluded Usually the defined ranges will not cover the entire range of the specified label The Other States included excluded field provides an optional histogram showing all activity on the specified label that does not fall within any of the defined ranges By selectin...

Страница 252: ...ed in Other States Example State Histogram example A computer system has several I O devices such as a data terminal disk drive tape drive and printer Each device has its own service routines stored in memory The problem is that one or more of the devices is tying up the CPU The address bus of the system is monitored using State Histogram to define the memory blocks where the service routines are ...

Страница 253: ... a common boundary the upper limit of one equals the lower limit of the next and a sampled time interval falls on the common boundary the sample will be sorted into the higher time interval Start End conditions Start and end conditions for Time Interval are specified on all labels defined in the Format Specification as a combination of values in the current base and don t cares If a start or end c...

Страница 254: ...m time and Maximum time to zero and performing a linear scale The smallest increment allowable using Auto scale is 10 ns If the time interval defined by the minimum and maximum times is too small to scale 8 ranges Auto range will scale as many as possible and exclude some upper time interval ranges The maximum resolution of each time interval is 10 ns Min Max and Avg Time Statistics The Time Inter...

Страница 255: ...s execution time with their logic analyzer in the Time Interval mode Using Auto range they can quickly vary the time interval ranges for either greater time coverage or greater time resolution If the programmers wanted to see the details of the time intervals they could set up a state analyzer measurement not using SPA and capture the activity between the start and stop events The details could th...

Страница 256: ...ovides preprocessors inverse assemblers and standard configurations for popular microprocessors and you need not enter the configuration manually or worry about probing issues In the State Overview mode you select the ADDR label and start the acquisition to monitor the entire memory space After several acquisitions five areas of relatively high activity begin to build on the histogram Using the X ...

Страница 257: ...ximum Max Minimum Min and Average Avg times From these values the typical execution times of the interrupt are apparent and provide good starting values for the Time Interval ranges using Auto range From the Max time it is apparent that the interrupt routine is having problems Running the acquisition again you discover that the interrupt usually takes the expected 8 microseconds but occasionally i...

Страница 258: ...SPA Time Interval System Performance Analysis SPA Software SPA measurement processes 9 20 ...

Страница 259: ...e Interval mode measurement processes refer to the previous section SPA measurement processes Using State Overview mode Choosing a label to monitor To specify a label to monitor select the Label field in the State Overview menu item 1 in the figure on the next page The pop up shows a list of all the labels defined in the Format Specification From this list choose the label you want to monitor Chan...

Страница 260: ...at the range is 1100 1100 divided by 256 is 4 29 This will be rounded up to 5 and each bucket will have a range of 5 Because 1100 divided by 5 is 220 the histogram frame will be truncated at the right because the X axis will have only 220 of the 256 buckets The default high and low values represent the full range of the label you chose Before changing these values you may want to run the acquisiti...

Страница 261: ...d range of the label This is not affected by the low and high values Using the markers To find the number of data samples in any bucket select the X marker or O marker field item 6 in the figure on the previous page Turn the knob to move the marker to the area of interest Read the X Mark count or O Mark count values to determine the number of samples in the current bucket item 7 in the figure on t...

Страница 262: ...nge to a different label but do not want to lose the setup for the current one save the current one to a disk Defining the ranges To define a range on the specified label select one of the 11 range fields item 2 in the figure below When you select one of the 11 ranges you will see the Range Definition pop up item 3 in the figure below This pop up has fields where you enter the low and high value a...

Страница 263: ...low This creates a new field at the top of the display called Specify States Select Specify States item 2 in the figure below and you will see a pop up that contains a pattern field for every label defined in the Format Specification Use the pattern fields to define the data qualification For example in the State Histogram you may want to monitor the address bus of a microprocessor system to exami...

Страница 264: ... the relative distribution of activity over the ranges you have defined In most cases the ranges will not cover the full range of the label you chose to monitor To view the activity over the entire range of the label including activity not covered by the ranges select the Other States field and change it to included item 3 in the figure on the previous page Another histogram bar called other will ...

