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Section 150-388-124

Revision 01

Page 3

3.  FUNCTIONAL OPERATION

3.01

The HiGain system utilizes PairGain 2-Bit
1-Quartenary (2B1Q) HDSL transceiver systems to

establish two full duplex 784 kbps data channels between
the HLU-388, List 2D and a remotely mounted HRU-412
HiGain Remote Unit.  This provides a total capacity of
1.568 Mbps between the two units.

3.02

A block diagram of the HLU-388, List 2D is
shown in Figure 2.  The HiGain HLU-388, List 2D

receives a 1.544 Mbps DS1 data stream from the DSX-1
digital cross connect interface.  The HLU-388, List 2D
contains a DSX-1 frame synchronizer controlled by an 8-bit
microprocessor that determines the type of framing on the
DS1 stream and synchronizes to it.  The HLU-388, List 2D
recognizes Super Frame (SF) (including D4) or Extended
Super Frame (ESF) framing.  When the data is unframed,
the HLU-388, List 2D arbitrarily defines a frame bit.

3.03

The HLU-388, List 2D contains a multiplexer that
generates two parallel 784 kbps data streams.  The

data streams contain HDSL frames that are nominally 4704
bits (6 milliseconds) in length.  The HDSL frames contain a
14-bit Frame Sync Word (FSW), 6-bit Cyclic Redundancy
Check (CRC), 21-bit operations channel and DSX-1
payload.  The DSX-1 stream is separated into two parallel
streams that comprise the payloads of the HDSL channels.
The HLU-388, List 2D allocates the DS0 time slots
according to the version of HRU-412 to which it is
connected.  Older version HRUs require the odd DS0 time
slots allocated to loop 1 and the even DS0 time slots to loop
2.  Newer versions allocated DS0 time slots 1 through 12 to
loop 1, and time slots 13 through 24 to loop 2.  The 8 kbps
frame bits of the DSX-1 stream are included on both HDSL
channels.  The two formatted HDSL channels are passed to
the HDSL transceivers which convert them to the 2B1Q
format on the HDSL lines.  The 2B1Q line code is designed
to operate in a full-duplex mode on unconditioned pairs.
The transceiver echo canceler and adaptive equalizer
receive the signal from the remote end in the presence of
impairments and noise on the copper pairs.

Figure 2.  HLU-388, List 2D Block Diagram.  

PairGain’s HDSL technology provides full duplex services at standard T-1 rates over

copper wires between an HLU and an HRU, which comprise one HiGain system.

Содержание 150-1141-24

Страница 1: ...CHNICAL ASSISTANCE 12 B APPLICATIONS WITHOUT HIGAIN DOUBLERS HDU 451 12 SECTION INTRODUCTION 13 13 POWER CONSUMPTION 13 14 LOOPBACK OPERATION 14 15 TESTING 15 16 SYSTEM MAINTENANCE MENU SCREENS 28 C A...

Страница 2: ...rminating Shelf STS high density shelves Selectable loopback activation codes RS 232 maintenance port Compatible with PairGain Management System Non volatile front panel operator setup Lightning and p...

Страница 3: ...704 bits 6 milliseconds in length The HDSL frames contain a 14 bit Frame Sync Word FSW 6 bit Cyclic Redundancy Check CRC 21 bit operations channel and DSX 1 payload The DSX 1 stream is separated into...

Страница 4: ...r bipolar 65 V and 100 V see Figure 5 The line power supply can be turned on or off by the microprocessor and is automatically shut down in the presence of line short circuits or microprocessor failur...

Страница 5: ...defines the cause of the alarm remains Both messages remain until the alarm condition clears or another alarm occurs Disabling the ALM also retires an ACO condition 4 03 Pin 117 MJF is driven to 48 V...

Страница 6: ...the SEL button for six seconds until the message DFLT NO appears To set the default values press the SEL button while the DFLT NO message is displayed DFLT YES will be displayed indicating the factory...

Страница 7: ...e press E to Exit and C to Confirm the changes This activates the new choices and returns control to the Main Menu screen 5 11 The new T1 transceiver chip in the List 2D allows the unit to process bot...

Страница 8: ...epeater in band loopback codes PWRF DIS Disables powering to the HRU 412 and doubler ENA Enables powering to the HRU 412 and doubler ZBTS ON Tells the HiGain system that the ESF frame is operating in...

Страница 9: ...signal at both the HLU 388 List 2D and HRU 412 T1 output ports when both of the HDSL loops are not in sync LOSW 1LP Causes the HiGain system to transmit the AIS signal at both the HLU 388 List 2D and...

