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Appendix A: Glossary

The following table lists InfiniBand-related acronyms and abbreviations used in this document.

Table 1. Acronyms and abbreviations

Acronym or abbreviation

Description

API

Application Programming Interface: software routine or object written in support of a language

DDR

Double Data Rate: for InfiniBand, clock rate of 5.0 Gbps (2.5 Gbps x 2)

GbE

Gigabit Ethernet: Ethernet network operating at 1 Gbps or greater

HCA

Host Channel Adapter: hardware interface connecting a server node to the IB network

HPC

High Performance Computing: the use of computer and/or storage clusters

InfiniBand: interconnect technology for distributed computing/storage infrastructure

Internet Protocol: standard of data communication over a packet-switched network

IPoIP

Internet Protocol over InfiniBand: protocol allowing the use of TCP/IP over IB networks

iSER

iSCSI Enhanced RDMA: file storage protocol

iWARP

Internet Wide Area RDMA Protocol: protocol enhancement allowing RDMA over TCP

MPI

Message Passing Interface: library of calls used by applications in parallel compute systems

NFS

Network File System: file storage protocol

NHP

Non Hot Pluggable (drive)

QDR

Quad Data Rate: for InfiniBand, clock rate of 10 Gbps (2.5 Gbps x 4)

QSFP

Quad Small Form factor Pluggable: interconnect connector type

RDMA

Remote Direct Memory Access: protocol allowing data movement in and out of system memory
without CPU intervention

RDS

Reliable Datagram Sockets: transport protocol

SATA

Serial ATA (hard drive)

SAS

Serial Attached SCSI (hard drive)

SDP

Sockets Direct Protocol: kernel-level RDMA-based protocol

SDR

Single Data Rate: for InfiniBand, standard clock rate of 2.5 Gbps

Subnet Manager: management software for InfiniBand network

SRP

SCSI RDMA Protocol: data movement protocol

TCA

Target Channel Adapter: hardware interface connecting a storage or I/O node to the IB
network

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol: core high-level protocol for packet-based data communication

TOE

TCP Offload Engine: accessory processor and/or driver that assumes TCP/IP duties from
system CPU

ULP

Upper Level Protocol: protocol layer that defines the method of data transfer over InfiniBand

VNIC

Virtual Network Interface Controller: software interface that allows a host on an InfiniBand
fabric access to nodes on an external Ethernet network

Содержание 489183-B21 - InfiniBand DDR Switch

Страница 1: ... 7 IPoIB 7 RDMA based protocols 7 RDS 8 InfiniBand hardware architecture 8 Link operation 9 Scale out clusters built on InfiniBand and HP technology 11 Conclusion 13 Appendix A Glossary 14 For more information 15 Call to action 15 Using InfiniBand for a scalable compute infrastructure technology brief 3rd edition ...

Страница 2: ...InfiniBand based scale out architectures Introduction The overall performance of enterprise servers is determined by the synergetic relationship between three main subsystems processing memory and input output The multiprocessor architecture used in the latest single server systems Figure 1 provides a high degree of parallel processing capability However multiprocessor server architecture cannot s...

Страница 3: ...t with an interconnect technology that scales easily reliably and economically with system expansion Ethernet is a pervasive mature interconnect technology that can be cost effective for some application workloads The emergence of 10 Gigabit Ethernet 10GbE offers a cluster interconnect that meets higher bandwidth requirements than 1GbE can provide However 10GbE still lags the latest InfiniBand tec...

Страница 4: ...data payloads and encapsulates each data payload and an identifier of the destination node into one or more packets Packets can contain data payloads of up to four kilobytes The packets are passed to the network layer which selects a route to the destination node and if necessary attaches the route information to the packets The data link layer attaches a local identifier LID to the packet for com...

Страница 5: ...an communicate with an HCA or an InfiniBand switch An InfiniBand switch provides scalability by allowing a number of HCAs TCAs and other IB switches to connect to an InfiniBand infrastructure The switch handles network traffic by checking the local link header of each data packet received and forwarding the packet to the proper destination The most basic InfiniBand infrastructure will consist of h...

Страница 6: ...r APIs uDAPL SDP Library MAD API Open Fabrics Verbs CMA and API IPoIB Upper Level Protocols Provider User space Kernel space Hardware Specific Driver B Hardware MPIs Open SM Application Level Mid Layer Modules Connection Manager SA Client MAD Services Diag Tools RDS RDMA based Protocols kDAPL SDP SRP iSER NFS InfiniBand HCA Open Fabrics Verbs and API SMA Clustered DB VNIC IP Based Access Sockets B...

Страница 7: ...ications such as PING FTP and TELNET IPoIB does not support the RDMA features of InfiniBand Communication between IB nodes using IPoIB and Ethernet nodes using IP will require a gateway router interface RDMA based protocols DAPL The Direct Access Programming Library DAPL allows low latency RDMA communications between nodes The uDAPL provides user level access to RDMA functionality on InfiniBand wh...

Страница 8: ... 10 Gbps Bandwidth is increased by adding more lanes per link InfiniBand interconnect types include 1x 4x or 12x wide full duplex links Figure 5 The 4x is the most popular configuration and provides a theoretical full duplex QDR bandwidth of 80 2 x 40 gigabits per second Figure 5 InfiniBand link types Encoding overhead in the data transmission process limits the maximum data bandwidth per link to ...

Страница 9: ...Figure 7 Each virtual lane provides flow control and allows a pair of devices to communicate autonomously Typical implementations have each link accommodating eight lanes1 one lane is reserved for fabric management and the other lanes for packet transport The virtual lane design allows an InfiniBand link to share bandwidth between various sources and targets simultaneously For example if a 10Gb s ...

Страница 10: ... interpreted These protocols can be implemented in hardware some protocols more efficient than others The UD and Raw protocols for instance are basic datagram movers and may require system processor support depending on the ULP used When the reliable connection protocol is operating Figure 8 hardware at the source generates packet sequence numbers for every packet sent and the hardware at the dest...

Страница 11: ...ignificant savings in power cooling and data center floor space without compromising performance The c7000 enclosure supports up to 16 half height or 8 full height server blades and includes rear mounting bays for management and interconnect components Each server blade includes mezzanine connectors for I O options such as the HP 4x QDR IB mezzanine card HP c Class server blades are available in t...

Страница 12: ...rms are built around specific hardware and software platforms and offer a choice of interconnects For example the HP Cluster Platform CL3000BL uses the HP BL2x220c G5 BL280c G6 and BL460c blade servers as the compute node with a choice of GbE or InfiniBand interconnects No longer unique to Linux or HP UX environments HPC clustering is now supported through Microsoft Windows Server HPC 2003 with na...

Страница 13: ... ISVs for developing and running MPI based applications across multiple platforms and interconnect types Software development and support become simplified since interconnects from a variety of vendors can be supported by an application written to the HP MPI protocol Parallel compute applications that involve a high degree of message passing between nodes benefit significantly from InfiniBand HP B...

Страница 14: ...ons in parallel compute systems NFS Network File System file storage protocol NHP Non Hot Pluggable drive QDR Quad Data Rate for InfiniBand clock rate of 10 Gbps 2 5 Gbps x 4 QSFP Quad Small Form factor Pluggable interconnect connector type RDMA Remote Direct Memory Access protocol allowing data movement in and out of system memory without CPU intervention RDS Reliable Datagram Sockets transport p...

Страница 15: ...adeSystem http h18004 www1 hp com products blades compone nts c class tech function html Call to action Send comments about this paper to TechCom HP com 2009 Hewlett Packard Development Company L P The information contained herein is subject to change without notice The only warranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and serv...

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