Страница 265: ...you are timing a counter period start and end might be the initial and final count values Note that in start and end you are not limited to a single label You define the event over all available labels as patterns including don t cares Be sure that the start and end conditions actually occur in the target system or the analyzer will not find the timing reference points and will not make the time i...

Страница 266: ...dingly between the Minimum and Maximum times See item 3 in the figure on the previous page for the Auto range pop up Common boundaries of adjacent ranges are not considered overlapped Values that fall on the common boundary will be included in the highest range A fast way to set up the Time Interval display is to define your Start and End events and select Run using the default ranges Select Repet...

Страница 267: ...ive you useful statistics for the event you defined no matter what ranges you ve set up item 1 in the figure below SPA Time Interval Menu with Statistics Called Out The Total samples field shows the number of Start End event pairs found by the analyzer whether they are covered by the ranges or not item 2 in the figure above 2 1 System Performance Analysis SPA Software Using State Overview State Hi...

Страница 268: ...ming analyzer mode As a result switching between SPA and state or timing recovers the user s original pattern recognizers for the selected mode Any Symbols in the Format Specification will also carry over to SPA Using SPA in Group Runs In the HP 16500A Logic Analysis System you can define an intermodule sequence using various combinations of modules and run it singly or repetitively Similarly the ...

Страница 269: ...10 Concepts ...

Страница 270: ...ob will help you use it more effectively and minimize measurement problems This chapter explains the structure of the file system the details of transitional timing mode the general operation of the trigger sequence and the details of the hardware 10 2 ...

Страница 271: ... you can examine are the hard disk drive and the flexible disk drive The hard disk drive contains the SYSTEM directory with the X Window fonts and some example files and also whatever other files and directories you have created on it The flexible disk drive directory contains whatever files are on the disk in the disk drive See Also The LAN User s Guide for more information on the LAN accessible ...

Страница 272: ... searches for autoload files and software options it first looks in the flexible disk drive If the flexible disk drive contains an autoload file and two software options the analyzer does not check the hard disk drive If some of these were not found the analyzer next checks the hard drive s SYSTEM directory You can manually copy files such as performance verification files to the SYSTEM directory ...

Страница 273: ... file is an analyzer configuration These files are created by executing Store Analyzer or Store All in the System Disk menu 16 6 7 x_cnfg indicates the file is a system configuration These files are created by executing Store System or Store All in the System Disk menu DOS indicates the file is in DOS format It might be a screenshot or a file created on a PC and copied to the disk These files are ...

Страница 274: ...nd autoload files Check the file type field to be sure what type of file you are selecting _A This ending is appended to analyzer configuration files created with the Store operation from the System Disk menu _B This ending is appended to pattern generator configuration files created with the Store operation from the System Disk menu _ _ This ending is appended to system configuration files create...

Страница 275: ...f the sequencer and that the analyzer uses an internal clock With 4 K of memory per channel and Count Time selected the analyzer uses half its memory 2 K to store time tags Because each pod pair must store transitions at its own rate each pod pair must store its own set of time tags This is why you do not have the option of using a free pod to retain full memory as you have in the normal state mod...

Страница 276: ...ract the starting point sample yielding a maximum of 2047 stored transitions In most cases a transitional timing trace is stored by a mixture of the minimum and maximum cases Therefore the actual number of transitions stored will be between 1023 and 2047 250 MHz Transitional mode Transitional timing running at 250 MHz is the same as the 125 MHz mode except that two single pod data samples 17 bits ...

Страница 277: ...pares the transition to time tags 2 101 101 or 4 000 000 it sees a difference and detects them as transitions For this first set of time tags the transition detector sees more transitions than are really there This causes the analyzer to store 6 samples per transition three 34 bit sample pairs instead of just two as in the 125 MHz mode If all of the transitions will be stored in this way throughou...

Страница 278: ...ion and is different from time tag 2 111 011 which also contains a transition The difference between the sample pairs of time tag 1 and time tag 2 will trigger the transition detector If this were to continue throughout the trace the analyzer would store a single sample for the entire 4 K of memory or 4096 samples Again subtract one for the initial sample which is not a transition for a final tota...

