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HGST Ultrastar 7K2, Техническое справочное руководство

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Ultrastar 7K2 

HGST Hard Disk Drive Technical Reference  Manual 

10 

 

CacheFlow™ 

CacheFlow is the unique, multi-generation disk caching system. It incorporates read cache with write 
cache. 

CacheFlow was designed to obtain maximum performance with today’s most popular operating systems 
and applications. CacheFlow increases performance over prior caching algorithms by increasing the 
number of times that requested data is in the cache. This reduces the number of host commands that 
require actual media access thereby improving overall drive performance. 

Typical  applications  perform  a  variety  of  access  patterns,  such  as  random,  sequential,  and  repetitive. 
CacheFlow is designed to dynamically adapt to the changes in access patterns that occur during the course 
of application execution. 

Random mode is the default operational mode for CacheFlow. Once CacheFlow detects a sequential access 
pattern, it leaves random mode. CacheFlow also performs predictive read operations to increase the 
probability that data requested in future commands already exists in the cache. 

CacheFlow partitions the buffer into multiple segments to allow for the fact that applications may access 
multiple non-contiguous areas on the disk. CacheFlow tracks the amount of valid data in each segment 
and controls the deallocation of segments to maximize drive performance. 

 

Write Cache 

CacheFlow is designed to improve both single and multi-sector write performance by reducing delays 
caused by seek time and rotational latency. 

The write cache adaptively detects random and sequential access patterns during application execution. 

If a defective sector is found during a write cache operation, that sector is automatically relocated before the 
write occurs. 

 

Read Cache 

CacheFlow implements a multiple segment read cache. Cache segments are assigned to read commands as 
they are received from the host. 

Each  read  segment  consists  of  pre  and  post  read  sectors  in  addition  to  the  host-requested  sectors.  This 
maximizes the amount of cache data in the drive’s buffer, thereby increasing the likelihood of cache hits and 
improving overall performance. 

Содержание Ultrastar 7K2

Страница 1: ...HGST Ultrastar 7K2 Capacity EnterpriseHDD HUS722T2TALA604 HUS722T1TALA604 Technical Reference Manual ...

Страница 2: ...rvices that are not announced in your country Such references or information must not be construed to mean that Western Digital Corporation intends to announce such HGST products programming or services in your country Technical information about this product is available by contacting your local HGST product representative or on the Internet at support hgst com Western Digital Corporation may hav...

Страница 3: ...HGST Ultrastar 7K2 Technical Reference Manual ...

Страница 4: ... Approvals 19 2 7 Full Model Number Specification 19 3 0 PRODUCT FEATURES 20 3 1 SATA 6 Gb s 21 3 2 Time Limited Error Recovery TLER 21 3 3 Rotary Acceleration Feed Forward RAFF 22 3 4 Perpendicular Magnetic Recording PMR 23 3 5 IntelliSeek 23 3 6 Native Command Queuing NCQ 23 3 7 Pre emptive Wear Leveling PWL 23 3 8 MicroFemto Slider 23 3 9 S M A R T Command Transport SCT 24 Write Same 24 Tempera...

Страница 5: ...or Recovery Process 31 5 0 ATA COMMAND SET 32 5 1 Host Interface Commands 32 ATA 7 ATA 8 Commands 32 SATA Commands 33 Obsolete Commands 33 SCT Commands 34 5 2 S M A R T B0h 35 Read Attribute ValuesSub Command 35 Supported Attributes 36 Read Log Sector 37 5 3 Identify Device ECh 38 5 4 Set Features EFh 44 6 0 DRIVE HANDLING AND MAINTENANCE 45 6 1 Unpacking 45 Handling Precautions 45 Inspection of S...

Страница 6: ...Misalignment Allowable 47 Figure 8 Device Backplane Connection 47 LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Physical Specifications 9 Table 2 Performance Specifications 9 Table 3 Device Head Register 16 Table 4 Maximum and Reliability Operating Temperature Limits Drive Baseplate 17 Table 5 Full Model Number Description 19 Table 6 ATA 7 ATA 8 Command Opcodes 32 Table 7 Optional Subcommands 33 Table 8 Obsolete Command...

