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User Manual

Publication date: January, 2005

Revision A1

26

3-2. Media Access Control (MAC)

MAC Addressing

Because LAN is composed of many nodes, for the data exchanged among

these nodes, each node must have its own unique address to identify who should
send the data or should receive the data. In OSI model, each layer provides its own
mean to identify the unique address in some form, for example, IP address in
network layer.

The MAC is belonged to Data Link Layer (Layer 2), the address is defined to

be a 48-bit long and locally unique address. Since this type of address is applied
only to the Ethernet LAN media access control (MAC), they are referred to as MAC
addresses.

The first three bytes are Organizational Unique Identifier (OUI) code

assigned by IEEE. The last three bytes are the serial number assigned by the
vendor of the network device. All these six bytes are stored in a non-volatile
memory in the device. Their format is as the following table and normally written in
the form as aa-bb-cc-dd-ee-ff, a 12

hexadecimal digits separated by hyphens, in

which the aa-bb-cc is the OUI code and the dd-ee-ff is the serial number assigned
by manufacturer.

Fig. 3-2 SAP Format

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Содержание GS-1124

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Страница 3: ...24 Gigabit Web Smart Switch User s Manual Release 1 03 ...

Страница 4: ...Management Agent of 24 Gigabit Web Smart Switch 14 2 1 3 1 Configuring Management Agent of 24 Gigabit Web Smart Switch through Ethernet Port 15 2 1 4 IP Address Assignment 16 2 2 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS 21 CHAPTER 3 BASIC CONCEPT AND MANAGEMENT 23 3 1 WHAT S THE ETHERNET 23 3 2 MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL MAC 26 3 3 FLOW CONTROL 32 3 4 HOW DOES A SWITCH WORK 35 3 5 VIRTUAL LAN 39 3 6 LINK AGGREGATION 45 CHA...

Страница 5: ... 2 TP Fiber Ports Status 85 4 4 1 3 Aggregation 87 4 4 1 4 VLAN 88 4 4 1 5 Mirror 90 4 4 1 6 Trap Event 91 4 4 1 7 Maximum Packet Length 92 4 4 2 Warm Restart 93 4 4 3 Factory Default 94 4 4 4 Logout 95 CHAPTER 5 MAINTENANCE 96 5 1 RESOLVING NO LINK CONDITION 96 5 2 Q A 96 APPENDIX A TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 97 APPENDIX B MIB SPECIFICATIONS 101 ...

Страница 6: ...iv Revision History Release Date Revision 1 01 12 17 2004 A1 1 03 01 20 2005 A1 1 03 01 26 2005 A1 ...

Страница 7: ...v ...

Страница 8: ... Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class A computing device pursuant to Subpart J of part 15 of FCC Rules which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference when operated in a commercial environment European Community CE Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the pro...

Страница 9: ...Ethernet ports step by step Many explanation in detail of hardware and software functions are shown as well as the examples of the operation for web based interface and text based menu driven console interface Overview of this user s manual Chapter 1 Introduction describes the features of 24 Gigabit Web Smart Switch Chapter 2 Installation Chapter 3 Operating Concept and Management Chapter 4 Operat...

Страница 10: ...i Mode SFP Fiber transceiver 1000Mbps LC 10km SFP Fiber transceiver 1000Mbps LC 30km SFP Fiber transceiver 1000Mbps LC 50km SFP Fiber transceiver 1000Mbps BiDi SC 20km 1550nm SFP Fiber WDM transceiver 1000Mbps BiDi SC 20km 1310nm SFP Fiber WDM transceiver 10 100 1000Mbps TP is a standard Ethernet port that meets all IEEE 802 3 u x z Gigabit Fast Ethernet specifications 1000Mbps SFP Fiber transceiv...

Страница 11: ...your network Hardware 22 10 100 1000Mbps Auto negotiation Gigabit Ethernet TP ports 2 10 100 1000Mbps TP or 1000Mbps SFP Fiber dual media auto sense 400KB on chip frame buffer Jumbo frame support Programmable classifier for QoS Layer 4 Multimedia 8K MAC address and 4K VLAN support IEEE802 1Q Per port shaping policing and Broadcast Storm Control IEEE802 1Q in Q nested VLAN support Full duplex flow ...

Страница 12: ...ts to send the trap event while monitored events happened Supports default configuration which can be restored to overwrite the current configuration which is working on via Web UI and Reset button of the switch Supports on line plug unplug SFP modules Supports Quality of Service QoS for real time applications based on the information taken from Layer 2 to Layer 4 such as VoIP Built in web based m...

