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Impedance Mismatch

There may be cases where it is necessary to use the Model 43 on other than

the 50 ohm circuit for which it is designed. When using the Thruline

Wattmeter, you will be inserting a four-inch length of 50 ohm air line into

the circuit and therefore the load on the transmitter will be changed from

its original condition without the Thruline Wattmeter. If the reflected power

20

40

60

80

100

200

400

600

800

1000

Frequency In Megahertz

-1

0

-5

0

-1

0

-5

0

-1

0

-5

0

Rela

tiv

e

Res

po

ns

e

D

B

10 C
Element

100 C
Element

500 C
Element

Figure 6

Representative Frequency Response

Theory of Operation

17

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Содержание THRULINE 43 Series

Страница 1: ...o Covers Models 4305 4330 4431 4521 27 and 43P Copyright 1998 by Bird Electronic Corporation Instruction Book Part Number 920 43 Revision C Thruline and Termaline are registered trademarks of Bird Ele...

Страница 2: ......

Страница 3: ...on To avoid casualties always remove power Do Not Service Or Adjust Alone Under no circumstances should any person reach into an enclosure for the purpose of service or adjustment of equipment except...

Страница 4: ...mbol appears on the equipment indicating there is important information in the instruction manual regarding that particular area Warning Statements The following warnings appear in the text where ther...

Страница 5: ...en making low reflection readings using a more sensitive element take care to insert the element so that it senses reflected power only Do not rotate the element in the socket so that it is subjected...

Страница 6: ...NISSE UTILIZZATO IN MODO DIVERSO DA COME SPECIFICATO DAL PRODUTTORE LA PROZ IONE DI SICUREZZA POTREBBE VENIRNE COMPROMESSA SERVICE SERVICING INSTRUCTIONS ARE FOR USE BY SERVICE TRAINED PERSONNEL ONLY...

Страница 7: ...DES INSTRUCTIONS D ENTRETIEN DOIT TRE R SERV AU PERSONNEL FORM AUX OP RATIONS D ENTRETIEN POUR PR VENIR UN CHOC LECTRIQUE DANGEREUX NE PAS EFFECTUER D EN TRETIEN SI L ON N A PAS T QUALIFI POUR CE FAIR...

Страница 8: ...DANS LA PRISE LORS DE L EMPLOI HF SPANNUNG KANN IN DER HF ELEMENT BUCHSE ANSTEHEN ELEMENT W HREND DES BETRIEBS EINGEST PSELT LASSEN PUEDE HABER VOLTAJE RF EN EL ENCHUFE DEL ELEMENTO RF MANTENGA EL EL...

Страница 9: ...es the contents of that chapter Operation First time users should read Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Theory of Operation and Chapter 3 Installation to get an overview of equipment capabilities and...

Страница 10: ...to ensure this manual is accurate If you should discover any errors or if you have suggestions for improving this manual please send your comments to our factory This manual may be periodically update...

Страница 11: ...ormance Characteristics and Capabilities 1 Specifications 4 Theory of Operation 7 Travelling Wave Viewpoint 7 Coupling Circuit 7 Standing Wave Ratio vs Reflected Forward Power Ratio 9 Load Power 9 Mea...

Страница 12: ...ion Checks Thruline Wattmeter vs Termaline Wattmeters 34 Model 43 Replacement Parts List 35 Model 4431 Thruline Wattmeter 38 Theory of Operation 38 Operation 40 Maintenance 40 Model 4431 Replacement P...

Страница 13: ...Model 4330 Thruline Wattmeter 45 Model 4330 31 Replacement Parts List 46 Model 43P Peak Wattmeter 46 Model 43P Specifications 47 Operation 47 Peak Detector Response 47 Model 43P Peak Calibration 48 M...

Страница 14: ...Bird Model 43 Wattmeter xii...

Страница 15: ...rences pertinent to these units can be found in the specifications for each of these models in the back of this book The Model 43 Thruline Wattmeter is an insertion type RF wattmeter de signed to meas...

Страница 16: ...through a lateral hole and into the Plug In Element socket of the RF line section The spring finger has a button on its end which mates with the contacts of the Plug In Element The silver plated bras...

Страница 17: ...e lower level of the stepped line section casting face and against its respective stop The Model 43P Thruline Wattmeter has the same abilities as the Model 43 with the added feature of peak power meas...

Страница 18: ...n coupling is less than 30dB Connectors RF Sampling if applicable Primary Line Female BNC Bird QC Female N normally supplied Power and Frequency Range Models 43 43P 4521 22 23 25 26 Model 4527 Model 4...

Страница 19: ...l 4305A 3 lb 1 36 kg 4 lb 1 8 kg 3 1 2 lb 1 59 kg 3 1 4 lb 1 47 kg Operating Position Any Finish All Models Grey Powder Coat RF Coupling Model 4527 Model 4431 Approx 53 dB from 512 MHz down to 10 MHz...