Страница 10: ...d voltage to 100 V but applies positive voltage to the cable pairs which could accelerate corrosion on the cable pairs 6 04 The line voltage power supply used for both options is ground referenced but...

Страница 11: ...L loop SNR margin for each HDSL loop relative to 10 7 BER operation Electrical Protection Secondary surge protection on DS1 and HDSL ports Power cross protection on HDSL ports Operating Temperature an...

Страница 12: ...n Avenue Tustin CA 92780 ATTN Repair and Return Dept 714 832 9922 800 638 0031 11 TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 11 01 PairGain Technical Assistance is available 24 hours a day 7 days a week by contacting PairG...

Страница 13: ...ts sq ft 13 03 In Central Office locations the maximum power dissipation for open faced natural convection cooled mountings is limited to 120 Watts sq ft per Section 4 2 3 of the NEBS standard TR NWT...

Страница 14: ...stem with sophisticated maintenance and troubleshooting tools Table 4 through Table 7 list the details of these SPLB functions A2LB and A5LB are patterned after the Teltrend addressable T1 repeater lo...

Страница 15: ...k mode and selecting another loopback Only one loopback can exist at any given time Pressing both the Mode and SEL buttons again for three seconds terminates any active loopback ends the Manual Loopba...

Страница 16: ...24 Revision 01 Page 16 Figure 6 HLU 388 List 2D Non Doubler Loopback Configurations The most important of the HiGain family of loopback options is the Smart Jack loopback which emulates the functions...

Страница 17: ...rmal 4 Have the CO tester send the HLU 388 List 2D 4 in 7 in band loop up code for five seconds Observe that the HLU 388 List 2D displays the NLOC message which indicates that an HLU 388 List 2D loopb...

Страница 18: ...in the returned pattern 20 errors if ILR 2 was sent followed by Normal looped data Note This error pattern will repeat every 20 seconds as long as the IOR loopback pattern is being sent This same 20 s...

Страница 19: ...010 D5EA TIME OUT OVERRIDE Loopback Time out Override 1101 0101 1101 0110 D5D6 FAR END NI ACTIVATE Unblock AIS and pass 2 in 5 1100 0101 0101 0100 C554 IOR POWER DOWN HLU Removes HDSL line power 0110...

Страница 20: ...rn 20 errors if ILR 2 was sent followed by Normal looped data Note This error pattern will repeat every 20 seconds as long as the IOR loopback pattern is being sent This same 20 second repeat scenario...

Страница 21: ...10 D5EA TIME OUT OVERRIDE Loopback Time out Override 1101 0101 1101 0110 D5D6 FAR END NI ACTIVATE Unblock AIS and pass 2 in 5 1100 0101 0101 0100 C554 IOR POWER DOWN HLU Removes HDSL line power 0110 0...

Страница 22: ...HiGain loopbacks see Figure 6 Note that all code sequences must be present for at least five seconds ABBREVIATIONS USED BELOW LU Loop Up LD Loop Down NI Network Interface CI Customer Interface ESF DL...

Страница 23: ...execute all the HiGain system loopbacks see Figure 6 Note that all code sequences must be present for at least five seconds ABBREVIATIONS USED BELOW LU Loop Up LD Loop Down NI Network Interface CI Cu...

Страница 24: ...me bits occur in the returned pattern 20 errors if ILR 2 was sent followed by Normal looped data Note This error pattern will repeat every 20 seconds as long as the IOR loopback pattern is being sent...

Страница 25: ...rnate Query Loopback 1101 0101 1110 1010 D5EA TIME OUT OVERRIDE Loopback Time out Override 1101 0101 1101 0110 D5D6 IOR POWER DOWN HLU Removes HDSL line power 0110 0111 0110 0111 6767 Note The left mo...

Страница 26: ...RAIS Remote Alarm Indicating Signal Indicates an AIS all 1 pattern is being transmitted from the remote T1 output port LAIS Local Alarm Indicating Signal Indicates an AIS all 1 pattern is being trans...

Страница 27: ...see Figure 6 initiated from CO network by either the Intelligent Office Repeater IOR code the HLU 388 front panel Manual Loopback push buttons or the maintenance terminal CLOC Customer Local Loopback...

Страница 28: ...e period Earlier and later data in four hour chunks on six different screens can be accessed by pressing P Previous or N Next respectively All of the counters can be set to zero by pressing C Clear fr...