Страница 13: ...panel of the switch LED display area locating on the left side of the panel contains a Power LED which indicates the power status and 24 ports working status of the switch Fig 1 1 Full View of 24 Gigabit Web Smart Switch Fig 1 2 Front View of 24 Gigabit Web Smart Switch Power Indication LED Gigabit Ethernet Port TP Port Status Indication LEDs RESET Button RESET button is used to restore the system...

Страница 14: ...t Off when cable connection is not good 10 100 1000Mbps Green Ember Lit green when 1000Mbps speed is active Lit ember when 100Mbps speed is active Off when 10Mbps speed is active 1000SX LX Gigabit Fiber Port 23 24 LED SFP LINK ACT Green Lit when connection with the remote device is good Blinks when any traffic is present Off when module connection is not good Table1 1 1 4 2 User Interfaces on the ...

Страница 15: ...r the switch are listed below 1000Mbps LC MM SFP Fiber transceiver 1000Mbps LC SM 10km SFP Fiber transceiver 1000Mbps LC SM 30km SFP Fiber transceiver 1000Mbps LC SM 50km SFP Fiber transceiver 1000Mbps LC SM 70km SFP Fiber transceiver 1000Mbps LC SM 110km SFP Fiber transceiver 1000Mbps BiDi SC type 1 SM 20km SFP Fiber WDM transceiver 1000Mbps BiDi SC type 2 SM 20km SFP Fiber WDM transceiver 1000Mb...

Страница 16: ...ing Optional SFP Fiber Transceivers to the 24 Gigabit Web Smart Switch Note If you have no modules please skip this section Connecting the SFP Module to the Chassis The optional SFP modules are hot swappable so you can plug or unplug it before or after powering on 1 Verify that the SFP module is the right model and conforms to the chassis 2 Slide the module along the slot Also be sure that the mod...

Страница 17: ...ou can start having the switch in operation Power On The switch supports 100 240 VAC 50 60 Hz power supply The power supply will automatically convert the local AC power source to DC power It does not matter whether any connection plugged into the switch or not when power on even modules as well After the power is on all LED indicators will light up immediately and then all off except the power LE...

Страница 18: ...X From the viewpoint of connector type there mainly are LC and BIDI SC Gigabit Fiber with multi mode LC SFP module Gigabit Fiber with single mode LC SFP module Gigabit Fiber with BiDi SC 1310nm SFP module Gigabit Fiber with BiDi SC 1550nm SFP module The following table lists the types of fiber that we support and those else not listed here are available upon request Multi mode Fiber Cable and Moda...

Страница 19: ...ber Cable 1 0 m Fiber Cable 10 10 m TP to fiber Converter 56 Bit Time unit 1ns 1sec 1000 Mega bit Bit Time unit 0 01µs 1sec 100 Mega bit Table 2 2 Sum up all elements bit time delay and the overall bit time delay of wires devices must be within Round Trip Delay bit times in a half duplex network segment collision domain For full duplex operation this will not be applied You may use the TP Fiber mo...

Страница 20: ...you are using The switch supports both port based VLAN and tag based VLAN They are different in practical deployment especially in physical location The following diagram shows how it works and what the difference they are Case2a Port based VLAN See Fig 2 3 1 The same VLAN members could not be in different switches 2 Every VLAN members could not access VLAN members each other 3 The switch manager ...

Страница 21: ...d not access VLAN1 and VLAN3 members but they could access VLAN4 members 3 VLAN3 members could not access VLAN1 VLAN2 and VLAN4 4 VLAN4 members could not access VLAN1 and VLAN3 members but they could access VLAN2 members Case3a The same VLAN members can be at different switches with the same VID See Fig 2 5 Fig 2 4 Port based VLAN Diagram Fig 2 5 Attribute based VLAN Diagram ...

Страница 22: ...t Web Smart Switch In the way of web user is allowed to startup the switch management function Users can use any one of them to monitor and configure the switch You can touch them through the following procedures Section 2 1 3 1 Configuring Management Agent of 24 Gigabit Web Smart Switch through Ethernet Port ...

Страница 23: ...he configuration of the IP address or to know the IP address of the switch Then follow the procedures listed below 1 Set up a physical path between the configured the switch and a PC by a qualified UTP Cat 5 cable with RJ 45 connector Note If PC directly connects to the switch you have to setup the same subnet mask between them But subnet mask may be different for the PC in the remote site Please ...

Страница 24: ...l because it is split into predefined address classes or categories Each class has its own network range between the network identifier and host identifier in the 32 bits address Each IP address comprises two parts network identifier address and host identifier address The former indicates the network where the addressed host resides and the latter indicates the individual host in the network whic...

Страница 25: ...0 is reserved for default route and 127 0 0 0 8 is reserved for loopback function 0 Class B IP address range between 128 0 0 0 and 191 255 255 255 Each class B network has a 16 bit network prefix followed 16 bit host address There are 16 384 2 14 16 networks able to be defined with a maximum of 65534 2 16 2 hosts per network 10 Class C IP address range between 192 0 0 0 and 223 255 255 255 Each cl...