Страница 279: ...od pair will more than likely increase data storage time Separating data lines which contain frequent transitions from lines with less frequent transitions also helps When doing this be sure to cross pod pair boundaries It does not help to move fast lines from pod 1 to pod 2 fast lines must be moved to pod 3 a different pod pair In the 250 MHz mode a transition on any one of 17 bits half channel e...

Страница 280: ...rigger sequence acts as a filtering mechanism with a minimum of two steps and a maximum of twelve steps in the state analyzer and ten steps in the timing analyzer Some trigger macros may use more than one step The steps are the sequence level specifications The analyzer searches for a trigger sequence by matching input values on the pods to branch conditions which control transitions between seque...

Страница 281: ...on Trigger on specification State Analyzer Sequence with Four States Sequence advance specification The sequence advance branch sometimes called the if branch or primary branch always branches to the next level You can specify the following kinds of sequence advance specifications Find or Then find TERM OCCURS time S Find or Then find TERM TIME PERIOD If the TERM is found OCCURS number of times or...

Страница 282: ...or TERM Note that if you specify no state the analyzer still stores sequence advance terms and TRIGGER terms unless you also set Branches Taken Not Stored in Acquisition Control in the Analyzer Trigger menu Trigger on specification If there are branch and storage specifications for each sequence level what does the trigger term mean The trigger term is a special sequence advance specification in t...

Страница 283: ...ranges of values to be found on labeled sets of bits For example you could have a range of addresses to be found on the address bus or a range of data values to be found on the data bus Range terms are satisfied by any value within the range for In_Range and any value outside the range for Out_Range 2 edge terms timing analyzer only The edge terms Edge1 and Edge2 represent edges The edge terms can...

Страница 284: ... logic analyzer Remember that some resources may not be available depending on the analyzer configuration For example if you are using the analyzer as a state analyzer the Edge1 and Edge2 resources are not available and only one analyzer may use a resource at a time Table 9 1 Resource Combination Hierarchy Group Pair Resource Operation Resource Pair Links Group Link Group 1 Pair 1 Off On Negate a ...

Страница 285: ...Terms The following combination is not valid because pairs cross group boundaries a b h In_Range2 j xor Timer2 400 ns Note that although the analyzer interface will not let you enter invalid combinations you need to be aware of what combinations are legal so that you can make the desired measurement Another limitation is that the analyzer cannot handle ranging for input pods that are assigned to d...

Страница 286: ... resources Edge1 and Edge2 Edge1 and Edge2 recognize occurrences of a glitch rising edge falling edge either edge or no edge on a bit or ORed set of bits State analyzer When you configure a state analyzer the trigger sequence follows the general outlines given previously The trigger sequence of the state analyzer differs from the timing analyzer in the following ways There are 12 levels available ...

Страница 287: ...iguration into a model that supports configuration translation and was released after the original analyzer the translator will adjust the configuration as required to account for differences between the models The configuration translator needs to account for many aspects of the analyzer architecture Some of the considerations are as follows When a range term is split across multiple pods the ter...

Страница 288: ...entify which analyzer pods must be swapped If you are using an HP preprocessor the Preprocessor User s Guide may contain information showing the cable connections for different analyzer models Review all trace format and trigger menu settings to verify that they will meet your measurement requirements You should check label assignments channel masks pattern and range definitions sequencer setup an...

Страница 289: ...n in this section is to help you understand how the logic analyzer operates and what the self tests are testing This information is not intended for component level repair The block level theory is divided into two parts theory for the logic analyzer and theory for the acquisition boards A block diagram is shown with each theory 10 21 ...

Страница 290: ...HP 1660CP series analyzer theory HP 1660CP Series Logic Analyzer The Analyzer Hardware HP 1660CP series analyzer theory 10 22 ...

Страница 291: ...tem on Flash ROM Then if the operating system is in Flash ROM the instrument will be initialized with the default configuration and await front panel instructions from you If the operating system is not in Flash ROM the CPU accesses the disk drives to see if the operating system is on the disks The DRAM stores the instrument configuration acquired data to be processed and any inverse assembler loa...