Страница 7: ... recording and provides a platform for future expansion of hard drive densities IntelliSeek Key product feature that calculates optimum seek speeds to lower power consumption noise and vibration Native Command Queuing NCQ Performance of a random I O workload can beimproved through intelligent re ordering of the I O requests so they read write to and from the nearest available sectors and minimize ...

Страница 8: ... unique multi generation caching algorithm evaluates the way data isread from and written to the drive and adapts on the fly to the optimum read and write caching methods CacheFlow minimizes disk seek operations and overheads due to rotational latency CacheFlow supports sequential and random write cache With write cache and other CacheFlow features the user can cache both read and write data The c...

Страница 9: ...SATA IO organization as of the date of this document Visit www sata io org for details Performance Specifications Table 2 Performance Specifications Average Seek without overhead Read Write 7 7 ms average 8 3 ms average Average Latency 4 2 ms nominal Rotational Speed 7200 RPM nominal Data Transfer Rate maximum at OD 1 Maximum burst interface transfer rate Maximum sustained interface transfer rate ...

Страница 10: ...operations to increase the probability that data requested in future commands already exists in the cache CacheFlow partitions the buffer into multiple segments to allow for the fact that applications may access multiple non contiguous areas on the disk CacheFlow tracks the amount of valid data in each segment and controls the deallocation of segments to maximize drive performance Write Cache Cach...

Страница 11: ...trastar 7K2 HGST Hard Disk Drive Technical Reference Manual 11 Mechanical Specifications Figure 1 shows the mounting dimensions and locations of the screw holes for the drive Figure 1 Mounting Dimensions ...

Страница 12: ... axis depending upon the physical design of your system For best results mount the drive with all four screws grounded to the chassis If all fourscrews are not used see Grounding on page 12 The hard drive should be mounted to the chassis using four 6 32 screws Recommended screw torque is 5 in lb Maximum screw torque is 10 in lb The PCBA and HDA grounds are always connected together in the drive an...

Страница 13: ...er than the value listed 2 All peak and mean values are typical measured at 25 C except where specified as maximum Power Savings Modes This product is capable of supporting both legacy ATA Advanced Power Management APM mode and the new more extensive Extended Power Conditions EPC standards Unless otherwise specified the default disk drive is shipped with the EPC mode enabled and the legacy APM mod...

Страница 14: ...Standby_Y Heads Parked Reduced RPM 3 15 sec recovery see the Power Conditions Log for the drives actual recovery time Standby_y recovery can use full spin up power Standby_Z Traditional standby Drive not spinning Recovery is similar to a typical TTR Time To Ready for the HDD HGST has added the Power Condition Log which defines the support enable bits and timers for all power conditions The power m...

Страница 15: ...TA data connectors including the pin definitions of the SATA connectors and the corresponding signal names and signal functions refer to the latest SATA specification available for download at www serialata org Cabling Requirements for Serial ATA The SATA cable consists of four conductors in two differential pairs The cable may also include drain wires to be terminated to the ground pins in the SA...

Страница 16: ...0 900 1400 2000 Rad sec2 2 Hz 0 035 0 035 0 2 0 2 0 002 0 002 Operating Vibration Drives are tested by applying a random excitation in each linear axis one axis at a time The drive incurs no physical damage and no hard errors while subjected to continuous vibration not exceeding the level listed in Table 3 Operating performance may degrade during periods of exposure to continuous vibration Non Ope...

Страница 17: ...ture should be below 60 C and within the 5 60 C operating ambient temperature 3 Unless still in HGST s factory sealed bag which allows up to 40 C without limit Temperature Measurement Drive component temperatures measured at the drive baseplate thermocouple location must remain within the limits specified in Table 4 Figure 2 shows the temperature measurement location Sustained operation at tempera...

Страница 18: ...dible pure tones RoHS Restriction of HazardousSubstances HGST hard drive products manufactured and sold worldwide after June 8 2011 meet or exceed Restriction of Hazardous Substances RoHS compliance requirements as mandated by the RoHS Directive 2011 65 EU RoHS aims to protect human health and the environment by restricting the use of certain hazardous substances in new equipment and consists of r...