Страница 26: ...class B network 128 1 2 3 it may have a subnet mask 255 255 0 0 in default in which the first two bytes is with all 1s This means more than 60 thousands of nodes in flat IP address will be at the same network It s too large to manage practically Now if we divide it into smaller network by extending network prefix from 16 bits to say 24 bits that s using its third byte to subnet this class B networ...

Страница 27: ... 25 128 126 24 256 254 23 512 510 22 1024 1022 21 2048 2046 20 4096 4094 19 8192 8190 18 16384 16382 17 32768 32766 16 65536 65534 Table 2 3 According to the scheme above a subnet mask 255 255 255 0 will partition a network with the class C It means there will have a maximum of 254 effective nodes existed in this sub netted network and is considered a physical network in an autonomous network So i...

Страница 28: ...the designated IP address known as default router Basically it is a routing policy For assigning an IP address to the switch you just have to check what the IP address of the network will be connected with the switch Use the same network address and append your host address to it Fig 2 9 First IP Address as shown in the Fig 2 9 enter 192 168 1 1 for instance For sure an IP address such as 192 168 ...

Страница 29: ... on the specification of the switch please refer to Appendix A The switch is suitable for the following applications Central Site Remote site application is used in carrier or ISP See Fig 2 10 Peer to peer application is used in two remote offices See Fig 2 11 Office network See Fig 2 12 Fig 2 10 is a system wide basic reference connection diagram This diagram demonstrates how the switch connects ...

Страница 30: ...User Manual Publication date January 2005 Revision A1 22 Fig 2 12 Office Network Connection Fig 2 11 Peer to peer Network Connection ...

Страница 31: ...rface In 1998 Gigabit Ethernet was rolled out and provided 1000Mbps Now 10G s Ethernet is under approving Although these Ethernet have different speed they still use the same basic functions So they are compatible in software and can connect each other almost without limitation The transmission media may be the only problem Fig 3 1 IEEE 802 3 reference model vs OSI reference mode In Fig 3 1 we can...

Страница 32: ... logical link control or bridge relay entity Logical link control supports the interface between the Ethernet MAC and upper layers in the protocol stack usually Network layer which is nothing to do with the nature of the LAN So it can operate over other different LAN technology such as Token Ring FDDI and so on Likewise for the interface to the MAC layer LLC defines the services with the interface...

Страница 33: ...ted by C R bit command or response The DSAP and SSAP pair with some reserved values indicates some well known services listed in the table below 0xAAAA SNAP 0xE0E0 Novell IPX 0xF0F0 NetBios 0xFEFE IOS network layer PDU 0xFFFF Novell IPX 802 3 RAW packet 0x4242 STP BPDU 0x0606 IP 0x9898 ARP Table 3 2 LLC type 1 connectionless service LLC type 2 connection oriented service and LLC type 3 acknowledge...

Страница 34: ...defined to be a 48 bit long and locally unique address Since this type of address is applied only to the Ethernet LAN media access control MAC they are referred to as MAC addresses The first three bytes are Organizational Unique Identifier OUI code assigned by IEEE The last three bytes are the serial number assigned by the vendor of the network device All these six bytes are stored in a non volati...

Страница 35: ... all bit of DA is 1s it is a broadcast which means all network device except the sender itself can receive the frame and response Ethernet Frame Format There are two major forms of Ethernet frame type encapsulation and length encapsulation both of which are categorized as four frame formats 802 3 802 2 SNAP 802 3 802 2 Ethernet II and Netware 802 3 RAW We will introduce the basic Ethernet frame fo...

Страница 36: ...ation 802 3 802 2 encapsulation and Netware 802 3 RAW encapsulation Each of them has different fields following the Length field If the Length Type value is greater than 1500 it means the Length Type acts as Type Different type value means the frames with different protocols running over Ethernet being sent or received For example 0x0800 IP datagram 0x0806 ARP 0x0835 RARP 0x8137 IPX datagram 0x86D...

Страница 37: ...eld in turn The followings summarize what a MAC does before transmitting a frame 1 MAC will assemble the frame First the preamble and Start of Frame delimiter will be put in the fields of PRE and SFD followed DA SA tag ID if tagged VLAN is applied Ethertype or the value of the data length and payload data field and finally put the FCS data in order into the responded fields 2 Listen if there is an...

Страница 38: ...pagation time between the two most distant devices This maximum time is traded off by the collision recovery time and the diameter of the LAN In the original 802 3 specification Ethernet operates in half duplex only Under this condition when in 10Mbps LAN it s 2500 meters in 100Mbps LAN it s approximately 200 meters and in 1000Mbps 200 meters According to the theory it should be 20 meters But it s...