Страница 292: ...me time the controller also receives serial data and converts the data to parallel data characters for the microprocessor The controller contains a baud rate generator that can be programmed from the logic analyzer front panel Other RS 232 C communications parameters can also be programmed from the logic analyzer front panel The drivers receivers interface the instrument with data communications e...

Страница 293: ... consists of two 17 channel pods which are connected to the circuit board using a high density connector Sixteen single ended data channels and one single ended clock data channel per pod are passed to the circuit board If the clock data channel is not used as a state clock in state The Analyzer Hardware Logic acquisition board theory 10 25 ...

Страница 294: ...inations also improve signal integrity to the comparators by matching the impedance of the probe cable channels with the impedance of the signal paths of the circuit board All 17 channels of each pod are terminated in the same way The signals are reduced by a factor of 10 Comparators Two proprietary 9 channel comparators per pod interpret the incoming data and clock signals as either high or low d...

Страница 295: ...mp drivers make up the threshold circuit Each of the eight channels of the DAC is individually programmable which allows you to set the thresholds of the individual pods The 16 data channels and the clock channel of each pod are all set to the same threshold voltage Test and clock synchronization circuit ECLinPS ICs are used in the test and clock synchronization circuit for reliability and low cha...

Страница 296: ...ing until you instruct the module to stop RAM Consisting of five 256Kx16 VRAM ICs and RAM addressing circuitry the RAM stores the desired patterns that appear at the module output The RAM addressing circuitry is merely a counter which addresses the pattern locations in RAM When the end of the vector listing is reached the addressing circuitry is loaded from the loop register with the address of th...

Страница 297: ...tiplexer The output of the multiplexer which represents the user selected clocking rate is distributed to the above listed subcircuits The output of the clock select multiplexer is also distributed to an external clock out circuit The clock signal is routed to a bank of external clock delays and then to an external clock delay select multiplexer The output of this multiplexer which represents the ...

Страница 298: ...zer actually displays the power up self test screen Both the system ROM and RAM are tested during power up The interrupt test is performed after the power up self test screen is displayed The functional performance verification self tests are run using a separate operating system the performance verification PV operating system The PV operating system resides on a separate disk that must be loaded...

Страница 299: ...11 Troubleshooting ...

Страница 300: ...ppear on the logic analyzer are listed below in quotes Symptoms are listed without quotes If you still have difficulty using the analyzer after trying the suggestions in this chapter please contact your local Hewlett Packard Service Center C AU TI O N When you are working with the analyzer be sure to power down both the analyzer and the target system before disconnecting or connecting cables probe...

Страница 301: ...tegrity of the data lines Clock signals for the state analyzer must meet particular pulse shape and timing requirements Data inputs for the analyzer must meet pulse shape and setup and hold time requirements See Also See Capacitive loading in this section for information on other sources of intermittent data errors Unwanted triggers Unwanted triggers can be caused by instructions that were fetched...

Страница 302: ...pacitive loading as can custom probe fixtures you design for your application To reduce loading remove as many pin protectors extenders and adapters as possible Careful layout of your target system can minimize loading problems and result in better margins for your design This is especially important for systems that are running at frequencies greater than 50 MHz No trace list display If there is ...

Страница 303: ...equence for the preprocessor and target system 1 Power up the analyzer and preprocessor 2 Power up the target system If you power up the target system before you power up the preprocessor interface circuitry in the preprocessor may latch up preventing proper target system operation Verify that the microprocessor and the preprocessor interface are properly rotated and aligned so that the index pin ...

Страница 304: ...zer cables from the preprocessor and measure across pins 1 and 2 or pins 39 and 40 If 5 V is not present check the internal preprocessor fuse or current limiting circuit on the logic analyzer For information on checking this fuse or circuit refer to the HP 1660C CS CP Logic Analyzers Service Guide If 5 V is present and the cable connection to the preprocessor appears sound contact your nearest Hew...

Страница 305: ...arget system meets the timing requirements of the processor with the preprocessor probe installed See Capacitive loading in this chapter While preprocessor loading is slight pin protectors extenders and adapters may increase it to unacceptable levels If the target system design has poor timing margins such loading may cause incorrect processor functioning giving erratic trace results Ensure that y...

