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Color Creation and Enhancement AW00011916000
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10.1.2 Pixel Data Formats Available on Cameras with
a Bayer Filter
Bayer Formats
Cameras equipped with a Bayer pattern color filter can output pixel data in the Bayer RG 8 or Bayer
BG 8 pixel data output format, the Bayer BG 16 format, and the Bayer BG 12 Packed format. When
a color camera is set for one of these pixel data output formats, the pixel data is not processed or
interpolated in any way. For each pixel covered with a red portion of the filter, you get 8 or 12 bits
of red data. For each pixel covered with a green portion of the filter, you get 8 or 12 bits of green
data. And for each pixel covered with a blue portion of the filter, you get 8 or 12 bits of blue data.
(This type of pixel data is sometimes referred to as "raw" output.)
For complete details of these pixel data output formats, see Section 11.1 on page 197 and
Section 11.3 on page 205 .
RGB Format
All color cameras with a Bayer filter can output pixel data in RGB 8 Packed format.
When a color camera is set for this format, a demosaicing algorithm is performed to get RGB data
for each pixel. This is required because color cameras with a Bayer filter on the sensor gather only
one color of light for each individual pixel.
Once the demosaicing is complete, 8 bits of red, green, and blue data is transmitted for each pixel
to the host PC.
For complete details of this pixel data output format, see Section 11.3.5 on page 213 .
YUV Formats
All color cameras with a Bayer filter can output pixel data in YUV 4:2:2 Packed format or in YUV
4:2:2 (YUYV) Packed format.
When a color camera is set for either of these formats, each pixel in the captured image goes
through a two step conversion process as it exits the sensor and passes through the camera’s
electronics. This process yields Y, U, and V color information for each pixel.
In the first step of the process, a demosaicing algorithm is performed to get RGB data for each pixel.
This is required because color cameras with a Bayer filter on the sensor gather only one color of
light for each individual pixel.
The second step of the process is to convert the RGB information to the YUV color model. The
conversion algorithm uses the following formulas:
Y = 0.30 R + 0.59 G + 0.11 B
U = - 0.17 R - 0.33 G + 0.50 B
V = 0.50 R - 0.41 G - 0.09 B
Once the conversion to a YUV color model is complete, the pixel data is transmitted to the host PC.