Страница 20: ...1 5 16 33 3mm 3 3 8 3 5 8 92 1mm 85 7mm 6 7 8 174 6mm 4 101 6mm 1 3 4 44 5mm Female N Q C Connectors 2 Normally Supplied Socket for Extra Element Model 43 Outline Drawing Bird Model 43 Wattmeter 6...

Страница 21: ...the source and also has an RF voltage Er and current Ir in phase with Er Ir Zo s Note that each component wave is mathematically simple and is completely described by a single figure for power for ins...

Страница 22: ...waves of the opposite direction will subtract in phase The additive or arrow direction is assigned to the forward wave The electrical values of the element circuits are carefully balanced and so desig...

Страница 23: ...idly as the frequency drops below 1000 MHz Whereas the Thruline Wattmeter is surprisingly quick convenient and accurate by comparison With the exception of phase angle reflection distance load to mini...

Страница 24: ...usually is to minimize Wr Anything done experimentally to this end is noted directly when the Model 43 element is turned to the reflected position Furthermore the ratio of readings even if only menta...

Страница 25: ...ll scale power value of the element used to measure forward power is recommended CAUTION When making low reflection readings using a more sensitive element take care to insert the element so that it s...

Страница 26: ...25 1 30 1 40 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 2 0 VSWR r PERCENT REFLECTED POWER f f x 100 x 100 Wr Wf REFELECTED POWER FORWARD POWER Figure 4 Percent Reflected Power VS VSWR 1 0 1 3 Bird...

Страница 27: ...8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 4 5 6 7 VSWR r PERCENT REFLECTED POWER f f x 100 x 100 Wr Wf REFELECTED POWER FORWARD POWER 2 1 1 2 3 8 Figure 5 Percent Reflected Power VS VSWR 1 0 8 0 Theory of Op...

Страница 28: ...Model 43 indicates the carrier component on amplitude modulation with very little response to side band components added by modulation Testing of Lines Connectors Filters Etc The Thruline Wattmeter is...

Страница 29: ...pen or short circuited In this condition 100 percent the forward and reflected waves being equal in magnitude and p infinity Say that this is checked on open circuit and then a length of line of unkno...

Страница 30: ...o high For example at 40 MHz the 10C element will typically read about 4 dB low which is about 40 percent of the true value or 4 watts The 100C will read only about 1 dB low or about 80 percent of the...

Страница 31: ...r inch length of 50 ohm air line into the circuit and therefore the load on the transmitter will be changed from its original condition without the Thruline Wattmeter If the reflected power 20 40 60 8...

Страница 32: ...a VSWR of 1 4 to 1 0 If Thruline Wattmeter is 50 ohms and load is 70 ohms resistive VSWR in the wattmeter is 70 50 1 4 The Thruline Wattmeter could also show this same reflected percentage with a 50 1...

Страница 33: ...at and twist the knob one quarter turn to hold Handle the Plug In Elements with care at all times Calibration could be disturbed if they are dropped Connections WARNING Leaking RF energy is a potentia...

Страница 34: ...32 flat head machine screws holding the back cover 2 Grasp the cover by the side filler tabs and pull directly backwards The back cover assembly will come off with the speed nuts remaining attached 3...

Страница 35: ...eadily to panel type mounting A layout for the panel mount cut is given in figure 8 The thickness of the panel should be about 1 4 inch On panels less than this build up the thickness with pads or was...

Страница 36: ...7 64 2 5 16 1 3 64 5 8 1 1 4 SQUARE FEMALE N CONNECTORS OR AS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED D C CABLE RG 58 U W 403 ORIENT TO SUIT Figure 7 RF Line Section 2 125 1 17 64 1 33 64 1 8 Rad or 1 8 x 45 chamfer 13 6...

Страница 37: ...required turn the adjustment screw until the pointer is set at zero refer to figure 9 WARNING When operating this equipment in conjunction with RF power of 200 watts or higher the potential of the ce...

Страница 38: ...sion power value and frequencies The arrow on Plug In Elements indicate sensitive direction i e the direc tion of power flow which the meter will read Arrow and Reverse are directional terms used in r...

Страница 39: ...section Otherwise the dc circuit will be unbalanced or shorted according to the arrow position of the other element causing inaccurate or no indication on the meter For the convenience of users a set...

Страница 40: ...3 in place removing it shortens the line by four inches plus two connectors This still is no cause for concern at low frequen cies where four to five inches is a small fraction of a wavelength At high...

Страница 41: ...6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 VSWR 1 Reflected Power Forward Power Reflected Power Forward Power 1 FORWARD POWER WATTS REFLECTED POWER WATTS 3 0 2 5 2 0 1 6 1 5 1 4 1 3 1 2 5 1 2 0 1 1 6 1 1 4 1 1 2 1 1 0 1...

Страница 42: ...1 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 3 0 2 5 2 0 1 6 1 5 1 4 1 3 1 2 5 1 2 0 1 1 6 1 1 4 1 1 2 1 1 0 1 0 9 1 0 8 1 0 7 1 0 6 1 0 5 1 0 4 1 0 3 1 8 FORWARD POWER WATTS REFLECTED POWER WATTS...