Страница 306: ...he top of the display not at the input cursor and pressing the Invasm key Because the inverse assembler works from the first line of the trace display if you jump to the middle of a trace and select Invasm prior trace states are not disassembled correctly If you move to several random places in the trace list and select Invasm each time the trace disassembly is only guaranteed to be correct from t...

Страница 307: ...ill get inverse assembly but it may be incorrect since some of the execution trace was not visible to the logic analyzer Verify that storage qualification has not excluded storage of all the needed opcodes and operands Inverse assembler will not load or run You need to ensure that you have the correct system software loaded on your analyzer Ensure that the inverse assembler is on the same disk as ...

Страница 308: ...ration File Loaded This is usually caused by trying to load a configuration file for one type of module or the system into a different type of module Verify that the appropriate module has been selected as the target of the Load operation Selecting Load All will cause incorrect operation when loading most preprocessor interface configuration files See Also To Load a Measurement Configuration in ch...

Страница 309: ...e proper connectors See the User s Guide for your preprocessor interface to determine the proper connections Waiting for Trigger If a trigger pattern is specified this message indicates that the specified trigger pattern has not occurred Verify that the triggering pattern is correctly set When analyzing microprocessors that fetch only from long word aligned addresses if the trigger condition is se...

Страница 310: ...on of data is not possible To time correlate data the data must be stored with time tags Set the Count field in the Analyzer Trigger menu to Time Maximum of 32 channels per label You have tried to assign more than 32 channels to a single label Unassign some of the channels If you need more than 32 channels to specify trigger conditions you can AND terms in the Analyzer Trigger menu Error Messages ...

Страница 311: ...off Timer is specified in sequence but never started This message often appears with Timer is off in sequence level n where it is used but is not quite the same That message refers to a particular sequence level but this message is a general warning that the timer has not been set to Start in any level Start the timer in one of the levels before where it is used Inverse assembler not loaded bad ob...

Страница 312: ...erator s Service or the HP 1660C CS CP Series Logic Analyzers Service Guide for information on running the Performance Verification test Warning Run HALTED due to variable change This message appears when certain analyzer settings are changed during a repetitive run When this occurs the analyzer stops Error Messages Measurement Initialization Error 11 14 ...

Страница 313: ...12 Specifications ...

Страница 314: ... accessories you receive have different part numbers Accessories supplied HP part number Qty Probe tip assemblies 01650 61608 Note 1 Probe cables 01660 61605 Note 2 Grabbers 20 per pack 5090 4356 Note 1 Probe ground 5 per pack 5959 9334 Note 1 Logic Analyzer Training Kit E2433 60009 1 HP 1660CP User s Guide 01660 99016 1 Symbol Utility disk and manual E2450A 1 Accessories pouch 01660 84501 1 RS 23...

Страница 315: ...ster clock time 10 0 ns Minimum glitch width 3 5 ns Threshold accuracy 100 mV 3 of threshold setting Setup Hold Time Single clock single edge 0 0 3 5 ns through 3 5 0 0 ns adjustable in 500 ps increments Single clock multiple edges 0 0 4 0 ns through 4 0 0 0 ns adjustable in 500 ps increments Multiple clocks multiple edges 0 0 4 5 ns through 4 5 0 0 ns adjustable in 500 ps increments Specified for...

Страница 316: ...te 125 MHz 250 MHz Maximum timing with glitch rate N A 125 MHz Memory depth 4K 8K Channel count HP 1660CP 136 68 HP 1661CP 102 51 HP 1662CP 68 34 HP 1663CP 34 17 For all modes except glitch Characteristics pattern generator These characteristics are not specifications but are included as additional information Full Channel Half Channel Channel count 32 16 Maximum speed 100 MHz 200 MHz Memory depth...

Страница 317: ...z External duty cycle 2 ns minimum high time Maximum number of IF condition blocks at 50 MHz 1 Maximum number for different Macros 100 Maximum number of lines in a Macro 1024 Maximum number of Macro invocations 1000 Maximum number of repeat loop invocations 1000 Maximum number of Wait event patterns 4 Supplemental characteristics logic analyzer Probes Input resistance 100 kΩ 2 Input capacitance 8 ...