Страница 39: ...full duplex operation mode both transmitting and receiving frames are processed simultaneously This doubles the total bandwidth Full duplex is much easier than half duplex because it does not involve media contention collision retransmission schedule padding bits for short frame The rest functions follow the specification of IEEE802 3 For example it must meet the requirement of minimum inter frame...

Страница 40: ...d if there is no carrier signal on the medium at that time the device will wait for a period of time known as an inter frame gap time to have the medium clear and stabilized as well as to have the jobs ready such as adjusting buffer counter updating counter and so on in the receiver site Once the inter frame gap time expires after the de assertion of carrier sense the MAC transmits data In IEEE802...

Страница 41: ... a collision happened somewhere or an interface malfunctioned in the LAN When detecting the case the MAC drops the packet and goes back to the ready state 2 If the DA of the received frame exactly matches the physical address that the receiving MAC owns or the multicast address designated to recognize If not discards it and the MAC passes the frame to its client and goes back to the ready state 3 ...

Страница 42: ... and finds a reserved special value 0x8100 at the location of the Length Type field of the normal non VLAN frame it will interpret the received frame as a tagged VLAN frame If this happens in a switch the MAC will forward it according to its priority and egress rule to all the ports that is associated with that VID If it happens in a network interface card MAC will deprive of the tag header and pr...

Страница 43: ...utilizes CSMA CD to arbitrate who can transmit data to the station s attached in the LAN When more than one station transmits data within the same slot time the signals will collide referred to as collision The arbitrator will arbitrate who should gain the media The arbitrator is a distributed mechanism in which all stations contend to gain the media Please refer to What s the Ethernet for more de...

Страница 44: ...es And what s more when operating in full duplex mode the distance can reach farther than half duplex because it is not limited by the maximum propagation delay time 512 bits time If fiber media is applied the distance can be up to tens of kilometers Traffic Aggregation Traffic aggregation is to aggregate the bandwidth of more than one port and treat it as a single port in the LAN This single port...

Страница 45: ... forwarded If DA does not exist have the packet broadcasted Due to the size of the MAC address limited MAC address aging function is applied When the MAC address has resided and keeps no update in the table for a long time this means the traffic using that entry has yet come for a while If this time period is more than the aging time the entry will be marked invalid The vacancy is now available fo...

Страница 46: ...plement and different chips may support different schedule algorithms Most common schedulers are FCFS First Come First Service Strictly Priority All High before Low Weighted Round Robin Set a weight figure to the packet with a priority level say 5 7 and next set another weight to the packet with a priority level say 2 4 and so on The WRR will transmit the packet with the weight So the packet of ea...

Страница 47: ... station outside the LAN a router is needed which always lies on the edge of the LAN For a layer 2 VLAN it assumes it is a logical subset of a physical LAN separated by specific rules such as tag port MAC address and so on In other words they can communicate with each other between separated small physical LANs within a LAN but can not be between any two separated logical LANs In the figure above ...

Страница 48: ... others This helps us configure the network easily according to the criteria needed for example financial accounting R D and whatever you think it necessary You can also easily move a user to a different location or join a new user somewhere in the building to VLAN Without VLAN it is very hard to do Basically VLAN can afford offering at least 3 benefits move and change users reduce broadcast traff...

Страница 49: ...gged Frame A frame carrying a tag field following the source MAC address is four bytes long and contains VLAN protocol ID and tag control information composed of user priority Canonical Format Indicator CFI and optional VLAN identifier VID Normally the maximal length of a tagged frame is 1522 bytes 802 1Q VLAN tagged Ethernet frame 6 6 2 2 2 DA SA VLAN Protocol ID Tag Control Information Length Ty...

Страница 50: ...tag field The frame with VID assigned by a port is called PVID Each port can only be assigned a PVID The default value for PVID is 1 the same as VID Ingress filtering The process to check a received packet and compare its VID to the VLAN membership of the ingress port The ingress filtering can be set by per port When receiving a packet VLAN bridge examines if the VID in the frame s header presents...

Страница 51: ...transmitted with the priority accordingly If enabled an egress port will transmit out a tagged packet if the port is connected to a 802 1Q compliant device If an egress port is connected to a non 802 1Q device or an end station VLAN bridge must transmit out an untagged packet i e the tag has been stripped off in an egress port Egress rule can be set by per port Independent VLAN Learning IVL It spe...

Страница 52: ...ingress filtering is disabled VLAN bridge will only check the MAC address table to see if the destination VLAN exists If VLAN does not exist then drop the packet and if both DA and VLAN do not exist forwards the packet If just knows VLAN existed then floods the packet to all the ports the VLAN covers If we plan to deploy four VLANs in an office and use a switch to partition them we should check wh...