Страница 19: ...for Europe Complies with EN 55022 2010 RF Conducted Emissions andEN 55024 2010 Immunity requirements Including EU Directive 2011 65 EU RoHS II requirements RCM Compliance for Australia Verified to comply with AS NZS CISPR 22 for RF Emissions as required by the Australian Communications Authority Korean KC Mark Registered as a Class B product with the South Korean Ministry of Information and Commun...

Страница 20: ...ek Native Command Queuing NCQ Pre Emptive Wear Leveling PWL MicroFemto Slider S M A R T Command Transport SCT World Wide Name WWN Hot Plug Support Active LED Status Fluid Dynamic Bearings FDB Staggered Spin Up and Activity Indication SATA Power Pin 11 48 bit Logical Block Addressing LBA Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology S M A R T Security Mode Data Path Protection DPP Manufacturing...

Страница 21: ...ontroller Time Limited Error Recovery TLER HGST has delivered coordinated error management in the form of Time Limited Error Recovery TLER TLER capable hard drives will perform the normal error recovery and after 7 seconds issue an error message to the RAID controller and defer the error recovery task until a later time With coordinated error handling the hard drive is not dropped from the RAID ar...

Страница 22: ... printed circuit board assembly PCBA The sensor locations are optimized for separation distance and PCB mounting conditions Since the difference signal from two similar linear accelerometers placed in a parallel orientation and separated by some distance is indicative of RV the signals are subtracted from each other to generate a Differential Sensor Signal DSS RV control effort feed forwarding is ...

Страница 23: ...ting for thedrive rotation to catch up This smooth motion reduces power usage by more than 60 percent compared with standard drives as well as quiets seek operation and lowers vibration Native Command Queuing NCQ These drives support Native Command Queuing NCQ is a true Enterprise feature for environments such as database Web servers and e mail servers Performance of a random I O workload can be i...

Страница 24: ...e Reporting SCT TR feature allows a host system to access temperature information in the drive The S M A R T temperature value is reported within 3 C of the base casting temperature This information can been used to control fans or adjust the usage of various system components to keep the drive within its normal operating temperature Applications include Enterprise Laptop Desktop and Consumer Elec...

Страница 25: ...motor As an alternative to conventional ball bearing technology FDB designs provide increased non operational shock resistance speed control and improved acoustics StaggeredSpinupandActivityIndication SATAPowerPin 11 Note This feature is available for specific OEM configurations SATA device power connector pin 11 is defined as a means by the host to DISABLE staggered spinup and it may also be used...

Страница 26: ...Analysis and Reporting Technology S M A R T S M A R T helps you monitor a drive s internal status through diagnostic commands at the host level The drive monitors Read Error Rate Start Stop Count Re allocated Sector Count Seek Error Rate Power on Hours Count Spin up Retry Count Drive Calibration Retry Count Drive Power Cycle Count Offline Scan Uncorrectable Sector Count Ultra ATA CRC Error Rate Mu...

Страница 27: ... If High level security is set and the user password is forgotten the master password can be used to unlock the drive and access the data Maximum If Maximum level security is set and the user password is forgotten data access is impossible Only the master password with a Security Erase Unit command can unlock the drive when the device lock function is enabled and the user password has been forgott...

Страница 28: ...ification assume the following The drive is operated per the DC power specified The drive has been formatted with the FORMAT UNIT command Errors previously detected as caused by media defects are excluded from further error rate computations Random error distribution Error Rates Error Rates are specified as based upon ECC On The Fly data correction automatic retries being allowed and all drive fla...

Страница 29: ...within a sector As mentioned above the LDPC channel is required to enable the recoverable and unrecoverable error rates as specified above Before measuring read error rates ensure that 1 The data that is being used for measurement of read error rates must be verified that it is written correctly on the media 2 All media defect induced errors must be excluded from error rate calculations An interfa...

Страница 30: ...tem This system protects the inside environment of the drive from contamination System features include Filtration System to ensure fast clean up times Directed airflow to maximize mechanical cooling Increase casting surface area to maximize cooling Breather filter located at low pressure area Enhanced heat dissipation Defect Management Every HGST drive undergoes factory level intelligent burn in ...

Страница 31: ...C On the Fly If an LDPC error occurs the drive attempts to correct it on the fly without retries Data can be corrected in this manner without performance penalty Read Write Retry Procedure This retry procedure is used by all disk controller error types If the procedure succeeds in reading or writing the sector being tried then recovery is complete and the controller continues with the command Each...