Страница 318: ...Maximum occurrence counter value 1 048 575 Pattern recognizers 10 Maximum pattern width 136 channels in HP 1660CP 102 channels in HP 1661CP 68 channels in HP 1662CP 34 channels in HP 1663CP Range recognizers 2 Range width 32 bits each Timers 2 Timer value range 400 ns to 500 seconds Glitch Edge recognizers 2 timing only Maximum glitch edge width 136 channels in HP 1660CP 102 channels in HP 1661CP ...

Страница 319: ...an or greater than a specified value or within or not within a specified range Indicators Activity indicators Provided in the Configuration and Format menus for identifying high low or changing states on the inputs Markers Two markers X and O are shown as vertical dashed lines on the display Trigger Displayed as a vertical dashed line in the Timing Waveform display and as line 0 in the State Listi...

Страница 320: ...locate the nth occurrence of a specified pattern from trigger or from the beginning of data The O marker can also find the nth occurrence of a pattern from the X marker Statistics X and O marker statistics are calculated for repetitive acquisitions Patterns must be specified for both markers and statistics are kept only when both patterns can be found in an acquisition Statistics are minimum X to ...

Страница 321: ... minutes per axis 0 3 g rms Non operating Random vibration 5 to 500 Hz 10 minutes per axis 2 41 g rms and swept sine resonant search 5 to 500 Hz 0 75 g 0 peak 5 minute resonant dwell at 4 resonances per axis Dimensions Specifications Supplemental characteristics logic analyzer 12 9 ...

Страница 322: ...12 10 ...

Страница 323: ...13 Operator s Service ...

Страница 324: ...or use and contains self tests and flow charts used for troubleshooting the logic analyzer The HP 1660C CS CP Series Logic Analyzers Service Guide contains detailed service procedures Service guides can be ordered through your HP Sales Office they are not shipped with the logic analyzer 13 2 ...

Страница 325: ...or malfunction Provide protection against internal condensation The logic analyzer will operate at all specifications within the temperature and humidity range given in chapter 12 However reliability is enhanced when operating the logic analyzer within the following ranges Temperature 20 C to 35 C 68 F to 95 F Humidity 20 to 80 noncondensing Storage Store or ship the logic analyzer in environments...

Страница 326: ...wlett Packard Sales Office Arrangements for repair or replacement are made at Hewlett Packard s option without waiting for a claim settlement To apply power 1 Check that the line voltage selector located on the rear panel is on the correct setting and the correct fuse is installed See also To set the line voltage on the next page 2 Connect the power cord to the instrument and to the power source T...

Страница 327: ... when performing any service to the logic analyzer 1 Turn the power off then remove the power cord from the analzyer 2 Remove the fuse module by carefully prying at the top center of the fuse module until you can grasp it and pull it out by hand 3 Re insert the fuse module with the arrow for the appropriate line voltage aligned with the arrow on the line filter assembly switch 4 Reconnect the powe...

Страница 328: ...lean the front and cabinet of the logic analyzer Harsh soap might damage the water base paint Do not immerse the logic analyzer in water To test the logic analyzer If you require a test to verify the specifications the HP 1660C CS CP Series Logic Analyzers Service Guide is required If you require a test to initially accept the operation perform the self tests described in Troubleshooting in this c...

Страница 329: ...tructions and tests If you suspect a problem start at the top of the first flowchart During the troubleshooting instructions the flowcharts will direct you to perform other tests This instrument can be returned to Hewlett Packard for all service work including troubleshooting Contact your nearest Hewlett Packard Sales Office for more details 13 7 ...

Страница 330: ...gic analyzer The flowcharts refer to other tests to help isolate the trouble The circled letters on the charts indicate connections with the other flowcharts Start your troubleshooting at the top of the first flowchart Troubleshooting Flowchart 1 Troubleshooting To use the flowcharts 13 8 ...

Страница 331: ...Troubleshooting Flowchart 2 Troubleshooting To use the flowcharts 13 9 ...

