Holiday imperial 2001, Руководство пользователя

Страница: 202 / 301

sulfuric acid. The solution, when mixed together, is known as “electrolyte.” The
12 volt battery is actually six batteries in one case. When charged, each cell has
a voltage of 2.1 Volts. When six cells are hooked together this makes a 12.6
Volt battery (fully charged).
Electrons are stored on the negative plates. When a load (eg. a light bulb) is
put between the positive and negative terminals, the electrons move from the
negative plate to the positive plate through the “load” and then back to the
ground terminal. At this time, the sulfuric acid leaves the water and adheres
onto the plates of the battery. The electrolyte solution keeps the electrons from
flowing while the battery is in the “at rest” position.
Charging the battery moves the sulfuric acid back into solution with the
distilled water. A battery left in a low or discharged state will cause the acid to
“sulphate.” In attempting to recharge the battery, the acid has become hardened
and no longer will leave the plates and enter into the liquid solution with the
distilled water. The lowered acid to water ratio has a direct affect on the bat-
tery’s ability to release the stored electrons (power output) and the length of
time it can preform (reserve capacity). Batteries left in a discharged condition
will readily freeze. This can crack the case allowing the solution to spill, it can
also warp the plates. The acid acts like an “antifreeze” for the battery. This is
why batteries should not be left or stored in a “discharged” condition.
Starting batteries are designed for high output cranking power, but not for
deep cycling like the house batteries are designed to do. Starting batteries will
not last long in deep cycle application. The way they are rated should give a
good indication of their intended use. “Cold Cranking Ampere” is a measure-
ment of amperage output that can be sustained for 30 seconds. Starting batteries
use thin plates to maximize the surface area of the battery. This allows a very
high starting current, but lets the plates warp when the battery is deep cycled
(discharged).
Deep cycle batteries are best suited for use with 12 volt operated lights,
appliances and inverters. Deep cycle batteries are designed to have a majority
of their capacity used before being recharged. These are available in many sizes
and types, the most common is a non-sealed, liquid electrolyte battery. the non-
sealed types have battery caps. The caps should be removed periodically to
check the level of electrolyte. When a cell is low, only distilled water should be
added. Water consumption will vary depending on many factors: how far the
batteries are depleted, how long the voltage is being applied to charge the bat-
teries, how much voltage is used and how often this occurs.
NOTE: Tap water contains minerals which can alter battery
chemistry and ruin the battery. Use only distilled water when
refilling the battery.
Electrical Systems - House
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I M P E R I A L
8 • 2 0 2
Starting Battery
Deep Cycle
Battery