Страница 53: ...cost beyond your budget and the solution caused by the limitation of hardware performance may not be scalable If the item 2 is the case now you do not have to pay much more extra cost and can keep flexible according to the demand of bandwidth because all equipments are there already And what s more you can avoid worrying about the interoperability issue Applying LACP in your network you will not o...

Страница 54: ...witch to switch switch to station and station to station Here station may be a host or a router Link Aggregation called port trunking sometimes has two types of link configuration including static port trunk and dynamic port trunk Static Port Trunk When physical links are changed administrator needs to manually configure the switches one by one Dynamic Port Trunk When physical links are changed LA...

Страница 55: ...le below IP Address 192 168 1 1 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Default Gateway 192 168 1 254 Password admin Table 4 1 After the 24 Gigabit Web Smart Switch has been finished configuration you can browse it by using the IP address you set up For instance type http 192 168 1 1 in the address row in a browser it will show the following screen see Fig 4 1 and ask you inputting password in order to login an...

Страница 56: ...s page is default and tells you the basic information of the system including Switch Status TP Port Status Fiber Port Status Aggregation VLAN Mirror Trap Event and Maximum Packet Length With this information you will know the software version used MAC address how many ports good and so on This is helpful while malfunctioning For more details please refer to Section 4 4 1 Fig 4 2 ...

Страница 57: ...pends on the one you inserted The same if disconnected the port will show just dark if linked green On the left side the main menu tree for web is listed in the page According to the function name in boldface all functions can be divided into three parts including Configuration Monitoring and Maintenance The functions of each folder are described in its corresponded section respectively As to the ...

Страница 58: ...ation Bandwidth Management Trap Event Configuration and Max Packet Length are contained in this function folder for system and network management Each of them will be described in detail orderly in the following sections System Configuration Ports Configuration VLAN Mode Configuration VLAN Group Configuration Configuration PVID Configuration Aggregation Configuration Mirror Configuration QoS Confi...

Страница 59: ...eboot the switch to have the setting taken effect and use the new IP to browse for web management Fig 4 3 Function name System Configuration Function description Set IP address subnet mask default gateway system name password and auto logout timer for the switch Parameter description MAC Address It is the Ethernet MAC address of the management agent in this switch Firmware Version The firmware ver...

Страница 60: ...t is shown in the following figure This reduces the total IP number of a network able to support by the amount of 2 power of the bit number of subnet number 2 bit number of subnet number Subnet mask is used to set the subnet mask value which should be the same value as that of the other devices resided in the same network it attaches For more information please also see the Section 2 1 4 IP Addres...

Страница 61: ...acter and null are acceptable Default Giga Switch Password Set a password for this switch Up to 16 characters are allowed in this parameter Any alphanumeric character is acceptable Default admin Auto Logout Timer Set the auto logout timer The valid value is 0 60 in the unit of minute and a decimal point is not allowed The value 0 means auto logout timer is disabled Default 0 ...

Страница 62: ...lex is comprised of the combination of speed mode 10 100 1000Mbps and duplex mode full duplex and half duplex The following table summarized the function the media supports Media type NWay Speed Duplex 1000M TP ON OFF 10 100 1000M Full for all Half for 10 100 1000M Fiber ON OFF 1000M Full In Auto Speed mode no default value In Forced mode default value depends on your setting Flow Control There ar...

Страница 63: ... based VLAN is defined by port Any packet coming in or outgoing from any one port of a port based VLAN will be accepted No filtering criterion applies in port based VLAN The only criterion is the physical port you connect to For example for a port based VLAN named PVLAN 1 contains port members Port 1 2 3 4 If you are on the port 1 you can communicate with port 2 3 4 If you are on the port 5 then y...

Страница 64: ...er Manual Publication date January 2005 Revision A1 56 Metro Mode The Metro Mode is a quick configuration VLAN environment method on Port based VLAN It will create 22 or 23 Port based VLAN groups Fig 4 5 ...

Страница 65: ...h Port 23 thus total 23 groups consisting of 2 members are formed 24 Except Port 24 each port of the switch cannot transmit packets with each other Each port groups a VLAN with Port 24 thus total 23 groups consisting of 2 members are formed 23 24 Except Port 23 and Port 24 each port of the switch cannot transmit packets with each other Each port groups a VLAN with Port 23 and Port 24 thus total 22...

Страница 66: ... choose one of VLAN mode the switch will bring you the responded VLAN configuration which keeps the default data You can easily create and delete a VLAN group by pressing Add Group and Delete Group function buttons or click the Group ID directly to edit it Parameter description ID Group ID When you want to edit a VLAN group you must select the Group ID field Then you will enter Tag Base VLAN Group...