Страница 332: ... into the flexible disk drive 2 Let the analzyer warm up for a few minutes then cycle power by turning off then turning on the power switch If the analyzer is not warmed up the power up test screen will complete before you can view the screen 3 As the tests complete check if they pass or fail The Flexible Disk Test reports No Disk if a disk is not in the disk drive Performing Power Up Self Tests p...

Страница 333: ...YSTEM subdirectory on the hard disk drive If they have not already been copied insert the PV disk in the flexible disk drive before starting this procedure 1 If you just did the power up self tests go to step 2 If you did not just do the power up self tests disconnect all inputs then turn on the power switch Wait until the power up tests are complete 2 Press the System key then select the field ne...

Страница 334: ...he system tests 5 Select ROM Test The ROM Test screen is displayed You can run all tests at one time by running All System Tests To see more details about each test you can run each test individually This example shows how to run an individual test Troubleshooting To run the self tests 13 12 ...

Страница 335: ...en select Single To run a test continuously select Repetitive Select Stop to halt a repetitive test For a Single run the test runs one time and the screen shows the results Troubleshooting To run the self tests 13 13 ...

Страница 336: ...g key on the screen will change from a light to a dark color b Test the knob by turning it in both directions c Note any failures then press the Done key a second time to exit the Front Panel Test The test screen shows the Front Panel Test status changed to TESTED 10 Select the Display Test A white grid pattern is displayed These display screens can be used to adjust the display a Select Continue ...

Страница 337: ...ividually This example shows how to run Chip 2 Tests Chip 3 4 and 5 Tests operate the same as Chip 2 Tests 12 In the Chip 2 Tests menu select Run then select Single The test runs one time then the screen shows the results When the test is finished select Done Then perform the other Chip Tests To run a test continuously select Repetitive Select Stop to halt a Run Repetitive Troubleshooting To run t...

Страница 338: ...ld show activity Select Done to exit the Data Input Inspection 15 To exit the tests press the System key Select the field to the right of the Sys PV field 16 Select the Exit Test System If you are performing the self tests as part of the troubleshooting flowchart return to the flowchart Troubleshooting To run the self tests 13 16 ...

Страница 339: ...short is removed the circuit will reset in approximately 1 minute There should be 5 V after the 1 minute reset time Equipment Required Equipment Critical Specifications Recommended Model Part Digital Multimeter 0 1 mV resolution better than 0 005 accuracy HP 3478A Using the multimeter verify the 5 V on pins 1 and 39 of the probe cables Troubleshooting To test the auxiliary power 13 17 ...

Страница 340: ...13 18 ...

Страница 341: ...itch is two or more transitions across the logic threshold between consecutive samples label A name for a group of func tionally related channels Three common labels which are required by HP preprocessor interface inverse assemblers are ADDR DATA and STAT If a label is on it appears in all display menus and the Trigger menu letting you quickly display store or trigger on information of in terest S...

Страница 342: ...the CYCLE la bel includes the symbols I O READ and I O WRITE term a could be I O READ and term b could be I O WRITE and the trigger storage macro could be to start storing at term a and stop storing at term b trace The record of target system activity stored by the state or timing analyzer This record can be dis played as either a waveform or a listing See also listing and wave form trigger A refe...

Страница 343: ...he Symbols op tion in the Format menu This is the standard symbol capability of the HP logic analyzer See also OMF Symbol Table waveform An oscilloscope like dis play of a trace Because analyzers only record whether a line is low or high at the time of sampling the waveforms are sharp square waves rather than the rough curves of an oscilloscope See also listing and trace Glossary Glossary 3 ...

Страница 344: ...Glossary 4 ...

Страница 345: ...label 8 65 label vs state 8 65 Chip select lines 6 27 Choosing a label to monitor 9 21 Cleaning 13 6 clock frequency format menu 5 24 Clock inputs display 8 35 clock out delay format menu 5 25 clock period format menu 5 24 Clock qualifiers 8 39 clock source format menu 5 23 Clocks 1 6 as data channels 8 35 demultiplexed clocking arrangement 8 36 master clocking arrangement 8 36 selecting master an...