Страница 29: ...icate out of tolerance components or excessive temperature drift in critical components HDSL 24 Hours ES Errored Seconds The number of 1 second intervals which contained at least 1 HDSL CRC error This...

Страница 30: ...n loop 1 SIG2 Signal 2 The HLU and HRU transceivers are trying to establish contact with each other on loop 2 ACQ1 Acquisition 1 The HLU and HRU multiplexers are trying to establish synchronization ov...

Страница 31: ...MI B8ZS The line code that HLU 388 List 2D is receiving at its DSX 1 interface if the DS1 option is set to Auto Otherwise it mimics either of the other two DS1 line code settings AMI or B8ZS Displayed...

Страница 32: ...Section 150 388 124 Revision 01 Page 32 Figure 7 HLU 388 List 2D Main Menu Figure 8 HLU 388 List 2D Non Doubler Status Display...

Страница 33: ...Section 150 388 124 Revision 01 Page 33 Figure 9 HLU 388 List 2D Set Clock Menu Figure 10 HLU 388 List 2D System Settings Menu...

Страница 34: ...Section 150 388 124 Revision 01 Page 34 Figure 11 HLU 388 List 2D Non Doubler Loopback Menu Figure 12 HLU 388 List 2D Non Doubler Performance Data Screen...

Страница 35: ...Section 150 388 124 Revision 01 Page 35 Figure 13 HLU 388 List 2D Non Doubler 7 Day Performance History Screen Figure 14 HLU 388 List 2D Non Doubler Alarm History Screen...

Страница 36: ...le Lists 1 2 3 3A 4 and 5 can not be used Lists 6 7 8 and greater can 4 The HRU 412 CPE current option must be set to 0 mA Its 60 mA CPE current switch must be set to 0 mA or its card edge pins must b...

Страница 37: ...ween every other shelf in racks containing more than two shelves This technique deflects the rack heat outward and reduces thermo stress on the plugs 19 LOOPBACK OPERATION 19 01 The HiGain system has...

Страница 38: ...etwork CDU1 and CDU2 are toward the customer All four loopbacks can be initiated by the 16 bit in band commands in SPLB states A1LB A2LB and A3LB as described in Tables 13 14 and 15 respectively NDU1...

Страница 39: ...Loopback session and returns the display to normal mode Note that these same loopbacks can be initiated from the RS 232 maintenance port by choosing the Loopback Mode option D from the Main Menu This...

Страница 40: ...388 124 Revision 01 Page 40 Figure 15 HLU 388 Doubler Loopback Configurations The most important of the HiGain family of loopback options is the Smart Jack loopback which emulates the functions of a s...

Страница 41: ...ir or the HRU 412 If it fails the problem is in the CO equipment 6 The NREM and NLOC loopbacks can also be initiated from the front panel of the HLU 388 List 2D with the Mode and SEL push buttons see...

Страница 42: ...rrors if ILR 1 was sent 200 errors if ILR 20 was sent and 20 errors if ILR 2 was sent followed by Normal looped data Note This error pattern will repeat every 20 seconds as long as the IOR loopback pa...

Страница 43: ...01 1101 0101 D5D5 IR ALTERNATE QUERY LPBK Alternate Query Loopback 1101 0101 1110 1010 D5EA TIME OUT OVERRIDE Loopback Time out Override 1101 0101 1101 0110 D5D6 FAR END NI ACTIVATE Unblock AIS and pa...

Страница 44: ...rrors if ILR 1 was sent 200 errors if ILR 20 was sent and 20 errors if ILR 2 was sent followed by Normal looped data Note This error pattern will repeat every 20 seconds as long as the IOR loopback pa...

Страница 45: ...01 1101 0101 D5D5 IR ALTERNATE QUERY LPBK Alternate Query Loopback 1101 0101 1110 1010 D5EA TIME OUT OVERRIDE Loopback Time out Override 1101 0101 1101 0110 D5D6 FAR END NI ACTIVATE Unblock AIS and pa...

Страница 46: ...IATIONS USED BELOW LU Loop Up LD Loop Down NI Network Interface CI Customer Interface ESF DL Extended Super Frame Data Link ADDRESSABLE 3 A3LB REPEATER LOOPBACK COMMANDS Position Name Code HLU 388 LU...

Страница 47: ...st five seconds ABBREVIATIONS USED BELOW LU Loop Up LD Loop Down NI Network Interface CI Customer Interface ESF DL Extended Super Frame Data Link ADDRESSABLE 4 A4LB REPEATER LOOPBACK COMMANDS Position...