Страница 43: ...avelength Matching Graph 200 300 400 600 0 4 8 12 16 20 28 24 32 36 700 100 FREQUENCY MEGAHERTZ 500 C A B L E L E N G T H I N C H E S I N C H E S 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 MEGAHERTZ 600 700 800 900 1000 Operatin...

Страница 44: ...ip of the center pins 2 Dimensions shown are for solid polyethylene cable e g RG 58C U RG 8 U which has 66 percent the velocity of propagation relative to air If so called RG 58 type or RG 8 type cabl...

Страница 45: ...ontains troubleshooting information for problems which can occur during normal operation Locate the problem review the possible cause and perform the corrective action listed Only those functions with...

Страница 46: ...r short circuit in dc meter Replace defective cable RG 58 U Meter burned out or damaged Replace or return wattmeter to the factory for meter replacement and recalibration Intermittent or in consistent...

Страница 47: ...he FWD and RFL measuring positions This protects the meter and will not expose the element diode to dangerous potentials if the RF line section should be energized Line Section Care If there is any ev...

Страница 48: ...urate unless comparison is made with a transmission through type of standard With the Thruline Wattmeter being of such type a natural question is Can a Thruline Wattmeter be used to check or recalibra...

Страница 49: ...uch calibration is undertaken care and thoroughness are advised Model 43 Replacement Parts List Item Qty Description Part Number 1 1 Housing Assembly 4210 018 2 1 Cover Assembly 4210 005 1 3 1 Line Se...

Страница 50: ...male 4240 031 UHF Female 4240 050 LC Male 4240 025 UHF Male 4240 179 BNC Female 4240 125 TNC Female 4240 156 BNC Male 4240 132 TNC Male 4240 160 SMA Female 4240 336 SC Female 4240 090 SMA Male 4240 33...

Страница 51: ...Figure 14 Exploded View Of The Model 43 Maintenance 37...

Страница 52: ...e front of the meter housing This adjustment is accomplished by means of mechanical linkage connecting the sample adjustment control knob to the RF probe so that turning the knob varies the proximity...

Страница 53: ...00 31 300 38 400 34 500 30 600 29 5 700 29 800 28 5 36 900 28 35 5 1000 35 Note It is important to decouple the RF sampler as indicated above for frequencies above 200 MHz The basic specifications of...

Страница 54: ...the back 2 Grasp the back cover firmly by the tabs behind the line connectors and pull straight backward to remove the back cover 3 Use a 1 16 hex socket Hex wrench to loosen and remove the small cou...

Страница 55: ...e above procedure Note When inserting the threaded control bushing be sure the alignment pin is properly positioned Model 4431 Replacement Parts List Item Qty Description Part Number 1 1 Modified hous...

Страница 56: ...the model types concerned the various panels are punched out for the component arrangements involved The first line of the Replacement Parts List attached lists the panel styles for the respective Mod...

Страница 57: ...mitted through the line section of the wattmeter This signal is available at a Female BNC connector located on the right side of the panel labeled RF SAMPLE Series 4520 Replacement Parts List Item Qty...

Страница 58: ...1 4 lb 1 5 kg Item Qty Description Part Number 4 1 2 DC connector assembly Model 4521 23 25 Model 4522 26 27 4230 010 5 1 1 1 2 Microammeter Model 4521 22 27 Model 4523 Model 4525 Model 4526 2080 002...

Страница 59: ...lined below 1 The Model 4330 is a low power indicating device with full scale direct reading levels of 200 and 800 milliwatts 2 This model uses special 0 2 and 0 8 watt dual range ele ments that cover...

Страница 60: ...43 All other parts not listed here are applicable Model 4330 31 Replacement Parts List Model 43P Peak Wattmeter The Bird Model 43P Thruline Wattmeter is capable of measuring peak power in AM SSB and...

Страница 61: ...detector circuit is set at one second although the actual response time may be slightly longer than this due to meter damping Therefore a short delay may be noticed between the time that the transmitt...

Страница 62: ...e are two on either side of the meter housing 2 Pull the cover straight off Refer to figure 15 for the following calibration instructions 1 Insert the Model 43P between an RF CW signal source and a 50...

Страница 63: ...me as for the Model 43 except for battery replacement If the unit does not function properly in peak mode or calibration cannot be achieved the batteries may be low Replace the batteries with new ones...

Страница 64: ...intains a complete repair and calibration facility at the following address Service Group U S A Sales and Service Bird Electronic Corporation 30303 Aurora Road Cleveland Solon OH 44139 2794 Phone 440...

Страница 65: ...products are proved to be other than as warranted transportation costs cheapest way to and from Seller s plant will be borne by Seller and reimbursement or credit will be made for amounts so expended...

Страница 66: ...Standard EN 55011 1991 Emissions Class B 2 European Standard EN 50082 2 1995 Immunity Residential Commercial and Light Industrial Environments These standards are in accordance with Council Directive...

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