Glossary
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Especially effective firewalls go even further, analyzing and
evaluating the contents of the packets and filtering them ac-
cording to prescribed rules. Such techniques may also in-
clude a Stateful Packet Inspection Firewall, for instance.
firmware
The firmware is the software of an electronic device, which is
stored in the device and controls its functions.
FTP
short for File Transfer Protocol
The File Transfer Protocol allows files to be exchanged be-
tween two computers in the Internet. A computer on which
the files are made available for downloading is called an “FTP
server”. A special program is required for downloading files,
known as an “FTP client”. Some web browsers contain FTP cli-
ents, but they are also available as independent software.
gateway
Gateway is a general term designating an interface between
two networks. Such a network interface can be realized using
a router or a bridge, for instance.
If a computer wants to transfer data packets to a computer in
another network, it must first transmit the packet to the gate-
way. To do this, the computer must know the address of the
gateway.
If all packets that cannot be delivered in a local network al-
ways are to be transmitted to their given recipients via the
same gateway, for this purpose the address of the gateway
must be saved as the default gateway in the network settings
of the computer.
If a router is used for the shared Internet access in a local net-
work, the IP address of the router must be entered as the de-
fault gateway in the TCP/IP settings of each computer that
wishes to use the Internet connection.
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