Страница 32: ...MODE E5 DOWNLOAD MICROCODE 92 EXECUTE DEVICE DIAGNOSTIC 90 FLUSH CACHE E7 FLUSH CACHE EXT EA IDENTIFY DEVICE EC IDLE E3 IDLE IMMEDIATE E1 NOP 00 READ BUFFER E4 READ DMA C8 READ DMA EXT 25 READ FPDMA QUEUED 60 READ LOG EXT 2F READ LOG DMA EXT 47 READ MULTIPLE C4 READ MULTIPLE EXT 29 READ SECTOR S 20 READ SECTORS S EXT 24 READ VERIFY SECTOR S EXT 42 READ VERIFY SECTORS S 40 S M A R T B0 SECURITY DIS...

Страница 33: ...ommand supported by these harddrives Refer to the SATA specification for full details on each command Table 7 Optional Subcommands COMMAND SUBFUNCTION DOWNLOAD MICROCODE Mode 3 DOWNLOAD MICROCODE Mode 7 DOWNLOAD MICROCODE Mode E DOWNLOAD MICROCODE Mode F Obsolete Commands Table 8 lists the hexadecimal codes specific to each obsolete command supported by these hard drives Table 8 Obsolete Command O...

Страница 34: ... execution Execution progress for these commands may be checked by requesting SCT status For instance the host can track the progress of a Write Same command by issuing a status request once per minute See ATA8 ACS for a full description of SCT Table 9 SCT Action Codes ACTION CODE DESCRIPTION 0000h RESERVED 0001h Long Sector Access 0002h Write Same 0004h Features Control 0005h SCT Data Tables 0006...

Страница 35: ... without error or no self test has ever been run 01h The self test routine was aborted by the host 02h The self test routine was interrupted by the host with a hard or soft reset BYTE VALUE DESCRIPTION 03h A fatal error or unknown test error occurred while the device was executing its self test routine The device was unable to complete the self test routine 04h The previous self test completed hav...

Страница 36: ...visory Spin up Retry Count 10 Advisory Drive Calibration Retry Count 11 Advisory Drive Power Cycle Count 12 Advisory Gas Gauge 16 Advisory Emergency Retract Cycles 192 Advisory Load Unload Cycles 193 Advisory HDA Temperature2 194 Advisory Relocation Event Count 196 Advisory Current Pending Sector Count 197 Advisory Offline Scan Uncorrectable Sector Count 198 Advisory Ultra DMA CRC Error Rate 199 A...

Страница 37: ... log ExtLog RO GPL 08h Reserved Reserved Reserved 09H Selective self test log SMART R W SL 0Ah 0Fh Reserved N A Reserved 10h NCQ Command Error NCQ RO GPL 11h SATA PHY Counters ExtLog RO GPL 12h 17h Reserved for Serial ATA N A Reserved 18h 1Fh Reserved N A Reserved 20h Obsolete 21h Write Stream Error Log Streaming RO GPL 22h Read Stream Error Log Streaming RO GPL 23h Obsolete 24h 7Fh Reserved N A R...

Страница 38: ... number of logical sectors that shall be transferred per DRQ data block on READ WRITE MULTIPLE commands 8010h 48 Trusted Computing feature set options Bit 15 Shall be cleared to zero Bit 14 Shall be set to one Bit 13 1 Reserved for the Trusted Computing Group Bit 0 If set Trusted Computing feature set is supported 4000h 49 Capabilities Bit 15 14 Reserved for the IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE command Bit ...

Страница 39: ... Bit 1 If set Multiword DMA mode 1 Bit 0 If set Multiword DMA mode 0 0107h 64 Advanced PIO Modes Supported Bits 0 7 PIO Modes supported 0003h 65 Min Multi Word DMA Transfer Cycle Time ns Bit 15 0 Cycle time in nanoseconds 0078h 66 Manufacturer Recommended Multi Word DMA Cycle Time Bit 15 0 Cycle time in nanoseconds 0078h 67 Min PIO Transfer Cycle Time without flow control Bit 15 0 Cycle time in na...