Страница 67: ...User Manual Publication date January 2005 Revision A1 59 Fig 4 7 Add Group Create a new port based VLAN or tag based VLAN which depends on the VLAN mode you choose in VLAN mode function Fig 4 8 ...

Страница 68: ...User Manual Publication date January 2005 Revision A1 60 Delete Group Just tick the check box beside the ID then press the Delete Group button to delete the group Fig 4 9 ...

Страница 69: ...en port to filter unwanted traffic In Rule 1 a given port checks if the given port is a member of the VLAN on which the received packet belongs to to determine forward it or not For example if port 1 receives a tagged packet with VID 100 VLAN name VLAN100 and if Rule 1 is enabled the switch will check if port 1 is a member of VLAN100 If yes the received packet is forwarded otherwise the received p...

Страница 70: ...g State If you checked this function for a Tag out port the packet form this port may be tag out But the packet would be untag out if the VID of its tag is the same as the value of Untag VID while Untag VID state is Enable Untag VID Valid range is 0 4094 Fig 4 10 ...

Страница 71: ...build the bandwidth aggregation For example if there are three Fast Ethernet ports aggregated in a logical port then this logical port has bandwidth three times as high as a single Fast Ethernet port has Function name Aggregation Configuration Function description Display the current setup of Aggregation Trunking With this function user is allowed to add a new trunking group or modify the members ...

Страница 72: ... Sniffer Port and Source Port respectively thus the traffic passed by Port B will be copied to Port A for monitoring Parameter description Sniffer Mode Used for the activation or de activation of Port Mirror function Default is disable Sniffer Port Set up the port for monitoring Valid port is Port 1 24 and default is Port 1 Source Port Set up the port for being monitored Just tick the check box un...

Страница 73: ...The initial value of the Default Class is High Fig 4 13 Function name VLAN Tag Priority Function description In vlan tag there are 3 bits belonging to priority According to these 3 bits we could arrange 8 traffics 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 We can set High priority or Low priority for each traffic class For instance if we let VLAN tagged priority 0 0 0 be high priority and VLA...

Страница 74: ...DP port possesses lower QoS traffic than Default class all other TCP UDP ports such as port 81 82 83 84 85 etc Giving an example when we transmit TCP packets with port number 80 at each of port 2 and port number 81 at port 3 to port 1 until the congestion happens The packets from port 3 will be dropped by port 1 because the TCP packets have port number 80 is high priority and will have higher prec...

Страница 75: ... Bit 2 According to the arrangement of VLAN tagged priority it can form 8 kinds of traffics including 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 and 1 1 1 Class 8 kinds of traffic as mentioned above user can set up High Priority or Low Priority for each port respectively ...

Страница 76: ... 0 1 be Low Priority we sent in the packets that have bit 2 4 of TOS Field appears 0 0 0 from the port 2 and the packets that have bit 2 4 of TOS Field appears 0 0 1 from the port 3 We let the two kinds of packets be transmitted for port 1 until the port results in congestion The result is that the packets will be dropped partially from the port 3 because the packets that belong to Low Priority Fo...

Страница 77: ...cording to the arrangement of Bit 2 Bit 4 in TOS Field of IP Header it can form 8 kinds of traffics including 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 and 1 1 1 Class 8 kinds of traffic as mentioned above user can set up High Priority or Low Priority for each port respectively ...

Страница 78: ...t from port 1 Parameter description Disable IP TCP UDP Port Classification Belong to the QoS in L4 Just tick the option button and press Apply button to have this function taken affect Then enter Custom L4 to disable IPl TCP UDP port Classification for QoS Down prioritize web browsing e mail FTP and news Belong to the QoS in L4 Just tick the option button and press Apply button to have this functi...

Страница 79: ...so has the right to modify these port numbers The display is shown as Fig 4 16 Special TCP UDP class There are two modes for selection including Low and High Default class all other TCP UDP ports There are two modes for selection including Low and High Port User can set up the port 1 24 respectively to let Special TDP UDP class function work on them If you would like to set up all ports at a time ...

Страница 80: ...Manual Publication date January 2005 Revision A1 72 Fig 4 16 Advanced Mode Fig 4 17 Simple Mode Simple Mode Press Simple button is to return to the screen that all L4 port number will disappear See Fig 4 17 ...

Страница 81: ...ld in DSCP of the IP packet In the switch user is allowed to set up these 64 kinds of Class that belong to High or Low Priority Parameter description IP Differentiated Services DiffServ Configuration Used for setting up the IP Differentiated Services Configuration QoS Diffserv Display 64 0 63 DiffServ Priority items Class 64 kinds of traffic as mentioned above user can set up High Priority or Low ...

