FLEETWOOD RV Class A Gas 2020, Руководство пользователя

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164
House Electrical
SECTION NINE
• Install the negative cables . When hooking up the
ground cable going to the frame there will be a small
spark indicating a momentary current draw . This is
a normal process of charging the capacitors in the
inverter . If there is a heavy flash STOP . Something
is wrong . Double-check all wiring and battery post
location for error .
• Verify proper voltage in the system before turning
on the main battery disconnects .
• Coat terminals and posts with a protective coating
to seal the connections from the gas and electrolyte .
• Turn on the main battery disconnect switches .
Placing a load on the Battery:
Another test that can be performed is to place a specific
load on the battery for a predetermined length of time
equal to that particular battery’s rating .
This machine is usually an adjustable carbon pile that
can vary the load being applied to the batteries while
monitoring voltage to see if they will perform to their
specific rated capacities .
CHARGE TIME & CONSUMPTION RATE
Calculating Run Times:
Calculating run time figures when operating 120 Volt
AC electrical items with an inverter can be exponential
due to battery characteristics . Flow characteristics
of electrons vary with different battery types and
chemical compositions . Deep cycle batteries are
generally designed to slowly release a majority of their
charge capacity .
Deep cycle batteries are rated in amp hours (Ahrs) with
the discharge occurring over an extended period of time
before the battery is charged . Engine starting batteries are
designed to quickly release large amounts of current for a
short duration, without depleting battery reserves .
Commercial type batteries bridge the gap of deep cycle
and engine batteries . Commercial batteries release
medium amounts of current over a longer period of
time but they are not designed to cycle their charge
capacity .
The working range of a deep cycle battery is between
50 and 100% state of charge (SOC) . Deep cycle
batteries should not be cycled below 50% state of
charge . Discharging a deep cycle battery below 50%
state of charge shortens the life of the battery .
Deep cycle batteries use an amp hour rating that is
usually calculated over a 20 hour discharge interval .
For example: A deep cycle battery with a rated capacity
of 100 Ahrs . is designed to release current at the rate of
5 amps per hour . Multiply a 5 amp load over a 20 hour
discharge period equals the rated 100 Ahr . capacity .
These discharge figures are calculated with the battery
starting at 100% state of charge with the battery at 80º
F . when the discharge cycle begins . However, increasing
the discharge load applied to the battery from 5 amps
to 10 amps on a 100 Ahr battery does not yield ten
hours of discharge time . This is due to the internal
reactions that occur when a battery is discharging .
Actual discharge time for a 10 amp load may be closer
to eight hours of discharge time . Increasing the load
applied to the battery to 20 amps will not yield five
hours discharge time but may be less than three hours .
It might be understood as a point of diminishing return .
Calculating applied loads to an inverter to approximate
run time from the battery amp hours available is not an
equal trade up when voltage is inverted and amperage
is calculated . When the inverter is used to operate an
AC load it uses approximately eleven times the DC
current needed from the battery when inverting 12
Volts DC to operate the 120 Volt AC item .
There is also a small efficiency loss of about 10% when
inverting . For example: When using the inverter to
operate an AC electrical item, which has a current draw
rating of 2 amps, the inverter will use over 20 amps DC
power from the batteries .
WARNING:
Liquid lead acid batteries produce hydrogen gas
while charging . Hydrogen gas is highly flammable .
Do Not smoke around batteries . Extinguish all
flames in the area . Hydrogen gas can explode
resulting in fire, personal injury, property damage
or death .