Страница 346: ...13 8 to 13 9 Format disk 8 21 8 23 sector size 8 23 Format Menu 8 32 to 8 43 clock inputs display 8 35 label polarity fields 8 43 master and slave clock field 8 38 to 8 40 pod clock field 8 35 to 8 37 pod threshold field 8 32 setup hold field 8 40 state acquisition mode field 8 33 symbol field 8 41 timing acquisition mode field 8 34 Format menu reference 5 23 to 5 25 Function entry triggering 6 10...

Страница 347: ...imum probe input voltage 8 10 Maximum states 10 12 Measurement configurations loading 7 6 saving 7 4 Memory maximizing 4 14 8 3 to 8 4 8 42 8 57 10 11 Menus accessing 3 4 to 3 5 accessing SPA 9 6 how named 3 3 saving as images 7 8 merge sequence menu 5 29 Min and Max Scaling Fields 8 66 Min Max and Avg Time Statistics 9 16 Minimum states 10 12 Mixed Display 4 10 6 28 8 63 to 8 64 interleaving stat...

Страница 348: ...ange specifiers 9 12 Range terms 10 15 Real Time Clock Adjustment 8 28 Recursive call triggering 6 8 Reference Listing field 8 68 Registers verifying correct storage 6 13 Rename 8 22 Repeat Loop instruction 5 31 Repetitive measurements automating 1 7 7 4 Resource terms 8 52 to 8 54 assigning combinations 8 54 assigning custom names 8 53 assigning edges 8 54 assigning timers 8 54 bit patterns 8 52 ...

Страница 349: ... 4 11 8 3 8 57 Statistics Markers valid 8 59 listing menu 8 59 Status 3 19 Status signals 6 24 step sequence menu 5 28 Stop bits defined 8 27 Stop Measurement field 8 58 compare 8 59 x o 8 59 Storage qualification 4 15 8 50 Store 8 22 store configurations 5 20 Storing configuration files 7 2 See also Saving Storing Branches 8 56 Subroutines storing and timing 6 4 triggering on execution 6 4 verify...

Страница 350: ...ory use 4 14 positioning in memory 4 16 6 25 sequence levels 8 44 shown in display 3 13 store qualification 4 15 terms 4 4 Trigger Position field 8 56 Trigger sequencer 10 2 10 12 Trigger term 10 14 Trigger Menu count field 8 57 Triggering after lines finish transitioning 6 14 between analyzers 8 55 menus 6 2 on a handshake violation 6 20 on a loop that runs too long 6 12 on a timing violation 6 2...

Страница 351: ...t use repaired fuses or short circuited fuseholders To do so could cause a shock or fire hazard Service instructions are for trained service personnel To avoid dangerous electric shock do not perform any service unless qualified to do so Do not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person capable of rendering first aid and resuscitation is present If you energize this instrument by...

Страница 352: ...exclusive remedies Hewlett Packard shall not be liable for any direct indirect special incidental or consequential damages whether based on contract tort or any other legal theory Assistance Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for Hewlett Packard products For any assistance contact your nearest Hewlett Packard Sales Office Certification Hewlett Pac...

Страница 353: ... EN 60555 2 1987 IEC 555 3 1982 A1 1990 EN 60555 3 1987 A1 1991 IEC 801 2 1991 EN 50082 1 1992 4 kV CD 8 kV AD IEC 801 3 1984 EN 50082 1 1992 3 V m 1kHz 80 AM 27 1000 MHz IEC 801 4 1988 EN 50082 1 1992 0 5 kV Sig Lines 1 kV Power Lines Supplementary Information The product herewith complies with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC and the EMC Directive 89 336 EEC and carries th...

Страница 354: ...CISPR 11 ISM Group 1 Class A equipment IEC 555 2 and IEC 555 3 Immunity EN50082 1 Code1 Notes2 IEC 801 2 ESD 8kV AD IEC 801 3 Rad 3V m IEC 801 4 EFT 1kV 1 1 1 1 Performance Codes 1 PASS Normal operation no effect 2 PASS Temporary degradation self recoverable 3 PASS Temporary degradation operator intervention required 4 FAIL Not recoverable component damage 2 Notes none Sound Pressure Level Less th...

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