Страница 82: ...to simplify the procedure of configuration All Traffic for Ingress Rate Limiting Set up the limit of Ingress bandwidth for the port you choose Incoming traffic will be discarded if the rate exceeds the value you set up in Data Rate field Pause frames are also generated if flow control is enabled The limited format of the packet includes unicast broadcast and multicast Valid range is 0 1000 Broadca...

Страница 83: ...t up the limit of Egress bandwidth for the port you choose Packet transmission will be delayed if the rate exceeds the value you set up in Data Rate field Traffic may be lost if egress buffers run full The limited format of the packet includes unicast broadcast and multicast Valid range is 0 1000 ...

Страница 84: ...t offers 7 different trap events and 2 host to users The message will be sent while users tick the trap event individually on the web page shown as below Except Warm Boot and Cold Boot other trap events offer the counter function to help the user see the times that the trap event had happened Parameter description These trap functions are as they describe The traps the switch supports are listed b...

Страница 85: ...switch is capable of dealing with 9k Jumbo Frames which suits the transmission for a large amount of data in the network environment Parameter description Jumbo Frame bytes Set up the maximum length of the packet that each port of the switch can accept Maximum length can be up to 1532 bytes or 9216 bytes The default is 1518 bytes Fig 4 21 ...

Страница 86: ...same time If the counting is overflow the counter will be reset and restart counting Function name Statistics Overview Function description Display the summary counting of each port s traffic including Tx Bytes Tx Frames Rx Bytes Rx Frames Tx Errors and Rx Errors Parameters description Tx Bytes Total transmitted bytes Tx Frames The counting number of the packet transmitted Rx Bytes Total received ...

Страница 87: ...ch port at one time Parameter description Rx Packets The counting number of the packet received RX Octets Total received bytes Rx High Priority Packets Number of Rx packets classified as high priority Rx Low Priority Packets Number of Rx packets classified as low priority Rx Broadcast Show the counting number of the received broadcast packet Rx Multicast Show the counting number of the received mu...

Страница 88: ...d Rx 128 255 Bytes Number of 127 255 byte frames in good and bad packets received Rx 256 511 Bytes Number of 256 511 byte frames in good and bad packets received Rx 512 1023 Bytes Number of 512 1023 byte frames in good and bad packets received Rx 1024 Bytes Number of 1024 max_length byte frames in good and bad packets received Tx 64 Bytes Number of 64 byte frames in good and bad packets transmitte...

Страница 89: ...ng frames according to max_length register with valid CRC Rx Fragments Number of short frames 64 bytes with invalid CRC Rx Jabber Number of long frames according tomax_length register with invalid CRC Rx Drops Frames dropped due to the lack of receiving buffer Tx Collisions Number of collisions transmitting frames experienced Tx Drops Number of frames dropped due to excessive collision late collis...

Страница 90: ... Status Fiber Port Status Aggregation VLAN Mirror Trap Event and Maximum Packet Length are contained in this function folder for port monitor and management Each of them will be described in detail orderly in the following sections Status Warm Restart Maintenance Factory Default Logout Switch Status TP Port Status Fiber Port Status Aggregation Status Mirror VLAN Trap Event Maximum Packet Length ...

Страница 91: ...tion Product Name To show the product name of this device Firmware Version To show the firmware version of this switch Hardware Version To show the hardware version of this switch Serial Number The serial number is assigned by the manufacturer IP Address To show the IP address of this switch Subnet Mask To show the subnet mask of this switch Default Gateway To show the default gateway of this swit...

Страница 92: ...ion date January 2005 Revision A1 84 MAC Address To show the Ethernet MAC address of this switch System Name To show the special name for this switch Auto Logout Timer To show the setting of auto logout timer in the web UI ...

Страница 93: ...at if the link on the port is active or not If the link is connected to a working well device the Link Status will show the current link speed and duplex If the connection is broken it will show Down This is determined by the hardware on both devices of the connection No default value Speed Display the speed and duplex of all port There are three speeds 10Mbps 100Mbps and 1000Mbps supported for TP...

Страница 94: ... A1 86 Flow Control Show each port s flow control status There are two types of flow control in Ethernet Backpressure for half duplex operation and Pause flow control IEEE802 3x for full duplex operation The switch supports both of them Default Enabled ...

Страница 95: ...3 Aggregation Function name Aggregation Status Function description Display the current setup of Aggregation Trunking Parameter description Normal Display the ports that do not join any aggregation trunking group Group 1 8 Display the members of the Group Fig 4 26 ...

Страница 96: ...d Tag based and metro mode which depends on the setting in VLAN mode configuration function ID Display the Group ID Description Display the description defined by administrator is associated with a VLAN group VID Display VLAN identifier Each tag based VLAN group has a unique VID It appears only in tag based mode Member Display the port members belonging to each VLAN Group Fig 4 27 Tag based VLAN F...