Страница 40: ...n order data delivery enabled Bit 3 If set device initiated power management enabled Bit 2 If set DMA Setup Auto activation enabled Bit 1 If set non zero buffer offsets enabled Bit 0 Cleared to zero 0040h 80 Major Version Number Bits 15 10 Reserved Bit 9 if set supports ACS 2 Bit 8 if set supports ATA8 ACSBit 7 if set supports ATA ATAPI 7 Bit 6 if set supports ATA ATAPI 6 Bit 5 if set supports ATA...

Страница 41: ...s Feature Set supported Bit 9 Not supported Bit 8 If set Set Max Security Extension enabled by Set Max Set Password Bit 7 Reserved Bit 6 If set Set Features subcommand required to spin up after power up Bit 5 If set Power Up In Standby feature set enabled Bit 4 Obsolete Bit 3 If set Advanced Power Management feature set enabled Bit 2 If set CFA Feature Set enabled Bit 1 If set Read Write DMA Queue...

Страница 42: ...k delay for ISO 7779 standard acoustic testing 0000h 108 111 World Wide Name XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX 112 115 Reserved 0000h 116 Reserved for TLC 0000h 117 118 Logical Sector size DWord 0000h 119 Commands and feature sets supported Continued from words 82 84 Bit 15 Cleared to zero Bit 14 Shall be set to one Bit 13 8 Reserved Bit 7 If set Extended Power Conditions feature set supported Bit 6 If set Sense D...

Страница 43: ...If set Obsolete Bit 0 If set SCT Command Transport supported 30BDh 207 208 Reserved 0000h 209 Alignment of logical blocks within a physical block Bit 15 Shall be cleared to zero Bit 14 Shall be set to one Bits 13 0 Logical sector offset within the first physical sector where the first logical sector is placed 4000h 210 211 Write Read Verify Sector Count Mode 3 0000h 212 213 Write Read Verify Secto...

Страница 44: ...Features command enables or disables the features listed in the following table FUNCTION FEATURES REGISTER SECTOR COUNTREGISTER Enable read cache1 AAh Don t care Disable read cache1 55h Don t care Enable write cache1 02h Don t care Disable write cache1 82h Don t care Set Transfer Mode 03h Don t care Enable use of Serial ATA Feature 10h 02h DMA Setup FIS Auto Activate optimization 06h Software Sett...

Страница 45: ... is not in its shipping container or installed in its proper host enclosure it must remain in the antistatic bag To prevent damage do not unpack your HGST drive until you are ready to install it Inspection of Shipping Container Carefully examine the container for obvious shipping damage such as holes signs of crushing or stains Notify the carrier and your HGST representative if you observe any shi...

Страница 46: ...d compartment or remove the seals or any labels from the drive this will void the warranty Moving Precautions If you need to move your computer turn off the power to automatically unload the heads This helps protect the media and the heads from accidental damage due to vibration moving or shipping Hard Drive Installation If your system does not support hot plugging see Hot PlugSupport on page 25 i...

Страница 47: ... X axis The maximum allowable blind mate tolerance is 1 00 mm in the Z axis The above tolerances are based on the X Y plane being perpendicular to Y Z plane See Figure 7 and Figure 8 for the industry standard connector pin dimensions and references Figure 7 Connector Pair Blind Mate Misalignment Allowable Figure 8 Device Backplane Connection ...

Страница 48: ...drive by the printed circuit board Avoid static discharge when handling a drive Avoid harsh shocks or vibrations Do not touch the components on the printed circuit board Observe the environmental limits specified for this product If it becomes necessary to move your computer system turn off the power to automatically unload the heads This helps protect the media and the heads from accidental damag...

Страница 49: ...tage Actuator DSA DSA is an improvement to the overall capability of the Servo system and provides a mechanical benefit to improve the response time higher Bandwidth capability of moving and maintaining the head position over the data tracks ECC On the Fly HGST utilizes an LDPC hardware correction technique that corrects errors prior to host transfer without any performance penalties These error c...

Страница 50: ...he time it takes for the read write head to move to a specific block of data on the hard drive The average seek time is computed by dividing the time it takes to complete a large number of random seeks by the number of seeks performed Sector A 512 byte packet of data Self Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology S M A R T A technology to assist the user in preventing possible system down time ...

Страница 51: ...Ultrastar 7K2 HGST Hard Disk Drive Technical Reference Manual 51 ...

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