Страница 48: ...was sent 200 errors if ILR 20 was sent and 20 errors if ILR 2 was sent followed by Normal looped data Note This error pattern will repeat every 20 seconds as long as the IOR loopback pattern is being...

Страница 49: ...R QUERY LPBK Query Loopback 1101 0101 1101 0101 D5D5 IR ALTERNATE QUERY LPBK Alternate Query Loopback 1101 0101 1110 1010 D5EA TIME OUT OVERRIDE Loopback Time out Override 1101 0101 1101 0110 D5D6 IOR...

Страница 50: ...nly NLOC NREM CLOC and CREM are available for non doubler applications 21 07 Figure 24 through Figure 27 show the Performance Data screens for doubler applications The Errored Seconds and Unavailable...

Страница 51: ...dicates no alarms LLOS Local Loss of Signal No signal from HLU 388 List 2D local DSX 1 interface RLOS Remote Loss of Signal No signal from HRU 412 remote DS1 interface LOSW1 Loss of Sync Word 1 HDSL l...

Страница 52: ...ack The loopback at doubler 2 toward network see Figure 15 initiated by either the IOR code the HLU 388 front panel Manual Loopback push buttons or the maintenance terminal CLOC Customer Local Loopbac...

Страница 53: ...HDSL 24 Hours ES Errored Seconds The number of 1 second intervals which contained at least 1 HDSL CRC error This value is a running total of the last 24 hours HDSL 24 Hours UAS Unavailable Seconds The...

Страница 54: ...Signal 1 The HLU and the first doubler transceivers are trying to establish contact with each other on loop 1 of span 1 SIG2 Signal 2 The HLU and the first doubler transceivers are trying to establish...

Страница 55: ...Intelligent Repeater loop codes ACO Alarm CutOff A minor alarm occurred and was retired to an ACO condition after pressing the SEL button on the HLU front panel SELF TEST Self test The HLU is in a sel...

Страница 56: ...larm LLOS Local Loss of Signal Indicates that no signal is detected at the DSX 1 input to the HLU Causes a minor alarm RLOS Remote Loss of Signal Indicates that no signal is detected at the DS1 input...

Страница 57: ...Section 150 388 124 Revision 01 Page 57 Figure 16 HLU 388 List 2D Main Menu Figure 17 HLU 388 List 2D Status Display Span 1 1 or 2 Doublers...

Страница 58: ...Section 150 388 124 Revision 01 Page 58 Figure 18 HLU 388 List 2D Status Display Span 2 1 Doubler Figure 19 HLU 388 List 2D Status Display Span 2 2 Doublers...

Страница 59: ...Section 150 388 124 Revision 01 Page 59 Figure 20 HLU 388 List 2D Status Display Span 3 2 Doublers Figure 21 HLU 388 List 2D Set Clock Menu...

Страница 60: ...Section 150 388 124 Revision 01 Page 60 Figure 22 HLU 388 List 2D System Settings Menu Figure 23 HLU 388 List 2D Doubler Loopback Menu...

Страница 61: ...Section 150 388 124 Revision 01 Page 61 Figure 24 HLU 388 List 2D Performance Data Screen Span 1 1 or 2 Doublers Figure 25 HLU 388 List 2D Performance Data Screen Span 2 1 Doubler...

Страница 62: ...Section 150 388 124 Revision 01 Page 62 Figure 26 HLU 388 List 2D Performance Data Screen Span 2 2 Doublers Figure 27 HLU 388 List 2D Performance Data Screen Span 3 2 Doublers...

Страница 63: ...Section 150 388 124 Revision 01 Page 63 Figure 28 HLU 388 List 2D 7 Day Performance History Screen Span 1 1 or 2 Doublers Figure 29 HLU 388 List 2D 7 Day Performance History Screen Span 2 1 Doubler...

Страница 64: ...Section 150 388 124 Revision 01 Page 64 Figure 30 HLU 388 List 2D 7 Day Performance History Screen Span 2 2 Doublers Figure 31 HLU 388 List 2D 7 Day Performance History Screen Span 3 2 Doublers...

Страница 65: ...Section 150 388 124 Revision 01 Page 65 Figure 32 HLU 388 List 2D Alarm History Screen Span 1 1 or 2 Doublers Figure 33 HLU 388 List 2D Alarm History Screen Span 2 1 or 2 Doublers...

Страница 66: ...sion 01 Page 66 Figure 34 HLU 388 List 2D Alarm History Screen Span 3 2 Doublers Copyright 1996 PairGain Technologies Inc PairGain is a registered trademark CopperOptics and HiGain are trademarks of P...

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