Страница 97: ...User Manual Publication date January 2005 Revision A1 89 Fig 4 29 Metro mode VLAN ...

Страница 98: ...ay the setting result of mirror configuration Parameter description Sniffer Mode Display the status the activation or de activation of Port Mirror function Default is disable Sniffer Port Display the port for monitoring Valid port is Port 1 24 and default is Port 1 Source Port Display the port for being monitored Valid port is Port 1 24 Fig 4 30 ...

Страница 99: ...us function is used to display the switch s trap information sent out while pre defined trap events occurred Parameter description These trap functions are as they describe The traps that the switch supports are listed below Boot Warm Boot Cold Boot Login Illegal Login Link Link Up Link Down Tx Rx error Rx error threshold Tx error threshold Fig 4 31 ...

Страница 100: ...on description Display the settings of the maximum packet length that each port can accept in this switch Parameter description Jumbo Frame bytes Display the settings about the maximum length of the packet that each port of the switch can accept Maximum length can be up to 1532 bytes or 9216 bytes The default is 1518 bytes Fig 4 32 ...

Страница 101: ...ve default setting After upgrading software then you must reboot to have the new configuration taken effect Here we are discussing is software reset for the reboot in the main menu Function name Warm Restart Function description Reboot the switch Reboot takes the same effect as the RESET button on the front panel of the switch Press Yes button to confirm warm restart function and it will take arou...

Страница 102: ...on date January 2005 Revision A1 94 4 4 3 Factory Default Function name Factory Default Function description Factory Default Configuration function can retrieve default setting to replace the working configuration Fig 4 34 ...

Страница 103: ... without the permission If you do not logout and exit the browser the switch will automatically have you logout Besides this manually logout and implicit logout you can set up the parameter of Auto Logout Timer in system configuration function to explicitly ON OFF this logout function Parameter description Auto Manual Logout If no action and no key is stroke as well in any function screen more tha...

Страница 104: ...twork configuration on Computer C 2 The uplink connection function fails to work 9 The connection ports on another must be connection ports Please check if connection ports are used on that 24 Gigabit Web Smart Switch 9 Please check the uplink setup of the 24 Gigabit Web Smart Switch to verify the uplink function is enabled 3 The console interface cannot appear on the console port connection 9 24 ...

Страница 105: ...ports can be in disable mode force mode or auto polling mode Supports Head of Line HOL blocking prevention Supports broadcast storm filtering Web based management provides the ability to completely manage the switch from any web browser Supports Port based VLAN and Protocol based IEEE802 1Q VLAN Auto aging with programmable inter age time Supports 802 1p Class of Service with 2 level priority queu...

Страница 106: ...er Transmission Mode 10 100Mbps support full or half duplex 1000Mbps support full duplex only Transmission Speed 10 100 1000Mbps for TP 1000Mbps for Fiber Full Forwarding Filtering Packet Rate PPS packets per second Forwarding Rate Speed 1 488 000PPS 1000Mbps 148 800PPS 100Mbps 14 880PPS 10Mbps MAC Address and Self learning 8K MAC address 4K VLAN table entries Buffer Memory Embedded 400 KB frame b...

Страница 107: ...D 10 100 1000M TP Port 1 to 24 LINK ACT 10 100 1000Mbps 1000M SFP Fiber Port 23 24 SFP LINK ACT Power Requirement AC Line Voltage 100 240 V Frequency 50 60 Hz Consumption 30W Ambient Temperature 0 to 50 C Humidity 5 to 90 Dimensions 44 H 442 W 209 D mm Comply with FCC Part 15 Class A CE Mark Approval ...

Страница 108: ...ort enable disable any port set VLAN group set Trunk Connection VLAN Function Port Base 802 1Q Tagged allowed up to 256 active VLANs in one switch Trunk Function Ports trunk connections allowed Bandwidth Control Supports by port Egress Ingress rate control Quality of Service QoS Referred as Class of Service CoS by the IEEE 802 1P standard Two queues per port Network Management Web browser support ...

Страница 109: ...ch OBJECT IDENTIFIER privatetech 2 gs1124cProductId OBJECT IDENTIFIER switch 7 gs1124cProduces OBJECT IDENTIFIER gs1124cProductId 1 gs1124cIllegalLogin TRAP TYPE ENTERPRISE gs1124cProductId DESCRIPTION Send this trap when the illegal user try to login the Web management UI 1 gs1124cRxErrorThreshold TRAP TYPE ENTERPRISE gs1124cProductId VARIABLES ifIndex DESCRIPTION Send this trap when the number o...

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