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3. Why is it important to monitor percentage Total Body Water (%TBW) in the body?
Water is an essential component of the body and its level is one of the health indicators.
Water makes up approximately between 50-70% of the body's weight. It is present
proportionally more in lean tissue compared to fat tissue. Water is a medium for biochemical
reactions that regulate body functions. Waste products are carried in water from cells for
excretion in urine and sweat. Water provides form to cells; helps to maintain body
temperature; provides moisture to skin and mucosa; cushions vital organs; lubricates joints
and is a component of many body fluids. The amount of water in the body fluctuates with the
hydration level of the body and state of health. Monitoring the level of body water can be a
useful tool for one's health maintenance. Similar to body fat estimation, the %TBW function
provided in this scale is based on BIA.
The estimated %TBW may vary according to your hydration level, that is, how much water
you have drunk or how much you have sweated immediately prior to the estimation. For
better accuracy, avoid fluctuation in hydration level prior to the estimation. The accuracy of
the scale in estimating TBW will also decrease with individuals suffering from diseases that
tend to accumulate water in the body.
The optimal %TBW of an individual varies according to age and gender. The table below may
be used as a guide:
(Source: University of Illinois Medical Center, Chicago, USA)
%BF Range
Optimal % TBW Range
4 to 14%
70 to 63%
15 to 21%
63 to 57%
22 to 24%
57 to 55%
Men
25% and over
55 to 37%
4 to 20%
70 to 58%
21 to 29%
58 to 52%
30 to 32%
52 to 49%
Women
33% and over
49 to 37%
Please be reminded that the %TBW estimated with the scale represents only a
good approximation of your TBW. There exist clinical methods of estimating
total body water that can be ordered by your physician.
4. When should I use the scale’s body fat and total body water functions?
For maximum accuracy and repeatability, it is recommended that the scale's body fat and total
body water functions be used at approximately the same time of the day, e.g. before breakfast
in the morning. It is also a good practice to avoid swings in hydration level of the body prior to
the measurement. Establishing your own baseline value of %BF and %TBW and track their
changes is better than merely comparing your %BF and %TBW value to the population's
normal value.
5. Why is the Athlete Mode necessary in a Body Fat Analyzer?
It has been found that body fat estimation using BIA could overestimate the percentage body
fat of adult elite athletes. The physiological variation of athletes in bone density and level of
hydration are two of the reasons said to account for the difference.
The Athlete mode is selectable only for adults of 15 years of age or older.
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